CN114059007A - Vacuum carburizing method for 15CrA steel bearing ring - Google Patents
Vacuum carburizing method for 15CrA steel bearing ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114059007A CN114059007A CN202111395320.8A CN202111395320A CN114059007A CN 114059007 A CN114059007 A CN 114059007A CN 202111395320 A CN202111395320 A CN 202111395320A CN 114059007 A CN114059007 A CN 114059007A
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- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum carburizing method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring, and relates to the field of carburizing heat treatment of the bearing ring. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing atmosphere carburizing treatment is low in carburizing efficiency, the carburized surface has an oxidation tendency, the carbon concentration of the surface is insufficient after heat treatment, and carbide in a carburized layer is not uniform, so that the wear resistance of the surface of a bearing is reduced. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out vacuum low-pressure carburization on a 15CrA steel bearing ring; quenching and tempering. According to the invention, through the vacuum low-pressure carburization of the 15CrA steel bearing ring, the problem of surface oxidation caused by atmosphere carburization is solved, the surface quality of the ring after carburization is improved, the surface carbon concentration of the ring after carburization and heat treatment is improved, carbide in a carburized layer is more uniform, the surface wear resistance of the ring is greatly improved, and the product quality is more stable. The method is used for treating the surface of the 15CrA steel bearing ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carburizing heat treatment of bearing rings.
Background
The carburization is one of metal surface treatment, and the specific method is to set the workpiece into active carburization medium, heat to the medium and maintain for enough time to make the active carbon atoms decomposed from the carburization medium penetrate into the surface layer of the steel part to obtain high carbon in the surface layer and maintain the original components in the core.
The material of a bearing ring of a certain type is 15CrA, and in order to improve the hardness of the working surface of the bearing ring, the raceway part needs to be carburized. The carburizing treatment of the product adopts atmosphere carburizing, the carburizing efficiency is low, the surface after carburizing has oxidation tendency, the carbon concentration of the surface after heat treatment is insufficient, the carbide of the carburized layer is not uniform, and the wear resistance of the surface of the bearing is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vacuum carburizing method of a 15CrA steel bearing ring, aiming at solving the technical problems of low carburizing efficiency, oxidation tendency of the carburized surface, insufficient surface carbon concentration after heat treatment and uneven carbide of a carburized layer in the existing atmosphere carburizing treatment, and reduction of the wear resistance of the bearing surface.
A vacuum carburization method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring specifically comprises the following steps:
putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating in a convection heating mode, introducing nitrogen, heating to 910-930 ℃ under partial pressure, preserving heat, performing vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, and cooling;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
The invention adopts vacuum low-pressure carburization, reasonably adjusts the carburization pulse number and the carburization time, optimizes the carburization pressure and the carburization flow, obtains high surface carbon concentration through quenching and tempering treatment, and further improves the surface wear resistance of the ferrule.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through the vacuum low-pressure carburization of the 15CrA steel bearing ring, the problem of surface oxidation caused by atmosphere carburization is solved, the surface quality of the ring after carburization is improved, the surface carbon concentration of the ring after carburization and heat treatment is improved from 0.65% to 0.9%, carbide in a carburized layer is more uniform, the surface wear resistance of the ring is greatly improved, and the product quality is more stable.
The method is used for treating the surface of the 15CrA steel bearing ring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph (500 times) of a structure of a carburized layer of a bearing ring having a high carbon concentration on the surface obtained in the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a photograph (500 times) of a structure of a carburized layer of a bearing ring with a high carbon concentration on the surface obtained in the third embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a photograph (500 times) of a structure of a carburized layer of a bearing ring with a high carbon concentration on the surface obtained in the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a structure of a carburized layer in a comparative experimental atmosphere.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment provides a vacuum carburizing method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring, which specifically comprises the following steps:
putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating in a convection heating mode, introducing nitrogen, heating to 910-930 ℃ under partial pressure, preserving heat, performing vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, and cooling;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the convection aeration pressure of the step is 1200-1500 mbar. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: preheating to 780-820 ℃, and preserving heat for 15-25 min. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: in the first step, the partial pressure of introduced nitrogen is 4-10 mbar. The others are the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: step one, the heat preservation time is 30-40 min. The other is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: and step one, adopting acetylene carburizing and nitrogen diffusion to alternately carry out pulse carburizing treatment. The other is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: the flow rate of acetylene is 1000L/h. The other is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: step one, cooling to 45-60 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere. The other is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: the quenching process in the step two comprises the following steps: heating to 585-595 ℃, preserving heat for 18-22 min, heating to 795-805 ℃, preserving heat for 33-37 min, and cooling with oil. The rest is the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: the tempering process in the second step comprises the following steps: heating to 155-165 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5-3.0 h. The other is the same as one of the first to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the test sample piece of the embodiment: the dimension phi is 13 multiplied by 10; quantity: 3 pieces; carburizing equipment: a vacuum carburizing furnace; quenching equipment: a vacuum oil quenching furnace; tempering equipment: a low-temperature tempering furnace;
the vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating by adopting a convection heating mode, heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, then introducing nitrogen partial pressure, heating to 920 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30min, then carrying out vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 1mbar, the acetylene pressure to be 4mbar, the acetylene flow to be 1000L/h, wherein the carburizing treatment process comprises acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 2min23s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 6min21s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 10min19s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 14min17s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 18min16s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 22min14s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 26min12s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, nitrogen diffusion for 30min10s, acetylene carburizing for 2min, and nitrogen diffusion for 34min8 s; then controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 2bar and cooling to 60 ℃;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
The quenching process in the step two comprises the following steps: heating to 590 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 20min, heating to 800 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 35min, and cooling with oil.
The tempering process in the second step comprises the following steps: the temperature is increased to 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2.5 h.
In this example, a photograph (500 times) of a structure of a carburized layer of a bearing ring having a high carbon concentration on the surface thereof was obtained as shown in FIG. 1.
The results of the depth of the infiltrated layer, the surface hardness and the hardness gradient of the three test pieces (1#2#3#) of this example are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The results of the test according to table 1 are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Inspection item | Standard requirements | Actual measurement result |
| Depth of penetrated layer | 0.7～1.2mm | 0.7mm，0.7mm，0.7mm |
| Hardness after quenching | ≥HRC62 | |
| Hardness after tempering | 60HRC～64HRC | 62.0HRC，61.5HRC |
| Tissue of infiltrated layer | Fine cryptocrystalline martensite + residual carbides | Qualified |
From the above table it follows: the 3 samples of this embodiment have good depth uniformity of the infiltrated layer, and the hardness and infiltrated layer structure meet the requirements.
Example two:
the test sample piece of the embodiment: the dimension phi is 13 multiplied by 10; quantity: 2 pieces;
the vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating by adopting a convection heating mode, heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, then introducing nitrogen partial pressure, heating to 920 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30min, then carrying out vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 1mbar, the acetylene pressure to be 4mbar, the acetylene flow to be 1000L/h, wherein the carburizing treatment process comprises acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 3min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 8min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 12min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 16min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 20min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 24min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 28min, acetylene carburizing for 2min30s, nitrogen diffusion for 32min, acetylene carburizing 2min30s and nitrogen diffusion for 36 min; then controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 2bar and cooling to 60 ℃;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
The quenching process in the step two comprises the following steps: heating to 590 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 20min, heating to 800 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 35min, and cooling with oil.
The tempering process in the second step comprises the following steps: the temperature is increased to 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2.5 h.
The test results of the method described in this example are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
| Inspection item | Standard requirements | Actual measurement result |
| Depth of penetrated layer | 0.7～1.2mm | 0.74mm |
| Hardness after quenching | ≥HRC62 | 63.5HRC |
| Hardness after tempering | 60HRC～64HRC | 61.5HRC |
| Tissue of infiltrated layer | Fine cryptocrystalline martensite + residual carbides | Qualified |
From the table it follows: the hardness and the infiltrated layer structure of 2 samples in the embodiment meet the requirements.
Example three:
the test sample piece of the embodiment: the dimension phi is 13 multiplied by 10; quantity: 2 pieces;
the vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating by adopting a convection heating mode, heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, heating to 920 ℃ by introducing nitrogen partial pressure, keeping the temperature for 30min, then carrying out vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 1mbar, the acetylene pressure to be 4mbar, the acetylene flow to be 1000L/h, and controlling the carburizing treatment process to be acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 5min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 10min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 15min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 20min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 25min, acetylene for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 30min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 40min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 50min, acetylene for 3min, and nitrogen diffusion for 60 min; then controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 2bar and cooling to 60 ℃;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
The quenching process in the step two comprises the following steps: heating to 590 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 20min, heating to 800 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 35min, and cooling with oil.
The tempering process in the second step comprises the following steps: the temperature is increased to 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2.5 h.
In this example, a photograph (500 times) of a structure of a carburized layer of a bearing ring having a high carbon concentration on the surface thereof was obtained as shown in FIG. 2.
The test results of the method described in this example are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
| Inspection item | Standard requirements | Actual measurement result |
| Depth of penetrated layer | 0.7～1.2mm | 0.87，0.88 |
| Hardness after quenching | ≥HRC62 | |
| Hardness after tempering | 60HRC～64HRC | 61.5，61.0 |
| Tissue of infiltrated layer | Fine cryptocrystalline martensite + residual carbides | Qualified |
From the table it follows: the hardness and the infiltrated layer structure of 2 samples in the embodiment meet the requirements. The depth of the penetrated layer is obviously improved.
Example four:
the test sample piece of the embodiment: the dimension phi is 13 multiplied by 10; quantity: 2 pieces;
the vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating by adopting a convection heating mode, heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, heating to 920 ℃ by introducing nitrogen partial pressure, keeping the temperature for 30min, then carrying out vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 1mbar, the acetylene pressure to be 4mbar, the acetylene flow to be 1000L/h, and controlling the carburizing treatment process to be acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 10min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 15min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 20min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 30min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 40min, acetylene carburizing for 3min, nitrogen diffusion for 50min, acetylene for 3min and nitrogen diffusion for 60 min; then controlling the nitrogen pressure to be 2bar and cooling to 60 ℃;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
The quenching process in the step two comprises the following steps: heating to 590 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 20min, heating to 800 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 35min, and cooling with oil.
The tempering process in the second step comprises the following steps: the temperature is increased to 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2.5 h.
In this example, a photograph (500 times) of a structure of a carburized layer of a bearing ring having a high carbon concentration on the surface thereof was obtained as shown in FIG. 3.
The test results of the method described in this example are shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
| Inspection item | Standard requirements | Actual measurement result |
| Depth of penetrated layer | 0.7～1.2mm | 0.95mm |
| Hardness after quenching | ≥HRC62 | |
| Hardness after tempering | 60HRC～64HRC | 61.5HRC |
| Tissue of infiltrated layer | Fine cryptocrystalline martensite + residual carbides | Qualified |
From the table it follows: the hardness and the infiltration layer tissue of 2 samples of this embodiment meet the requirements, and the infiltration layer depth is 0.95mm, and is comparatively moderate, is suitable for processing production.
The results for examples one to four are summarized in table 6:
TABLE 6
Comparative experiment:
the difference of the experiment and the first embodiment is that the 15CrA steel bearing ring is carburized by adopting the atmosphere, the carburizing temperature is controlled to be 925 ℃, the strong carburizing time is 4 hours, and the diffusion time is 2 hours.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a structure of a carburized layer in a comparative experimental atmosphere.
By contrast, through vacuum low-pressure carburization, the surface oxidation tendency of the bearing ring is inhibited, the carbon concentration of the surface is increased after heat treatment, the carbon concentration is increased from 0.65% to 0.9%, carbide of a carburized layer is uniform, and the technical problem of reducing the wear resistance of the surface of the bearing is solved; the vacuum low-pressure carburization 15CrA steel bearing ring is proved to solve the problem of surface oxidation of atmosphere carburization, improve the surface quality of the ring after carburization, ensure more uniform carbide of a surface carburization layer after heat treatment, greatly improve the surface wear resistance of the ring and ensure more stable product quality.
Claims (10)
1. A vacuum carburization method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
putting a 15CrA steel bearing ring into a vacuum carburizing furnace, vacuumizing, preheating in a convection heating mode, introducing nitrogen, heating to 910-930 ℃ under partial pressure, preserving heat, performing vacuum low-pressure pulse carburizing treatment, and cooling;
and secondly, quenching and tempering the 15CrA steel bearing ring processed in the step one to obtain the bearing ring with high carbon concentration on the surface, and finishing the method.
2. The vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the convective aeration pressure in the step is 1200-1500 mbar.
3. The vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the step one is preheating to 780-820 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 15-25 min.
4. The vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the partial pressure of nitrogen introduced in the first step is 4-10 mbar.
5. The vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding time in step one is 30-40 min.
6. The vacuum carburization method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that in step one, pulse carburization is performed by alternately performing acetylene carburization and nitrogen diffusion.
7. The vacuum carburization method of a 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 6, characterized in that said acetylene flow rate is 1000L/h.
8. The vacuum carburization method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that step one is performed by cooling to 45 to 60 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere.
9. The vacuum carburizing method for the 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the quenching process in the second step is as follows: heating to 585-595 ℃, preserving heat for 18-22 min, heating to 795-805 ℃, preserving heat for 33-37 min, and cooling with oil.
10. The vacuum carburization method for a 15CrA steel bearing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the tempering process in step two is as follows: heating to 155-165 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5-3.0 h.
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