CN114045424B - Mixed powder for additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于增材制造的混合粉末及其制备方法,该方法通过振动实现粉末的高效均匀混合,且同时保证粉末的流动性,供增材制造技术使用。该方法既适合科研上对粉末成分调控的灵活和简易要求,也适用工业生产上的高效和大规模要求。该发明在实现粉末的成分调控的同时,不改变粉末原有的球形度及流动性。这对于粉末床增材制造技术而言,能够不损害粉末的铺粉质量,即粉层的均匀铺展和高堆积密度;对于同步送粉增材制造技术而言,能够维持送粉的稳定性,降低粉嘴堵粉风险,从而保证混合粉末满足增材制造成形性的要求。
The invention discloses a mixed powder for additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof. The method realizes high-efficiency and uniform mixing of the powder through vibration, and at the same time ensures the fluidity of the powder, and is used in the additive manufacturing technology. This method is not only suitable for the flexible and simple requirements of powder composition control in scientific research, but also suitable for the high efficiency and large-scale requirements of industrial production. The invention realizes the control of the composition of the powder without changing the original sphericity and fluidity of the powder. For the powder bed additive manufacturing technology, it can not damage the powder spreading quality of the powder, that is, the uniform spreading and high packing density of the powder layer; for the synchronous powder feeding additive manufacturing technology, it can maintain the stability of powder feeding, Reduce the risk of powder nozzle clogging, so as to ensure that the mixed powder meets the formability requirements of additive manufacturing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于增材制造技术领域,具体涉及一种用于增材制造的混合粉末及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a mixed powder for additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
增材制造是一种新近发展起来的先进数值化制造技术,已经在航空航天、生物医疗、汽车等领域获得越来越广泛的应用。粉末是增材制造技术中最常用的一种原材料方式,如选区激光熔化增材制造技术的粉末为15-53微米,电子束选区激光熔化增材制造技术的粉末为45-105微米,激光直接能量沉积技术(或称激光立体成形技术)的粉末为75-200um。当对合金成分进行一定调整或在合金中添加另一种复合物时,一种方式是通过合金熔炼再重新制粉,该方式周期长,成本高,有时技术上甚至无法实现。另一种方式是通过将多种粉末进行混合后供增材制造使用,该方式直接、灵活。目前,粉末混合方法有机械混合、球磨、化学镀等,存在混粉不均匀、粉末变形损害增材制造成形性或混粉效率低等问题,因增材制造成形速度快,若待融化的粉末混合不均匀,会造成增材制造成形试样成分不均匀;粉末变形会降低粉末流动性及松装密度,易导致增材制造成形缺陷的形成;混粉效率低,则无法满足工业化生产。因此,这些混粉方式往往难以适用于增材制造技术领域。Additive manufacturing is a newly developed advanced numerical manufacturing technology, which has been widely used in aerospace, biomedical, automotive and other fields. Powder is the most commonly used raw material method in additive manufacturing technology. For example, the powder of selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology is 15-53 microns, and the powder of electron beam selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology is 45-105 microns. Laser direct The powder of energy deposition technology (or laser stereoforming technology) is 75-200um. When the alloy composition is adjusted to a certain extent or another compound is added to the alloy, one way is to smelt the alloy and then re-powder. This method has a long period of time and high cost, and sometimes it is even impossible to achieve technically. Another way is to mix multiple powders for additive manufacturing, which is straightforward and flexible. At present, powder mixing methods include mechanical mixing, ball milling, chemical plating, etc., and there are problems such as uneven powder mixing, powder deformation that damages the formability of additive manufacturing, or low powder mixing efficiency. Due to the fast forming speed of additive manufacturing, if the powder to be melted Uneven mixing will lead to uneven composition of additive manufacturing samples; powder deformation will reduce powder fluidity and bulk density, which will easily lead to the formation of additive manufacturing forming defects; low powder mixing efficiency will not meet industrial production. Therefore, these powder mixing methods are often difficult to apply to the field of additive manufacturing technology.
另一方面,现有振动混机通常针对液体和有机粉体的混合,而对于密度高的金属粉末的混合,通常每次只能混合0.1-0.3kg金属粉末,其效率相比机械混合或球磨无显著优势,无法满足大规模应用的需求。由于其机械机构设计的弹簧等零件的强度和疲劳寿命限制,现有振动混机无法通过简单扩增零件和振动功率来提高金属粉末混合的效率和规模。On the other hand, existing vibratory mixers are usually aimed at the mixing of liquids and organic powders, and for the mixing of metal powders with high density, usually only 0.1-0.3kg of metal powder can be mixed at a time, and its efficiency is compared with mechanical mixing or ball milling. Without significant advantages, it cannot meet the needs of large-scale applications. Due to the limitation of strength and fatigue life of parts such as springs designed by its mechanical mechanism, existing vibratory mixers cannot improve the efficiency and scale of metal powder mixing by simply amplifying parts and vibration power.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点,提供一种用于增材制造的混合粉末及其制备方法,以解决现有技术中粉末混合效率低下,混合后的粉末因造成成形试样成分不均匀或引起成形缺陷而不适用于增材制造技术领域的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a mixed powder for additive manufacturing and its preparation method, to solve the problem of low powder mixing efficiency in the prior art, and the powder after mixing is caused by the composition of the formed sample. Inhomogeneity or technical problems that cause forming defects and are not suitable for the field of additive manufacturing technology.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
一种用于增材制造的混合粉末,包括复合的主体粉末和附加粉末,所述附加粉末分散在主体粉末的表面,或者是附加粉末的一部分渗入在主体粉末中;A mixed powder for additive manufacturing, comprising a composite main powder and an additional powder, the additional powder is dispersed on the surface of the main powder, or a part of the additional powder is infiltrated into the main powder;
所述主体粉末为铝合金、钛合金、高熵合金、钢或高温合金;The main body powder is aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, high-entropy alloy, steel or superalloy;
所述附加粉末为金属粉末、非金属单质粉末、碳化物、硼化物或氮化物;The additional powder is metal powder, non-metal elemental powder, carbide, boride or nitride;
所述主体粉末和附加粉末通过混合振动复合。The main powder and the additional powder are compounded by mixing and vibrating.
本发明的进一步改进在于:A further improvement of the present invention is:
优选的,所述主体粉末为微米级,所述附加粉末为微米级或纳米级。Preferably, the main powder is micron-scale, and the additional powder is micron-scale or nano-scale.
一种用于增材制造的混合粉末的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A method for preparing mixed powder for additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps:
步骤1,将主体粉末和附加粉末共同至于混粉容器中,形成混合粉末,将混粉容器置于振动台台体上;
步骤2,对混粉容器内部进行洗气;
步骤3,设定振动台台体的振动频率范围为fmin~fmax,设定第一加速度和压缩因子;
步骤4,振动台台体从fmin开始振动,振动频率以设定的第一加速度增加,直至增加至fmax;该过程观察混合粉末的振动程度,当混合粉末的振荡程度最激烈时,记录对应的频率;所述混合粉末的振荡程度最为激烈时,混合粉末和混分容器的上盖板接触,所述频率为最优频率fbest或者最优频率区间(f1,f2);
步骤5,再次设定振动台台体的振动频率范围,若混合粉末存在最优频率fbest,设定驻留时间,振动台台体以fbest频率振动,停留设定的驻留时间,直至振动结束;若存在最优频率区间(f1,f2),设定第二加速度值和在驻留时间,振动台台体从f1开始振动,以第二加速度值增加速度停留设定的驻留时间,振动频率继续升高,直至升高至f2,振动结束;
步骤6,混粉结束后,将混合好的粉末取出,待用。Step 6: After the powder mixing is completed, take out the mixed powder and set it aside.
优选的,步骤1中,将混粉容器和振动台台体固定连接。Preferably, in
优选的,步骤1中,通过氩气对混粉容器洗气,洗气时间为1-3min,洗气流速为10~30cm3/min。Preferably, in
优选的,步骤4中,若粉末的振荡始终平缓,则重新设定fmin和fmax。Preferably, in
优选的,步骤5中,f1=fbest-(5~40)HZ,f2=fbest+(10~40)HZ。Preferably, in
优选的,步骤5中,混粉过程中,若没有fbest时,每一次的混粉过程为振动台台体从f1开始振动,停留设定的驻留时间,以第二加速度值增加速度,振动频率继续升高,每增加依次,停留驻留时间,直至升高至f2,振动结束;若存在fbest时,以该频率振动设定的时间;Preferably, in
所述混粉过程重复多次。The powder mixing process is repeated several times.
优选的,两次混粉过程之间,设置有散热过程和洗气过程。Preferably, a cooling process and a gas washing process are arranged between the two powder mixing processes.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明公开了一种用于增材制造的混合粉末,该混合粉末包括主体粉末和附加粉末,主体粉末和附加粉末通过混合振动的方式复合在一起,使得用于增材制造中的各类粉末都能够通过该方法制备出来,混合后在主体表面上会均匀分布着附加粉末,根据混合前附加粉末的添加量,在形貌上会存在一定的差异,添加量越多,在主体表面附着的附加粉末就越多,甚至可以覆盖整个主体粉末颗粒;另外,对于某些粉末(如软的铝合金粉末)可以通过该方法实现附加粉末渗入主体粉末内。使用该方法制备的混合粉末是通过优化后得到最优的震动频率(在该频率震动时可以实现混合粉末的振动幅度最大)实现的均匀的高效混合。混合后的粉末可以保证其流动性和激光计收率与混合前的主体粉末相似,不会对粉末的质量产生影响。The invention discloses a mixed powder for additive manufacturing. The mixed powder includes a main powder and an additional powder. The main powder and the additional powder are compounded by mixing and vibrating, so that various powders used in additive manufacturing Both can be prepared by this method. After mixing, additional powder will be evenly distributed on the surface of the main body. According to the amount of additional powder added before mixing, there will be certain differences in morphology. The more the additional powder, it can even cover the entire main powder particle; in addition, for some powders (such as soft aluminum alloy powder), the additional powder can be infiltrated into the main powder by this method. The mixed powder prepared by this method is uniform and highly efficient mixed by obtaining the optimal vibration frequency (when vibrating at this frequency, the maximum vibration amplitude of the mixed powder can be achieved) after optimization. The mixed powder can ensure that its fluidity and laser meter yield are similar to the main powder before mixing, and will not affect the quality of the powder.
本发明公开了一种用于增材制造的混粉粉末的制备方法,该方法通过振动实现粉末的高效均匀混合,且同时保证粉末的流动性,供增材制造技术使用。该方法既适合科研上对粉末成分调控的灵活和简易要求,也适用工业生产上的高效和大规模要求。振动过程前全程进行充气(惰性气体)保护,一方面,充入的气体既可以降低与合金粉末反应气体的含量(例如氧气),确保粉末氧含量不升高,又会带走气氛中的水分,提高粉末混合效果。因此,该发明在实现粉末的成分调控的同时,不改变粉末原有的球形度及流动性。这对于粉末床增材制造技术而言,能够不损害粉末的铺粉质量,即粉层的均匀铺展和高堆积密度;对于同步送粉增材制造技术而言,能够维持送粉的稳定性,降低粉嘴堵粉风险,从而保证混合粉末满足增材制造成形性的要求。在后续增材制造过程中,由于本发明所使用的混合方法,得到了均匀混合且球形度较高的金属粉末,在增材制造过程中可以提高粉末的流动性,提高激光吸收率,使铺粉过程中粉层均匀平坦,可使粉末堆积密度保持在较高水平,能够提高送粉的稳定性,降低粉嘴堵粉风险。在最终成形试样中,可以减少空隙和缺陷的产生,使试样成分均匀。The invention discloses a method for preparing powder mixing powder for additive manufacturing. The method realizes efficient and uniform mixing of powder through vibration, and at the same time ensures the fluidity of the powder, and is used in additive manufacturing technology. This method is not only suitable for the flexible and simple requirements of powder composition control in scientific research, but also suitable for the high efficiency and large-scale requirements of industrial production. Inflation (inert gas) protection is carried out throughout the vibration process. On the one hand, the inflated gas can reduce the content of reactive gases (such as oxygen) with the alloy powder, ensure that the oxygen content of the powder does not increase, and take away the moisture in the atmosphere , Improve powder mixing effect. Therefore, the invention does not change the original sphericity and fluidity of the powder while realizing the control of the composition of the powder. For the powder bed additive manufacturing technology, it can not damage the powder spreading quality of the powder, that is, the uniform spreading and high packing density of the powder layer; for the synchronous powder feeding additive manufacturing technology, it can maintain the stability of powder feeding, Reduce the risk of powder nozzle clogging, so as to ensure that the mixed powder meets the formability requirements of additive manufacturing. In the subsequent additive manufacturing process, due to the mixing method used in the present invention, uniformly mixed metal powder with high sphericity is obtained, which can improve the fluidity of the powder during the additive manufacturing process, increase the laser absorption rate, and make the paving The powder layer is uniform and flat during the powder process, which can keep the powder bulk density at a high level, improve the stability of powder feeding, and reduce the risk of powder nozzle clogging. In the final formed sample, the generation of voids and defects can be reduced, and the composition of the sample can be made uniform.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的装置结构图;Fig. 1 is a device structural diagram of the present invention;
图2为CoCrFeNi高熵合金(粒径15-53um)混合1wt%WC纳米粉末(粒径30-50nm),其中(a)CoCrFeNi混合WC的SEM图(b)表面放大图;Fig. 2 is CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (particle size 15-53um) mixed with 1wt% WC nanopowder (particle size 30-50nm), wherein (a) CoCrFeNi mixed WC SEM image (b) surface enlarged view;
图3为CoCrFeNi高熵合金(粒径15-53um)混合1wt%TiC纳米粉末(粒径40nm),其中,(a)为CoCrFeNi高熵合金混合1wt%TiC纳米粉末粉末颗粒的整体放大图;(b)为TiC纳米粉末在CoCrFeNi高熵合金表面的分布图。Fig. 3 is that CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (particle size 15-53um) mixes 1wt% TiC nano-powder (particle size 40nm), wherein, (a) is the overall enlarged figure of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy mixing 1wt% TiC nano-powder powder particle; ( b) is the distribution map of TiC nanopowder on the surface of CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy.
图4为CoCrFeNi高熵合金(粒径15-53um)混合1wt%Y2O3纳米粉末(粒径10-30nm),其中,(a)为CoCrFeNi高熵合金混合1wt%Y2O3纳米粉末粉末颗粒的整体放大图;(b)为Y2O3纳米粉末在CoCrFeNi高熵合金表面的分布图。Figure 4 is CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy (particle size 15-53um) mixed with 1wt% Y 2 O 3 nanometer powder (particle size 10-30nm), wherein, (a) is CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy mixed with 1wt% Y 2 O 3 nanometer powder The overall enlarged view of powder particles; (b) is the distribution of Y 2 O 3 nano-powder on the surface of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy.
图5为IN625高温合金粉末(粒径15-53um)混合1wt%Y2O3纳米粉末(粒径10-30nm),其中(a)初始IN625粉末,(b)Y2O3纳米粉末,(c)Y2O3纳米粉末团聚体放大图,(d)混合后的粉末,(e)和(f)粉末Y元素和O元素能谱扫描图;Figure 5 is IN625 superalloy powder (particle size 15-53um) mixed with 1wt% Y 2 O 3 nano powder (particle size 10-30nm), wherein (a) initial IN625 powder, (b) Y 2 O 3 nano powder, ( c) Enlarged view of Y 2 O 3 nanopowder agglomerates, (d) mixed powder, (e) and (f) energy spectrum scans of powder Y and O elements;
图6为Ti55531钛合金粉末(粒径45-150um)混合B粉末(粒径100um),其中,(a)为Ti55531钛合金粉末和B粉的混合粉末宏观特征图;(b)为B粉末在Ti55531钛合金表面的分布图。Fig. 6 is the Ti55531 titanium alloy powder (particle size 45-150um) mixed B powder (particle size 100um), wherein, (a) is the macroscopic feature figure of the mixed powder of Ti55531 titanium alloy powder and B powder; (b) is B powder in Distribution map of Ti55531 titanium alloy surface.
图7为AlSi10Mg合金粉末(粒径50-150um)混合1wt%TiB2纳米粉末(平均粒径500nm),其中,(a)为AlSi10Mg合金粉末混合1wt%TiB2纳米粉末粉末颗粒的整体放大图;(b)为TiB2纳米粉末在AlSi10Mg表面的分布图。Fig. 7 is AlSi10Mg alloy powder (particle diameter 50-150um) mixes 1wt%TiB 2 nanopowder (average particle diameter 500nm), wherein, (a) is the overall enlarged view of AlSi10Mg alloy powder mixing 1wt%TiB 2 nanopowder powder particle; (b) is the distribution map of TiB 2 nanometer powder on the surface of AlSi10Mg.
其中,1-冷却风机;2-振动台台体;3-混粉容器;4-第一传感器;5-电源;6-氩气源;7-上位机;8-快插头;9-盖板;10-底板;11-第二传感器。Among them, 1-cooling fan; 2-vibration table body; 3-powder mixing container; 4-first sensor; 5-power supply; 6-argon gas source; 7-host computer; 8-quick plug; 9-cover ; 10 - base plate; 11 - second sensor.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述:The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制;术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性;此外,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise Clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, Can be a communication within two elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
本发明公开了一种用于增材制造的混合装置及方法,参见图1,该混合装置包括振动台台体2,振动台台体2上设置有混粉容器3,混粉容器3和振动台台体2为可拆卸连接。The invention discloses a mixing device and method for additive manufacturing. Referring to FIG. 1, the mixing device includes a vibrating
具体的,振动台台体2上固定设置有底板10,底板10和混粉容器3为可拆卸连接,混粉容器3的上端设置有盖板9,盖板9和底板10均为铝合金板。盖板9和底板10通过8个螺栓连接。盖板9上设置有两个快插头,用于和氩气源6连接。Specifically, the vibrating
底板10上设置有第一传感器4,振动台台体2上设置有第二传感器11,第一传感器4和第二传感器11均和上位机7连接,上位机7通过第一传感器4和第二传感器11采集的振动频率监测混粉容器3的振动频率;上位机7同时控制振动台台体2的加速度,上位机7通过振动控制仪控制振动台台体2的振动频率和加速度。The
电源5同时和振动台台体2与冷却风机1连接,进而同时为两个设备供电,冷却风机1和振动台台体1连接,冷却风机1用于冷却振动台台体2中电流发热和马达运动时产生的热量。The
本发明工业级别振动台的原理通常以电磁控制提供大的推力,振动参数选择范围非常广,如激振力可以从小型的1960N(动圈重量2Kg)至大型的156800N(动圈重量160kg)。在保证60G(G为重力加速度)的加速度下,小型振动台每次混粉重量为1960/(60×9.8)-2=1.3Kg,小型振动台每次混粉重量为156800/(60×9.8)-160=107Kg。由此可见,采用电磁控制的振动台,结合本发明设计的装置,可以高效大规模混粉。The principle of the industrial-grade vibrating table of the present invention usually provides large thrust with electromagnetic control, and the selection range of vibration parameters is very wide, such as the excitation force can be from small 1960N (moving coil weight 2Kg) to large 156800N (moving coil weight 160kg). Under the acceleration of 60G (G is the acceleration of gravity), the powder mixing weight of the small vibration table is 1960/(60×9.8)-2=1.3Kg each time, and the powder mixing weight of the small vibration table is 156800/(60×9.8) )-160=107Kg. It can be seen that the electromagnetically controlled vibrating table combined with the device designed by the present invention can efficiently mix powder on a large scale.
通过上述装置进行混粉的过程包括以下步骤:The process of mixing powder by the above-mentioned device comprises the following steps:
1.将待混合粉末的粉末置于混粉容器3的内部,将混粉容器3至于振动台台体2上,将混粉容器3固定在振动台台体2上,更为具体的,将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过盖板9和底板10的同轴线螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Place the powder to be mixed inside the
2.将2个快插头8全部打开,在氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,流速为10~30cm3/min时将氩气管道接入1个快插头8中,对混粉容器8的内部进行洗气,洗气时间为1-3min,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头8关闭。2. Open all two
3.将第一传感器4固定到混粉容器3的下盖板上,用于监测混粉过程中的振动频率。将第二传感器11固定在振动台台体2上,用于监测并控制混粉过程中的参数。两个传感器同时监测两个装置的振动频率,防止振动台台体2的振动频率无法充分的传递至混粉容器3中,影响混粉效果。3. Fix the
4.通过上位机7设定振动台台体1的振动频率范围为fmin-fmax,设定第一加速度、压缩因子,开始混粉;4. Set the vibration frequency range of the vibrating
5.确定最优振动频率,振动台台体1的振动频率开始从fmin开始振动,振动频率以设定的加速度值开始增加,直至增加至fmax,观察粉末的振动程度,当粉末的振荡程度最为剧烈时,记录对应的频率,该频率为最优频率值fbest。在振动过程,如果发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Determine the optimal vibration frequency. The vibration frequency of the vibrating
6.混粉过程,再次通过上位机设定振动范围f1-f2或者fbest,fmin<f1<fbest,fbest<f2<fmax、驻留时间和第二加速度值,使得振动台台体在f1和f2之间振动;振动台台体1的振动频率从f1开始振动,振动过程中以第二加速度值不断的加速,然后继续升高至fmax,振动结束;或者以fbest频率振动一定时间。6. During the powder mixing process, set the vibration range f 1 -f 2 or f best through the host computer again, f min <f 1 <f best , f best <f 2 <f max , dwell time and second acceleration value, Make the vibrating table body vibrate between f 1 and f 2 ; the vibration frequency of the vibrating
7.混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。7. After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices for sealed storage, and use it for subsequent additive manufacturing.
通过上述制备方法制备出来的混合粉末包括复合的主体粉末和附加粉末,所述附加粉末分散在主体粉末的表面,或者是附加粉末的一部分渗入在主体粉末中;所述主体粉末为铝合金、钛合金、高熵合金、钢或高温合金;附加粉末为金属粉末、碳化物、硼化物或氮化物;,所述主体粉末为微米级,所述附加粉末为微米级或纳米级。The mixed powder prepared by the above preparation method includes a composite main powder and an additional powder, the additional powder is dispersed on the surface of the main powder, or a part of the additional powder is infiltrated into the main powder; the main powder is aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, high-entropy alloy, steel or superalloy; the additional powder is metal powder, carbide, boride or nitride; the main powder is micron-scale, and the additional powder is micron-scale or nano-scale.
下一步结合具体的实施例进一步的描述:Next step is further described in conjunction with specific embodiment:
实施例1Example 1
1.安装:首先将一定质量的WC倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将1Kg左右的CoCrFeNi高熵合金粉末倒入混粉容器3中,盖住WC粉末,防止WC被吹走,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour a certain amount of WC into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。洗气3分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为40和200Hz,即fmin为40和fmax为200Hz,加速度均定义为35g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为40Hz,结束点频率定义为200Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率40和200Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中为100Hz。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, which is 100 Hz in this embodiment. If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,将开始频率定义为100Hz,即最优频率值。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process:
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。混合好的粉末如图2所示,WC粉末在粉末表面分布均匀,白色的WC粉末比较细小,但是可以发现并没有发生团聚现象,在CoCrFeNi高熵合金粉末表面分布很均匀,可以用于增材制造。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use. The mixed powder is shown in Figure 2. The WC powder is evenly distributed on the powder surface. The white WC powder is relatively fine, but it can be found that there is no agglomeration phenomenon. The distribution on the surface of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is very uniform, which can be used for additive manufacture.
实施例2Example 2
1.安装:首先将一定质量的TiC倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将1Kg左右的CoCrFeNi高熵合金粉末倒入混粉容器3中,盖住TiC粉末,防止TiC被吹走,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour a certain quality of TiC into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。洗气1分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为40和200Hz,即fmin为40和fmax为200Hz,加速度均定义为35g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为40Hz,结束点频率定义为200Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率40和200Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中为90Hz。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, which is 90 Hz in this embodiment. If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,将开始频率定义为90Hz,即最优频率值。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process:
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。混合好的粉末如图3所示,颗粒状的白色TiB粉末在CoCrFeNi高熵合金粉末表面分布均匀且TiB粉末没有发生团聚现象,由比较好的分散性,可以用于增材制造。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use. The mixed powder is shown in Figure 3. The granular white TiB powder is evenly distributed on the surface of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and the TiB powder does not agglomerate. Due to its good dispersion, it can be used for additive manufacturing.
实施例3Example 3
1.安装:首先将一定质量的Y2O3倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将1Kg左右的CoCrFeNi高熵合金粉末倒入混粉容器3中,盖住Y2O3粉末,防止Y2O3被吹走,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: First, pour a certain amount of Y 2 O 3 into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。洗气2分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为40和200Hz,即fmin为40和fmax为200Hz,加速度均定义为35g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为40Hz,结束点频率定义为200Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率40和200Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中为70Hz。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, which is 70 Hz in this embodiment. If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,将开始频率定义为70Hz,即最优频率值。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process:
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。混合好的粉末如图4所示,细小的Y2O3粉末在粉末表面分布均匀,由于添加量比较少,Y2O3粉末并没有完全遮盖住CoCrFeNi高熵合金粉末表面,但是其分布非常均匀。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use. The mixed powder is shown in Figure 4. The fine Y 2 O 3 powder is evenly distributed on the powder surface. Due to the relatively small amount of addition, the Y 2 O 3 powder does not completely cover the surface of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, but its distribution is very uniform.
实施例4Example 4
1.安装:首先将一定质量的Y2O3倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将1Kg左右的IN625高温合金粉末倒入混粉容器3中,盖住氧化物粉末,防止Y2O3金属粉被吹走,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour a certain quality of Y 2 O 3 into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。洗气3分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为40和200Hz,即fmin为40和fmax为200Hz,加速度均定义为35g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为40Hz,结束点频率定义为200Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率40和200Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中为88Hz。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, which is 88 Hz in this embodiment. If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,将开始频率定义为80Hz,即最优频率值。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process:
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。混合好的粉末如图5所示,Y2O3粉末在粉末表面分布均匀且Y2O3粉末几乎完全覆盖住整颗IN625高温合金粉末,在IN625高温合金粉末表面形成了一层很薄的Y2O3粉层,这实现了Y2O3粉末的均匀混合,可以用于增材制造。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use. The mixed powder is shown in Figure 5. The Y 2 O 3 powder is evenly distributed on the powder surface and the Y 2 O 3 powder almost completely covers the entire IN625 superalloy powder, forming a thin layer on the surface of the IN625 superalloy powder. Y 2 O 3 powder layer, which realizes uniform mixing of Y 2 O 3 powder, can be used for additive manufacturing.
实施例5Example 5
1.安装:首先将一定质量的B倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将1Kg左右的Ti55531钛合金粉末倒入混粉容器3中,盖住B粉末,防止B粉被吹走,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour a certain amount of B into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。大概洗气1-3分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为15和100Hz,即fmin为15和fmax为100Hz,加速度均定义为15g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为15Hz,结束点频率定义为100Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率15和100Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中没有最优频率,存在最优频率区间(20-30Hz)。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, and there is no optimal frequency in this embodiment, but an optimal frequency range (20-30 Hz). If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:按照步骤1的基本设置,选取20Hz和30Hz,即f1为20Hz,f2为30Hz;分别作为开始点频率和结束点频率。重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process: According to the basic settings in
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。混合好的粉末如图6(b)所示,微米级B粉末附着在Ti55531钛合金粉末表面,比较小的B粉成为了较大的Ti55531钛合金粉末的行星粉,从整体效果图(a)可以观察到,B粉在Ti55531钛合金粉末表面分布较为均匀,可以用于增材制造。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use. The mixed powder is shown in Figure 6(b). The micron-sized B powder is attached to the surface of the Ti55531 titanium alloy powder, and the smaller B powder becomes the planetary powder of the larger Ti55531 titanium alloy powder. From the overall effect diagram (a) It can be observed that the distribution of B powder on the surface of Ti55531 titanium alloy powder is relatively uniform, which can be used for additive manufacturing.
实施例6Example 6
1.安装:首先将1Kg的AlSi10Mg合金粉末倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将一定质量的TiB2倒入混粉容器3中,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour 1Kg of AlSi10Mg alloy powder into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。大概洗气3分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为0和50Hz,即fmin为0和fmax为50Hz,加速度均定义为35g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为0Hz,结束点频率定义为50Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率0和50Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中没有最优频率,存在最优频率区间(10-25Hz)。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, and there is no optimal frequency in this embodiment, but an optimal frequency range (10-25 Hz). If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:按照步骤1的基本设置,选取10Hz和25Hz,即f1为10Hz,f2为25Hz;分别作为开始点频率和结束点频率。重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process: According to the basic settings in
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。混合好的粉末如图7所示,纳米级白色TiB2粉末在AlSi10Mg合金粉末表面分布均匀且TiB2粉末没有发生团聚现象,在AlSi10Mg合金粉末表面有很好的分散性,可以用于增材制造。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use. The mixed powder is shown in Figure 7. The nanoscale white TiB 2 powder is evenly distributed on the surface of the AlSi10Mg alloy powder and the TiB 2 powder does not agglomerate. It has good dispersion on the surface of the AlSi10Mg alloy powder and can be used for additive manufacturing. .
实施例7Example 7
1.安装:首先将1Kg的316L不锈钢合金粉末倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将一定质量的Ti3N4倒入混粉容器3中,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour 1Kg of 316L stainless steel alloy powder into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。大概洗气3分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为0和40Hz,即fmin为0和fmax为40Hz,加速度均定义为35g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为0Hz,结束点频率定义为40Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率0和40Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequencies in the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中为9Hz。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, which is 9 Hz in this embodiment. If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,将开始频率定义为9Hz,即最优频率值。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process:
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use.
实施例7Example 7
1.安装:首先将一定质量的金属Mo粉倒入混粉容器3的内部,然后将1Kg左右的纯Ti粉末倒入混粉容器3中,盖住金属Mo粉末,防止金属Mo被吹走,将混粉容器3放置在振动台台体2上方,要求将底板10的螺孔对准振动台台体2上方的螺母孔,盖上Al合金盖板9,将8根螺栓穿过2个Al合金盖板9的螺孔,拧入振动台台体2的螺母当中,拧紧螺丝,将上盖板9、混粉容器3和振动台台体2完全固定在一起。1. Installation: first pour a certain amount of metal Mo powder into the
2.洗气:将2个快插头8全部打开。将氩气源6的氩气解压阀处打开开关,调整氩气流量,等到流速为10~30cm3/min时,将氩气管道接入快插头8中,进行洗气。大概洗气1-3分钟之后,拔出氩气管道,并及时将2个快插头关闭。2. Air washing: Open all the two
3.粘贴传感器:将第一传感器4粘贴到混粉容器3的底板10上,用于监测混粉过程中的参数。将第二传感器粘贴到振动台台体2上,用于控制混粉过程中的参数。3. Paste the sensor: Paste the
4.基本设置:打开操作软件点击编写试验方案。在扫频谱1的频率一列添加两行频率,分别为15和80Hz,即fmin为15和fmax为80Hz,加速度均定义为15g。在默认扫频率1列,开始点频率定义为15Hz,结束点频率定义为80Hz。在默认压缩因子1列的开始点和结束点分别输入频率15和80Hz,压缩因子默认为5。设置完成之后,点击开始按钮,混粉过程开始。4. Basic settings: Open the operating software and click to write the test plan. Add two rows of frequency to the frequency column of
5.寻找最优参数:肉眼关注混粉容器内部的粉末振动状况,当粉末上下振荡程度最为剧烈的时候(震起的粉末接触到上盖板),记录下此刻对应的频率。此频率为最优频率值,本实施例中为25Hz。若发现粉末振荡情况较为平缓,可以考虑调整开始点频率和结束点频率,以及加速度值,重新进行最优频率值的选取。5. Find the optimal parameters: pay attention to the vibration of the powder inside the powder mixing container with the naked eye, and record the corresponding frequency when the powder vibrates up and down most violently (the vibrated powder touches the upper cover). This frequency is an optimal frequency value, which is 25 Hz in this embodiment. If it is found that the powder vibration is relatively gentle, you can consider adjusting the start point frequency, end point frequency, and acceleration value, and re-select the optimal frequency value.
6.混粉过程:重复步骤1的基本设置。在计划表1列添加“驻留”类型,将开始频率定义为15Hz,即最优频率值。在时间列设置驻留时间,设置为3min。然后点击开始按钮。3min过后,1次混粉过程结束,停留1min让容器散热。之后重复此混粉过程3次,总共混合12min。完成混粉过程。可以考虑在混粉2次后重新进行洗气过程,确保混粉容器内部氛围。6. Powder mixing process:
7.拆卸:混粉结束后,先将两个传感器取下,之后拧开螺栓,取下上盖板,将混好的粉末干燥后,倒入其他保存装置中密封保存,供后续增材制造使用。7. Disassembly: After the powder mixing is completed, first remove the two sensors, then unscrew the bolts, remove the upper cover, dry the mixed powder, pour it into other storage devices and store it sealed for subsequent additive manufacturing use.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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