CN114046901A - Borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring - Google Patents
Borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114046901A CN114046901A CN202111147965.XA CN202111147965A CN114046901A CN 114046901 A CN114046901 A CN 114046901A CN 202111147965 A CN202111147965 A CN 202111147965A CN 114046901 A CN114046901 A CN 114046901A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, which comprises the following steps: step 1, drilling a hole on a landslide body; step 2, each sensor is connected to one of cores of the multi-core cable; step 3, connecting all sensors to the multi-core cable at set intervals to form a sensor string; step 4, mounting the sensor string in the drill hole, and connecting the multi-core cable to the controller; step 5, setting an acquisition time interval; step 6, obtaining temperature data of different depths at the same time on the sliding mass; step 7, continuing to acquire subsequent temperature data of different depths according to the time interval; step 8, comparing the temperature data of the latter group with the temperature data of the former group with corresponding depth to obtain the change condition of the temperature field from shallow to deep; and 9, setting a threshold value of temperature change, wherein when the temperature change near the interface exceeds the set threshold value, the temperature change is a sign of impending skidding. The invention has the beneficial effects of one-time construction and layout, long-term observation and real-time early warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide monitoring, in particular to a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring.
Background
The landslide is a natural phenomenon that soil or rock mass on a slope slides downwards along the slope integrally or dispersedly under the action of gravity along a certain weak surface or a weak zone under the influence of factors such as river scouring, underground water activity, rainwater immersion, earthquake, artificial slope cutting and the like. Landslide is one of the most serious geological disasters, and seriously threatens the life and property safety of people. The method for finding out the landslide morphological characteristics and the landslide forming mechanism has important significance on the aspects of landslide body stability analysis, landslide disaster risk management, government governance decision making and the like. The method is particularly important for monitoring and early warning of important typical landslides.
The current landslide monitoring means mainly aims at displacement monitoring of a landslide body and monitors the displacement of the landslide body through a high-precision positioning device. The existing landslide monitoring means mainly aims at landslides which occur, namely landslides can be monitored and early warned, and therefore the actual requirement of early warning cannot be met in early warning time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, which monitors abnormal change of a groundwater temperature field near a sliding surface by using a temperature sensor string embedded in a borehole, knows abnormality of groundwater flow and predicts landslide.
The invention provides a borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, drilling a hole on a landslide body, wherein the drilling depth is suitable for penetrating through the landslide body and entering un-weathered bedrock;
step 2, preparing a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein each temperature sensor is connected to one core of the multi-core cable;
step 3, connecting all the temperature sensors to the multi-core cable at set intervals to form a temperature sensor string;
step 4, mounting the temperature sensor string in the drill hole, and respectively connecting the multi-core cables connected with the temperature sensor string to the wiring terminals of the controller from shallow to deep;
step 5, turning on the controller, connecting the multi-core cable, and setting an acquisition time interval;
step 6, controlling temperature sensors with different depths, and acquiring the temperature sensors at the same time according to a set time interval to obtain a first group of temperature data with different depths at the same time on the landslide body;
step 7, controlling the temperature sensors at different depths, and continuously acquiring subsequent temperature data at different depths according to time intervals;
step 8, obtaining the change condition of the temperature field from shallow to deep by solving the absolute difference value and the relative difference value of the temperature data of the later group obtained with the temperature data of the former group at the corresponding depth and trend analysis of the absolute difference value and the relative difference value, and predicting the abnormal flow trend of the underground water according to the trend analysis;
and 9, setting a temperature change threshold at one or more positions of a fracture zone and a lithologic interface according to the stratum distribution condition disclosed by the drilling, and immediately sending early warning information in a short message mode in the controller when the temperature change near the interface exceeds the set threshold, namely the imminent slip precursor.
Further, the step 1 comprises:
and carrying out geological logging on the drill core, recording a broken zone, a strong weathering zone and a lithologic interface in the stratum in detail, and preliminarily judging a possible slip surface.
Further, the number of the temperature sensors in step 2 is determined according to the depth of the drilled hole.
Further, in the step 5, the collection time interval is set to be 1-6 hours according to the local season and weather conditions, in rainy seasons or continuous heavy rainfall weather, the collection time interval is set to be 1 hour, landslide disasters induced by heavy rainfall are intensively observed, and in dry seasons, the collection time interval is set to be 6 hours.
Further, the threshold value is set in step 9 according to experience, different areas, positions and geological structures have different threshold values, and the threshold values are set according to the temperature of the local constant temperature layer and the real-time ground temperature.
By means of the scheme, the borehole geothermal measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring is adopted, temperature data actually measured by a series of temperature sensors in a borehole are utilized, abnormal flowing of underground water is monitored, and therefore landslide is predicted.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a borehole earth temperature measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Landslide is influenced by many factors, and rainfall has a great influence on landslide. The effect of rainfall on the landslide is mainly shown in that a large amount of rainwater seeps downwards to cause the saturation of a soil and stone layer on the slope and even water is accumulated on a water-resisting layer at the lower part of the slope, so that the weight of the landslide body is increased, the shear strength of the soil and stone layer is reduced, and the landslide is caused. Groundwater activity plays a major role in landslide formation. Its action is mainly shown in: softening rock and soil, reducing the strength of rock and soil body, generating hydrodynamic pressure and pore water pressure, eroding rock and soil, increasing the volume weight of rock and soil, generating buoyancy force on permeable rock stratum, etc. In particular, the softening effect and strength-reducing effect on the sliding surface (belt) are most prominent. The abnormal flow of groundwater is one of the most important precursors of landslide, and the flow of groundwater necessarily causes a change in the groundwater temperature field. In the embodiment, the temperature sensor string embedded in the drill hole is used for monitoring the abnormal change of the underground water temperature field near the sliding surface, so that the abnormality of the underground water flow can be known, and the landslide can be predicted. The method is more advanced than the landslide prediction by a displacement monitoring means in time, and the specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a borehole earth temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring, which includes the following steps:
s1, drilling H1 at the middle-upper part of the landslide body, wherein the drilling depth is suitable for penetrating through the landslide body and entering un-weathered bedrock, and the drilling depth is generally 20-50 meters. Geological logging is carried out on a drill core, a broken zone, a strong weathering zone and a lithologic interface in a stratum are recorded in detail, and a possible slip surface is preliminarily judged;
s2, preparing a temperature sensor T1-Tn. The number of temperature sensors is typically determined by the borehole depth, e.g., 50 meters, and 51 temperature sensors are required from the surface to the bottom of the borehole H1 at 1/meter intervals. The number of the temperature sensors is set from shallow to deep as T1-Tn (when n is 51). Respectively connecting the temperature sensors T1-Tn to the corresponding L1-Ln of the multi-core cable according to the numbers;
s3, connecting all sensors T1-Tn to L1-Ln on a multi-core cable at certain intervals (generally 1 meter, local encryption is available) to form a temperature sensor string;
s4, respectively connecting multi-core cables (L1-Ln) connected with the sensor string to binding posts (P1-Pn) of a controller C1 from shallow to deep, and thus, the drilling and measuring part of the whole n temperature sensors is assembled;
s5, turning on the controller C1, connecting the multi-core cable, and setting the collection time interval of 1-6 hours according to local seasons, weather and the like. The collection time interval may be set to 1 hour in rainy season or continuous heavy rainfall weather, and the landslide hazard induced by heavy rainfall is intensively observed, while the collection time interval may be set to 6 hours in dry season.
S6, opening all channels in the controller, switching on all temperature sensors (T1-Tn), and simultaneously collecting all channels according to a set time interval to obtain a first group of temperature data of different depths at the same time on the landslide body;
s7, controlling the collector to continuously obtain subsequent temperature data of different depths according to time intervals;
and S8, comparing the obtained different temperature data of the next group with the temperature data of the previous group with corresponding depths, mainly comprising the steps of solving absolute differences and relative differences, and analyzing the trend of the absolute differences and the relative differences to obtain the change condition of the temperature field from shallow to deep, and predicting the abnormal flow trend of the underground water according to the trend analysis. If the absolute difference value of the back group of data and the front group of data at a certain depth is continuously increased, the flow of underground water at the corresponding depth is faster and faster, and the influence on the stability of the landslide body is larger and larger;
and S9, setting a threshold value of temperature change at one or more positions of a fracture zone, a lithologic interface and the like according to the distribution condition of the stratum disclosed by the drilling hole, wherein the setting of the threshold value is generally set according to experience, different regions, positions and geological structures have different threshold values, and the temperature of a local constant temperature layer and the real-time ground temperature are generally referred. When the temperature change near the interface exceeds a set threshold value, namely the temporary slip precursor, early warning information is sent in a controller in a short message mode.
The method utilizes the drill hole penetrating through the landslide body, the temperature sensor string is arranged in the drill hole to observe the change of a temperature field caused by the flow of underground water, trend analysis is carried out on the observation result, and after the temperature change exceeds a set threshold value, a pre-glide precursor is obtained to carry out landslide early warning. After once laying, can monitor the landslide body for a long time, specifically include following technological effect:
(1) the method monitors the flow of underground water by arranging the temperature sensor string in the drill hole on the landslide body and monitoring the temperature change from the earth surface to the bottom of the drill hole, thereby predicting the movement of the landslide.
(2) Compared with the current means for monitoring landslide by utilizing displacement, the method provided by the invention can be used for predicting landslide by monitoring the important pre-emergence of abnormal flow of underground water. The abnormal flow of the underground water is earlier than the movement of the landslide body in time, so the early warning time by using the abnormal change of the ground temperature is more advanced, and more time is strived for disaster prevention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A borehole ground temperature measuring method suitable for landslide monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, drilling a hole on a landslide body, wherein the drilling depth is suitable for penetrating through the landslide body and entering un-weathered bedrock;
step 2, preparing a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein each temperature sensor is connected to one core of the multi-core cable;
step 3, connecting all the temperature sensors to the multi-core cable at set intervals to form a temperature sensor string;
step 4, mounting the temperature sensor string in the drill hole, and respectively connecting the multi-core cables connected with the temperature sensor string to the wiring terminals of the controller from shallow to deep;
step 5, turning on the controller, connecting the multi-core cable, and setting an acquisition time interval;
step 6, controlling temperature sensors with different depths, and acquiring the temperature sensors at the same time according to a set time interval to obtain a first group of temperature data with different depths at the same time on the landslide body;
step 7, controlling the temperature sensors at different depths, and continuously acquiring subsequent temperature data at different depths according to time intervals;
step 8, obtaining the change condition of the temperature field from shallow to deep by solving the absolute difference value and the relative difference value of the temperature data of the later group obtained with the temperature data of the former group at the corresponding depth and trend analysis of the absolute difference value and the relative difference value, and predicting the abnormal flow trend of the underground water according to the trend analysis;
and 9, setting a temperature change threshold at one or more positions of a fracture zone and a lithologic interface according to the stratum distribution condition disclosed by the drilling, and immediately sending early warning information in a short message mode in the controller when the temperature change near the interface exceeds the set threshold, namely the imminent slip precursor.
2. The borehole geothermal measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring according to claim 1, wherein step 1 comprises:
and carrying out geological logging on the drill core, recording a broken zone, a strong weathering zone and a lithologic interface in the stratum in detail, and preliminarily judging a possible slip surface.
3. The borehole geothermal measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the number of temperature sensors in step 2 is determined according to borehole depth.
4. The borehole geothermal measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the collection time interval in step 5 is set to 1-6 hours according to local season and weather conditions, the collection time interval is set to 1 hour in rainy season or continuous heavy rainfall weather, the landslide hazard induced by heavy rainfall is intensively observed, and the collection time interval is set to 6 hours in dry season.
5. The borehole geothermal measurement method suitable for landslide monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the threshold setting in step 9 is set empirically, different regions, locations, geological structures have different thresholds, and the thresholds are set with reference to the temperature of a local constant temperature layer and the real-time ground temperature.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114659666A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-06-24 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Shallow geothermal energy cold accumulation monitoring system capable of automatically early warning according to temperature change |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114659666B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-26 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Shallow geothermal energy cold accumulation monitoring system capable of automatically early warning according to temperature change |
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