CN114046901B - Drilling ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring - Google Patents
Drilling ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114046901B CN114046901B CN202111147965.XA CN202111147965A CN114046901B CN 114046901 B CN114046901 B CN 114046901B CN 202111147965 A CN202111147965 A CN 202111147965A CN 114046901 B CN114046901 B CN 114046901B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a borehole ground temperature measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring, which comprises the following steps: step 1, drilling holes on a landslide body; step 2, each sensor is connected to one core of the multi-core cable; step 3, connecting all the sensors to the multi-core cable according to a set interval to form a sensor string; step 4, installing the sensor string in the drill hole, and connecting the multi-core cable to the controller; step 5, setting an acquisition time interval; step 6, obtaining temperature data of different depths at the same time on the landslide body; step 7, continuously acquiring subsequent temperature data with different depths according to the time interval; step 8, comparing the temperature data of the latter group with the temperature data of the former group with corresponding depth to obtain the change condition of the shallow-to-deep temperature field; and 9, setting a threshold value of temperature change, and when the temperature change near the interface exceeds the set threshold value, obtaining the temporary slip precursor. The invention has the beneficial effects of one-time construction layout, long-term observation and real-time early warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide monitoring, in particular to a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring.
Background
Landslide refers to the natural phenomenon that soil or rock mass on a slope is influenced by river scouring, groundwater movement, rainwater soaking, earthquakes, manual slope cutting and other factors, and slides downwards along a certain weak surface or a weak belt integrally or dispersedly under the action of gravity. Landslide is one of the most serious geological disasters, and seriously threatens the life and property safety of people. The landslide morphological characteristics and the landslide formation mechanism are found to have important significance in the aspects of landslide mass stability analysis, landslide disaster risk management, government governance management decision and the like. The method is particularly important for monitoring and early warning of important typical landslide.
The current landslide monitoring means is mainly aimed at monitoring the displacement of the landslide body, and the displacement of the landslide body is monitored through a high-precision positioning device. The current landslide monitoring means mainly aims at the landslide which occurs, namely the landslide can be monitored and early-warned, so that the actual requirement of early warning cannot be met in early warning time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, which utilizes a temperature sensor string embedded in a borehole to monitor abnormal changes of an underground water temperature field near a sliding surface, and knows the abnormality of underground water flow so as to predict the generation of landslide.
The invention provides a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, drilling holes on a landslide body, wherein the drilling depth is preferably that the drilling holes penetrate through the landslide body and enter non-weathered bedrock;
step 2, preparing a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein each temperature sensor is connected to one core of the multi-core cable;
step 3, connecting all the temperature sensors to the multi-core cable according to set intervals to form a temperature sensor string;
step 4, installing the temperature sensor string in the drill hole, and respectively connecting the multi-core cables connected with the temperature sensor string to binding posts of the controller according to the sequence from shallow to deep;
step 5, opening the controller, connecting the multi-core cable, and setting an acquisition time interval;
step 6, controlling temperature sensors with different depths, and acquiring the temperature sensors simultaneously according to a set time interval to obtain a first group of temperature data with different depths at the same time on a landslide body;
step 7, controlling temperature sensors with different depths, and continuously acquiring subsequent temperature data with different depths according to time intervals;
step 8, obtaining the change condition of a shallow-to-deep temperature field by solving absolute difference and relative difference and trend analysis of the absolute difference and the relative difference between the acquired temperature data of different temperatures and the acquired temperature data of the previous corresponding depths, predicting the abnormal flow trend of underground water according to trend analysis, and if the absolute difference between the data of the previous set and the data of the next set is continuously increased at a certain depth, representing that the underground water flows faster and faster at the corresponding depth, and the stability influence on a landslide body is greater and greater;
and 9, setting a threshold value of temperature change at one or more positions of the fracture zone and lithology interfaces according to the stratum distribution condition disclosed by the drilling, and sending early warning information in a short message mode in the controller when the temperature change near the interfaces exceeds the set threshold value, namely the temporary slip precursor.
Further, the step 1 includes:
and carrying out geological logging on the drill core, recording the fracture zone, the strong wind zone and the lithology interface in the stratum in detail, and primarily judging the possible slip surface.
Further, the number of the temperature sensors in the step 2 is determined according to the drilling depth.
Further, in the step 5, the collection time interval is set to be 1-6 hours according to local seasons and weather conditions, the collection time interval is set to be 1 hour in rainy seasons or continuous heavy rainfall weather, landslide disasters induced by heavy rainfall are intensively observed, and the collection time interval is set to be 6 hours in dry seasons.
Further, the setting of the threshold in step 9 is empirically set, and different regions, positions and geological structures have different thresholds, and the setting is performed by referring to the temperature of the local constant temperature layer and the real-time ground temperature.
By means of the scheme, through the borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, abnormal flow of underground water is monitored by utilizing temperature data actually measured by a series of temperature sensors in the borehole, so that landslide is predicted, and the method has the advantages of being capable of being observed for a long time and early-warning in real time due to one-time construction layout.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a borehole geothermal measurement method for landslide monitoring according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
There are many factors affecting landslide, and rainfall has a great influence on landslide. The effect of rainfall on landslide mainly shows that a large amount of rainwater oozes down, leads to the soil layer saturation on the slope, ponds even on the water-resisting layer of slope lower part to increased the weight of slide body, reduced the shear strength of soil layer, lead to the landslide to produce. Groundwater movement plays a major role in landslide formation. Its action is mainly represented by: softening rock and soil, reducing the strength of the rock and soil body, generating dynamic water pressure and pore water pressure, diving the rock and the soil, increasing the volume weight of the rock and the soil, generating buoyancy force on the permeable rock stratum and the like. In particular, the softening effect and strength-reducing effect on the sliding surface (belt) are most prominent. Abnormal flow of groundwater is one of the most important critical precursors of landslide generation, and the flow of groundwater necessarily causes changes in the groundwater temperature field. In the embodiment, the abnormal change of the groundwater temperature field near the sliding surface is monitored by using the temperature sensor string embedded in the drill hole, so that the abnormality of groundwater flow can be known, and the generation of landslide is predicted. The method is more advanced in time than the displacement monitoring means for predicting landslide, and the specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a borehole geothermal measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring, which includes the following steps:
s1, drilling H1 is carried out at the middle-upper part on the landslide body, and the drilling depth is preferably 20-50 meters when the landslide body passes through and enters the non-weathered bedrock. Carrying out geological record on the drill core, recording a broken zone, a strong wind zone and lithology interfaces in the stratum in detail, and primarily judging a possible slip surface;
s2, preparing temperature sensors T1-Tn. The number of temperature sensors is generally determined according to the depth of the borehole, and if the depth of the borehole is 50 meters, 51 temperature sensors are required from the surface to the bottom of the borehole H1, calculated at 1/meter intervals. The temperature sensor number is set from shallow to deep to T1-Tn (where n=51). Respectively connecting temperature sensors T1-Tn to L1-Ln corresponding to the multi-core cable according to the number;
s3, connecting all the sensors T1-Tn to the multi-core cable L1-Ln at certain intervals (generally 1 meter and locally can be encrypted) to form a temperature sensor string;
s4, respectively connecting the multi-core cables (L1-Ln) connected with the sensor strings to binding posts (P1-Pn) of the controller C1 in the sequence from shallow to deep, so that the drilling measurement parts of the integral n-channel temperature sensor are assembled;
s5, opening the controller C1, connecting the multi-core cable, and setting a collection time interval of 1-6 hours according to local seasons, weather and the like. The collection time interval may be set to 1 hour in rainy season or continuous heavy rainfall weather, and the collection time interval may be set to 6 hours in drought season, for densely observing landslide disasters induced by heavy rainfall.
S6, opening all channels in a controller, switching on all temperature sensors (T1-Tn), and acquiring all channels at the same time according to a set time interval to obtain a first group of temperature data with different depths at the same time on a landslide body;
s7, controlling the collector to continuously acquire subsequent temperature data with different depths according to the time interval;
s8, carrying out data comparison processing on the acquired different temperature data of the later group and the temperature data of the previous group corresponding to depth, wherein the data comparison processing mainly comprises the steps of solving absolute difference values and relative difference values, analyzing trend of the absolute difference values and the relative difference values, obtaining change conditions of a shallow-to-deep temperature field, and predicting abnormal flowing trend of underground water according to trend analysis. If the absolute difference value between the data of the group and the data of the previous group is continuously increased after a certain depth, the flow of groundwater at the corresponding depth is faster and faster, and the influence on the stability of a landslide body is necessarily larger and larger;
s9, setting temperature change thresholds at one or more positions of a fracture zone, lithology interfaces and the like according to stratum distribution conditions revealed by drilling, wherein the thresholds are set according to experience, different areas, positions and geological structures have different thresholds, and the temperature of a local constant temperature layer and the real-time ground temperature are also referred. When the temperature change near the interface exceeds a set threshold, the temperature change is a temporary slip precursor, and early warning information is sent in the controller in a short message mode.
According to the invention, a drill hole penetrating through a landslide body is utilized, a temperature sensor string is arranged in the drill hole to observe the change of a temperature field caused by groundwater flow, trend analysis is carried out on an observed result, and when the temperature change exceeds a set threshold value, a temporary slip precursor is obtained to carry out landslide early warning. After one-time arrangement, the landslide body can be monitored for a long time, and the landslide body monitoring method specifically comprises the following technical effects:
(1) According to the invention, the temperature sensor strings are arranged in the drilling holes on the landslide body, and the flow of underground water is monitored by monitoring the temperature change from the earth surface to the bottom of the drilling holes, so that the movement of the landslide is predicted.
(2) Compared with the current means for monitoring landslide by displacement, the method predicts landslide by monitoring the important critical slip precursor of abnormal flow of underground water. The abnormal flow of the underground water is earlier than the movement of the landslide body in time, so the time for early warning by utilizing the abnormal change of the ground temperature is more advanced, and more time is striven for disaster prevention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be noted that it is possible for those skilled in the art to make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, drilling is carried out on a landslide body, and drilling depth penetrates through the landslide body and enters a non-weathered bedrock;
step 2, preparing a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein each temperature sensor is connected to one core of the multi-core cable;
step 3, connecting all the temperature sensors to the multi-core cable according to set intervals to form a temperature sensor string;
step 4, installing the temperature sensor string in the drill hole, and respectively connecting the multi-core cables connected with the temperature sensor string to binding posts of the controller according to the sequence from shallow to deep;
step 5, opening the controller, connecting the multi-core cable, and setting an acquisition time interval;
step 6, controlling temperature sensors with different depths, and acquiring the temperature sensors simultaneously according to a set time interval to obtain a first group of temperature data with different depths at the same time on a landslide body;
step 7, controlling temperature sensors with different depths, and continuously acquiring subsequent temperature data with different depths according to time intervals;
step 8, obtaining the change condition of a shallow-to-deep temperature field by solving absolute difference and relative difference and trend analysis of the absolute difference and the relative difference between the acquired temperature data of different temperatures and the acquired temperature data of the previous corresponding depths, predicting the abnormal flow trend of underground water according to trend analysis, and if the absolute difference between the data of the previous set and the data of the next set is continuously increased at a certain depth, representing that the underground water flows faster and faster at the corresponding depth, and the stability influence on a landslide body is greater and greater;
and 9, setting a threshold value of temperature change at one or more positions of the fracture zone and lithology interfaces according to the stratum distribution condition disclosed by the drilling, and sending early warning information in a short message mode in the controller when the temperature change near the interfaces exceeds the set threshold value, namely the temporary slip precursor.
2. The borehole geothermal measurement method for landslide monitoring of claim 1 wherein step 1 comprises:
and carrying out geological logging on the drill core, recording the fracture zone, the strong wind zone and the lithology interface in the stratum in detail, and primarily judging the possible slip surface.
3. The borehole geothermal measurement method for landslide monitoring of claim 1 wherein the number of temperature sensors in step 2 is determined based on borehole depth.
4. The borehole geothermal measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the collection time interval in step 5 is set to 1-6 hours according to local seasons and weather conditions, the collection time interval is set to 1 hour in rainy seasons or continuous heavy rainfall weather, and the collection time interval is set to 6 hours in dry seasons.
5. The borehole geothermal measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the threshold in step 9 is empirically set, different regions, locations, geological structures have different thresholds, and reference is made to the temperature of the local constant temperature layer and real-time ground temperature setting.
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