CN114047719A - Remote monitoring and evaluating system and operation method for rural domestic sewage treatment facility - Google Patents
Remote monitoring and evaluating system and operation method for rural domestic sewage treatment facility Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote monitoring and evaluating system and an operating method of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, aiming at the problems that a large number of small and scattered rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities are not suitable for installing conventional on-line monitoring facilities and the operating conditions of the facilities are difficult to monitor, control and supervise, the remote monitoring and evaluating system and the operating method couple a rural sewage distributed treatment facility sewage water quality monitoring soft measurement technology with a sewage treatment core equipment operating state remote monitoring technology by optimizing a rural sewage treatment facility remote water quality parameter monitoring scheme, monitor and monitor the operating conditions of the rural distributed domestic sewage treatment facilities, and provide support for the stable standard-reaching operation of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities, the improvement of rural sewage operation and maintenance management level and the effective supervision of pollution treatment facilities by a management department.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rural sewage treatment, and particularly belongs to a remote monitoring and evaluating system and an operation method for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities.
Background
At present, a great number of rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities are built, and rural domestic sewage is treated by the distributed treatment facilities, so that the rural environmental sanitation level and the water environment quality of a corresponding drainage basin can be greatly improved. However, the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities have the characteristics of small unit scale, large integral quantity, distributed dispersion, unstable sewage flow caused by low sewage collection rate due to insufficient construction of a sewage pipe network, and the like, so that the problem of professional and technical personnel shortage for operation and maintenance is caused, and meanwhile, the operation and maintenance cost is high, the operation and maintenance are difficult, so that most rural sewage distributed treatment facilities cannot stably and effectively operate for a long time, and particularly, whether the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities operate or not and how the operation conditions are difficult to effectively master and supervise due to remote positions and distributed dispersion of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities. The distributed treatment facilities of the vast rural domestic sewage become blind areas for monitoring and supervision.
Under the requirement of operation management of sewage treatment facilities, more perfect online water quality monitoring equipment is popularized in centralized urban sewage treatment plants in the field of sewage treatment, and an effective means is provided for mastering the operation conditions of the centralized sewage treatment plants in real time. However, the water quality on-line monitoring equipment widely applied to the centralized urban sewage treatment plant is not suitable for rural sewage distributed treatment facilities with small single sewage treatment facility scale, small project investment and low operation and maintenance cost due to the problems of expensive equipment, large construction investment, high operation and maintenance cost and the like. Therefore, the conventional water quality on-line monitoring equipment is installed on a large number of rural sewage distributed treatment facilities, which is not in line with the actual rural domestic sewage treatment.
Therefore, aiming at the characteristics of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities and the actual requirements on operation, maintenance and supervision, research and development of a system which is cheap in equipment, low in operation and maintenance cost, scientific and accurate and can realize scientific, effective and real-time monitoring and evaluation on the operation conditions of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities are urgently needed, so that the problems that the operation and maintenance units carry out remote real-time monitoring control and how to implement real-time and convenient supervision on the operation condition of each distributed rural domestic sewage treatment facility are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a remote monitoring and evaluating system and an operation method for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, aiming at solving the problems that the existing online monitoring equipment for the water quality discharged by the sewage treatment facilities has large investment and high daily maintenance cost and cannot adapt to the practical situations of large quantity, small scale, low operation and maintenance cost and the like of rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities, and providing the remote monitoring and evaluating system for the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities, which is coupled by multiple parameters such as various cheap water quality sensors, a sewage treatment facility operation core equipment operation monitoring circuit, sewage treatment flow and the like.
(2) Technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a remote monitoring and evaluating system for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, which comprises a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module, a treatment process information acquisition module, a data processing and analyzing platform and a client interaction application terminal;
the monitoring terminal comprises a sewage quality sensor, a sewage treatment equipment running state monitoring circuit, flow monitoring equipment and video monitoring equipment, wherein the sewage quality sensor comprises a plurality of sensors for monitoring different water quality parameters, and the water quality condition is monitored in real time through the sewage quality sensor; the sewage treatment equipment running state monitoring circuit is used for acquiring the running state of each sewage treatment equipment in real time; the flow monitoring equipment is used for monitoring and metering the flow of the treated sewage; the video monitoring equipment assists managers to remotely check the running conditions of the sewage treatment facility and the online monitoring system through real-time monitoring and image snapshot;
the data transmission module is used for transmitting the effluent quality data, the running state of the sewage treatment equipment, the water flow data and the video image information which are acquired by the monitoring terminal to the data processing and analyzing platform;
the treatment process information acquisition module is used for acquiring information of the normal operation of the treatment facility equipment, such as operation system information, process parameters, sewage discharge standards and the like of the treatment process of the sewage treatment facility;
the data processing and analyzing platform comprises a data receiving and storing module, a soft measuring module, an operating condition analyzing and evaluating module and an early warning module, wherein the data receiving and storing module is used for receiving and storing data information transmitted by the data transmission module and processing process information; the soft measurement module is used for receiving water quality data acquired by the water quality sensor, and acquiring further examination target water quality parameters by the soft measurement mathematical model after pretreatment; the operation condition analysis and evaluation module is used for comprehensively evaluating the operation condition of the sewage treatment facility by integrating the operation state of the sewage treatment equipment, water flow measurement data and the assessment target water quality parameter obtained by the soft measurement module and feeding back the operation condition to the client interaction application terminal; the early warning module is used for timely transmitting abnormal information to the customer interaction application terminal through a corresponding communication path when the evaluation result of the sewage treatment facility is abnormal;
the client interactive application terminal is used for receiving and displaying the running state of the sewage treatment facility after being processed and analyzed by the data processing and analyzing platform, and meanwhile, managers can monitor the sewage treatment facility in real time according to the information viewed on the client interactive application terminal.
The remote online monitoring system of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility selects the corresponding low-cost water quality sensor according to the difference of the actual treated water quantity, the actual treated water quality, the actual operation process and the actual scale of the sewage treatment facility, and has the advantage of high adaptability; the running state of the sewage treatment facility is evaluated by integrating the sewage quality soft measurement technology and the running state of the sewage treatment equipment, so that the problems of high price and harsh arrangement conditions of the existing water quality on-line monitoring equipment are solved, and the effective supervision of the rural sewage treatment facility is realized.
Preferably, the running state monitoring circuit of the sewage treatment equipment adopts a current transducer to monitor the running states of the water pump and the fan, and obtains the starting and stopping states and the running working conditions of the equipment.
Preferably, the sewage quality sensor comprises a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a conductivity sensor; the pH sensor is used for detecting the pH value of the sewage, the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for detecting the dissolved oxygen of the sewage, and the conductivity sensor is used for detecting the conductivity of the sewage.
Preferably, the flow monitoring device is used for monitoring the flow parameter of the sewage treated by the sewage treatment facility.
Preferably, the data transmission module standardizes signals collected by the sensor, the flow monitoring equipment and the current transducer, collects the data by the data collector, and sends the data to the data processing and analyzing platform through a wireless communication network.
Preferably, the wireless communication network adopts a GPRS and Internet network system.
Preferably, the soft measurement module firstly normalizes the collected water quality data and eliminates abnormal data to obtain preliminary data, and then inputs the obtained preliminary data into a trained mathematical model to perform soft measurement, namely, the further assessment target water quality parameters to be monitored and monitored are obtained through the soft measurement mathematical model.
In actual practice, the monitored water quality parameter involved is COD.
Furthermore, the soft measurement mathematical model is an improved Gaussian mixture regression model, a neural network model and a support vector machine method.
In the field of sewage parameter soft measurement, the BP neural network is most applied, but the BP neural network has the defects of easy formation of local minimum, multiple training times, low convergence rate and the like, so the application is limited to a certain extent. The RBF network has strong generalization, information processing, nonlinear mapping and other capabilities, and is simple in algorithm and strong in analysis capability, so that the RBF network is often used as a choice outside the BP network. However, in practical application, the number of hidden layer nodes of the RBF network and the center and width of the hidden layer radial basis function are difficult to determine. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention adopts the SOM network with clear clustering principle and simple structural design to improve the RBF network, and constructs a remote monitoring and evaluating system of rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities based on the RBF network.
Further, for the improved gaussian mixture regression model, the model establishment process is as follows: preprocessing a training set, combining input data and output data into a new vector, giving the maximum value and the minimum value of the number of Gaussian components, and selecting a minimum gradient criterion as a criterion function;
initializing Gaussian mixture model parameters of a given Gaussian component number by using an improved K-medoids algorithm, randomly selecting a specified number of points from a training data sample as an initial clustering center point, dividing other data in the sample into the specified number of clusters according to a recent principle, continuously updating the clustering center point until the clustering center point is stable, calculating the weight ratio of each Gaussian component according to the number of the samples in each cluster, taking the clustering center point as the mean value of a GMR (giant magneto resistive) model, and calculating the covariance of each Gaussian component by using a covariance formula;
repeatedly calculating and updating posterior probability, weight, mean value and covariance of the model by adopting an EM algorithm, selecting and deleting the least probable Gaussian component by searching the minimum weight, and combining the least probable Gaussian component with the closest Gaussian component into a new Gaussian component until the number of the Gaussian components is less than the minimum value;
establishing a GMR model of input and output joint probability density;
fitting a GMR model, selecting an optimal Gaussian component through a minimum gradient criterion function, and obtaining optimal parameters of the model;
daily operation of the established model:
preprocessing the data set;
decomposing the mean vector and the covariance matrix of each Gaussian component of the GMR model, and calculating the posterior probability and the conditional probability of the data set;
and carrying out weighted summation on each Gaussian component, and outputting a water quality parameter predicted value.
The invention also provides an operation method of the remote monitoring and evaluating system for the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, which is carried out by using the remote monitoring and evaluating system for the rural domestic sewage treatment facility, and comprises the following specific steps:
training and pre-running of system
Before the remote monitoring and evaluation system is formally operated, the monitoring system is trained and pre-operated, and the specific implementation flow method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a COD (chemical oxygen demand) online measuring sensor is temporarily arranged at a monitoring terminal to provide initial conditions and training samples for a water quality parameter COD soft measuring system, and data collected by the COD sensor is transmitted to a data processing and analyzing platform;
step two, the water quality parameter data collected by the monitoring terminal are transmitted to a data processing and analyzing platform;
thirdly, training and checking the water quality parameter data of the monitoring terminal and the data collected by the COD sensor through a mathematical model of the soft measurement module;
after the training is qualified, removing the COD on-line measuring sensor, and enabling the remote monitoring and evaluating system to enter a normal operation stage;
second, normal monitoring operation and evaluation stage operation
Step one, acquiring the water quality parameters obtained by the soft measurement module, comparing the water quality parameters with an executed discharge standard, feeding the unqualified water quality parameters back to a manager when the water quality parameters do not reach the discharge standard, and performing early warning, wherein the step two is performed when the water quality parameters reach the discharge standard;
step two, acquiring running state and flow data of a water pump and a fan, comprehensively analyzing running technological running parameters of the sewage treatment facility, feeding back abnormal types to an administrator and carrying out early warning if the running technological running parameters are not met, and entering the following step three if the running technological running parameters are normal;
step three, integrating the information of the step one and the step two, and drawing a conclusion on the operation condition of the sewage treatment facility: namely whether the facility is in operation and whether the effluent quality reaches the standard. And feeding back the evaluation result to the client interactive application terminal.
Preferably, the client interaction application terminal comprises a remote computer and a mobile terminal device, and an administrator can access the server platform through a webpage or access the server platform through an APP on the mobile terminal device, so that convenient management of the sewage treatment facility is realized.
(3) Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the technical scheme of the invention only needs to install a small amount of cheap and stable water quality sensors with data remote transmission function by relying on the water quality monitoring of the soft measurement technology, and can obviously reduce the operation and maintenance cost of rural sewage treatment facilities.
Secondly, the water quality data analyzed by the soft measurement technology in the technical scheme of the invention has high accuracy and is slightly influenced by external adverse monitoring environmental factors.
Thirdly, the low-cost water quality sensor in the technical scheme of the invention can generally adapt to more complex water quality conditions, so that the remote online monitoring system of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility related by the invention has strong universality and wide deployment range.
According to the technical scheme, the water quality parameters obtained by soft measurement and the running state of the equipment are evaluated comprehensively, and the interference of water inlet working conditions can be eliminated when the treatment effect of the sewage treatment facility is evaluated only by the water quality parameters.
And fifthly, feeding back the treatment effect of the sewage treatment facility in real time, giving early warning in time when a fault occurs, returning the fault reason, assisting an administrator to quickly and accurately treat the fault, and effectively ensuring the stable operation of the sewage treatment facility.
In general, the technical scheme of the invention aims at the problems that a large number of small and scattered rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities are not suitable for installing conventional on-line monitoring facilities and the operation conditions of the facilities are difficult to monitor, control and supervise, and couples the rural sewage distributed treatment facility sewage water quality monitoring soft measurement technology with the sewage treatment core equipment operation state remote monitoring technology by optimizing the rural sewage treatment facility remote water quality parameter monitoring scheme, thereby providing support for the stable standard-reaching operation of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities, the improvement of the rural sewage operation and maintenance management level and the effective supervision of pollution control.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote online monitoring system of a rural domestic sewage decentralized processing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of COD soft measurement mathematical model training and pre-operation debugging in a specific implementation mode of the remote online monitoring system of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facility.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the remote on-line monitoring system of the rural domestic sewage decentralized processing facility in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easily understood and obvious, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below to further illustrate the invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments.
Example 1
The specific embodiment is a remote monitoring and evaluating system and an operation method for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and the system comprises a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module, a treatment process information acquisition module, a data processing and analyzing platform and a customer interaction application terminal.
The monitoring terminal comprises a sewage quality sensor, a sewage treatment equipment running state monitoring circuit, flow monitoring equipment and video monitoring equipment, wherein the sewage quality sensor comprises a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a conductivity sensor; the pH sensor is used for detecting the pH value of the sewage, the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for detecting the dissolved oxygen of the sewage, and the conductivity sensor is used for detecting the conductivity of the sewage; the flow monitoring equipment is used for monitoring the sewage flow parameters treated by the sewage treatment facility; the video monitoring equipment assists managers to remotely check the running conditions of the sewage treatment facilities and the online monitoring system through real-time monitoring and image snapshot.
The sewage quality sensor comprises a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a conductivity sensor; the pH sensor is used for detecting the pH value of the sewage, the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for detecting the dissolved oxygen of the sewage, and the conductivity sensor is used for detecting the conductivity of the sewage.
The flow monitoring equipment adopts an ultrasonic flowmeter and is used for monitoring the sewage flow parameters treated by the sewage treatment facility.
The water quality sensor and the ultrasonic flowmeter are connected with the data acquisition instrument through RS485 communication lines, the current transmitter is connected with the data acquisition instrument through a 4-20mA direct current wire, and the data transmission module is used for standardizing signals received by the data acquisition instrument and transmitting the data to the data processing and analyzing platform through a wireless communication network.
The data transmission module is used for transmitting the effluent quality data, the running state of the sewage treatment equipment, the water flow data and the video image information which are collected by the monitoring terminal to the data processing and analyzing platform.
The treatment process information acquisition module is used for acquiring information of the normal operation of the treatment facility equipment, such as operation system information, process parameters, sewage discharge standards and the like of a treatment process of the sewage treatment facility;
the running state monitoring circuit of the sewage treatment equipment monitors the running states of the water pump and the fan by adopting the current transducer, and obtains the starting and stopping states and the running working conditions of the equipment.
The data processing and analyzing platform comprises a data receiving and storing module, a soft measuring module, an operating condition analyzing and evaluating module and an early warning module, wherein the data receiving and storing module is used for receiving and storing data information transmitted by the data transmitting module and processing process information; the soft measurement module is used for receiving the water quality data acquired by the water quality sensor, and acquiring further examination target water quality parameters by the soft measurement mathematical model after pretreatment; the operation condition analysis and evaluation module is used for comprehensively evaluating the operation condition of the sewage treatment facility by integrating the operation state of the sewage treatment equipment, water flow measurement data and the assessment target water quality parameter obtained by the soft measurement module and feeding back the operation condition to the client interaction application terminal; and the early warning module is used for timely transmitting abnormal information to the client interaction application terminal through a corresponding communication path when the evaluation result of the sewage treatment facility is abnormal.
The customer interactive application terminal is used for receiving and displaying the running state of the sewage treatment facility after being processed and analyzed by the data processing and analyzing platform, and managers can monitor the sewage treatment facility in real time according to the information viewed on the terminal.
The remote on-line monitoring system of the rural domestic sewage treatment facility selects the corresponding low-cost water quality sensor according to the difference of the actual treated water quantity, the actual treated water quality, the actual operation process and the actual scale of the sewage treatment facility, and has the advantage of high adaptability; the running state of the sewage treatment facility is evaluated by integrating the sewage quality soft measurement technology and the running state of the sewage treatment equipment, so that the problems of high price and harsh arrangement conditions of the existing water quality on-line monitoring equipment are solved, and the effective supervision of the rural sewage treatment facility is realized.
The data transmission module is used for standardizing signals collected by the sensor, the flow monitoring equipment and the current transducer, collecting the data by the data collector, and sending the data to the data processing and analyzing platform through the wireless communication network. Namely, the video monitoring equipment is provided with a wireless communication module, and can directly send videos and pictures to the data processing and analyzing platform through a wireless communication network, and the wireless communication network adopts a GPRS and Internet network system.
The soft measurement module firstly normalizes the collected water quality data and eliminates abnormal data to obtain preliminary data, and then inputs the obtained preliminary data into a trained mathematical model to perform soft measurement, namely, further examination target water quality parameters needing to be monitored and monitored are obtained through the soft measurement mathematical model. Meanwhile, the soft measurement mathematical model is an improved Gaussian regression model, a neural network, a support vector machine method and the like.
For neural network training, the embodiment adopts an improved Gaussian mixture regression model, and the model establishment process is as follows: preprocessing a training set, combining input data and output data into a new vector, giving the maximum value and the minimum value of the number of Gaussian components, and selecting a minimum gradient criterion as a criterion function;
initializing Gaussian mixture model parameters of a given Gaussian component number by using an improved K-medoids algorithm, randomly selecting a specified number of points from a training data sample as an initial clustering center point, dividing other data in the sample into the specified number of clusters according to a recent principle, continuously updating the clustering center point until the clustering center point is stable, calculating the weight ratio of each Gaussian component according to the number of the samples in each cluster, taking the clustering center point as the mean value of a GMR (giant magneto resistive) model, and calculating the covariance of each Gaussian component by using a covariance formula;
repeatedly calculating and updating posterior probability, weight, mean value and covariance of the model by adopting an EM algorithm, selecting and deleting the least probable Gaussian component by searching the minimum weight, and combining the least probable Gaussian component with the closest Gaussian component into a new Gaussian component until the number of the Gaussian components is less than the minimum value;
establishing a GMR model of input and output joint probability density;
fitting a GMR model, selecting an optimal Gaussian component through a minimum gradient criterion function, and obtaining optimal parameters of the model;
daily operation of the established model:
preprocessing the data set;
decomposing the mean vector and the covariance matrix of each Gaussian component of the GMR model, and calculating the posterior probability and the conditional probability of the data set;
and carrying out weighted summation on each Gaussian component, and outputting a water quality parameter predicted value.
The operation method of the remote monitoring and evaluating system for the rural domestic sewage treatment facility comprises the following specific steps:
the operation method of the remote online monitoring and evaluating system is as follows:
training and pre-running of system
Before the remote monitoring and evaluating system is formally operated, the monitoring system is trained and pre-operated, a flow chart of COD soft measurement mathematical model training and pre-operation debugging is shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation flow method is as follows (the following method is exemplified by COD soft measurement mathematical model training, but the method is not limited to COD soft measurement, and other conventional water quality parameters related in the emission standard can also be subjected to soft measurement by adopting the method):
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a COD (chemical oxygen demand) online measuring sensor is temporarily arranged at a monitoring terminal to provide initial conditions and training samples for a water quality parameter COD soft measuring system, and data collected by the COD sensor is transmitted to a data processing and analyzing platform.
And step two, the water quality parameter data collected by the monitoring terminal are transmitted to a data processing and analyzing platform.
And step three, training and checking the water quality parameter data of the monitoring terminal and the data collected by the COD sensor through a mathematical model of the soft measurement module.
And step four, removing the COD on-line measuring sensor after the training is qualified, and enabling the remote monitoring and evaluating system to enter a normal operation stage.
Second, normal monitoring operation and evaluation stage operation
In daily actual operation, the soft measurement module firstly normalizes the collected water quality data and eliminates abnormal data to obtain preliminary data; and inputting the obtained preliminary data into a trained mathematical model for soft measurement to obtain further water quality parameters to be monitored and monitored, wherein a flow chart of the operation of the remote monitoring and evaluating system is shown in fig. 3.
Step one, acquiring water quality parameters obtained by a soft measurement module, comparing the water quality parameters with an executed discharge standard, feeding the unqualified water quality parameters back to a manager when the water quality parameters do not reach the discharge standard, and performing early warning, wherein the step two is carried out when the water quality parameters reach the discharge standard;
step two, acquiring running state and flow data of a water pump and a fan, comprehensively analyzing running technological running parameters of the sewage treatment facility, feeding back abnormal types to an administrator and carrying out early warning if the running technological running parameters are not met, and entering the following step three if the running technological running parameters are normal;
step three, integrating the information of the step one and the step two, and drawing a conclusion on the operation condition of the sewage treatment facility: namely whether the facility is in operation and whether the effluent quality reaches the standard. And feeding back the evaluation result to the client interactive application terminal.
The early warning module can feed back the abnormal state to the administrator in time through a preset mode (such as a mailbox and a short message, but not limited thereto).
The client interaction application terminal comprises a remote computer and mobile terminal equipment, and an administrator can access the server platform through a webpage and can also access the server platform through an APP on the mobile terminal equipment. The administrator can realize the functions of checking water quality information, checking field videos, exporting data and regulating and controlling field equipment on the server platform, thereby realizing convenient management of the sewage treatment facility.
For the operating condition analysis evaluation, it is roughly: representing the treatment effect of the sewage treatment facility by using the comprehensive water quality index, the hydraulic load rate and the equipment running state;
the comprehensive water quality index is obtained by comparing the water quality parameter with the emission standard limit value and representing the water quality condition of the effluent;
according to the discharge requirement of the water pollutant discharge standard of the existing rural domestic sewage treatment facility in Jiangxi province on COD, the classification grade of the comprehensive water quality index is divided into 4 grades: the standard first grade, the standard second grade, the standard third grade, and the non-standard. The water pollutant emission limits for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities can be shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Water pollutant discharge Limit for rural domestic Sewage treatment facility
| Emission item | First order standard | Second order standard | Three-level standard | Does not reach the standard |
| Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) | ≤60 | ≤100 | ≤120 | ＞120 |
And if the comprehensive water quality index does not reach the discharge standard which is required to be executed by the rural domestic sewage treatment facility of the project, feeding back unqualified water quality parameters to an administrator and carrying out early warning.
The hydraulic load factor is the percentage of the actual treated water quantity of the domestic sewage treatment facility in the design scale, and specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein:
f is hydraulic load rate, and the unit is%;
Qdathe unit is cubic meter per day (m) for actual daily sewage treatment3/d)；
QddFor designing daily sewage treatment capacity, the unit is cubic meter per day (m)3/d)。
And when the hydraulic load rate is less than 30%, feeding back an abnormal operation state to an administrator and carrying out early warning.
The running state of the equipment is divided into a fan running state, a fan starting and stopping behavior, a water pump running state and a water pump starting and stopping behavior. And when the abnormal operation state of the equipment is triggered, feeding back the abnormal state and the abnormal type of the equipment to an administrator and carrying out early warning.
The types of the abnormal operation state of the trigger equipment are as follows: the current value is too large or too small when the water pump runs, the current value is not zero when the water pump is closed, the non-starting time or the accumulated running time of the water pump within 12 hours is less than 2 hours, the water pump exceeds 12 hours when the water pump runs continuously, the water pump is opened too frequently, the current value is too large or too small when the fan runs, the current value is not zero when the fan is closed, the non-starting time or the accumulated running time of the fan within 12 hours is less than 2 hours, the fan exceeds 12 hours when the fan runs continuously, and the fan is opened too frequently.
The technical scheme of the specific implementation aims at the problems that a large number of small and scattered rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities are not suitable for installing conventional on-line monitoring facilities, and the operation conditions of the facilities are difficult to monitor, control and supervise, and couples the rural sewage distributed treatment facility sewage water quality monitoring soft measurement technology with the sewage treatment core equipment operation state remote monitoring technology by optimizing the rural sewage treatment facility remote water quality parameter monitoring scheme, so that support is provided for the stable standard-reaching operation of the rural domestic sewage distributed treatment facilities, the improvement of the rural sewage operation and maintenance management level and the effective supervision of pollution control.
Having thus described the principal technical features and basic principles of the invention, and the advantages associated therewith, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description is described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such descriptions are provided for clarity only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein can be combined as a whole to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A rural domestic sewage treatment facility remote monitoring and evaluation system is characterized by comprising a monitoring terminal, a data transmission module, a treatment process information acquisition module, a data processing and analyzing platform and a client interaction application terminal;
the monitoring terminal comprises a sewage quality sensor, a sewage treatment equipment running state monitoring circuit, flow monitoring equipment and video monitoring equipment, wherein the sewage quality sensor comprises a plurality of sensors for monitoring different water quality parameters, and the water quality condition is monitored in real time through the sewage quality sensor; the sewage treatment equipment running state monitoring circuit is used for acquiring the running state of each sewage treatment equipment in real time; the flow monitoring equipment is used for monitoring and metering the flow of the treated sewage; the video monitoring equipment assists managers to remotely check the running conditions of the sewage treatment facility and the online monitoring system through real-time monitoring and image snapshot;
the data transmission module is used for transmitting the effluent quality data, the running state of the sewage treatment equipment, the water flow data and the video image information which are acquired by the monitoring terminal to the data processing and analyzing platform;
the treatment process information acquisition module is used for acquiring information of the normal operation of the treatment facility equipment, such as operation system information, process parameters, sewage discharge standards and the like of the treatment process of the sewage treatment facility;
the data processing and analyzing platform comprises a data receiving and storing module, a soft measuring module, an operating condition analyzing and evaluating module and an early warning module, wherein the data receiving and storing module is used for receiving and storing data information transmitted by the data transmission module and processing process information; the soft measurement module is used for receiving water quality data acquired by the water quality sensor, and acquiring further examination target water quality parameters by the soft measurement mathematical model after pretreatment; the operation condition analysis and evaluation module is used for comprehensively evaluating the operation condition of the sewage treatment facility by integrating the operation state of the sewage treatment equipment, water flow measurement data and the assessment target water quality parameter obtained by the soft measurement module and feeding back the operation condition to the client interaction application terminal; the early warning module is used for timely transmitting abnormal information to the customer interaction application terminal through a corresponding communication path when the evaluation result of the sewage treatment facility is abnormal;
the client interactive application terminal is used for receiving and displaying the running state of the sewage treatment facility after being processed and analyzed by the data processing and analyzing platform, and meanwhile, managers can monitor the sewage treatment facility in real time according to the information viewed on the client interactive application terminal.
2. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility remote monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the sewage treatment equipment operation state monitoring circuit monitors the operation states of a water pump and a fan by adopting a current transducer to obtain the on-off state and the operation condition of the equipment; the sewage quality sensor comprises a temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a conductivity sensor; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the sewage, the pH sensor is used for detecting the pH value of the sewage, the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for detecting the dissolved oxygen of the sewage, and the conductivity sensor is used for detecting the conductivity of the sewage; the flow monitoring equipment is used for monitoring the treatment flow parameters of the sewage treatment facility.
3. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility remote monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission module standardizes signals collected by the sensor, the flow monitoring device and the current transducer, collects data by the data collector, and transmits the data to the data processing and analyzing platform through a wireless communication network; the wireless communication network adopts a GPRS and Internet network system.
4. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility remote monitoring and evaluation system of claim 1, wherein the soft measurement module normalizes and eliminates abnormal data for the collected water quality data to obtain preliminary data, and inputs the preliminary data into a trained mathematical model for soft measurement, that is, the mathematical model for soft measurement is used to obtain further assessment target water quality parameters to be monitored and monitored.
5. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility remote monitoring and evaluation system of claim 3, wherein the soft measurement mathematical model is a modified Gaussian mixture regression model, a neural network model, a support vector machine method.
6. The rural domestic sewage treatment facility remote monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 5, wherein for the improved Gaussian mixture regression model, the model establishment process is as follows: preprocessing a training set, combining input data and output data into a new vector, giving the maximum value and the minimum value of the number of Gaussian components, and selecting a minimum gradient criterion as a criterion function;
initializing Gaussian mixture model parameters of a given Gaussian component number by using an improved K-medoids algorithm, randomly selecting a specified number of points from a training data sample as an initial clustering center point, dividing other data in the sample into the specified number of clusters according to a recent principle, continuously updating the clustering center point until the clustering center point is stable, calculating the weight ratio of each Gaussian component according to the number of the samples in each cluster, taking the clustering center point as the mean value of a GMR (giant magneto resistive) model, and calculating the covariance of each Gaussian component by using a covariance formula;
repeatedly calculating and updating posterior probability, weight, mean value and covariance of the model by adopting an EM algorithm, selecting and deleting the least probable Gaussian component by searching the minimum weight, and combining the least probable Gaussian component with the closest Gaussian component into a new Gaussian component until the number of the Gaussian components is less than the minimum value;
establishing a GMR model of input and output joint probability density;
fitting a GMR model, selecting an optimal Gaussian component through a minimum gradient criterion function, and obtaining optimal parameters of the model;
daily operation of the established model:
preprocessing the data set;
decomposing the mean vector and the covariance matrix of each Gaussian component of the GMR model, and calculating the posterior probability and the conditional probability of the data set;
and carrying out weighted summation on each Gaussian component, and outputting a water quality parameter predicted value.
7. An operation method of the remote monitoring and evaluation system for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, which is characterized in that the operation method is carried out by the remote monitoring and evaluation system for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the operation method comprises the following specific steps:
training and pre-running of system
Before the remote monitoring and evaluation system is formally operated, the monitoring system is trained and pre-operated, and the specific implementation flow method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a COD (chemical oxygen demand) online measuring sensor is temporarily arranged at a monitoring terminal to provide initial conditions and training samples for a water quality parameter COD soft measuring system, and data collected by the COD sensor is transmitted to a data processing and analyzing platform;
step two, the water quality parameter data collected by the monitoring terminal are transmitted to a data processing and analyzing platform;
thirdly, training and checking the water quality parameter data of the monitoring terminal and the data collected by the COD sensor through a mathematical model of the soft measurement module;
after the training is qualified, removing the COD on-line measuring sensor, and enabling the remote monitoring and evaluating system to enter a normal operation stage;
second, normal monitoring operation and evaluation stage operation
Step one, acquiring the water quality parameters obtained by the soft measurement module, comparing the water quality parameters with an executed discharge standard, feeding the unqualified water quality parameters back to a manager when the water quality parameters do not reach the discharge standard, and performing early warning, wherein the step two is performed when the water quality parameters reach the discharge standard;
step two, acquiring running state and flow data of a water pump and a fan, comprehensively analyzing running technological running parameters of the sewage treatment facility, feeding back abnormal types to an administrator and carrying out early warning if the running technological running parameters are not met, and entering the following step three if the running technological running parameters are normal;
step three, integrating the information of the step one and the step two, and drawing a conclusion on the operation condition of the sewage treatment facility: namely whether the facility is in operation and whether the effluent quality reaches the standard. And feeding back the evaluation result to the client interactive application terminal.
8. The operation method of the remote monitoring and evaluation system for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities according to claim 7, wherein the client interaction application terminal comprises a remote computer and a mobile terminal device, and an administrator can access the server platform through a webpage or access the server platform through an APP on the mobile terminal device, so as to realize convenient management of the sewage treatment facilities.
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