CN114052046B - Application of chenopodium quinoa linn in preventing and treating root rot - Google Patents
Application of chenopodium quinoa linn in preventing and treating root rot Download PDFInfo
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- CN114052046B CN114052046B CN202111401965.8A CN202111401965A CN114052046B CN 114052046 B CN114052046 B CN 114052046B CN 202111401965 A CN202111401965 A CN 202111401965A CN 114052046 B CN114052046 B CN 114052046B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of biological control, and particularly relates to application of chenopodium album linn in controlling root rot. The technical scheme is as follows: use of Chenopodium album in inhibiting activity or growth of Fusarium solani (Fusarium solani). The method analyzes the species and community structure of the weeds in the pepper garden through community survey, determines dominant companion weeds, and determines the inhibition rate of the dominant companion weeds on fusarium solani, a pathogenic bacterium of root rot, by adopting a growth rate method, so that a new species chenopodium quinoa with bacteriostatic activity is screened out, and a foundation is laid for further developing a novel botanical fungicide and preventing and treating the root rot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological control, and particularly relates to application of chenopodium album linn in controlling root rot.
Background
Root rot is a devastating soil-borne disease with Fusarium solani (Fusarium solani) as the main pathogenic bacterium, and is one of the main diseases of various commercial crops including pepper. Root rot can cause the decay of plant root system, emitting peculiar smell, easily separating root bark from xylem, reducing and yellowing blades of overground parts, incomplete branch development and small fruit, finally leading to withering of the whole plant.
At present, chemical pesticides are mostly used for preventing and treating root rot, but the problems of environmental pollution, ecological damage, pathogenic bacteria resistance enhancement and the like can be caused. Compared with chemical pesticides, the botanical fungicide has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, safety to non-target organisms, difficulty in generating drug resistance, specific action mode, capability of promoting crop growth and improving disease resistance and the like, can be used for pertinently preventing and treating soil-borne diseases, and is a more effective way for solving root rot. The botanical fungicide refers to some antibacterial substances contained in plants or generated by induction, and the antibacterial substances comprise various types such as alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, organic acids, phenolic compounds and the like. Botanical fungicides are widely available in nature and are an important source of biopesticides.
The method is used for screening out plants with bacteriostatic activity from various plant resources, and is the basis of research on botanical fungicides. Rongai and the like screen out 15 plants such as garlic, burdock and the like from 500 plants, and can inhibit tomato fusarium wilt; zhang Yanning methanol extracts of rhizoma Coptidis and rhizoma Ligustici selected from 56 plants can inhibit cucumber fusarium wilt. Sun Wei ethanol extracts of Tianming essence, kuh-seng and Mulberry bark from 101 plants are selected to inhibit Malus pumila Leyss. However, no research on the use of plant-derived fungicides for controlling root rot, particularly pepper root rot, has been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of chenopodium quinoa linn in preventing and treating root rot.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: use of Chenopodium quinoa for inhibiting activity or growth of Fusarium solani (Fusarium solani).
Correspondingly, the application of the chenopodium quinoa linn in preventing and treating the root rot of plants.
Preferably, the plant root rot is pepper root rot.
Correspondingly, the bacteriostatic solution can inhibit Fusarium solani (Fusarium solani) or prevent and treat plant root rot, and is extracted from chenopodium album linn.
Preferably, the antibacterial liquid is Chenopodium album leaf alcohol extract.
Preferably, the antibacterial liquid is a methanol extract of chenopodium quinoa.
Preferably, the Chenopodium album linn is soaked in alcohol as a solvent to obtain the antibacterial liquid, and the material-liquid ratio of the solvent to the Chenopodium album linn is 1:5-1, g/mL.
Correspondingly, the preparation method of the antibacterial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning Chenopodium album Linn, oven drying to constant weight, and pulverizing;
(2) Soaking Chenopodium quinoa with alcohol as solvent at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:5-1, g/mL for more than 24h, centrifuging, filtering, collecting supernatant, filtering, and sterilizing to obtain Chenopodium quinoa extract, i.e. bacteriostatic agent.
Preferably, the solvent is anhydrous methanol.
Preferably, after filtering and taking supernatant in the step (2), adding equivalent methanol into filter residue, soaking the filter residue for more than 24 hours, centrifuging and filtering, taking supernatant, and combining the two supernatants to obtain the chenopodium album leaf extract.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the accompanying weeds can stably grow in a pepper garden with outbreak of root rot, and the survival mechanism of the accompanying weeds cannot be ignored. Compared with the method for screening bacteriostatic plants from a huge plant resource library, the screening of the bacteriostatic activity of the associated weeds enables the development of the botanical fungicide to be more targeted. Therefore, the inventor group analyzes the species and community structure of the weeds in the pepper garden through community survey, determines the dominant accompanying weeds, and determines the inhibition rate of the dominant accompanying weeds on fusarium solani, a pathogenic bacterium of root rot, by adopting a growth rate method, so that a new species chenopodium album linn with bacteriostatic activity is screened, and a foundation is laid for further developing a novel botanical fungicide and preventing and treating the pepper root rot.
In practical bacteriostatic application, since bacteriostatic active substances in chenopodium quinoa linn bodies cannot play a role under natural conditions, the chenopodium quinoa linn is difficult to take effect when being directly planted in a region needing bacteriostasis. Therefore, the inventor aims to carry out alcohol extraction on the Chenopodium album Linn to obtain the bacteriostatic liquid capable of being directly used. On the basis of the bacteriostatic solution, those skilled in the art further use activity tracing method, various chromatographic techniques, etc. to separate and purify various possible bacteriostatic active components in the bacteriostatic solution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the bacteriostatic effect of a blank control group;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bacteriostasis of liverwort after 5 days of culture at the bacteriostasis concentration of 0.08 g/mL;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the bacteriostasis of Chenopodium album Linn after culturing for 5 days at a bacteriostasis concentration of 0.08 g/mL;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of Geranium wilfordii bacteriostasis after culturing for 5 days under the bacteriostasis concentration of 0.08 g/mL.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an application of Chenopodium quinoa for preventing and treating diseases caused by Fusarium solani including root rot. The preferable scheme is as follows: soaking Chenopodium quinoa with alcohol or other solvent to obtain Chenopodium quinoa extract. Because the polarity of the methanol is greater than that of the ethanol, the solubility of most lipophilic components is better than that of the ethanol, and the methanol is volatile, so that the solvent can be conveniently evaporated and removed in the subsequent further test, the more preferable scheme is as follows: soaking Chenopodium album Linn with methanol. The Chenopodium quinoa extract is a bacteriostatic agent of Fusarium solani, and can be directly sprayed or diluted and then sprayed to an area to be treated by adopting the conventional technical means in the industry, or dried into powder/granulated for storage and use, or used as an additive of fertilizers and the like. The preservation temperature of the extracting solution is less than or equal to 4 ℃.
The more preferable scheme is as follows: washing and drying the chenopodium album linn to constant weight, crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, soaking the chenopodium album linn for more than 24 hours by using anhydrous methanol as a solvent according to a material-liquid ratio (g/mL) of 1:5-1. Taking the feed-liquid ratio 1:5 as an example, 5mL of anhydrous methanol was added to 1g of dry plant sample. Adding equal amount of methanol into the residue, soaking, centrifuging, filtering, and collecting supernatant. Mixing filtrates, filtering with 0.22 μm filter membrane for sterilization to obtain Chenopodium album leaf extractive solution as antibacterial agent. The Chenopodium quinoa extract is preferably preserved at 4 deg.C under refrigeration. When in use, the Chenopodium quinoa extract is directly sprayed to the area to be treated, or diluted as required. The preferable use concentration of the chenopodium quinoa extract is more than or equal to 0.01g/mL. The concentration refers to the solubility of the dry chenopodium quinoa sample in a final use solution after being fully extracted, and 0.01g/mL is taken as an example, 0.5g of the extract obtained after the dry chenopodium quinoa sample is fully extracted is diluted to 50mL for use.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. The data obtained are the average values obtained after at least 3 repetitions, and each repetition is valid.
The first embodiment is as follows: accompanying weed composition in pepper garden and antibacterial effect display
1. In order to improve the data accuracy, pathogenic bacteria and associated weeds collected by the method are from different positions of a plurality of pepper gardens, and the method relates to the situation that the pepper gardens are respectively positioned in the black tiger town Su Guping village, the ditch-mouth town cock village, the ditch-mouth water-proof lawn village and the overlapped stream town village of Mao county, qiang nationality of Acacia, sichuan province.
Pathogenic bacteria are separated and screened from the root system of the pepper with the root rot disease in the pepper garden, and are identified as Fusarium solani by gene identification. According to literature reference and pepper planting test verification, the microorganism is found to have strong pathogenicity on pepper. And fully activating the fusarium solani on a PDA culture medium for later use.
2. 45 kinds of accompanying weeds are discovered and collected from the zanthoxylum bungeanum field, belong to the 42 genera of 23 families, and are specifically shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 accompanying species of Zanthoxylum bungeanum
3. Selecting 20 weeds with the importance value of more than 0.05 and weeds which have certain bacteriostatic effect proved by early tests from the table 1, cleaning, drying in a 65 ℃ oven to constant weight, crushing and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve. And soaking the weeds in water or absolute methanol for 24 hours respectively, wherein the feed-liquid ratio (g/mL) of the weeds to the water is 1. Shaking by a shaking table (220 r/min) in the soaking process, performing ultrasonic leaching (300 w) for 30min after the shaking is finished, centrifuging (4000 r/min,5 min), filtering by filter paper, and collecting the supernatant. Adding the same amount of the same solvent (water or anhydrous methanol) into the residue, repeating the above steps, and mixing the filtrates. Evaporating and concentrating the combined filtrate in a rotary evaporator, performing ultrasonic treatment for 15min, mixing thoroughly, diluting with the same solvent to obtain extractive solutions with different concentrations, and filtering with 0.22 μm filter membrane for sterilization to obtain weed extract.
4. Inoculating the fusarium solani to a PDA culture medium, and culturing for 48h in the dark at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain mycelium blocks. Then 1mL of each extract prepared in step 3 was mixed with 49mL of PDA medium in a molten state (40-60 ℃) to prepare a PDA plate, and an equal amount of solvent was added instead of the extract as a blank Control (CK). Perforating concentric circles in a culture medium for activating pathogenic bacteria with a perforator of 6.5mm diameter, inoculating hypha blocks to the center of each PDA plate, repeating for 3 times each treatment, each repetition comprising 3 plates, and placing all plates in a 30 deg.C incubator for dark inverted culture. When the diameter of the bacterial colony is 2/3 of that of the culture dish, the hypha diameter is measured by adopting a cross method, and the inhibition rate calculation method comprises the following steps: inhibition = (average diameter of blank colonies-average diameter of each treated colony)/(average diameter of blank colony-diameter of cake) × 100%. The results of testing the bacteriostasis effect of each weed leaching solution with the concentration of 0.02g/mL are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 demonstration of the Effect of each weed on the inhibition of Fusarium solani
As can be seen from Table 2, when the concentration of the extract is 0.02g/mL, the effect of the associated weed water extract and the methanol extract on the growth of Fusarium solani hyphae is obviously different. In the water extract, except the geranium wilfordii, other tested weeds can remarkably promote the growth of fusarium solani hyphae. In the methanol extracting solution, 14 tested weeds have a promoting effect on the growth of fusarium solani hyphae, and 6 tested weeds have a remarkable inhibiting effect on the growth of the fusarium solani hyphae, wherein the inhibiting rates of liverwort, artemisia annua, chenopodium chrysanthemi and geranium are respectively 34.01%, 20.09%, 17.41% and 11.40%, the inhibiting rates are extremely remarkable compared with CK, and the inhibiting rates of raspberry and polygonum pinnatum are respectively 7.77% and 5.58%, and are remarkable compared with CK.
Example two: the relation between the concentration of the associated weed extract in the zanthoxylum bungeanum garden and the antibacterial effect shows that 1, 6 associated weeds (liverwort, artemisia annua, chenopodium album linn, geranium wilfordii, raspberry and polygonum pinnatum) with the inhibiting effect of the alcohol extract on fusarium solani are selected, and 4 methanol extracts with gradient concentrations of 0.01g/mL, 0.02g/mL, 0.04g/mL and 0.08g/mL are respectively prepared by the same method as the embodiment one.
2. The inhibition rate after 3d, 4d and 5d cultivation was measured using 6 accompanying weeds according to the method of example one for measuring the inhibition rate of fusarium solani, and a blank control was set in the same manner as in example one, and the results are shown in table 3. In Table 3, the concentration is in g/mL, the colony diameter is in mm, and the inhibition is in%.
Table 3 demonstration of the effect of each of the weed alcohol extracts on the inhibition of fusarium solani at different concentrations
As can be seen from table 3: when the concentration is 0.01g/mL, only liverwort and geranium show extremely remarkable bacteriostatic effects, and the bacteriostatic effects reach the maximum at the 5 th culture day, and the inhibitory rates are 28.65% and 11.18% respectively. When the concentration is 0.02g/mL, the liverwort, the artemisia annua, the geranium and the chenopodium album all show very obvious bacteriostatic action, and the inhibition strength is more than the liverwort and the geranium and more than the chenopodium album and more than the artemisia annua. When the concentration is 0.04g/mL, the other 5 weeds except the polygonum hydropiper show very obvious bacteriostasis, and the inhibition strength shows that liverwort is more than geranium wilfordii, artemisia annua, raspberry is more than chenopodium album. When the concentration is 0.08g/mL, the bacteriostatic action of the 6 weed extracts reaches an extremely remarkable level, and the inhibition strength is represented by liverwort > artemisia annua > quinoa chrysanthemi indicum > geranium > raspberry > polygonum pinnatum. After culturing for 5 days under 0.08g/mL, the blank control schematic diagram is shown in figure 1, the liverwort bacteriostatic schematic diagram is shown in figure 2, the chenopodium album bacteriostatic schematic diagram is shown in figure 3, and the geranium bacteriostatic schematic diagram is shown in figure 4. Due to too many groups, only a few groups with the most obvious bacteriostatic effect are shown, and the rest bacteriostatic effect graphs are not shown one by one.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications, variations, modifications, and substitutions which may be made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. Use of Chenopodium quinoa for inhibiting Fusarium solani (F. Solani)Fusarium solani) The use of the compound (A) for the activity or growth or killing of Fusarium solani, characterized in that: the application uses an alcohol extract of Chenopodium quinoa Hance.
2. The application of the chenopodium quinoa linn in preventing and treating the plant root rot is characterized in that: the application uses an alcohol extract of Chenopodium quinoa and the plant root rot is caused by Fusarium solani.
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that: the plant root rot is pepper root rot.
4. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the application uses methanol extract of Chenopodium quinoa L.
5. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the preparation method of the Chenopodium quinoa alcohol extract comprises the following steps: the antibacterial liquid is obtained by soaking chenopodium quinoa with alcohol as a solvent, wherein the material-liquid ratio of the solvent to the chenopodium quinoa is 1:5-1.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the preparation method of the chenopodium quinoa alcohol extract comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning Chenopodium album Linn, oven drying to constant weight, and pulverizing;
(2) Soaking chenopodium album linn for more than 24 hours by using alcohol as a solvent according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:5-1 by 10 g/mL, centrifuging, filtering, taking supernatant, filtering and sterilizing to obtain the chenopodium album linn alcohol extract.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the solvent is absolute methanol.
8. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: filtering in the step (2) to obtain supernatant, adding equivalent methanol into the filter residue, soaking the filter residue for more than 24h, centrifuging, filtering, collecting supernatant, and mixing the two supernatants to obtain the Chenopodium quinoa extract.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20030091657A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-05-15 | Helene Chiasson | Plant acaricidal compositions and method using same |
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| CN102618386A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-08-01 | 东南大学 | Method for preparing chenopodium vulvaria volatile oil and application of chenopodium vulvaria volatile oil |
| CN104782667A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-22 | 中国农业大学 | Use of Chenopodium vulvaria plant volatile oil in prevention and treatment of plant mites |
| CN106538615A (en) * | 2016-10-23 | 2017-03-29 | 张颂忠 | A kind of hydrojet for preventing and kill off red flour beetle |
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| Protective role of fat hen (Chenopodium album L.) extract and gamma irradiation treatments against fusarium root rot disease in sunflower plants;M. A. Abu-Tahon 等;《Plant Biology》;20201231;第23卷;第497-507页 * |
| 菊叶香藜总生物碱的提取工艺及抑菌活性研究;熊健等;《黑龙江畜牧兽医》;20181031(第20期);第169-172页 * |
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