CN114052117A

CN114052117A - Preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic feather powder

Info

Publication number: CN114052117A
Application number: CN202111396459.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄书敏
Original assignee: Guzhen Jinpeng Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guzhen Jinpeng Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-23
Filing date: 2021-11-23
Publication date: 2022-02-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic hydrolysis feather powder, which relates to the field of preparation and processing of feather powder and specifically comprises the following steps of pretreating feather, cleaning the feather, then cooking the feather, carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis on the cooked feather, carrying out fermentation on the enzymatic hydrolysis feather, and carrying out crushing processing on the fermented feather after water is drained. According to the preparation method of the high-digestibility enzymolysis feather meal, enzymes and organic acids which are beneficial to digestion and absorption of animals can be further generated through strain fermentation, and when the high-digestibility enzymolysis feather meal is used as animal feed, the digestibility of the feed is high when the animals eat the high-digestibility feather meal. Meanwhile, the strain converts the original fishy substances such as ammonia in the feathers into mycoprotein, removes the fishy smell in the feathers and ensures that the fermentation product has a fermentation flavor.

Description

Preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic feather powder

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the field of feather powder preparation and processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic feather powder.

Background art:

the feather powder is also called hydrolyzed feather, namely hydrolysate of poultry feather, the protein content of the feather powder is up to 80 percent, and the feather powder is rich in glycine, serine, cystine, tryptophan and isoleucine and is a good protein resource. However, because the feather meal has complex components, during the storage process, microorganisms can degrade proteins or amino acids, such as cystine to mercaptan, tryptophan to indole, and the like, and the mercaptan and the indole are substances with pungent odor. The amino acids are then decarboxylated to give amines, such as cadaverine and putrescine; amino acid can generate ammonia through deamination; amino acid can also remove sulfydryl to generate hydrogen sulfide and the like, so that the feather powder has fishy smell, and the application of the feather powder in the food and textile industries is greatly hindered.

At present, feather meal is treated by various methods commonly used, such as keratinase degradation method, etc., but the problems in the process of preparing feather meal in the prior art are,

(1) the water adding amount is larger, the generated waste water is more, the subsequent drying is more difficult,

(2) the odor of the obtained product is not ideal;

(3) and the drying equipment used for processing the feather powder has a simple structure, can not realize the functions of screening and automatic conveying, and indirectly increases the production difficulty.

The invention content is as follows:

in order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic feather powder.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic hydrolysis feather powder specifically comprises the following steps:

firstly, taking feathers for pretreatment, cleaning the feathers and then cooking the feathers;

secondly, taking the cooked feather for enzymolysis;

thirdly, taking the feather subjected to enzymolysis for fermentation treatment;

fourthly, filtering the fermented feathers to remove water and then crushing the feathers;

fifthly, processing the crushed feather powder by using a drying and screening integrated machine to prepare a finished product;

and sixthly, using a drying and screening all-in-one machine to air-dry, screen, dry, convey and discharge feather powder in sequence.

Preferably, the drying and screening integrated machine comprises a box body, wherein a bumping mechanism is arranged above the interior of the box body, and the bumping mechanism comprises a sealing screen box, a spring, a supporting plate, a shell, a first air heater, a through hole, a flexible hose and a roller;

a sealed screen box is arranged above the inner part of the box body, two ends of the bottom of the sealed screen box are fixedly connected with springs, the middle end of the bottom of the sealed screen box is fixedly provided with a roller, a supporting plate is fixedly connected below the springs, and the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body;

a shell is arranged above the sealed screen box, the shell is fixedly mounted inside the top of the box body, a through hole is formed in the top of the shell, a flexible hose is fixedly communicated with the inside of the bottom of the shell, and one end of the flexible hose is fixedly communicated with the sealed screen box;

a first air heater is arranged in the shell.

Preferably, a transmission conveying mechanism is arranged below the roller and comprises a gear, a rotating rod, a first bevel gear, a double-shaft motor, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear and a spiral conveying rod;

the below of gyro wheel is provided with the gear, the gear runs through fixedly connected with dwang, the both ends of dwang with the box rotates and connects, the right-hand member of dwang passes the box, and the first awl tooth of fixedly connected with, the below of first awl tooth is provided with double-shaft motor, double-shaft motor fixed mounting is in the box outer wall, and the equal fixedly connected with second awl tooth in both ends, the top the second awl tooth with first awl tooth meshing is connected, the below the second awl meshing is connected with the third awl tooth, the left side fixedly connected with auger delivery pole of third awl tooth, auger delivery pole rotate connect in inside the bottom of box.

Preferably, a linkage mechanism is arranged below the sealing sieve box and comprises an opening sieve box, a connecting rod and a sliding block;

the bottom both sides fixedly connected with connecting rod of sealed sieve box, the bottom fixedly connected with opening sieve box of connecting rod, the inside sliding connection in both ends of opening sieve box has the slider, slider fixed connection in the inner wall of box.

Preferably, the inside both ends fixedly connected with sliding sleeve in top of sealed sieve box, the inside of sliding sleeve is provided with the feeder hopper, feeder hopper upper end fixed mounting in the top of box, and lower extreme sliding connection in the inside of sliding sleeve.

Preferably, the outer wall of the left side of the box body is fixedly provided with a second air heater, the inside of the left side of the box body is provided with a ventilation hole, and the second air heater and the ventilation hole are correspondingly arranged.

Preferably, the right side of the bottom of the box body is provided with a discharge hole.

Preferably, the outer walls of the two ends of the bottom of the box body are fixedly connected with a base.

The working principle and the specific using process of the invention are as follows: during the use, will treat the inside of adding sealed sieve box of feather powder of processing through the feeder hopper, make it drive the second cone tooth and rotate through opening double-shaft motor, the second cone tooth of top drives first cone tooth and dwang and rotates for the gear rotates, and the second cone tooth of below drives the screw conveyor pole and rotates, and the feather powder that will pass through the stoving is carried to the outside through the discharge gate.

Rotation through the gear, make the gyro wheel rotate while the gyro wheel can carry out the motion of jolting, setting through spring and backup pad, can make sealed sieve box jolt the vibration, make the feather powder to break away simultaneously, avoid the feather powder to conglomerate because the great and too much adhesion of humidity is conglomerated, open first air heater, utilize the bellows to let in the inside of sealed sieve box with the geomantic omen, make the feather powder jolt the dispersion screening, also carry out first step stoving processing simultaneously, feather powder partly entering opening sieve box after the bottom sieve mesh screening of sealed sieve box, partly can be directly inside the bottom of box of discharging through opening sieve box's bottom sieve mesh.

When the sealed sieve box carries out the motion of jolting from top to bottom, the sealed sieve box drives the open-ended sieve box through the connecting rod and reciprocates, avoids the excessive delay of feather powder in the inside of sealed sieve box, brings inconvenience for the ejection of compact of feather powder, simultaneously, utilizes the air heater to let in hot-blastly through the inside of venthole to the box, will follow the feather powder that sealed sieve box below air-dried sifted out and dry at the in-process that drops for the feather powder carries out the stoving processing of second step.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the preparation method of the high-digestibility enzymolysis feather meal, enzymes and organic acids which are beneficial to digestion and absorption of animals can be further generated through strain fermentation, and when the high-digestibility enzymolysis feather meal is used as animal feed, the digestibility of the feed is high when the animals eat the high-digestibility feather meal. Meanwhile, the strain converts the original fishy substances such as ammonia in the feathers into mycoprotein, removes the fishy smell in the feathers and ensures that the fermentation product has a fermentation flavor.

According to the preparation method of the high-digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, the water content of materials is low when fermentation is carried out after enzymolysis, microorganisms are easy to grow, the post-treatment is simple, the pollution is less, no waste water is basically discharged, and a large amount of water is not required.

This used stoving screening all-in-one of stoving screening processing feather powder can carry out secondary stoving processing with the feather powder after smashing while screening, at the in-process that drops after the screening, carries out secondary stoving processing with the feather powder for drying efficiency is higher, and after drying, can carry the feather powder automatically.

Description of the drawings:

in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a drying and screening machine;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the roller, gear and rotating rod;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the seal screen box and the slide sleeve;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of an open screen box;

wherein: 1. a box body; 2. a base; 3. a bumping mechanism; 301. sealing the sieve box; 302. a spring; 303. a support plate; 304. a housing; 305. a first air heater; 306. a through hole; 307. a flexible hose; 308. a roller; 4. a transmission conveying mechanism; 401. a gear; 402. rotating the rod; 403. a first bevel gear; 404. a double-shaft motor; 405. a second taper tooth; 406. a third bevel gear; 407. a screw conveying rod; 5. a linkage mechanism; 501. an open screen box; 502. a connecting rod; 503. a slider; 6. a sliding sleeve; 7. a feed hopper; 8. a ventilation hole; 9. a second air heater; 10. and (4) a discharge port.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.

Example 1:

a preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic hydrolysis feather powder specifically comprises the following steps:

firstly, taking feathers for pretreatment, cleaning the feathers and then cooking the feathers; mixing the feathers and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.4-1: 3, and then cooking, wherein the cooking temperature is 100-200 ℃, the cooking pressure is 80-500 kPa, and the cooking time is 0.3-3 h;

secondly, taking the cooked feather for enzymolysis; adding 10-50 ten thousand enzyme activity units of keratinase according to the proportion of 0.3-2% of the feather weight for enzymolysis, wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 50-70 ℃, the enzymolysis pH is 7-9, and the enzymolysis time is 12-36 h;

thirdly, taking the feather subjected to enzymolysis for fermentation treatment; cooling the feather subjected to enzymolysis to 20-40 ℃, inoculating saccharomycetes according to the proportion of strains accounting for 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the feather, adjusting the water content to 50-70%, and then fermenting, wherein the fermentation temperature is 20-40 ℃, the fermentation pH is 5-7, and the fermentation time is 24-72 hours;

According to the preparation method of the high-digestibility enzymatic hydrolysis feather powder, firstly, the feather is pretreated at a certain temperature and under a certain pressure, so that disulfide bonds in the feather are facilitated to be opened, then, keratinase is used for carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis on the feather, the keratinase is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis to form polypeptide, small peptide, amino acid and the like, then, a strain is used for further fermenting the enzymatically hydrolyzed feather, the keratinase and water used for the enzymatic hydrolysis are saved, and the fermented feather powder is easier to dry.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 1-3, the drying and screening integrated machine for drying, screening and processing feather powder comprises a box body 1, wherein a bumping mechanism 3 is arranged above the inside of the box body 1, and the bumping mechanism 3 comprises a sealing screen box 301, a spring 302, a supporting plate 303, a shell 304, a first hot air blower 305, a through hole 306, a flexible hose 307 and a roller 308; a sealing sieve box 301 is arranged above the inner part of the box body 1, two ends of the bottom of the sealing sieve box 301 are fixedly connected with springs 302, the middle end of the bottom is fixedly provided with a roller 308, a supporting plate 303 is fixedly connected below the springs 302, and the supporting plate 303 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body 1; a shell 304 is arranged above the sealed screen box 301, the shell 304 is fixedly installed inside the top of the box body 1, a through hole 306 is formed inside the top of the shell 304, a flexible hose 307 is fixedly communicated inside the bottom of the shell 304, and one end of the flexible hose 307 is fixedly communicated with the sealed screen box 301; the first hot air blower 305 is provided inside the housing 304.

Inside both ends fixedly connected with sliding sleeve 6 in top of sealed sieve box 301, the inside of sliding sleeve 6 is provided with feeder hopper 7, and feeder hopper 7 upper end fixed mounting is in the top of box 1, and lower extreme sliding connection is in the inside of sliding sleeve 6.

Specifically, during the use, feather powder that will treat processing will add the inside of sealed sieve box 301 through feeder hopper 7, rotation through gear 401, make gyro wheel 308 rotate while gyro wheel 308 can carry out the jolt motion, setting through spring 302 and backup pad 303, can make sealed sieve box 301 vibrate that jolts, make feather powder loose simultaneously, avoid feather powder because humidity is great and too much adhesion conglomeration, simultaneously, open first air heater 305, utilize flexible hose 307 to let in the inside of sealed sieve box 301 with the geomantic omen, make feather powder to jolt dispersion screening, also carry out first step drying process simultaneously, feather powder partly after the bottom sieve mesh screening of sealed sieve box 301 enters into open mesh box 501, partly can directly discharge inside the bottom of box 1 through open mesh box 501 sieve's bottom sieve mesh.

Further, through the setting of sliding sleeve 6, restrict the bottom of feeder hopper 7 for sealed sieve box 301 does the vibration of jolting from top to bottom, utilizes the vibration of jolting from top to bottom to make feather powder and sealed sieve box 301 bottom produce the impact sense, makes feather powder scatter more easily.

The scheme in this embodiment can be selectively combined with the scheme in other embodiments.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 1, a transmission conveying mechanism 4 is disposed below the roller 308, and the transmission conveying mechanism 4 includes a gear 401, a rotating rod 402, a first bevel gear 403, a dual-axis motor 404, a second bevel gear 405, a third bevel gear 406, and a spiral conveying rod 407; the below of gyro wheel 308 is provided with gear 401, gear 401 runs through fixedly connected with dwang 402, the both ends of dwang 402 are rotated with box 1 and are connected, box 1 is passed to the right-hand member of dwang 402, and the first awl tooth of fixedly connected with 403, the below of first awl tooth 403 is provided with double-shaft motor 404, double-shaft motor 404 fixed mounting is in box 1 outer wall, and the equal fixedly connected with second awl tooth 405 in both ends, top second awl tooth 405 is connected with first awl tooth 403 meshing, below second awl tooth 405 meshing is connected with third awl tooth 406, the left side fixedly connected with auger delivery pole 407 of third awl tooth 406, auger delivery pole 407 rotates to be connected inside the bottom of box 1. The right side of the bottom of the box body 1 is provided with a discharge hole 10.

Specifically, during the use, make it drive second conical tooth 405 and rotate through opening double-shaft motor 404, the second conical tooth 405 of top drives first conical tooth 403 and dwang 402 and rotates for gear 401 rotates, and second conical tooth 405 of below drives screw conveyor 407 and rotates, and the feather powder that will pass through the stoving is carried to the outside through discharge gate 10.

Example 3:

referring to fig. 1 and 4, a linkage mechanism 5 is arranged below the sealed screen box 301, and the linkage mechanism 5 includes an open screen box 501, a connecting rod 502 and a sliding block 503; the connecting rods 502 are fixedly connected to two sides of the bottom of the sealed sieve box 301, the open sieve box 501 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rods 502, the sliding blocks 503 are slidably connected to the inner portions of two ends of the open sieve box 501, and the sliding blocks 503 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 1.

The outer wall of the left side of the box body 1 is fixedly provided with a second air heater 9, the left side is internally provided with a ventilation hole 8, and the second air heater 9 and the ventilation hole 8 are correspondingly arranged.

Specifically, during the use, when sealed sieve box 301 carries out the motion of jolting from top to bottom, sealed sieve box 301 drives opening sieve box 501 through connecting rod 502 and reciprocates, avoid the feather powder to pass through the too much detention in the inside of sealed sieve box 301, it is inconvenient to bring for the ejection of compact of feather powder, simultaneously, utilize second air heater 9 to let in hot-blastly through ventilative hole 8 to the inside of box 1, the feather powder that will air-dry the sifting out from sealed sieve box 301 below is drying at the in-process that drops, make the feather powder carry out the stoving processing of second step.

Further, through the setting of link gear 5, can prolong partial feather powder in the inside time of box 1, also prevent that the feather powder from all dropping to box 1 bottom simultaneously, avoid the feather powder to accumulate too much.

Further, the open sieve box 501 can be restricted by the arrangement of the sliding block 503.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic hydrolysis feather powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:

secondly, taking the cooked feather for enzymolysis;

2. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drying and screening all-in-one machine comprises a box body (1), wherein a tossing mechanism (3) is arranged above the interior of the box body (1), and the tossing mechanism (3) comprises a sealing sieve box (301), a spring (302), a supporting plate (303), a shell (304), a first air heater (305), a through hole (306), a flexible hose (307) and a roller (308);

a sealing sieve box (301) is arranged above the inner part of the box body (1), two ends of the bottom of the sealing sieve box (301) are fixedly connected with springs (302), the middle end of the bottom is fixedly provided with a roller (308), a supporting plate (303) is fixedly connected below the springs (302), and the supporting plate (303) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body (1);

a shell (304) is arranged above the sealed sieve box (301), the shell (304) is fixedly installed inside the top of the box body (1), a through hole (306) is formed inside the top of the shell (304), a flexible hose (307) is fixedly communicated inside the bottom of the shell, and one end of the flexible hose (307) is fixedly communicated with the sealed sieve box (301);

a first hot air blower (305) is arranged inside the shell (304).

3. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: a transmission conveying mechanism (4) is arranged below the roller (308), and the transmission conveying mechanism (4) comprises a gear (401), a rotating rod (402), a first bevel gear (403), a double-shaft motor (404), a second bevel gear (405), a third bevel gear (406) and a spiral conveying rod (407);

a gear (401) is arranged below the roller (308), the gear (401) is fixedly connected with a rotating rod (402) in a penetrating way, the two ends of the rotating rod (402) are rotatably connected with the box body (1), the right end of the rotating rod (402) penetrates through the box body (1), and is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (403), a double-shaft motor (404) is arranged below the first bevel gear (403), the double-shaft motor (404) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the box body (1), two ends of the first bevel gear are fixedly connected with second bevel gears (405), the upper second bevel gear (405) is in meshed connection with the first bevel gear (403), the lower second bevel gear (405) is in meshed connection with a third bevel gear (406), the left side of the third bevel gear (406) is fixedly connected with a spiral conveying rod (407), the spiral conveying rod (407) is rotatably connected to the inside of the bottom end of the box body (1).

4. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: a linkage mechanism (5) is arranged below the sealed sieve box (301), and the linkage mechanism (5) comprises an open sieve box (501), a connecting rod (502) and a sliding block (503);

the bottom two sides fixedly connected with connecting rod (502) of sealed sieve box (301), the bottom fixedly connected with opening sieve box (501) of connecting rod (502), the inside sliding connection in both ends of opening sieve box (501) has slider (503), slider (503) fixed connection in the inner wall of box (1).

5. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the inside both ends fixedly connected with sliding sleeve (6) in top of sealed sieve box (301), the inside of sliding sleeve (6) is provided with feeder hopper (7), feeder hopper (7) upper end fixed mounting in the top of box (1), and lower extreme sliding connection in the inside of sliding sleeve (6).

6. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the box body (1) is characterized in that a second air heater (9) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the left side of the box body (1), an air ventilation hole (8) is formed in the left side of the box body, and the second air heater (9) and the air ventilation hole (8) are arranged correspondingly.

7. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the right side of the bottom of the box body (1) is provided with a discharge hole (10).

8. The method for preparing the enzymatic hydrolysis feather meal with high digestibility according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the outer walls of two ends of the bottom of the box body (1) are fixedly connected with bases (2).