CN114062309B - Double-parameter sensing system based on near-infrared band double-peak PCF concentration and magnetic field - Google Patents
Double-parameter sensing system based on near-infrared band double-peak PCF concentration and magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a near infrared band-based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system, which comprises a light source, a single-mode fiber, a sensing unit, a spectrum analyzer, a photoelectric converter, a signal processing module and a computer. The concentration and magnetic field are detected by the distance between two formants of a photonic crystal fiber with a special structure by utilizing the surface plasmon resonance principle, and the result is displayed in a computer. The invention replaces the traditional calculation method of wavelength sensitivity by the double-peak sensitivity formula, and the novel sensing device provided by the invention adopts the double-peak sensitivity sensing method, has the advantages of high sensitivity, flexible design, compact structure, strong stability and the like, and has higher value in the actual use of biological analyte detection, water pollution monitoring and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a near-infrared band-based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system.
Background
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) exists between a metal and a medium (or air), and Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPP) are excited by using total reflection evanescent waves. The SPR sensing technology has become a multifunctional tool for monitoring the refractive index of analytes, filtering light with specific frequency and detecting the formation of nano biological films because of the characteristics of high sensitivity, no background interference, no label of samples, no need of further purification, real-time rapid detection and the like. In recent years, the concept of SPR sensors based on Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) has been proposed. The photonic crystal fiber is characterized by flexibility in its design, so that chromatic dispersion, birefringence, nonlinearity, etc. can be tailored by different arrangements of air holes. These aspects make photonic crystal fibers particularly attractive in many fields and have wide applications in the fields of gas-based nonlinear optics, atomic and particle guidance, ultra-high nonlinearity, rare earth doped lasers, and sensing. The PCF-SPR sensor can realize perfect matching of a plasma mode and a fundamental mode, because the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode can be designed to be between zero and the refractive index of a core material, and the PCF-SPR sensor has high sensitivity and resolution in the aspect of refractive index detection. The defects of large volume, high transmission loss and low sensitivity of the SPR sensor based on the prism and the traditional optical fiber are overcome. The structures of PCF-SPR sensors are numerous at present.
An SPR-based PCF magnetic field sensor is proposed by H.M. Huang et al (A Highly Magnetic Field Sensitive Photonic Crystal Fiber Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance,2020, sensors (Basel) 20 (18)), employing metallic gold as the SPR excitation material, with air holes arranged in a square, forming two cores A and B to transmit light; however, the magnetic fluid material adopts a mode of filling air holes, and the air holes are nano-scale, so that great difficulty is brought to manufacturing; a magnetic field sensor based on magnetic fluid selective filling photonic crystal Fiber is proposed by W.X.Zhang et al (Analysis of a magnetic field sensor based on photonic crystal Fiber selectively infiltrated with magnetic fluid optical Fiber Technology 46:43-47.) and consists of three layers of air holes which are arranged in a regular hexagonal lattice and are also selected to be filled with magnetic fluid materials in the air, so that the manufacturing difficulty is increased; the change of the concentration of the liquid to be measured can cause the change of the refractive index of the liquid to be measured, thereby affecting the shift of the resonance loss spectrum; chen et al (N.Chen, M.Chang, X.L.Lu, J.Zhou and X.D.Zhang, numerical Analysis of Midinfrared D-shaped photo-Crystal-Fiber Sensor based on Surface-plasma-Resonance Effect for Environmental Monitoring, applied Sciences,2020,10 (11): 3897) propose a SPR effect based D-PCF refractive index sensor operating in the near infrared band (2.9-3.6 μm) for environmental monitoring, analyte in direct contact with the gold layer and surrounding the entire D-PCF instead of just touching the polished surface, the cladding material is silicon, the three-layer pores in the cladding are arranged in a hexagonal lattice; m. Sakib et al (M.N.Sakib, M.B.Hossain, K.F.Al-taba, I.M.Mehedi, M.T.Hasan, M.A.Hossain, I.S.Amiri, high Performance Dual Core D-Shape PCF-SPR Sensor Modeling Employing Gold Coat, results in physics,2019, 15:102788) propose a D-PCF-SPR sensor employing a gold coating, a solid dual core, with an analyte refractive index in the range of 1.45-1.48, two solid cores symmetrical with the y-axis, a dual core energy coupling with the metal layer being difficult, and a narrow detection range being applicable; S.Singh et al (S.Singh, Y).Prajapanati, highly sensitive refractive index sensor based on D-shaped PCF with gold-graphene layers on the polished surface, applied Physics A,2019, 125:437) proposes a D-PCF refractive index sensor with gold and graphene layers coated on the polished surface, two large air holes are placed in the x-direction of the solid fiber core, and the limiting loss spectrum when coupling of polarized light in the x-direction occurs is studied; shen Tao et al (Shen Tao, wang Shaofeng, zhang Zhiwen, liang Han, yang Tianyu, song Ming, wang Dongxing) disclose a D-type PCF sensing device capable of detecting temperature, coated with Ag and Ta 2 O 5 Thin films, the sensitivity of which is detected by wavelength drift.
The detection methods of PCF-SPR disclosed above are all based on a certain coupling mode, and detect the resonance wavelength of a single loss peak and the drift change thereof. However, PCF-SPR sensors have multiple coupling simultaneously, and it is difficult to detect the peak value of only one coupling mode, and the PCF-SPR sensor is unstable. Because there is a problem in practical use that resonance wavelength fluctuation of the constraint loss peak and the constraint loss peak corresponding to a specific coupling mode cannot be distinguished, which results in undetectable, the Ying Guo et al propose (Ying Guo, jianshe Li, xinyu Wang, shuhuan Zhang, yundong Liu, jie Wang, shun Wang, xiaojian Meng, rui Hao, shuguang Li, highly sensitive sensor based on D-shaped microstructure fiber with hollow core, optics and Laser Technology 123 (2020) 105922) bimodal detection photonic crystal fiber sensors that detect wavelength drift amounts of two peaks respectively while possessing two sensitivities, but have no distinction in detection method from the above-mentioned unimodal photonic crystal fiber sensors. The Gongli Xiao et al propose (Gongli Xiao, zetao Ou, hongyan Yang, yanping Xu, jianyun Chen, haiou Li, qi Li, lizhen Zeng, yanron Den and Jianqing Li, an Integrated Detection Based on a Multi-Parameter Plasmonic Optical Fiber Sensor, sensors 2021,21,803) dual-mode detection dual-parameter photonic crystal fiber sensor, wherein two parameters are detected simultaneously through loss peaks in two coupling modes, and the refractive index and sensitivity of a detected object are judged according to the resonance wavelength and the resonance wavelength drift amount of a single peak, so that the stability is lower. The PCF-SPR sensor is essentially different from the method for judging the state of an analyte and calculating the sensitivity, and the high-sensitivity sensor which is proposed at present is limited by the performance of a spectrometer, so that most PCF-SPR sensors only exist in a simulation theory at present, and the actual manufacturing effect is poor. It is important to propose a new and practical PCF structure and detection method operating in the near-infrared band.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a double-parameter sensing system based on near-infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field, and provides a novel method for judging the state of an analyte (comprising refractive index, magnetic field or concentration) and a stable sensitivity calculation method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the technical scheme is as follows: double-parameter sensing system based on near-infrared band double-peak PCF concentration and magnetic field, and is characterized in that: the device consists of a light source (1), a single-mode fiber (2), a sensing unit (3), a sensing unit (4), a spectrum analyzer (5), a photoelectric converter (6), a signal processing module (7) and a computer (8);
further, the sensing unit (3) is a photonic crystal fiber (3-1); the device consists of a cladding (3-2), a silver film (3-6) and an analysis solution (3-7), wherein the cladding (3-2) comprises 10 circular air holes (3-3), 12 circular air holes (3-4) and 3 circular air holes (3-5); the method is characterized in that: the air holes (3-3) are symmetrically arranged about the y-axis of the optical fiber; the air hole (3-4) is positioned between the air hole (3-3) and the air hole (3-5); the air holes (3-5) are positioned at the innermost layer of the cladding (3-2) and are arranged in a triangle shape; the silver film (3-6) is arranged at the junction of the cladding (3-2) and the analysis liquid (3-7);
further, the sensing unit (3) is characterized in that: the air hole spacing lambda in the cladding (3-2) is 2 mu m, the diameter of the cladding (3-2) is 15 mu m, the diameter of the air hole (3-3) is 1.5 mu m, the diameter of the air hole (3-4) is 0.6 mu m, and the diameter of the air hole (3-5) is 2 mu m; the thickness of the silver film (3-6) is 40nm;
further, the sensing unit (4) is a photonic crystal fiber (4-1); the device consists of a cladding layer (3-2), a silver film (4-5), a graphene layer (4-6) and an analysis solution (4-4); wherein the cladding (3-2) is composed of 8 circular air holes (4-2) and 7 circular air holes (4-3); the method is characterized in that: the photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is symmetrical about the y-axis; the air holes (4-2) are arranged in a semi-hexagonal shape on the outermost layer of the optical fiber, the air holes (4-3) on the inner layer are arranged in a hexagonal shape, and the middle part of the air holes is an optical fiber core part;
further, the sensing unit (4) is characterized in that: the air hole spacing Λ of the photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is 1.5 mu m, the diameter of the photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is 6 mu m, the diameter of the air hole (4-2) is 0.9 mu m, the diameter of the air hole (4-3) is 0.8 mu m, the thickness of the silver film (4-5) is 30nm, the thickness of the graphene layer (4-6) is 1.0nm, and the number of layers is 3; the substrate material of the photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is fused quartz, and the refractive index of the substrate material is defined by a Sellmeier formula:
where λ is the wavelength of the light wave, parameter a 1 ＝0.6961663，a 2 ＝0.4079426，a 3 ＝0.8974794，b 1 ＝0.0684043um，b 2 ＝0.1162414um，b 3 = 9.896161um, so the chromatic dispersion of PCF transmission mode can be calculated;
further, a stacking-drawing technology is adopted to prepare a photonic crystal fiber (3-1) and a photonic crystal fiber (4-1), the lengths of the photonic crystal fiber (3-1) and the photonic crystal fiber (4-1) are 20mm, and the silver film (3-6) can be obtained by utilizing a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method;
the stacking-wire drawing technology comprises the following steps: firstly, preprocessing a quartz sleeve, drawing a capillary tube according to parameters in an ultra-clean environment, drawing the capillary tube at 1900-2000 ℃, then carrying out tapered hole sealing on two ends of the capillary tube by oxyhydrogen flame, stacking the capillary tube in the quartz sleeve according to design requirements to form a required structure, filling a gap by a pure quartz rod, sintering the quartz sleeve and the capillary tube together by using oxy-alkyne flame, and preparing the photonic crystal fiber on a wire drawing tower by using a two-time wire drawing technology;
further, the analysis liquid (3-7)For the liquid to be measured, the change of the concentration of the liquid to be measured changes the refractive index of the liquid to be measured, the analysis liquid (4-4) is Magnetic Fluid (MFs), and the type of the magnetic fluid is water-based Fe 3 O 4 The magnetic fluid is prepared by adopting a dispergation method, and the process is that ferric salt or ferrous salt generates Fe under the chemical action 3 O 4 Or Fe (Fe) 2 O 3 Then adding a dispersing agent and a carrier, stirring to enable magnetic particles to be adsorbed in the dispersing agent and the carrier, and finally separating colloid from solution after heating to obtain magnetic fluid, wherein the change of magnetic field intensity (H) can change the refractive index (MFs), so that the aim of double-parameter measurement is fulfilled; the refractive index of MFs obeys the Langevin function:
wherein n is m Is the maximum refractive index value achievable by water-based ferroferric oxide Magnetic Fluids (MFs), ni is the original refractive index of the external magnetic field, H c,n Is critical magnetic field strength, alpha MF Is a set parameter, n represents the value of the refractive index of the water-based ferroferric oxide Magnetic Fluid (MFs) which changes along with the change of the external magnetic field intensity, H is the magnetic field intensity, and T is the temperature; the change in the magnetic field changes the refractive index of the water-based ferroferric oxide fluids (MFs);
further, the near-infrared band-based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system is characterized in that: the light source (1) transmits light signals to the sensing unit (3) and the sensing unit (4) through the single-mode fiber (2), the sensing unit (3) and the sensing unit (4) output to the spectrum analyzer (5) and the photoelectric converter (6), the photoelectric converter (6) converts the light signals into electric signals to output to the signal processing module (7), and finally the electric signals are displayed in the computer (8);
further, the light source (1) outputs an optical signal with a wave band of 750-2000 nm;
further, the optical signal is transmitted to the sensing unit (3) and the sensing unit (4) through the single-mode optical fiber (2), and the optical signal sensor is characterized in that: the wave vector of the plasma excited by the surfaces of the silver film (3-6) and the silver film (4-5) and the wave vector of the incident light field reach phase matching in a specific wavelength range, and two coupling occurs, so that two resonance loss peaks appear; surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is very sensitive to medium environment, and the change of refractive index RI of the analysis liquid (3-7) or the analysis liquid (4-4) can change the resonance condition, so that two resonance loss peaks are obviously changed, and high-sensitivity and real-time detection can be realized;
further, the near-infrared band-based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system is characterized in that: the light source (1) emits light signals, the light signals are transmitted to the sensing unit (3) and the sensing unit (4) through the single-mode optical fiber (2), when the refractive index of the analysis liquid (3-7) or the analysis liquid (4-4) is changed, the condition of the plasma resonance phenomenon of the photonic crystal optical fiber (3-1) or the photonic crystal optical fiber (4-1) is changed, the two coupling modes are changed, and the distance delta lambda of two peaks displayed in the spectrum analyzer (5) is changed peak A significant change occurs, as the refractive index of the analyte (3-7) or the analyte (4-4) increases, the distance between the two peaks decreases, and as the refractive index of the analyte (3-7) or the analyte (4-4) decreases, the distance between the two peaks increases. The sensitivity is calculated by a bimodal sensitivity formula.
The bimodal sensitivity formula is:
s＝(Δλ peak2 -Δλ peak1 )/Δn a (3)
in the formula delta lambda peak Is the wavelength difference of two loss peaks under the same refractive index, delta n a Delta lambda as concentration/field variation peak2 -Δλ peak1 The difference between the wavelength distances of two peaks in two different concentrations and magnetic field states, s is the sensitivity of the double peak. Wherein Deltalambda peak The size of the sensor corresponds to the concentration and the magnetic field state of the sensing unit (3) or the sensing unit (4); the sensor unit (3) or the sensor unit (4) will carry Deltalambda peak The optical signals of the values are transmitted to a photoelectric converter (6), the photoelectric converter (6) converts the optical signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to a signal processing module (7), and finally, information of the analysis liquid (3-7) or the analysis liquid (4-4) is displayed in a computer (8);
further, the near-infrared band-based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system is characterized in that: when measuring magnetic field and concentration simultaneously, the following formula is needed to calculate:
Δλ in formula (4) 1 For the change in the distance between the two peaks after the change in concentration, Δλ 2 For the change in the distance between the two peaks after the concentration change, S n And S is B Sensitivity, Δλ, of concentration and magnetic field, respectively peak2 -Δλ peak1 The difference between the wavelength distances of two peaks in two different concentration and magnetic field states is delta n and delta B, which are the variation of the concentration and the magnetic field respectively, and the variation of the concentration and the magnetic field can be obtained from the formula (5).
The structure is as follows: based on the near infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double parameter sensing system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the double-parameter sensing system based on the near-infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and the magnetic field has special structure, greatly increases the birefringence characteristic and the dispersion characteristic, is favorable for maintaining the polarization state, and can be widely applied to the fields of polarization control, precise optical fiber sensing and the like.
2. The double-parameter sensing system based on the near-infrared band double-peak PCF concentration and the magnetic field provided by the invention has two constraint loss peaks, and the problem of poor sensitivity measurement precision and poor actual test effect of the traditional PCF-SPR sensor is solved by calculating the double-peak sensitivity formula provided by the invention, so that the stability of the measuring system is improved.
3. The working wavelength of the double-parameter sensing system based on the near-infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and the magnetic field is positioned in the near-infrared band, so that the interference of external environment light to the sensor can be ignored.
4. The near-infrared band based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system adopts silver as an SPR excitation material and adopts a liquid to be detected and Magnetic Fluid (MFs) as an analysis liquid, so that double-parameter measurement of concentration and magnetic field can be realized, the maximum sensitivity is 1.5nm/oe, and the system can be widely applied to the fields of sample detection, such as life science research, biochemistry, environmental monitoring and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a device for providing a dual-parameter sensing system based on near infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field.
Fig. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of a sensing unit of the dual-parameter sensing system based on the near-infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and the magnetic field.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the coupling of the near infrared band based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field dual parameter sensing system.
FIG. 5 is a graph of peak loss values for a dual-parameter sensing system based on near infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field.
Detailed Description
The following describes a specific embodiment of the near infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field based dual parameter sensing system provided by the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a device diagram based on a near infrared band double-coupling photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensing method, a light source (1) emits light signals to a sensing unit (3) and a sensing unit (4) through a single-mode fiber (2), when the light is transmitted to a silver film (3-6) or a silver film (4-5), two constraint loss peaks appear due to the fact that the refractive indexes of an analysis solution (3-7) or an analysis solution (4-4) are inconsistent, and a surface plasmon phenomenon occurs at the silver film (3-6) or the silver film (4-5). The sensing unit (3) or the sensing unit (4) outputs to the spectrum analyzer (5) and the photoelectric converter (6), the photoelectric converter (6) converts the optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the signal processing module (7), and finally the electric signal is displayed in the computer (8);
as shown in fig. 2, a cross-sectional view of a sensing unit based on a near-infrared band double-coupling photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensing method is provided, and the sensing unit (3) is a photonic crystal fiber (3-1); the device consists of a cladding (3-2), a silver film (3-6) and an analysis solution (3-7), wherein the cladding (3-2) comprises 10 circular air holes (3-3), 12 circular air holes (3-4) and 3 circular air holes (3-5); the method is characterized in that: the air holes (3-3) are symmetrically arranged about the y-axis of the optical fiber; the air hole (3-4) is positioned between the air hole (3-3) and the air hole (3-5); the air holes (3-5) are positioned at the innermost layer of the cladding (3-2) and are arranged in a triangle shape; the air hole influences the mode property, light can be controlled in the fiber core, a silver film (3-6) is arranged at the junction of the cladding (3-2) and the analysis liquid (3-7), when an optical signal is transmitted to the photonic crystal fiber (3-1), the existence of the silver film (3-6) causes the occurrence of surface plasma resonance phenomenon, so that high-sensitivity detection is realized;
as shown in fig. 3, a cross-sectional view of a sensing unit based on a near-infrared band double-coupling photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensing method is provided, and the sensing unit (4) is a photonic crystal fiber (4-1); the device consists of a cladding layer (3-2), a silver film (4-5), a graphene layer (4-6) and an analysis solution (4-4); wherein the cladding (3-2) is composed of 8 circular air holes (4-2) and 7 circular air holes (4-3); the method is characterized in that: the photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is symmetrical about the y-axis; the air holes (4-3) are arranged in a hexagonal shape at the innermost layer of the photonic crystal fiber (4-1); the air holes influence the mode property, light can be controlled in the fiber core, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be improved by using the graphene layers (4-6), so that high-sensitivity detection is realized;
as shown in FIG. 4, the present invention provides a two-time coupling diagram of a two-time coupling photonic crystal fiber, and when the working wavelength is 1200-2000nm, the present sensing system can detect two constraint loss peaks, and the two-time coupling of the fiber core and the silver film (3-6) or the silver film (4-5) occurs.
As shown in FIG. 5, the peak loss diagrams of different analyte concentrations and different magnetic field intensities provided by the invention show that when the working wavelength is 1100nm-2000nm, the different magnetic field intensities and the different analyte concentrations can cause the intensity of resonance coupling and the matching phase, thereby achieving the purpose of double-parameter measurement.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
the method for sensing the refractive index of the near-infrared band double-coupling photonic crystal fiber and the measuring system detect the concentration of seawater and the magnetic field; the sensing unit is placed in the seawater, and the concentration and magnetic field of the seawater influence the sensingThe refractive index of the analysis liquid of the unit is based on the surface plasma resonance principle, two resonance loss peaks can appear in the device, and the distance delta lambda between the two loss peaks is used for peak And the formulas (3), (4) and (5) are calculated, so that the magnetic field and the concentration of the seawater can be calculated, and finally, the magnetic field and the concentration are displayed at a computer.
Claims (1)
1. Double-parameter sensing system based on near-infrared band double-peak PCF concentration and magnetic field, and is characterized in that: the device consists of a light source (1), a single-mode fiber (2), a first sensing unit (3), a second sensing unit (4), a spectrum analyzer (5), a photoelectric converter (6), a signal processing module (7) and a computer (8);
the first sensing unit (3) is a first photonic crystal fiber (3-1); the device comprises a first cladding, a first silver film (3-6) and a first analysis solution (3-7), wherein the first cladding comprises 10 first circular air holes (3-3), 12 second circular air holes (3-4) and 3 third circular air holes (3-5); the first circular air holes (3-3) are symmetrically arranged about the y-axis of the optical fiber; the second circular air hole (3-4) is positioned between the first circular air hole (3-3) and the third circular air hole (3-5); the third round air holes (3-5) are positioned at the innermost layer of the first cladding and are arranged in a triangle shape; a first silver film (3-6) is arranged at the junction of the first cladding and the first analysis liquid (3-7);
the first sensing unit (3) is characterized in that the air hole pitch lambda in the first cladding is 2 mu m, the diameter of the first cladding is 15 mu m, the diameter of the first round air hole (3-3) is 1.5 mu m, the diameter of the second round air hole (3-4) is 0.6 mu m, and the diameter of the third round air hole (3-5) is 2 mu m; the thickness of the first silver film (3-6) is 40nm;
the second sensing unit (4) is a second photonic crystal fiber (4-1); the device consists of a second cladding layer, a second silver film (4-5), a graphene layer (4-6) and a second analysis solution (4-4); wherein the second cladding layer is composed of 8 fourth round air holes (4-2) and 7 fifth round air holes (4-3); the fourth circular air hole (4-2) and the fifth circular air hole (4-3) are symmetrically arranged about the y-axis of the optical fiber; the fourth round air holes (4-2) are arranged in a semi-hexagonal shape on the outermost layer of the optical fiber, the fifth round air holes (4-3) on the inner layer are arranged in a hexagonal shape, and the middle part of the fifth round air holes is an optical fiber core part; the second sensing unit (4), the air hole spacing lambda of the second photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is 1.5 mu m, the diameter of the second photonic crystal fiber (4-1) is 6 mu m, the diameter of the fourth round air hole (4-2) is 0.9 mu m, the diameter of the fifth round air hole (4-3) is 0.8 mu m, the thickness of the second silver film (4-5) is 30nm, the thickness of the graphene layer (4-6) is 1.0nm, and the number of graphene layers is 3; the cladding material is fused quartz, and the refractive index of the cladding material is defined by a Sellmeier formula;
where λ is the wavelength of the light wave, parameter a 1 ＝0.6961663，a 2 ＝0.4079426，a 3 ＝0.8974794，b 1 ＝0.0684043um，b 2 ＝0.1162414um，b 3 = 9.896161um, so the chromatic dispersion of PCF transmission mode can be calculated;
the first silver film (3-6) and the second silver film (4-5) are coated by using a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method; the first photonic crystal fiber (3-1) and the second photonic crystal fiber (4-1) are prepared by adopting a stacking-drawing technology, the lengths of the first photonic crystal fiber (3-1) and the second photonic crystal fiber (4-1) are 20mm, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preprocessing a quartz sleeve, drawing a capillary tube according to parameters in an ultra-clean environment, drawing the capillary tube at 1900-2000 ℃, then carrying out tapered hole sealing on two ends of the capillary tube by oxyhydrogen flame, stacking the capillary tube in the quartz sleeve according to design requirements to form a required structure, filling a gap by a pure quartz rod, sintering the quartz sleeve and the capillary tube together by using oxy-alkyne flame, and preparing the photonic crystal fiber on a wire drawing tower by using a two-time wire drawing technology;
the first analysis liquid (3-7) is the liquid to be detected, the change of the concentration of the liquid to be detected can change the refractive index of the liquid to be detected, thereby influencing the offset of the formants, the second analysis liquid (4-4) is Magnetic Fluid (MFs), the type of the magnetic fluid is water-based ferroferric oxide fluid (MFs), the magnetic fluid is prepared by adopting a dispergation method, and the process is that ferric salt or ferrous salt generates Fe under the chemical action 3 O 4 Or Fe (Fe) 2 O 3 Then adding a dispersing agent and a carrier, stirring to enable magnetic particles to be adsorbed in the dispersing agent and the carrier, and finally separating colloid from solution after heating to obtain magnetic fluid, wherein the change of magnetic field strength (H) can change the refractive index of the Magnetic Fluid (MFs), so that the aim of double-parameter measurement can be achieved; the refractive index of Magnetic Fluids (MFs) obeys the Langevin function:
wherein n is m Is the maximum refractive index value achievable by water-based ferroferric oxide Magnetic Fluids (MFs), ni is the original refractive index of the external magnetic field, H c,n Is the critical magnetic field strength, n MF A value representing the change of refractive index of a water-based ferroferric oxide Magnetic Fluid (MFs) with the change of external magnetic field intensity, H is magnetic field intensity, and T is temperature; the change in the magnetic field changes the refractive index of the water-based ferroferric oxide fluids (MFs);
the light source (1) outputs light signals with the wave band of 750-2000 nm;
the double-parameter sensing system based on the near-infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and the magnetic field is characterized in that a light source (1) emits light signals, the light signals are transmitted to a first sensing unit (3) and a second sensing unit (4) through a single-mode fiber (2), the first sensing unit (3) and the second sensing unit (4) are output to a spectrum analyzer (5) and a photoelectric converter (6), the photoelectric converter (6) converts the light signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to a signal processing module (7), and finally the electric signals are displayed in a computer (8);
the optical signals are transmitted to a first sensing unit (3) and a second sensing unit (4) through a single-mode optical fiber (2), the wave vectors of plasma waves excited by the surfaces of the first silver film (3-6) and the second silver film (4-5) are matched with the wave vectors of an incident optical field in a specific wavelength range, energy coupling occurs twice, and two resonance loss peaks appear; surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is very sensitive to medium environment, and the change of refractive index RI of a first analysis liquid (3-7) and a second analysis liquid (4-4) can change resonance conditions, so that two resonance loss peaks are obviously changed, and high-sensitivity and real-time detection can be realized;
the double-parameter sensing system based on the near infrared band bimodal PCF concentration and the magnetic field transmits an optical signal from a light source (1) to a first sensing unit (3) and a second sensing unit (4) through a single-mode optical fiber (2), when the refractive indexes of a first analysis liquid (3-7) and a second analysis liquid (4-4) are changed, the conditions of the plasma resonance phenomena of the first photonic crystal fiber (3-1) and the second photonic crystal fiber (4-1) are changed, the two coupling modes are changed, and the distance delta lambda of two peaks displayed in a spectrum analyzer (5) is changed peak A significant change occurs, the distance of the two peaks decreases when the refractive index of the first analyte (3-7) or the second analyte (4-4) increases, and the distance of the two peaks increases when the refractive index of the first analyte (3-7) or the second analyte (4-4) decreases; calculating the sensitivity through a bimodal sensitivity formula; the bimodal sensitivity formula is:
s＝(Δλ peak2 -Δλ peak1 )/Δn a (3)
in the formula delta lambda peak Is the wavelength difference of two loss peaks under the same refractive index, delta n a Delta lambda is the amount of change in concentration/magnetic field peak2 -Δλ peak1 The difference value of wavelength distances of two peaks in two different concentrations and magnetic field states is s, and the sensitivity of the two peaks is bimodal; wherein Deltalambda peak The size of the sensor corresponds to the concentration and the magnetic field state of the first sensing unit (3) and the second sensing unit (4); the first sensor unit (3) or the second sensor unit (4) will carry Deltalambda peak The optical signals of the values are transmitted to a photoelectric converter (6), the photoelectric converter (6) converts the optical signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to a signal processing module (7), and finally, information of the first analysis liquid (3-7) and the second analysis liquid (4-4) is displayed in a computer (8);
the near-infrared band-based bimodal PCF concentration and magnetic field double-parameter sensing system needs to be calculated by the following formula when simultaneously measuring the magnetic field and the concentration:
Δλ in formula (4) 1 Delta lambda for the concentration and the amount of change in the separation between the peaks before the change in magnetic field 2 For the change of the distance between two peaks after the concentration and the magnetic field are changed, S n And S is equal to B Sensitivity, Δλ, of concentration and magnetic field, respectively peak2 -Δλ peak1 The difference between the wavelength distances of two peaks in two different concentration and magnetic field states is delta n and delta B, which are the variation of the concentration and the magnetic field respectively, and the variation of the concentration and the magnetic field can be obtained from the formula (5).
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