CN108104795A - A kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk - Google Patents
A kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
- E21B12/02—Wear indicators
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Abstract
The invention belongs to oil/gas well shaft building security fields, and in particular to a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk.It is characterized in that:First by calculating the maximum lateral force chosen between tool joint and casing, using equation for drilling rate, determine wearing- in period, ask for the wear area and depth of casing;Then casing residue internal pressure strength and remaining collapsoing strength is obtained, calculates the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing and remaining anti-crowded safety coefficient, according to the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of obtained casing and remaining anti-crowded safety coefficient division risk class;Finally determine casing wear situation according to risk class and carry out real-time early warning.The advantages of invention, is:Can wearing depth of the casing at abrasion greatest risk position be calculated according to well track;Pre-Evaluation can be carried out to currently having bored and having treated the wear extent of bored borehole middle sleeve, casing pipe protection measure is taken convenient for the later stage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil/gas well shaft building security fields, and in particular to a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk.
Background technology
In the drilling process such as deep-well, ultradeep well, high angle hole, horizontal well, exposed day by day goes out casing wear problem.Abrasion
Casing wall thickness can be thinned, casing deformation can be caused under certain condition, is even destroyed, in reducing collapse resistance and resisting
Compressive Strength reduces casing and resists crowded measuring body safety coefficient, so that it cannot be guaranteed that subsequent job production safety.
At present, patent of invention " a kind of abrasion of petroleum casing pipe automatic checkout system " (application publication number:CN 101603418
A) by real-time watch device, magnetic abrasive dust amount is collected and analyzed in circulating fluid to detect casing wear situation.And drilling well
In the process, the degree of wear most serious of casing and drilling rod contact stress maximum is the dangerous spot that wear out failure occurs at this, but
The system can not determine the position of drilling rod and casing-contact stress maximum, equally can only assess drilling depth well section set according to abrasive dust amount
The abrasion total amount of pipe, it is impossible to identify the dangerous spot of abrasion, fail accurately to instruct drillng operation safely.It is another to have invention specially
Sharp " estimation casing wear " (application publication number:105473807 A of CN) it is captured by using video camera in drilling well on mud vibrating screen
Drilling cuttings and casing abrasive particle image, and identified with computer, and then estimate the total volume of drilling depth well section casing wear.But CN
The technical solution statistical analysis of 105473807 A is the summation for returning to iron filings, draws the total volume of casing wear, is only capable of reflecting
The average degree of drilling depth well section casing wear, therefore can not draw the wearing depth at dangerous spot, it is difficult to rationally instruct casing wear
The safety drilling operation of risk well.
Safety to ensure oil gas casing under complex hole condition is on active service, and casing wear Risk-warning just seems particularly critical,
Because a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk of the invention is necessary.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk, solve after casing wear by
In the Risk-warning problem that strength reduction is faced;
The present invention is using following technical scheme, a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk, which is characterized in that first
By calculating the maximum lateral force chosen between tool joint and casing, using equation for drilling rate, determine wearing- in period, ask for casing
Wear area and depth;Then casing residue internal pressure strength and remaining collapsoing strength is obtained, calculates the remaining anti-internal pressure peace of casing
Overall coefficient and remaining anti-crowded safety coefficient, draw according to the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of obtained casing and remaining anti-crowded safety coefficient
Divide risk class;Finally determine casing wear situation according to risk class and carry out real-time early warning;It is as follows:
Step 1:According to wellbore trajectory and drill column structure, segmentation asks for lateral force between tool joint and casing, is denoted as F=
F1, F2... Fi... Fn, and maximum lateral force is taken, it is denoted as Fmax, wherein, FiFormula is (1);
Wherein:
Wherein:
Kb=1- γn/γt (3)
In formula:FiLateral force (N) between casing and drilling rod, ρ be hole curvature radius (m), deFor tool joint outer diameter
(mm), diFor casing inner diameter (mm), Z is design factor, and e is constant (taking 2.718), and μ is the friction system of casing and tool joint
Number, L be well depth (m), βiFor hole angle (radian), q is heavy (N/m) for drill string line, β0For maximum hole angle (radian), KbFor buoyancy
Coefficient, LtFor the height (m) of hole deviation starting point to well head, γnFor drilling fluid density (kg/m3), γtFor casing density (kg/m3);
Step 2:Determine the wearing- in period T of tool joint and casing, formula is (4);
T=T1+T2 (4)
Wherein:
ri=f (X1i,X2i,X3i, X4i, X5i) (6)
In formula:T is the wearing- in period (h) of tool joint and casing, T1For the time (h) worn, pass through well history
Data information obtains, T2For estimated wearing- in period (h), n is i.e. by the segments of drilling strata, LiFor the drill bit in i-th section of stratum
Drilling depth (m), riRelated with many factors for the rate of penetration (m/h) in i-th section of stratum, f is rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum
With the relation between drilling technology parameter, X1iFor influence of the formation characteristics to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum, X2iFor i-th section of ground
Influence of the well depth to rate of penetration in layer, X3iFor influence of the bottom hole pressure difference to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum, X4iFor i-th section of ground
Influence of the mechanical parameter to rate of penetration in layer, X5iFor influence of the hydraulic parameters to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum;
Step 3:Casing wear area S is asked for, formula is (7);
Wherein:
Lw=0.001ntde (8)
nt=60NT (9)
In formula:S is casing wear area (mm2), E is abrasion efficiency, and μ is the coefficient of friction of casing and tool joint, Fmax
Maximum lateral force (N) between tool joint and casing, LwRelative motion between drill string and casing adds up distance (m), and H is cloth
Family name's hardness (N/m2), ntFor drill string number of revolutions, deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm), N is drill string rotating speed (r/h), and T is drilling rod connecting
The wearing- in period (h) of head and casing;
Step 4:Casing eccentric wear depth c is asked for using formula (10)1;
c1=k- (di-de) (10)
Wherein:
In formula:c1For casing eccentric wear depth (mm), k is the axis of tool joint and the distance (mm) of casing axis, diFor set
Bore (mm), deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm), S is casing wear area (mm2), x1And x2For on casing wear section
The abscissa of two circle intersection points;
Step 5:The remaining collapsoing strength P of wear sleeve is asked for using formula (12)cw;
Wherein:
λ=+ 0.0039 η -0.440 of 0.127 δ (Prs/Pfy) (15)
In formula:PcwFor the remaining collapsoing strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, P1For the elastic collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, P2For
The elastoplasticity surrender collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, λ be casing manufacturing defect impact factor (regular grade casing λ takes 0.21~
0.23, high collapse strength λ take 0.17~0.175, and high anti-jamming sulfur resistive casing λ takes 0.125~0.130), c is casing wall thickness (mm),
c1For casing wear depth (mm), KeFor casing-tube elastic constant reduction coefficient (J55, K55 and all sulfur resistive steel, KeTake 0.9;N80、
P110 and Q125, KeIt takes 1.0), E is Young's modulus (2.0 × 105~2.1 × 105MPa), ν is Poisson's ratio (0.2~0.3), and d is
Sleeve outer (mm), KyIt is casing yield strength reduction coefficient (to J55, K55, N80 and all sulfur resistive steel, Ky=0.85), Pmin
For casing minimum yield strength (MPa), δ is internal surface of sleeve pipe out-of-roundness, and η is casing wall thickness unevenness degree, PrsFor casing residual stress
(MPa), PfyFor the actual yield strength (MPa) of casing;
Step 6:By the remaining collapsoing strength P of wear sleeve in step 5cwIt substitutes into formula (18) and calculates the anti-crowded of casing
Safety coefficient kcw, formula is (19);
kcw=Pcw/PIt is if outer (18)
In formula:kcwFor the anti-crowded safety coefficient of casing, PcwFor the remaining collapsoing strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, PIt is if outerFor set
The outer compressive load (MPa) of the design of pipe, P1For the elastic collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, P2Collapsing pressure is surrendered for the elastoplasticity of casing
(MPa), λ be casing manufacturing defect impact factor (regular grade casing λ take 0.21~0.23, high collapse strength λ take 0.17~
0.175, high anti-jamming sulfur resistive casing λ takes 0.125~0.130);
Step 7:The casing eccentric wear depth c that will be asked in step 41It is updated in formula (20), obtains the surplus of wear sleeve
Remaining internal pressure strength Piw;
Wherein:
B=0.1693-1.1774 × 10-4Pmin (21)
In formula:PiwFor the remaining internal pressure strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, PminFor casing minimum yield strength (MPa), c is
Casing wall thickness (mm), c1For casing eccentric wear depth (mm), d is sleeve outer (mm), and a is internal pressure strength coefficient (quenched and 13Cr
Material bushing takes 1.0,2.0) other situations take, and b is the strength hardening factor of shell material stress-strain;
Step 8:By the remaining internal pressure strength P of wear sleeve in step 7iwIt substitutes into formula (22) and calculates the anti-internal pressure peace of casing
Overall coefficient Kiw, formula is (23);
kiw=Piw/PIt is if interior (22)
Wherein:
B=0.1693-1.1774 × 10-4Pmin (24)
In formula:kiwFor the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing, PminFor casing minimum yield strength (MPa), d is sleeve outer
(mm), PIt is if interiorFor internal design pressure load (MPa), PμFor casing tensile yield strength (MPa), c is casing wall thickness (mm), and a is casing
(quenched and 13Cr material bushings take 1.0 to internal pressure strength coefficient, and 2.0) other situations take, c1For casing wear depth (mm), b is
The strength hardening factor of shell material stress-strain, d are sleeve outer (mm);
Step 9:Using anti-internal pressure safety coefficient as the axis of abscissas of casing risk class plate, it is set to resist outer crowded safety coefficient
The axis of ordinates of pipe risk class plate;The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing is more than 1.15, crowded safety coefficient is resisted to be more than 1.05 models
The casing risk class enclosed is divided into 1 grade;By the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing between 1.1~1.15, resist crowded safety coefficient between
The casing risk class of 1.0~1.05 scopes is divided into 2 grades;The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing is less than 1.1, resists crowded safety coefficient
Casing risk class less than 1.0 scopes is divided into 3 grades;So as to draw out wear sleeve risk class plate;
Step 10:The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of gained in the anti-outer crowded safety coefficient and step 8 of gained in step 6 is distinguished
It is updated in the plate of step 9 drafting, determines the risk class of wear sleeve;
Step 11:Casing risk class according to division carries out early warning, and casing wear prevention measure is determined according to risk class;If
The risk class of casing is 1 grade, then casing is in the service state of safety;If the risk class of casing is 2 grades, casing has hair
The risk of raw failure, needs to take casing wear prevention measure at this time;If the risk class of casing is 3 grades, casing occurs abrasion and loses
Effect needs one layer of casing of tripping in again;
Further, a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk according to claim 1, feature exist
In:The wear sleeve risk class plate abscissa is the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of wear sleeve, and ordinate is wear sleeve
The anti-crowded safety coefficient of pipe.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) present invention bores and well track to be drilled according to real, is calculated and has bored or condition setting of casing to be drilled and drill string
Contact force (lateral force) maximum duty point, so as to find the position of casing wear greatest risk, and calculates casing in dangerous spot
Wearing depth, overcome the shortcomings that existing iron filings monitoring method can only evaluate drilling depth well section casing wear total amount.
(2) present invention can carry out Pre-Evaluation to currently having bored and having treated the wear extent of bored borehole middle sleeve, be applied for later stage drilling well
Work leaves enough leeway, and targetedly casing pipe protection measure is taken in time according to early warning situation.
(3) present invention further evaluates the remaining collapsoing strength and internal pressure strength of casing by calculating wear extent, and
It determines safety coefficient, according to corresponding safe plate, early warning can be carried out to the service reliability of casing, be directly the safety of pit shaft
Management and control provides foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the risk class schematic diagram of present invention division casing.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2:A kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk, which is characterized in that pass through calculating first
The maximum lateral force between tool joint and casing is chosen, using equation for drilling rate, wearing- in period is determined, asks for the wear area of casing
With depth;Then casing residue internal pressure strength and remaining collapsoing strength is obtained, calculate the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing and
The anti-crowded safety coefficient of residue, according to the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of obtained casing and remaining anti-crowded safety coefficient division risk etc.
Grade;Finally determine casing wear situation according to risk class and carry out real-time early warning;It is as follows:
Step 1:According to wellbore trajectory and drill column structure, segmentation asks for lateral force between tool joint and casing, is denoted as F=
F1, F2... Fi... Fn, and maximum lateral force is taken, it is denoted as Fmax, wherein, FiFormula is (1);
Wherein:
Wherein:
Kb=1- γn/γt (3)
In formula:FiLateral force (N) between casing and drilling rod, ρ be hole curvature radius (m), deFor tool joint outer diameter
(mm), diFor casing inner diameter (mm), Z is design factor, and e is constant (taking 2.718), and μ is the friction system of casing and tool joint
Number, L be well depth (m), βiFor hole angle (radian), q is heavy (N/m) for drill string line, β0For maximum hole angle (radian), KbFor buoyancy
Coefficient, LtFor the height (m) of hole deviation starting point to well head, γnFor drilling fluid density (kg/m3), γtFor casing density (kg/m3);
Step 2:Determine the wearing- in period T of tool joint and casing, formula is (4);
T=T1+T2 (4)
Wherein:
ri=f (X1i, X2i, X3i, X4i, X5i) (6)
In formula:T is the wearing- in period (h) of tool joint and casing, T1For the time (h) worn, pass through well history
Data information obtains, T2For estimated wearing- in period (h), n is i.e. by the segments of drilling strata, LiFor the drill bit in i-th section of stratum
Drilling depth (m), riRelated with many factors for the rate of penetration (m/h) in i-th section of stratum, f is rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum
With the relation between drilling technology parameter, X1iFor influence of the formation characteristics to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum, X2iFor i-th section of ground
Influence of the well depth to rate of penetration in layer, X3iFor influence of the bottom hole pressure difference to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum, X4iFor i-th section of ground
Influence of the mechanical parameter to rate of penetration in layer, X5iFor influence of the hydraulic parameters to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum;
Step 3:Casing wear area S is asked for, formula is (7);
Wherein:
Lw=0.0Olntde (8)
nt=60NT (9)
In formula:S is casing wear area (mm2), E is abrasion efficiency, and μ is the coefficient of friction of casing and tool joint, Fmax
Maximum lateral force (N) between tool joint and casing, LwRelative motion between drill string and casing adds up distance (m), and H is cloth
Family name's hardness (N/m2), ntFor drill string number of revolutions, deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm), N is drill string rotating speed (r/h), and T is drilling rod connecting
The wearing- in period (h) of head and casing;
Step 4:Casing eccentric wear depth c is asked for using formula (10)1;
c1=k- (di-de) (10)
Wherein:
In formula:c1For casing eccentric wear depth (mm), k is the axis of tool joint and the distance (mm) of casing axis, diFor set
Bore (mm), deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm), S is casing wear area (mm2), x1And x2For on casing wear section
The abscissa of two circle intersection points;
Step 5:The remaining collapsoing strength P of wear sleeve is asked for using formula (12)cw;
Wherein:
λ=+ 0.0039 η -0.440 of 0.127 δ (Prs/Pfy) (15)
In formula:PcwFor the remaining collapsoing strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, P1For the elastic collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, P2For
The elastoplasticity surrender collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, λ be casing manufacturing defect impact factor (regular grade casing λ takes 0.21~
0.23, high collapse strength λ take 0.17~0.175, and high anti-jamming sulfur resistive casing λ takes 0.125~0.130), c is casing wall thickness (mm),
c1For casing wear depth (mm), KeFor casing-tube elastic constant reduction coefficient (J55, K55 and all sulfur resistive steel, KeTake 0.9;N80、
P110 and Q125, KeIt takes 1.0), E is Young's modulus (2.0 × 105~2.1 × 105MPa), ν is Poisson's ratio (0.2~0.3), and d is
Sleeve outer (mm), KyIt is casing yield strength reduction coefficient (to J55, K55, N80 and all sulfur resistive steel, Ky=0.85), Pmin
For casing minimum yield strength (MPa), δ is internal surface of sleeve pipe out-of-roundness, and η is casing wall thickness unevenness degree, PrsFor casing residual stress
(MPa), PfyFor the actual yield strength (MPa) of casing;
Step 6:By the remaining collapsoing strength P of wear sleeve in step 5cwIt substitutes into formula (18) and calculates the anti-crowded of casing
Safety coefficient kcw, formula is (19);
kcW=Pcw/PIt is if outer (18)
In formula:kcwFor the anti-crowded safety coefficient of casing, PcwFor the remaining collapsoing strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, PIt is if outerFor set
The outer compressive load (MPa) of the design of pipe, P1For the elastic collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, P2Collapsing pressure is surrendered for the elastoplasticity of casing
(MPa), λ be casing manufacturing defect impact factor (regular grade casing λ take 0.21~0.23, high collapse strength λ take 0.17~
0.175, high anti-jamming sulfur resistive casing λ takes 0.125~0.130);
Step 7:The casing eccentric wear depth c that will be asked in step 41It is updated in formula (20), obtains the surplus of wear sleeve
Remaining internal pressure strength Piw;
Wherein:
B=0.1693-1.1774 × 10-4Pmin (21)
In formula:PiwFor the remaining internal pressure strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, PminFor casing minimum yield strength (MPa), c is
Casing wall thickness (mm), c1For casing eccentric wear depth (mm), d is sleeve outer (mm), and a is internal pressure strength coefficient (quenched and 13Cr
Material bushing takes 1.0,2.0) other situations take, and b is the strength hardening factor of shell material stress-strain;
Step 8:By the remaining internal pressure strength P of wear sleeve in step 7iwIt substitutes into formula (22) and calculates the anti-internal pressure peace of casing
Overall coefficient Kiw, formula is (23);
kiw=Piw/PIt is if interior (22)
Wherein:
B=0.1693-1.1774 × 10-4Pmin (24)
In formula:kiwFor the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing, PminFor casing minimum yield strength (MPa), d is sleeve outer
(mm), PIt is if interiorFor internal design pressure load (MPa), PμFor casing tensile yield strength (MPa), c is casing wall thickness (mm), and a is casing
(quenched and 13Cr material bushings take 1.0 to internal pressure strength coefficient, and 2.0) other situations take, c1For casing wear depth (mm), b is
The strength hardening factor of shell material stress-strain, d are sleeve outer (mm);
Step 9:Using anti-internal pressure safety coefficient as the axis of abscissas of casing risk class plate, it is set to resist outer crowded safety coefficient
The axis of ordinates of pipe risk class plate;The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing is more than 1.15, crowded safety coefficient is resisted to be more than 1.05 models
The casing risk class enclosed is divided into 1 grade;By the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing between 1.1~1.15, resist crowded safety coefficient between
The casing risk class of 1.0~1.05 scopes is divided into 2 grades;The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing is less than 1.1, resists crowded safety coefficient
Casing risk class less than 1.0 scopes is divided into 3 grades;So as to draw out wear sleeve risk class plate;
Step 10:The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of gained in the anti-outer crowded safety coefficient and step 8 of gained in step 6 is distinguished
It is updated in the plate of step 9 drafting, determines the risk class of wear sleeve;
Step 11:Casing risk class according to division carries out early warning, and casing wear prevention measure is determined according to risk class;If
The risk class of casing is 1 grade, then casing is in the service state of safety;If the risk class of casing is 2 grades, casing has hair
The risk of raw failure, needs to take casing wear prevention measure at this time;If the risk class of casing is 3 grades, casing occurs abrasion and loses
Effect needs one layer of casing of tripping in again;
Further, a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk according to claim 1, feature exist
In:The wear sleeve risk class plate abscissa is the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of wear sleeve, and ordinate is wear sleeve
The anti-crowded safety coefficient of pipe.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk, it is characterised in that:First tool joint and set are chosen by calculating
Maximum lateral force between pipe using equation for drilling rate, determines wearing- in period, asks for the wear area and depth of casing;Then it is obtained
Casing residue internal pressure strength and remaining collapsoing strength, calculating the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing and remaining anti-safety of squeezing is
Number, according to the remaining anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of obtained casing and remaining anti-crowded safety coefficient division risk class;Finally according to wind
Dangerous grade determines casing wear situation and carries out real-time early warning;It is as follows:
Step 1:According to wellbore trajectory and drill column structure, segmentation asks for lateral force between tool joint and casing, is denoted as F=F1,
F2... Fi... Fn, and maximum lateral force is taken, it is denoted as Fmax, wherein, FiFormula is (1);
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<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mn>2000</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>sin&beta;</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>&mu;cos&beta;</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein:
Kb=1- γn/γt (3)
In formula:FiLateral force (N) between casing and drilling rod, ρ be hole curvature radius (m), deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm),
diFor casing inner diameter (mm), Z is design factor, and e is constant (taking 2.718), and μ is casing and the coefficient of friction of tool joint, and L is
Well depth (m), βiFor hole angle (radian), q is heavy (N/m) for drill string line, β0For maximum hole angle (radian), KbFor buoyancy coefficient, Lt
For the height (m) of hole deviation starting point to well head, γnFor drilling fluid density (kg/m3), γtFor casing density (kg/m3);
Step 2:Determine the wearing- in period T of tool joint and casing, formula is (4);
T=T1+T2 (4)
Wherein:
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&Sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msubsup>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>5</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
ri=f (X1i,X2i,X3i,X4i,X5i) (6)
In formula:T is the wearing- in period (h) of tool joint and casing, T1For the time (h) worn, provided by well history data
Material obtains, T2For estimated wearing- in period (h), n is i.e. by the segments of drilling strata, LiFor the footage per bit in i-th section of stratum
(m), riRelated with many factors for the rate of penetration (m/h) in i-th section of stratum, f is rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum with boring
Relation between well technological parameter, X1iFor influence of the formation characteristics to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum, X2iFor in i-th section of stratum
Influence of the well depth to rate of penetration, X3iFor influence of the bottom hole pressure difference to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum, X4iFor in i-th section of stratum
Influence of the mechanical parameter to rate of penetration, X5iFor influence of the hydraulic parameters to rate of penetration in i-th section of stratum;
Step 3:Casing wear area S is asked for, formula is (7);
<mrow>
<mi>S</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>E&mu;F</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>w</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mn>6</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mi>H</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>7</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein:
Lw=0.001ntde (8)
nt=60NT (9)
In formula:S is casing wear area (mm2), E is abrasion efficiency, and μ is the coefficient of friction of casing and tool joint, FmaxTo bore
Maximum lateral force (N) between knock-off joint and casing, LwRelative motion between drill string and casing adds up distance (m), and H is hard for Bu Shi
Spend (N/m2), ntFor drill string number of revolutions, deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm), N is drill string rotating speed (r/h), T for tool joint with
The wearing- in period (h) of casing;
Step 4:Casing eccentric wear depth c is asked for using formula (10)1;
c1=k- (di-de) (10)
Wherein:
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>S</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>-</mo>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<msub>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>11</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula:c1For casing eccentric wear depth (mm), k is the axis of tool joint and the distance (mm) of casing axis, diFor in casing
Footpath (mm), deFor tool joint outer diameter (mm), S is casing wear area (mm2), x1And x2For two circles on casing wear section
The abscissa of intersection point;
Step 5:The remaining collapsoing strength P of wear sleeve is asked for using formula (12)cw;
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>w</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>/</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>12</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein:
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
</msub>
<mi>E</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<msup>
<mi>v</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>13</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>y</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mn>3</mn>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>d</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>c</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
λ=+ 0.0039 η -0.440 of 0.127 δ (Prs/Pfy) (15)
<mrow>
<mi>&delta;</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>d</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>16</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>17</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula:PcwFor the remaining collapsoing strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, P1For the elastic collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, P2For casing
Elastoplasticity surrender collapsing pressure (MPa), λ be casing manufacturing defect impact factor (regular grade casing λ takes 0.21~0.23,
High collapse strength λ takes 0.17~0.175, and high anti-jamming sulfur resistive casing λ takes 0.125~0.130), c be casing wall thickness (mm), c1For
Casing wear depth (mm), KeFor casing-tube elastic constant reduction coefficient (J55, K55 and all sulfur resistive steel, KeTake 0.9;N80、P110
And Q125, KeIt takes 1.0), E is Young's modulus (2.0 × 105~2.1 × 105MPa), ν is Poisson's ratio (0.2~0.3), and d is casing
Outer diameter (mm), KyIt is casing yield strength reduction coefficient (to J55, K55, N80 and all sulfur resistive steel, Ky=0.85), PminFor set
Pipe minimum yield strength (MPa), δ be internal surface of sleeve pipe out-of-roundness, η be casing wall thickness unevenness degree, PrsFor casing residual stress
(MPa), PfyFor the actual yield strength (MPa) of casing;
Step 6:By the remaining collapsoing strength P of wear sleeve in step 5cwIt substitutes into formula (18) and calculates the anti-crowded safety of casing
Coefficient kcw, formula is (19);
kcw=Pcw/PIt is if outer (18)
In formula:kcwFor the anti-crowded safety coefficient of casing, PcwFor the remaining collapsoing strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, PIt is if outerFor setting for casing
The outer compressive load (MPa) of meter, P1For the elastic collapsing pressure (MPa) of casing, P2Collapsing pressure (MPa) is surrendered for the elastoplasticity of casing,
λ is that (regular grade casing λ takes 0.21~0.23, high collapse strength λ to take 0.17~0.175, high for the manufacturing defect impact factor of casing
Anti- crowded sulfur resistive casing λ takes 0.125~0.130);
Step 7:The casing eccentric wear depth c that will be asked in step 41Be updated in formula (20), obtain wear sleeve residue resist in
Compressive Strength Piw;
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>w</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>ac</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<msqrt>
<mn>3</mn>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>ac</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>20</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein:
B=0.1693-1.1774 × 10-4Pmin (21)
In formula:PiwFor the remaining internal pressure strength (MPa) of wear sleeve, PminFor casing minimum yield strength (MPa), c is casing
Wall thickness (mm), c1For casing eccentric wear depth (mm), d is sleeve outer (mm), and a is internal pressure strength coefficient (quenched and 13Cr materials
Casing takes 1.0,2.0) other situations take, and b is the strength hardening factor of shell material stress-strain;
Step 8:By the remaining internal pressure strength P of wear sleeve in step 7iwIt substitutes into formula (22) and calculates the anti-internal pressure of casing system safely
Number Kiw, formula is (23);
kiw=Piw/PIt is if interior (22)
Wherein:
B=0.1693-1.1774 × 10-4Pmin (24)
In formula:kiwFor the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing, PminFor casing minimum yield strength (MPa), d is sleeve outer (mm),
PIt is if interiorFor internal design pressure load (MPa), PμFor casing tensile yield strength (MPa), c is casing wall thickness (mm), and a is casing internal pressure
(quenched and 13Cr material bushings take 1.0 to strength factor, and 2.0) other situations take, c1For casing wear depth (mm), b is casing
Material stress-strain intensity hardening factor, d are sleeve outer (mm);
Step 9:Using anti-internal pressure safety coefficient as the axis of abscissas of casing risk class plate, resist outer crowded safety coefficient for set manage-style
The axis of ordinates of dangerous grade plate;The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing is more than 1.15, crowded safety coefficient is resisted to be more than 1.05 scopes
Casing risk class is divided into 1 grade;By the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing between 1.1~1.15, resist crowded safety coefficient between 1.0~
The casing risk class of 1.05 scopes is divided into 2 grades;The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of casing is less than 1.1, anti-crowded safety coefficient is less than
The casing risk class of 1.0 scopes is divided into 3 grades;So as to draw out wear sleeve risk class plate;
Step 10:The anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of gained in the anti-outer crowded safety coefficient and step 8 of gained in step 6 is substituted into respectively
In the plate drawn to step 9, the risk class of wear sleeve is determined;
Step 11:Casing risk class according to division carries out early warning, and casing wear prevention measure is determined according to risk class;If casing
Risk class for 1 grade, then casing is in the service state of safety;If the risk class of casing is 2 grades, casing loses
The risk of effect needs to take casing wear prevention measure at this time;If the risk class of casing is 3 grades, wear out failure occurs for casing, needs
Again one layer of casing of tripping in.
2. a kind of real time early warning method of casing wear risk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The abrasion
Casing risk class plate abscissa is the anti-internal pressure safety coefficient of wear sleeve, and ordinate squeezes safety system for the anti-of wear sleeve
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CN112196515A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-08 | 西南石油大学 | Method for evaluating abrasion of gas well casing with complex borehole trajectory |
CN113107458A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-13 | 西南石油大学 | High-temperature high-pressure high-yield oil pipe column casing friction wear prediction method |
CN114331752A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-12 | 西南石油大学 | Method for optimizing well track and preventing risks |
CN117420150A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-01-19 | 西安石油大学 | Analysis and prediction system and prediction method based on drilling parameters |
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