CN114062715A - High-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on film - Google Patents
High-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on film Download PDFInfo
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- CN114062715A CN114062715A CN202111303693.8A CN202111303693A CN114062715A CN 114062715 A CN114062715 A CN 114062715A CN 202111303693 A CN202111303693 A CN 202111303693A CN 114062715 A CN114062715 A CN 114062715A
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- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims 4
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
- G01P15/09—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensing, and particularly relates to a high-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on a film, which comprises a shell, an isolation pad, a mass block, a sensitive element and a base, wherein the mass block and the sensitive element are fixed on the base in a zero-pretightening force mode; when the sensor senses the acceleration from the direction of the base, a positive charge signal is output and is converted into a positive voltage signal through the post-amplifier; when the sensor senses the acceleration from the direction of the shell, no charge signal is output, and no voltage signal is output from the post amplifier; therefore, the sensor only senses the mass center acceleration signal of the projectile body in the penetration process, but not the structural response of the projectile body, and the technical problem in the multilayer penetration fuze in the background technology is well solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensing, and particularly relates to a high-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on a film and an application method thereof.
Background
The development of penetration weapons puts higher and higher requirements on penetration fuzes, and the penetration fuzes commonly used at home and abroad at present comprise penetration delay fuzes, penetration meter layer fuzes and penetration meter stroke fuzes, wherein the penetration meter layer fuzes have the highest requirements on high-g-value acceleration sensors. In the penetration process of a multilayer hard target, the penetration fuse identifies and calculates the number of layers of the target according to the output signal of an acceleration sensor, while common acceleration sensors on the market, whether piezoelectric type or piezoresistive type, are based on a second-order system principle, and the output signal of the acceleration sensor has larger residual response after the main response is finished. Due to the existence of residual response, when the distance between the multilayer hard targets is close, the output signal of the acceleration sensor has a larger adhesion phenomenon, so that the failure of layer number identification is caused.
The high g value penetration process, especially penetration process of aircraft carrier or tank armor, has huge impact force. For piezoelectric acceleration sensors, especially shear-type and inverted center compression-type sensors, the impact force can damage the connection structure between the mass block and the sensitive element, namely a pre-tightening mechanism; for piezoresistive acceleration sensors, stress waves caused by the impact force can damage sensitive silicon beams of the sensor, and the sensor fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-g-value linear acceleration sensor which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, long storage time, strong overload resistance (the maximum bearable impact overload of 200000 g) and sensitivity only to the centroid acceleration of a projectile body in the penetration process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on the film comprises a shell, an isolation pad, a mass block, a sensitive element and a base, and is characterized in that the sensitive element is bonded on the base through a quick adhesive, the mass block is arranged on the sensitive element in a zero-pretightening force mode (namely the mass block is directly arranged on the sensitive element), and the mass block and the sensitive element are fixed on the base through the shell with the preset isolation pad. The sensing element is responsive to acceleration from only one direction of the base.
The sensitive element is a circular piezoelectric film.
The sensing element is a circular PVDF piezoelectric film with the diameter of 3-5mm and an electrode lead-out wire, the thickness of the sensing element is less than 0.3mm, the sensing element is fixed on the base through quick bonding glue, and in order to ensure the accuracy of acceleration measurement, the thickness of a glue layer is less than 0.01 mm.
The mass block is a cylinder with an annular groove, the diameter of the cylinder is equal to that of the circular PVDF piezoelectric film, and the outer surface of the cylinder is subjected to insulation oxidation treatment.
The isolation pad is made of elastic insulating materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and is used for eliminating an axial gap between the shell and the mass block and realizing zero-pretightening force installation of the mass block and the sensitive element.
The shell is connected with the base through fine threads, and the annular inner surface of the shell is a smooth cylindrical surface, so that the friction resistance of the mass block during movement under the overload action is reduced.
The high-g-value linear acceleration transducer is based on a linear function principle, the acceleration applied to the base is converted into pressure by the mass block and acts on the PVDF piezoelectric film to generate a charge signal proportional to the acceleration, namely the charge signal is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,mis the mass of the mass block,d 33the piezoelectric constant of the PVDF piezoelectric film is shown, and a is the acceleration to which the base is subjected.
The sensor is characterized in that the sensor only senses a positive acceleration signal acting on the base, when the acceleration applied to the base is greater than zero, the PVDF piezoelectric film generates a charge signal, and the post-amplifier outputs a positive voltage signal; when the acceleration is less than or equal to zero, no charge signal is generated on the PVDF piezoelectric film, and then the amplifier outputs a zero-voltage signal. Therefore, the output signal of the sensor only has a main response signal to the excitation acceleration from the base, and has no residual response signal caused by the excitation. When the sensor is excited by multiple semi-sinusoidal pulses, the output signal is a semi-sinusoidal pulse response signal with micro-hour time delay, and signal adhesion does not exist among the response signals.
The high-g-value linear acceleration sensor directly senses the acceleration of a measured projectile body, namely the centroid acceleration, on the basis of a linear function principle, does not respond to the structural vibration of the projectile body, solves the problem of adhesion of penetration acceleration signals caused by residual response of a conventional acceleration sensor in a multilayer penetration process, and simultaneously avoids the damage of sensitive elements under the action of ultrahigh impact force.
The high-g-value linear acceleration sensor is mainly applied to a multilayer penetration fuse, provides a smoother layer number identification signal for the fuse, overcomes the problem that the cut-off frequency of a filter and a signal discrimination threshold value need to be accurately set in advance when the traditional acceleration sensor is used for layer counting, reduces the real-time calculation workload of a fuse operation unit, and improves the accuracy of layer number identification.
The high-g-value linear acceleration sensor can also be applied to a penetration delay fuse with ultrahigh impact, provides a distinguishing signal of target identification and delay starting for the fuse, improves the survivability of the fuse in the ultrahigh impact environment, and reduces the design and production cost of the fuse.
The invention has the advantages that: the working principle of the sensor is changed from the design angle, the response signals of the sensor to multi-pulse excitation are smooth, the signals are not adhered to each other, the sensor is simple in structure, convenient to operate and small in size, and the sensor is very suitable for being used in penetration meter layer fuzes and penetration delay fuzes, but the piezoelectric sensor does not have zero-frequency response, so that the sensor is not suitable for being used in penetration meter fuzes.
The invention can bear 200000g of impact overload.
The advantages of the present invention can be seen by comparing fig. 4 and 5.
In order to verify the performance of the sensor, according to GB/T20485.22-2008, a back-to-back comparison method calibration system shown in FIG. 3 is adopted, and a comparison test is carried out on the sensor on a high-impact test bed.
The back-to-back comparison method calibration system is composed of a high impact test bed 7, a standard acceleration sensor 8, a high-speed data acquisition card 10 and a computer 11. The standard acceleration sensor 8 adopts a calibration-level piezoelectric acceleration sensor 2270 of the American ENDEVCO company, the measured height g value linear acceleration sensor 9 is an acceleration sensor designed by the invention, the measured height g acceleration sensor 9 and the standard acceleration sensor 8 are arranged on a high impact test bed 7 back to back, and the measured curve is shown in figure 6. It can be seen that the output of the high-g linear acceleration sensor 9 of the present invention has substantially no residual response.
The curve shown in fig. 7 is actually measured in a multilayer penetration process by a conventional acceleration sensor with pretightening force based on a second-order system principle, the curve shown in fig. 8 is obtained after being processed by a computer through MATLAB software with a powerful data processing function, and both the two groups of curves are obtained from a reference (penetration layer number identification method based on Choi-Williams distribution, explosion and impact, 2015,25(5): 758 and 762).
As can be seen from fig. 8, after the post data processing of the computer, even if penetration acceleration information of the projectile penetrating 8-layer target plate is obtained in the test signal, i.e. the acceleration signal with the peak value marked by a circle in the figure, residual response information exists, i.e. other signals between the two circled acceleration signals. Due to the existence of the residual response signals, when the distance between the two target plates is small, a serious signal adhesion phenomenon exists, such as a signal between 8-10 ms in fig. 7, and the signal can seriously influence the identification of the penetration fuze layer counting module on the number of target layers.
It is confirmed that if the sensor of the present invention is used, only the acceleration signal with the peak value marked by the circle in fig. 8 will be present in the penetration signal, and the rest of the response signal will be greatly reduced.
The invention changes the mode of action of the sensor because of the absence of the pretensioning element. The traditional acceleration sensor based on the second-order system principle can respond to the acceleration from the upper direction and the lower direction due to the existence of pretightening force, but the sensor only responds to the acceleration from one direction of the base, so that the adhesion of acceleration signals under the action of multiple continuous impacts is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a high g-value linear acceleration sensor;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent schematic circuit diagram of a post-amplifier of the high-g linear acceleration sensor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the alignment and calibration of a high-g linear acceleration sensor;
FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of output signals of a high-g-value linear acceleration sensor;
FIG. 5 is a simulation diagram of the output signal of the acceleration sensor based on a second-order system;
FIG. 6 is a graph of a high g-value linear acceleration sensor versus tester;
FIG. 7 is a multi-layer hard target penetration actual measurement curve diagram;
FIG. 8 is a graph of a multi-layer hard target penetration process.
In the figure, the device comprises a shell 1, a shell 2, an isolation pad 3, a mass block 4, a sensitive element 5, an adhesive layer 6, a base 7, a high impact test bed 8, a standard acceleration sensor 9, a high g-value linear acceleration sensor 10, a high-speed data acquisition card 11 and a computer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail by the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The high-g linear acceleration sensor shown in fig. 1 comprises a shell 1, an isolation pad 2, a mass block 3, a sensing element 4, an adhesive layer 5 and a base 6. The shell 1 and the base 6 are connected through threads to form a cavity, the isolating pad 2, the mass block 3 and the sensitive element 4 are arranged in the cavity from top to bottom, and the pre-tightening force exerted on the mass block 3 and the sensitive element 4 is zero (the mass block 3 is placed on the sensitive element 4).
The shell 1 is a cylindrical barrel with one closed end, and the open end is provided with internal threads.
The lower end part of the base 6 is provided with a connecting bolt for mounting a sensor; the upper end surface is provided with a cylindrical groove which is used for fixing the sensitive element 4 and is also used as a motion guide cylinder of the mass block 3; the side surface is provided with a flat wire outlet hole for leading out a signal wire; the outer wall of the groove is provided with external threads which can be butted with the internal threads of the shell 1.
The housing 1 and the base 6 are made of high-strength stainless steel.
The sensitive element 4 adopts a circular PVDF piezoelectric film with an electrode lead-out wire, is fixed on a base 6 by an adhesive 5, and a certain pre-pressure is applied by a special clamp in the bonding process.
The mass block 3 is designed to be a cylinder with an annular groove, the outer surface of the mass block is subjected to insulation oxidation treatment, the diameter of the mass block 3 is equal to that of the circular PVDF piezoelectric film, and in order to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, the mass block 3 is made of high-density tungsten alloy.
The insulating mat 2 needs to be previously adhered to the inner top plane of the housing 1 to play a role in adjusting assembly tolerance.
Fig. 1 and 2 jointly show the measuring principle of a high-g-value linear acceleration sensor. Because the sensor utilizes the principle of a linear function, the pretightening force borne by the sensitive element 4 is zero, no residual response exists in an output signal, a simulation output curve is shown in figure 4, and the output curve of the traditional acceleration sensor with the pretightening force based on the principle of a second-order system is shown in figure 5.
Claims (7)
1. A high-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on a film comprises a shell, an isolation pad, a mass block, a sensitive element and a base, wherein the sensitive element is adhered to the base; the sensing element is responsive to acceleration from only one direction of the base.
2. The thin film based high g-value linear acceleration sensor of claim 1 characterized in that the sensing element is a circular PVDF piezoelectric thin film.
3. The thin film based high g-value linear acceleration sensor of claim 1 characterized in that the mass is a cylinder with annular grooves, the cylinder diameter is equal to the diameter of the circular piezoelectric thin film.
4. The membrane-based high g-value linear acceleration sensor of claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made of an elastic insulating material to eliminate the axial gap between the housing and the mass.
5. The film-based linear acceleration sensor of high g-value according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor is a one-way acceleration sensor, i.e. the sensor is sensitive only to accelerations from the direction of the base and is not responsive to accelerations from the direction of the housing.
6. The film-based linear acceleration sensor of high g-value according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor is based on a linear function of one degree
Q is a charge signal which is generated by the mass block converting the acceleration applied to the base into pressure and acting on the piezoelectric film and is in direct proportion to the acceleration, mthe unit is kilogram, and the mass of the mass block is the unit of kilogram;d 33the piezoelectric constant of the PVDF piezoelectric film is shown, and a is the acceleration to which the base is subjected.
7. The film-based high-g-value linear acceleration sensor of claim 1, characterized in that the sensor can carry an impact overload of 200000 g.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111303693.8A CN114062715B (en) | 2021-11-05 | High-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111303693.8A CN114062715B (en) | 2021-11-05 | High-g-value linear acceleration sensor based on film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114062715A true CN114062715A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
| CN114062715B CN114062715B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2556648Y (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-06-18 | 北京理工大学 | Piezoelectric film acceleration sensor for high impact overload detecting and controlling |
| CN103675341A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Piezoelectric acceleration sensor |
| US20210011051A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-14 | FATRI (Xiamen) Technologies, Co., Ltd. | Piezoelectric acceleration sensor |
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2556648Y (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-06-18 | 北京理工大学 | Piezoelectric film acceleration sensor for high impact overload detecting and controlling |
| CN103675341A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Piezoelectric acceleration sensor |
| US20210011051A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-14 | FATRI (Xiamen) Technologies, Co., Ltd. | Piezoelectric acceleration sensor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈昌鑫;马铁华;靳鸿;王燕;: "甘油质量块加速度传感器减小应力波影响分析", 仪表技术与传感器, no. 09, 15 September 2018 (2018-09-15) * |
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