CN114059949A - Horizontal well deflecting section pumping liquid displacement control method - Google Patents

Horizontal well deflecting section pumping liquid displacement control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114059949A
CN114059949A CN202111611657.8A CN202111611657A CN114059949A CN 114059949 A CN114059949 A CN 114059949A CN 202111611657 A CN202111611657 A CN 202111611657A CN 114059949 A CN114059949 A CN 114059949A
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Prior art keywords
displacement
gun string
parameters
pumping liquid
pumping
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CN202111611657.8A
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焦国盈
王均
徐家年
李孟昕
常帅友
张瑞雪
王阳
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202111611657.8A priority Critical patent/CN114059949A/en
Priority to ZA2022/00423A priority patent/ZA202200423B/en
Publication of CN114059949A publication Critical patent/CN114059949A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/08—Introducing or running tools by fluid pressure, e.g. through-the-flow-line tool systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E21B44/06—Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the flow or pressure of the motive fluid of the drive

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of a deflecting section of a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps: determining well parameters, gun string parameters and pumping liquid property parameters; inputting the parameters into a control module; in the construction process, a data acquisition module arranged on the gun string acquires the cable descending speed, the gun string position, the gun string speed and the pumping liquid discharge capacity; determining the critical displacement of the pumping liquid; comparing the collected pumping liquid displacement with the critical displacement; if the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is smaller than the critical displacement, the displacement of the pumping fluid is increased through the control system; if the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is much greater than the critical displacement, the pumping fluid displacement is appropriately reduced by the control system; by acquiring gun string operation parameters in real time, calculating critical displacement in real time and controlling construction displacement in real time, the construction displacement is kept in a proper range, and the perforating gun string is ensured to smoothly pass through the deflecting section. The invention controls the construction parameters in real time, ensures the smooth construction, saves the construction cost and improves the operation benefit.

Description

Horizontal well deflecting section pumping liquid displacement control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of a deflecting section of a horizontal well.
Background
The unconventional oil and gas resources mainly comprise shale gas, dense oil and combustible ice, and the combustible ice is still in an early exploration stage, so the development of the unconventional oil and gas resources is mainly focused on the shale gas, the dense oil and the dense gas. The oil and gas reservoirs are poor in physical properties and low in natural well productivity, so that a horizontal well and staged fracturing exploitation technology is mostly adopted. The unconventional oil and gas horizontal well is usually formed by casing well cementation and then reconstruction of a reservoir by perforation and fracturing. During construction, firstly, a coiled tubing is put into a perforating gun to jet a tail section, then the tail section is fractured and transformed, then a perforating gun string (perforating gun and bridge plug) is connected below a cable and put into a well, pumping liquid is used for pushing the cable to a preset position, the bridge plug is seated, and then the perforating gun is withdrawn to a second section of perforating position for perforating. In the pumping stage, pumping fluid is required to push the perforating gun string to pass through the deflecting section of the horizontal well and advance to a preset position along the horizontal section, if the displacement of the pumping fluid is small, the perforating gun string cannot be pushed to smoothly pass through the deflecting section, even the gun string is clamped in the deflecting section, and the determination of the minimum displacement of the perforating gun string smoothly passing through the deflecting section becomes a primary problem. After the minimum displacement (critical displacement) is determined, as long as the construction displacement is not less than the critical displacement, the perforating gun string can smoothly pass through the deflecting section. Therefore, parameters such as speed, position and movement speed below the gun string need to be monitored in real time in the construction process, a critical displacement calculation model is input to calculate the critical displacement at the moment, the critical displacement is compared with the monitored actual displacement, and if the actual displacement is smaller than the critical displacement, the pumping displacement of the pumping liquid is increased through an automatic control system; and if the actual displacement is far larger than the critical displacement, automatically reducing the construction displacement. The construction discharge capacity is kept in a range slightly larger than the critical discharge capacity through real-time data acquisition, real-time calculation and real-time control, and the perforating gun string is ensured to smoothly pass through the deflecting segment. Currently, such systems and methods are still in the clear in terms of pumping perforations.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of a deflecting section of a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps:
(1) determining well parameters, gun string parameters and pumping liquid property parameters;
(2) inputting well parameters, gun string parameters and pumping liquid property parameters into a control module;
(3) in the construction process, a data acquisition module arranged on the gun string acquires the cable descending speed, the gun string position, the gun string speed and the pumping liquid discharge capacity;
(4) acquiring a cable descending speed, a gun string position and a gun string speed, inputting the acquired cable descending speed, the gun string position and the gun string speed into a control model, and determining the critical discharge capacity of the pumping liquid;
(5) comparing the collected pumping liquid displacement with the critical displacement;
(6) if the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is smaller than the critical displacement, the displacement of the pumping fluid is increased through the control system; if the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is much greater than the critical displacement, the pumping fluid displacement is appropriately reduced by the control system;
(7) by acquiring gun string operation parameters in real time, calculating critical displacement in real time and controlling construction displacement in real time, the construction displacement is kept in a proper range, and the perforating gun string is ensured to smoothly pass through the deflecting section.
Wherein, the well parameters in the step (1) comprise the well inclination angle and the orientation of the deflecting section; the gun string parameters include composition, geometric dimension, weight, and friction coefficient under lubrication conditions; the pumping liquid property parameters comprise density and viscosity.
The method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of the deflecting segment of the horizontal well fills the blank in the aspect of the method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of the deflecting segment during the pumping perforation of the horizontal well, can control construction parameters in real time on site, ensures the smooth construction, saves the construction cost and improves the operation benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gun string assembly of the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the force analysis of the gun string in the deflecting segment according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described by combining the embodiment.
The whole system consists of a data acquisition model on a gun string and a calculation and control module of a wellhead, well parameters (the inclination angle and the direction of a deflecting section), gun string parameters (the composition, the geometric dimension, the weight and the friction coefficient under a lubricating condition) and pumping liquid property parameters (the density and the viscosity) are input into the calculation and control module before construction, the data acquisition module acquires the cable descending speed, the gun string position, the gun string speed and the pumping liquid discharge capacity in real time during construction and inputs the parameters into the calculation and control module, and the calculation module adopts the following formula to calculate the critical discharge capacity:
aQmin1＝bvg+c (1)
wherein
Figure BDA0003435159220000021
Figure BDA0003435159220000022
Figure BDA0003435159220000023
In the formula:
Qmin1critical pumping displacement of deflecting well section, m3/min。
vg-the tube string advancing speed, m/s;
μl-viscosity of the pumped liquid, mPa · s.
L4Bridge plug length, m.
d4-bridge plug outer diameter, m;
d-inside diameter of the casing, m;
d1cable head outer diameter, m；
hi-perforating gun position well depth, m;
d2-the outer diameter of the perforating gun, the weighting bar, the magnetic locator, m;
L2-the perforating gun, weight bar, magnetic locator length, m;
d1-cable head outer diameter, m;
L1-cable head length, m;
d3-bridge plug tool outer diameter, m;
L3-bridge plug tool length, m;
rho-density of pumped liquid, kg/m3；
g-gravitational constant, 9.8N/kg;
v-total volume of gun string, m3；
m is the mass of the gun string, kg;
αj-jth well angle, °;
μagun string to wellbore friction factor, dimensionless;
F0-the tension on the cable of the 1 st analysis unit, N.
q-cable density, kg/m;
lj-the jth analysis unit cable length, m;
Pjk-wellhead pressure, N;
μcthe friction coefficient between the cable and the inner wall of the shaft is dimensionless.
After the critical displacement is calculated, the calculation module compares the relationship between the collected actual pumping displacement and the critical displacement. If the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is smaller than the critical displacement, the displacement of the pumping fluid is increased through the control system; if the actual displacement of pumped fluid is substantially greater than the critical displacement, the pumped fluid displacement is appropriately reduced by the control system. By acquiring gun string operation parameters in real time, calculating critical displacement in real time and controlling construction displacement in real time, the construction displacement is kept in a proper range, and the perforating gun string is ensured to smoothly pass through the deflecting section.
The combination of gun strings in a typical horizontal well pumping perforation is shown in figure 1. The perforating gun string mainly comprises a cable head, a weighting rod, a magnetic positioner, a perforating gun, a bridge plug tool and a bridge plug, wherein the weighting rod is a tool for ensuring that the gun string is smoothly put in a well in a vertical section, and the sizes of all components are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 perforating gun string size
Figure BDA0003435159220000031
Figure BDA0003435159220000041
The fit of the gun string to the sleeve is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 gun string and casing fitting dimension
Figure BDA0003435159220000042
The force of the perforating gun string on the deflecting section in the pumping process is shown in figure 2.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
(1) basic parameter
Example well deviation depth 3564.6m and vertical depth 2050.3 m. The adopted pumping liquid is clear water with the density of 998kg/m3The size of the casing is 121.36mm, the friction factor of the inner wall of the casing is 0.25, the viscosity of the pumping liquid is 0.9mPa · s, the density of a cable is 0.28kg/m, the friction factor of the cable and the inner wall of a well head is 0.2, the total length of the gun string is 12.38m, the mass is 370.7kg, and the sizes of construction tool equipment are shown in the following table, wherein the table comprises CCL, a point chuck, a conversion joint, a setting connection sleeve and other auxiliary equipment.
TABLE 3 construction perforating gun and casing and bridge plug tool size
Name (R) Outer diameter (m) Length (m) Mass (kg)
Cable head 0.036 0.63 1.5
Weighting rod 0.089 3.34 75.0
Perforation gun 0.089 1.82 78.0
Setting device 0.092 1.93 86.2
Bridge plug 0.11 1.33 20.6
Others 0.089 3.33 109.4
(2) Calculation results
And calculating the lowering speed of the cable at the inclination angle of 30 degrees of the deflecting section by using a deflecting section critical displacement calculation model, wherein the lowering speed of the cable is respectively 10m/min, 15m/min, 20m/min, 25m/min, 30m/min, 35m/min and 40m/min corresponding to the critical displacement. During construction, the actual displacement is required to be ensured not to be lower than the calculated critical displacement.
TABLE 4 Critical Displacement calculation results
Lowering speed of cable (m/min) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Critical displacement (m)3/min) 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.17 2.20 2.24 2.27
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. The method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of the deflecting section of the horizontal well is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) determining well parameters, gun string parameters and pumping liquid property parameters;
(2) inputting well parameters, gun string parameters and pumping liquid property parameters into a control module;
(3) in the construction process, a data acquisition module arranged on the gun string acquires the cable descending speed, the gun string position, the gun string speed and the pumping liquid discharge capacity;
(4) acquiring a cable descending speed, a gun string position and a gun string speed, inputting the acquired cable descending speed, the gun string position and the gun string speed into a control model, and determining the critical discharge capacity of the pumping liquid;
(5) comparing the collected pumping liquid displacement with the critical displacement;
(6) if the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is smaller than the critical displacement, the displacement of the pumping fluid is increased through the control system; if the actual displacement of the pumping fluid is much greater than the critical displacement, the pumping fluid displacement is appropriately reduced by the control system;
(7) by acquiring gun string operation parameters in real time, calculating critical displacement in real time and controlling construction displacement in real time, the construction displacement is kept in a proper range, and the perforating gun string is ensured to smoothly pass through the deflecting section.
2. The method for controlling the pumping liquid displacement of the deflecting segment of the horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the well parameters in the step (1) comprise the well inclination angle and the azimuth of the deflecting segment; the gun string parameters include composition, geometric dimension, weight, and friction coefficient under lubrication conditions; the pumping liquid property parameters comprise density and viscosity.
CN202111611657.8A 2021-12-27 2021-12-27 Horizontal well deflecting section pumping liquid displacement control method Pending CN114059949A (en)

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ZA2022/00423A ZA202200423B (en) 2021-12-27 2022-01-10 Control method for pumping liquid displacement of deflecting section of horizontal well

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109138983A (en) * 2018-07-20 2019-01-04 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pump displacement calculation method and its device, computer storage medium
CN111485859A (en) * 2020-04-23 2020-08-04 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Horizontal segment upwarping oil-gas well bridge-shooting combined operation method based on underground tensiometer
US20210262303A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and Apparatus to Automate Pump-Down Operation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109138983A (en) * 2018-07-20 2019-01-04 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pump displacement calculation method and its device, computer storage medium
US20210262303A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method and Apparatus to Automate Pump-Down Operation
CN111485859A (en) * 2020-04-23 2020-08-04 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Horizontal segment upwarping oil-gas well bridge-shooting combined operation method based on underground tensiometer

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
朱相慧: "水平井泵送射孔技术研究" *
朱秀星;薛世峰;仝兴华;: "水平井射孔与桥塞联作管串泵送参数控制方法" *
朱秀星;薛世峰;仝兴华;张林;: "非常规水平井多簇射孔与分段压裂联作管串泵入控制模型" *
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Application publication date: 20220218