CN114057446A - Economic and environment-friendly backup prevention stone and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Economic and environment-friendly backup prevention stone and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114057446A
CN114057446A CN202111324777.XA CN202111324777A CN114057446A CN 114057446 A CN114057446 A CN 114057446A CN 202111324777 A CN202111324777 A CN 202111324777A CN 114057446 A CN114057446 A CN 114057446A
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stone
building
environment
economic
materials
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陈忠
代振明
周波
索彬
孙延军
张荣婷
陈晨
邱金芳
贾绍敏
王鹏
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Dezhou Huanghe Jianye Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/21—Efflorescence resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an economic and environment-friendly backup prevention stone and a manufacturing method thereof. The raw materials comprise building stripping materials, cement, stones, sand and water, and the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 22-25% of building demolition materials, 9-10% of cement, 20-23% of stones, 32-36% of sand and 8-10% of water, wherein the building demolition materials comprise waste sand stones, waste mortar, waste concrete and broken building blocks, and the particle size after the breaking treatment is 5-20 mm. The economic and environment-friendly prepared anti-flood stone provided by the invention completely meets the requirements of flood prevention work, can recycle building dismantling materials, reduces the environmental protection pressure, changes waste into valuable, has long-term and important significance on natural ecological environment protection, is simple in manufacturing method, is convenient for industrial production, and is easy to popularize and apply.

Description

Economic and environment-friendly backup prevention stone and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an economic and environment-friendly backup prevention stone and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The yellow river flows through the loess plateau in an impacting manner and carries a large amount of silt, and the silt is deposited in a large amount due to the gradual reduction of the flow speed when the yellow river reaches the middle and lower reaches of the yellow river, so that the yellow river becomes a famous ground suspension river in the world. The prepared prevention stones play an important role in the flood control and emergency rescue process of the yellow river, and are an important guarantee for the safety of the embankment, and the safety of the yellow river dam is directly influenced by the stability and arrangement form of the prepared prevention stones. The quantity of the riprap used for emergency rescue in the yellow river reaches dozens of ten thousand in every year. The natural stone is a direct source of the traditional defense stone, about dozens of ten thousand of stones are used for flood control and emergency rescue in yellow river every year, and the demand of the defense stone only in the east section of the mountain is as much as 100 million cubic meters. Traditional backup prevention stones are generally mined from mountains, and cause great damage to the natural environment due to the nonrenewable characteristic of the backup prevention stones.
In recent years, with the economic development and the urbanization process of China being accelerated, the total quantity of building demolishing materials such as concrete blocks, waste bricks, dregs and the like generated in the construction, maintenance and demolition of urban infrastructures is increased day by day. According to the reflection of related data, the quantity of the demolished building materials produced in China every year is up to 20 hundred million tons, so that China becomes one of the countries with the largest discharge quantity of demolished building materials in the world. The building demolishing material not only occupies land resources and pollutes the environment, but also damages the urban image.
The building demolition materials are recycled, waste is changed into valuable, the economic and environment-friendly prepared stone for manufacturing the building demolition material recycled aggregate concrete is reduced, the development of natural stone is reduced, the environment-friendly pressure can be effectively reduced, the environmental pollution is avoided, the natural ecological environment is protected, and the reasonable utilization of resources is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone and a manufacturing method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an economic environmental protection is equipped with and is prevented stone, is made by wire net and concrete, the wire net is square tube-shape, is formed by 4 wire net mutual welding, the raw and other materials of concrete are torn material, cement, stone, sand and water including the building, the raw and other materials mass percent of concrete is: 22-25% of building demolition materials, 9-10% of cement, 20-23% of stones, 32-36% of sand and 8-10% of water, wherein the building demolition materials comprise waste sand stones, waste mortar, waste concrete and broken building blocks, and the particle size of the building demolition materials is 5-20 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary portland cement.
As a preferable technical scheme, the particle size of the stones is 5mm-10 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the sand is river sand.
As a preferred technical scheme, the prepared waterproof stone is a cube with the size of 50cm by 50 cm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the steel wire mesh is formed by welding spring steel wires into a net-shaped structure.
The manufacturing method of the economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone comprises the following steps:
a) prefabricating a steel wire mesh;
b) crushing the building demolished materials to 5-20mm of particle size by using a crusher;
the components contained in the building stripping material are very complex, so that the building stripping material contains a large amount of impurities which are not beneficial to the quality of stone-proof engineering, such as wood blocks, plastic products, cotton cloth, foam and other organic light materials, and can not be completely applied to the stone-proof engineering. Therefore, before the building demolishing materials are utilized to the stone-proof engineering, the building demolishing materials need to be processed, and the processing process is as follows:
(1) sundries are sorted manually
Sundries such as wood blocks, plastic products, clothes, quilts, foams and the like contained in the building demolition raw materials are sorted manually.
(2) Pre-breaking
Because the building demolition material raw and other materials have a large amount of building demolition materials that exceed the breaker bore can't directly get into broken storehouse, so need utilize the quartering hammer to carry out the breakage in advance to building demolition material raw and other materials bold between the breakage, avoid the reinforcing bar in the building demolition material to twine the breaker at the crushing in-process simultaneously, need artifically cut the reinforcing bar.
(3) Water spray
In order to avoid the raised dust generated in the crushing process of building demolition materials, the building demolition materials need to be sprinkled, the building demolition materials are ensured to enter the crusher in a wet state, the raised dust is reduced as much as possible, and the influence on the environment is reduced.
(4) Pre-screening
Building tear material raw and other materials and get into vibrating feeder after, tear material raw and other materials in building tear and carry out the preliminary screening to the building, the undersize material need not get into broken storehouse, directly is exported by the side direction belt to increase of production.
(5) Crushing
And (3) the building demolition raw materials subjected to pre-screening enter a crushing bin, and are crushed in a counterattack crushing mode.
(7) Iron removal
The crushed materials are output through a belt, and metal materials such as reinforcing steel bars in the building demolition are output laterally through an electromagnetic belt arranged above a main material conveying belt in the output process.
(8) And finally crushing the building demolished materials into different particle sizes within the range of 5-20mm according to the actual requirements of the engineering, and carrying out subsequent stone preparation.
c) Weighing the building dismantling materials, the cement, the stones, the sand and the water according to the proportion, stirring and mixing uniformly;
d) pouring the mixed material into a mould to lay the bottom with the thickness of 5cm, placing a steel wire mesh, continuously filling the mixed material and uniformly vibrating.
e) And demolding the model after the material is solidified, and maintaining for 28 days to obtain the stone-proof material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the prepared economic and environment-friendly prepared stone provided by the invention has the properties including strength, durability and the like which meet the design and management standards of the yellow river downstream standardized embankment project, completely meet the requirements of flood prevention work, and can be applied to the yellow river prepared stone embankment protection project.
(2) The economic and environment-friendly stone-preparing preventing building dismantling material provided by the invention is convenient to obtain materials, is used for replacing natural loose stones, can reduce the use cost of the stone-preparing preventing building, can recycle the building dismantling material, reduces the environmental protection pressure, changes waste into valuable, and has long-term and important significance for natural ecological environment protection and stone-preparing preventing use.
(3) The economic and environment-friendly stone-proof material provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacturing method, convenience for industrial production and easiness in popularization and application.
(4) The economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone provided by the invention adopts a ribbed design (steel wire mesh), so that the compressive strength and the tensile strength are improved, the scouring resistance and the crushing resistance are realized, the loss rate is low, and the stability is good.
(5) The economic and environment-friendly spare stone provided by the invention has a regular (cube) shape, is easy to transport, arrange and cast, greatly reduces the labor intensity of operators, and greatly improves the operation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows compressive strength values of a common concrete and a stone-proof test piece;
fig. 2 shows the results of the freeze-thaw cycle experiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, technical features, objects and technical effects of the present invention easily understandable, the present invention is further described below with reference to the specific drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the economic and environment-friendly preparation and prevention stone is a cube with the size of 50cm by 50cm, concrete raw materials comprise building demolition materials, cement, stones, sand and water, and the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22-25% of building demolition materials, 9-10% of cement, 20-23% of stones, 32-36% of sand and 8-10% of water, wherein the building demolition materials comprise waste sand stones, waste mortar, waste concrete and broken building blocks, and the particle size after the breaking treatment is 5-20 mm. The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary portland cement, the particle size of the stone is 5-10 mm, and the sand is river sand.
The manufacturing method of the economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone comprises the following steps:
a) prefabricating a steel wire mesh;
the steel wire mesh is formed by welding spring steel wires into a net structure.
b) Crushing the building demolished materials to 5-20mm of particle size by using a crusher;
the components contained in the building stripping material are very complex, and the building stripping material contains a large amount of impurities which are not favorable for the quality of stone-proof engineering, such as wood blocks, plastic products, cotton cloth, foam and other organic light materials, so that the building stripping material cannot be completely applied to stone-proof engineering. Therefore, before the building demolishing materials are utilized to the stone-proof engineering, the building demolishing materials need to be processed, and the processing process is as follows:
(1) sundries are sorted manually
Sundries such as wood blocks, plastic products, clothes, quilts, foams and the like contained in the building demolition raw materials are sorted manually.
(2) Pre-breaking
Because building tear material raw and other materials have a large amount of building tear material that surpass the breaker bore and can't directly get into broken storehouse, so need utilize the quartering hammer to tear the super large piece in the material raw and other materials in advance broken between the breakage, avoid the reinforcing bar in the building tear material to twine the breaker at crushing in-process simultaneously, need the manual work to cut the reinforcing bar.
(3) Water spray
In order to avoid the problem that the building demolishs materials to generate raise dust in the crushing process, the building demolishs the materials and the raw materials are sprayed with water in advance, so that the building demolishs the materials and the raw materials enter a crusher in a wet state, the raise dust is reduced as far as possible, and the influence on the environment is reduced.
(4) Pre-screening
Building tear material raw and other materials and get into vibrating feeder after, tear material raw and other materials in building tear and carry out the preliminary screening to the building, the undersize material need not get into broken storehouse, directly is exported by the side direction belt to increase of production.
(5) Crushing
And (3) the building demolition raw materials subjected to pre-screening enter a crushing bin, and are crushed in a counterattack crushing mode.
(7) Iron removal
The crushed materials are output through a belt, and metal materials such as reinforcing steel bars in the building demolition are output laterally through an electromagnetic belt arranged above a main material conveying belt in the output process.
(8) And finally crushing the building demolished materials into different particle sizes within the range of 5-20mm according to the actual requirements of the engineering, and carrying out subsequent stone preparation.
c) Weighing the building dismantling materials, the cement, the stones, the sand and the water according to the proportion, stirring and mixing uniformly;
d) and pouring the mixed material into a mould to lay the bottom, placing a steel wire mesh, continuously filling the mixed material and uniformly vibrating.
e) And demolding the model after the material is solidified, and maintaining for 28 days at the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 80 percent to obtain the stone-proof material.
In order to verify the performance of the economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone, the prepared waterproof stone is subjected to a compressive strength test and freeze-thaw resistance research.
Compressive strength test
1. Preparation process of stone-proof test piece
A scale model with the proportion of 1:5 is adopted for the stone-proof compression-resistant test piece, the size of the stone-proof test piece is 100mm x 100mm, the size of the steel wire mesh is 90mm x 90mm, a model experiment is carried out according to GB/T20081-2009 Standard test method for testing long-term performance and durability of common concrete, and a compression strength performance test is carried out on the stone-proof compression-resistant test piece. The mix proportion of the prepared stone-proof test piece is as follows:
TABLE 1 mix proportion of stone-proof test pieces
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000081
The test piece manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, weighing cement, sand, stones, building demolition materials and water according to the proportion shown in table 1, then uniformly stirring the cement, the sand, the stones and the building demolition materials, and then adding the water to continue to uniformly stir.
(2) And (3) uniformly coating the oil on the surface of the mould, pouring the stirred concrete into a mould paving bottom (the thickness is 10mm), then putting the concrete into a steel wire mesh, completely pouring the concrete into the mould, and leveling after vibrating.
(3) And demolding after 24 hours, and then putting the stone-proof test piece into a curing room for curing, wherein the temperature of the curing room is 20 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is 80%, and the curing lasts for 28 days.
2. Method and step for testing compressive strength of stone preparation
(1) Test piece compressive strength test instrument
A100 t pressure testing machine is adopted in the compression strength test, and a steel plate with the thickness of 3cm is added at the top of the test to ensure that the test piece can be uniformly pressed due to the large size of the test piece, and the weight of the steel plate is 50 kg.
(2) Test step of compressive strength of test piece
A. Estimating the breaking pressure of the test piece according to the average strength of the steel slag core;
B. inspecting the appearance of the test piece, recording the test piece with damage and scratches, and discarding the test piece with serious damage;
C. accurately measuring the compression-resistant contact area of the test piece;
D. removing impurities below a base plate of the compression testing machine, then placing a test piece on the lower base plate, placing the test piece on the center horizontally, then placing the base plate on the test piece, starting the machine, and lifting the test piece until the base plate is approximately contacted with the upper pressing plate;
E. and opening a valve, controlling the loading process according to the displacement, loading at the speed of 0.5mm/min, observing the deformation condition of the test piece, stopping pressurizing when the test piece has fracture and other damage phenomena, photographing and recording the corresponding damage load value P.
3. Compressive strength results and analysis of stone-proof test piece
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000091
In the formula: f. ofcuThe compressive strength of the stone-proof test piece is prepared, and the compressive strength is MPa;
p-ultimate load of failure;
a is the pressed area of the test piece;
k is the conversion coefficient of the size of the test piece, and the experiment is 1.05.
The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 test results of compressive strength of stone-proof test piece
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000101
The general concrete mix ratios are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 concrete mix proportions
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000102
The mix proportion strength of the common concrete and the compressive strength of the stone-proof test piece are made into a bar chart as shown in figure 1. In fig. 1, BZ is a compressive strength value of a standard stone-proof test piece, B is a compressive strength value of a stone-proof test piece according to the invention, and H is a compressive strength value under the condition of a common concrete mixing ratio. It can be known from the "design and management standards for the design and management of standardized embankment engineering in the downstream of the yellow river", that the compressive strength of the prepared waterproof stone should not be lower than 40MPa, and it can be known from the data in table 2 and fig. 1 that the minimum compressive strength of the prepared waterproof stone test piece measured by the test is 40.2MPa, and the average compressive strength is 42.4MPa, which meet the requirements of the specification.
Second, research on freeze-thaw resistance
The spare sand is mainly used for flood control and emergency rescue work of the yellow river, and the situations of flood control of the middle and lower reaches of the yellow river are complex and changeable. Therefore, the frost resistance is the most important problem in the durability of the backup stone, and the backup stone is subjected to freeze-thaw test research to detect the freeze-thaw resistance of the backup stone.
1. Design of test protocol
By manufacturing a freeze-thaw test piece for the stone prevention, the frost resistance of the steel slag core reinforced concrete for the stone prevention is determined to meet the requirement of the stone prevention. Because no specific specification exists at present for the artificial stone protection, the test is designed according to the standard of GB/T50082-2009 test method standard for long-term performance and durability of common concrete, the anti-freezing performance of the stone protection is detected by adopting a rapid freezing and thawing method, the number of times of freezing and thawing cycles which can be borne by the stone protection is used as the frost resistance index of the stone protection, and the frost resistance requirement can be met by measuring the number of times of the freezing and thawing cycles of the stone protection by using relevant data as 10 times, the number of times of the freezing and thawing cycles is set to be 50, the test piece is frozen for 110 minutes each time, and the freezing temperature range is-17 +/-2 ℃. The test piece is melted for 73 minutes each time, and the melting temperature range is 8 +/-2 ℃.
(1) Preparation of the test
The test piece of the freeze-thaw cycle adopts a standard test piece specified by a specification, the size of the test piece is 100mm by 100mm, and a stone-proof test piece is manufactured. The manufacturing method of the test piece is the same as that of the prepared stone-proof compression-resistant test piece. And after the test piece is manufactured, covering a layer of film on the test piece to prevent moisture from evaporating, putting the test piece into a standard curing room for curing for 24 hours, controlling the temperature of the standard curing room to be 20 +/-5 ℃, and after curing, removing the die and numbering. The test piece after the mold is removed is immediately moved to a standard curing chamber, and the curing time is 28 days.
(2) Testing instrument
A rapid freezing and thawing device: a rapid freeze-thaw testing machine is adopted, a test piece is placed in a rubber cylinder filled with water before the test is started, and the rubber cylinder and the test piece are placed in a test piece box together. The freeze-thaw process of the rapid freeze-thaw test instrument is full-automatic operation, and when the freeze-thaw cycle time reaches a set value, the test machine automatically stops operation;
shore scale, thermocouple, potentiometer;
dynamic elastic modulus tester: a dynamic elastic modulus tester with the model number of DT-W18 is selected, and the frequency of the tester is 100 HZ-100 kHZ.
(3) Procedure of the test
Four days before the test, taking out the freeze-thaw test piece from a standard curing room, checking and recording the appearance condition of the test piece, and then soaking the test piece in water at the temperature of about 20 ℃ until the water level is 20mm higher than the test piece. The test was started after 4 days of soaking.
And after soaking, taking out the test piece, wiping off the moisture on the surface of the test piece, weighing the initial mass of the test piece, and measuring the length, the width and the height of the test piece.
And detecting the initial value of the transverse fundamental frequency of the test piece according to the requirements of the ordinary concrete dynamic elastic modulus test, adjusting the instrument before testing, leveling the test piece on a base plate, and then starting to measure the transverse natural vibration frequency. In order to reduce the test error, each test piece is detected twice, the error of measurement of the two times is 0.5%, and finally the average value tested by 3 test pieces is taken as the initial value of the dynamic elastic modulus of the test piece.
And placing the test piece in a test rubber cylinder, wherein the test piece of a temperature measuring instrument is placed in the center of a freezing and thawing box, the water level in the rubber cylinder with the test piece is about 5mm higher than that of the test piece, closing the freezing and thawing box, and starting freezing and thawing circulation.
The dynamic elastic modulus and the quality of the test piece are detected once every 25 times, the moisture and the scum on the surface of the test piece are wiped off by a towel before measurement, the appearance is checked, and the mass loss of the test piece is weighed by a counter balance. The method for measuring the transverse fundamental frequency is the same as the method for testing the initial transverse fundamental frequency. Immediately after the measurement is finished, the test piece is turned and the test piece is loaded into the rubber cylinder, and in order to reduce the moisture loss of the test piece, the measurement work is carried out quickly.
The test can be stopped when one of the following three conditions occurs during the freeze-thaw process:
the freeze-thaw cycle A reaches the preset cycle number, and the preset cycle number of the test is 50.
The relative dynamic elastic modulus of B decreases to 25% of the initial value.
The mass loss rate of C reaches 5 percent.
(4) Analysis of test results
The mass loss rate calculation formula is as follows, and the average value of the results of 3 test pieces is taken as the final test result.
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000131
In the formula: wN-mass loss rate of test piece after n freeze-thaw cycles,%;
G0-initial mass, g, measured before the freeze-thaw cycle of the test piece;
g is the quality of the test piece after n times of freeze thawing circulation.
The strength loss rate calculation formula is as follows, and the average value of the results of 3 test pieces is taken as the final test result.
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000132
In the formula: fN-the concrete compressive strength loss rate after n freeze-thaw cycles,%;
F0-the initial compressive strength value, MPa, measured before the freeze-thaw cycle of the test piece;
f is the compressive strength value measured after the test piece undergoes n times of freeze-thaw cycles, and is MPa.
The test results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Freeze-thaw cycling results for stone protection
Figure RE-GDA0003450190450000133
Table 4 is plotted as a histogram as shown in FIG. 2. In fig. 2, B is the sample for preparing the waterproof stone, and H is common concrete. Test results show that the quality loss rate and the compressive strength loss rate of the prepared stone are not much different from those of common concrete, the freeze-thaw cycle test detection results of the prepared stone meet standard specified values, the anti-freezing grade meets the requirement of being not less than F300, and the engineering requirement is met.
The invention can be used for protecting the roots by riprapping in the flood season, building the slope dike and building other building construction projects on the yellow river dike. Experimental verification and use practice show that building demolition materials are recycled to replace aggregates, the steel wire mesh concrete is manufactured to regenerate and prepare the stone, the requirements of the yellow river for flood prevention and stone throwing and root protection can be completely met, the strength of the C30 steel wire mesh concrete can completely meet the strength requirements of stone throwing and root protection and the strength requirement of ice impact resistance, and the strength of the cement concrete is slightly increased when the cement concrete is used underwater due to the fact that the cement concrete is a hydraulic material; after the freezing circulation of the natural environment in winter, the freeze-thaw resistance of the product completely meets the requirements, and the product has good scouring resistance and weather resistance. Compared with natural stone material flood prevention spare stones in yellow river, the cost is lower, the construction of the spare stone blocks is convenient, and the maintenance cost of the piled blocks every year is saved. In addition, due to the non-regenerability of the natural stone, the purchase price of the natural stone for preventing stones is continuously increased, and the national ecological protection policy limits the exploitation of natural mountain bodies, so the research and development of the product have greater practical significance and accord with the national strategy of sustainable development.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An economic environmental protection is equipped with and is prevented stone, its characterized in that: make by wire net and concrete, the wire net is square tube-shape, is formed by 4 wire net pieces mutual welding, the raw and other materials of concrete are including building tear-out material, cement, stone, sand and water, the raw and other material mass percent of concrete is: 22-25% of building demolition materials, 9-10% of cement, 20-23% of stones, 32-36% of sand and 8-10% of water, wherein the building demolition materials comprise waste sand stones, waste mortar, waste concrete and broken building blocks, and the particle size of the building demolition materials is 5-20 mm.
2. The economic and environment-friendly backup stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary portland cement.
3. The economic and environment-friendly backup stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the stones is 5mm-10 mm.
4. The economic and environment-friendly backup stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sand is river sand.
5. The economic and environment-friendly backup stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the backup stone is a cube with a size of 50cm by 50 cm.
6. The economic and environment-friendly backup stone as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steel wire mesh is formed by welding spring steel wires into a net structure.
7. The manufacturing method of the economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
a) prefabricating a steel wire mesh;
b) crushing the building demolished materials to 5-20mm of particle size by using a crusher;
c) weighing the building dismantling materials, the cement, the stones, the sand and the water according to the proportion, stirring and mixing uniformly;
d) pouring the mixed material into a mould to lay the bottom with the thickness of 5cm, placing a steel wire mesh,
and continuously filling the mixed material and uniformly vibrating.
e) And demolding the model after the material is solidified, and maintaining for 28 days to obtain the stone-proof material.
8. The manufacturing method of the economic and environment-friendly prepared waterproof stone as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the maintenance environment is as follows: the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity is more than or equal to 80 percent.
CN202111324777.XA 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 Economic and environment-friendly backup prevention stone and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN114057446A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103979889A (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-08-13 山东大学 Method for making river shore-based root stones by utilizing Yellow River silt and construction dregs
CN204238179U (en) * 2014-06-05 2015-04-01 陈伟 A kind of standby anti-stone of concrete bag soil structure
CN107032696A (en) * 2017-03-28 2017-08-11 同济大学 A kind of big particle diameter regenerated coarse aggregate concrete wave resistance block and preparation method
CN107059791A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-18 山东大学 A kind of slag core concrete is for anti-stone and preparation method
CN111423173A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-07-17 武汉长江航道救助打捞局 D-shaped soft raft of recycled concrete unit blocks and manufacturing method thereof
CN112679156A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-20 国网福建省电力有限公司 A gelatinization gravel stone concrete for temporary protection engineering of bank side slope
CN113336491A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-03 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 Concrete doped with ditch-dredging sludge and used for maritime work bank protection engineering twisted Chinese character 'Wang' block and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103979889A (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-08-13 山东大学 Method for making river shore-based root stones by utilizing Yellow River silt and construction dregs
CN204238179U (en) * 2014-06-05 2015-04-01 陈伟 A kind of standby anti-stone of concrete bag soil structure
CN107032696A (en) * 2017-03-28 2017-08-11 同济大学 A kind of big particle diameter regenerated coarse aggregate concrete wave resistance block and preparation method
CN107059791A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-18 山东大学 A kind of slag core concrete is for anti-stone and preparation method
CN111423173A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-07-17 武汉长江航道救助打捞局 D-shaped soft raft of recycled concrete unit blocks and manufacturing method thereof
CN112679156A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-20 国网福建省电力有限公司 A gelatinization gravel stone concrete for temporary protection engineering of bank side slope
CN113336491A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-03 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 Concrete doped with ditch-dredging sludge and used for maritime work bank protection engineering twisted Chinese character 'Wang' block and preparation method thereof

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