CN114045013A - High-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114045013A CN114045013A CN202111425168.3A CN202111425168A CN114045013A CN 114045013 A CN114045013 A CN 114045013A CN 202111425168 A CN202111425168 A CN 202111425168A CN 114045013 A CN114045013 A CN 114045013A
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- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 210
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 44
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/10—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by grinding, e.g. by triturating; by sieving; by filtering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material and a processing technology thereof, wherein the injection molding material comprises the following components in parts by mass: PBS: 60-80 parts, talcum powder: 10-30 parts of coupling agent: 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc stearate: 0.5-1.5 parts of EBS: 0.5 to 1.5 portions. The processing technology comprises the following steps: (1) premixing; (2) mechanically mixing; (3) extruding and granulating; (4) screening particles; (5) and (5) injection molding. The invention has simple production process and high production efficiency, adopts PBS material to replace PLA material, leads the obtained product to have better temperature resistance, better material toughness and more convenient actual processing, screens the granulated particles in the actual processing process, screens the qualified particles and eliminates the unqualified particles, thereby improving the quality of the final product, effectively ensuring the quality of the screened particles through multi-step screening operation during screening, and realizing automatic operation of the whole screening process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biodegradable materials, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material and a processing technology thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy in China, plastic products are more and more, however, a large amount of difficultly-decomposed waste is generated due to the use of a large amount of plastic products, so that white pollution is caused, and great harm is brought to the living environment and production of human beings. In order to eliminate the white pollution, the production methods of various completely biodegradable plastics are successfully researched by our country. Among them, there are more than ten varieties of polylactic acid esters (PLA), PVA, PVB, and the like. Polylactic acid (PLA) can be completely biodegraded, is derived from renewable resources such as plants and the like, has the performance similar to that of common plastic polypropylene, such as high modulus, high tensile strength and good processability. However, the brittleness of polylactic acid is severe and the notch impact strength is less than 3KJ/m2Severely limiting its widespread use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material and a processing technology thereof, the material has high degradation rate, simple production technology, high production efficiency and low cost, a PBS material is adopted to replace a PLA material, so that the obtained product has better temperature resistance and better material toughness, and is more convenient for actual processing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material is characterized in that: the injection molding material comprises the following components in parts by mass: PBS: 60-80 parts, talcum powder: 10-30 parts of coupling agent: 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc stearate: 0.5-1.5 parts of EBS: 0.5-1.5 parts; the PBS material is adopted to replace a PLA material in the prior art, so that the obtained product has better temperature resistance and better material toughness, and is more convenient for actual processing, and the coupling agent can be a titanium coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent or an aluminum-titanium composite coupling agent.
Furthermore, the talcum powder is food-grade talcum powder, so that the stability is high, the durability, pollution resistance and the like of the material can be effectively improved, the food-grade talcum powder is good in lubricity, and the quality of the prepared product is improved.
Further, the components also comprise other auxiliary agents: 0.5 to 0.6 portion.
Further, other auxiliary agents comprise an antioxidant and an anti-hydrolysis agent, the mass part ratio of the antioxidant to the anti-hydrolysis agent is 1:1, the antioxidant performance of the injection molding material can be improved through an antioxidant, the hydrolysis resistance of the injection molding material under the using condition can be ensured through a hydrolysis resistant agent, the weather resistance and the processability of the material are enhanced, the using requirement of injection molding material products is met, and the service life of the injection molding material products is effectively prolonged, wherein the antioxidant can be selected from any one or the combination of [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-alkyl phenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester, 2, 2' -methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-tert-butyl phenol), 4-diiso-bisphenol (12-14) carbon alkyl phosphite, and tris (2, 4-di-tert-butyl phenyl) phosphite ester; the hydrolysis resistant agent may be one or both of carbodiimide and polycarbodiimide.
Further, the components also comprise plant fibers: 5-20 parts of plant fiber materials such as plant fibers and the like are added, so that the materials can be reinforced, the quality of the materials is improved, and the plant fibers can be hemp, jute, flax, ramie or sisal.
A processing technology of a high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) premixing: weighing food-grade talcum powder and a coupling agent according to the mass ratio, adding the food-grade talcum powder and the coupling agent into a high-speed mixing pot, and stirring for 10 minutes; firstly, food-grade talcum powder and a coupling agent are premixed uniformly to obtain talcum powder with a good surface activation treatment, so that the product quality is improved;
(2) mechanical mixing: weighing PBS, zinc stearate, EBS, plant fiber, antioxidant and hydrolysis resistant agent according to the mass part ratio, adding the material mixed in the step (1), PBS, zinc stearate, EBS, plant fiber, antioxidant and hydrolysis resistant agent into a mixing pot, and mixing for 10 minutes;
(3) and (3) extruding and granulating: pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (2) into a parallel double-screw extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, wherein the vacuum degree of the parallel double-screw extruder is not less than 0.8Mpa, and the length-diameter ratio of the parallel double-screw extruder is (44:1) - (52: 1);
(4) and (3) particle screening:
a. filtering and screening:
firstly, screening extruded and granulated particles, conveying the particles into a screening box from a feed hopper through a feeding device, wherein the screening box is positioned on a supporting plate, a screen plate at the bottom of the screening box is just positioned in an open slot of the supporting plate, so that screen holes of the screen plate are completely positioned in the open slot, an open end of the screening box is just clamped in a limiting clamping frame, and the limiting clamping frame is abutted against a baffle at the open end of the limiting screening box, so that the baffle is tightly attached to and covers the open end of the screening box; the sieve plate at the bottom of the screening box is completely positioned in the open slot in the initial state, so that the sieve mesh is ensured to be completely positioned in the open slot, unqualified particles screened out directly enter the open slot from the sieve mesh in the subsequent oscillation and swing screening process and are discharged through the open slot, the particles are effectively prevented from splashing around when being screened out in the vibration screening process, the actual operation is influenced, and the baffle plate at the open end of the screening box is tightly attached to the open end under the limiting and abutting action of the limiting clamping frame in the initial state, so that the open end is sealed and shielded, the open end is effectively prevented from being opened in the vibration screening process, and the actual screening process is influenced;
secondly, after the particles enter the screening box, starting a vibrator on the supporting plate, positioning the supporting plate on the supporting seat, fixedly connecting the supporting plate and the supporting seat through a spring, and enabling the supporting plate to vibrate and swing through the vibration of the vibrator and the spring, so that the screening box on the supporting plate synchronously swings; the support plate can oscillate by matching the vibration of the vibrator with the deformation of the spring, so that the screening box on the support plate oscillates, particles can vibrate along with the screening box in the screening box, the particles are continuously thrown and thrown on the screen plate to screen the particles, the screening efficiency is effectively improved, qualified particles are intercepted in the screening box, unqualified particles are discharged from screen holes of the screen plate, the structural design is reasonable, the use and operation automation operation is realized, the screening time of the screening box at each time can be controlled by matching the controller, the screening process is more reasonable and scientific, and the screening quality is ensured;
b. magnetic attraction screening:
the lifting cylinders on two sides of the screening box are synchronously started, piston rods of the lifting cylinders extend to push the lifting sleeves to move upwards along the guide columns, meanwhile, limiting heads on the lifting sleeves are just matched and clamped in limiting sliding grooves of limiting frames on the corresponding side surfaces of the screening box, the two lifting sleeves are connected through a connecting rod, and the pushing cylinders arranged on the connecting rod are connected with the screening box, so that the limiting heads push the limiting frames and the pushing cylinders limit the screening box when the lifting sleeves move upwards, the screening box can synchronously move upwards along with the lifting sleeves until the lifting sleeves abut against limiting top plates at the top ends of the guide columns, and the opening ends of the screening box are completely separated from the limiting clamping frames; the lifting cylinders are fixedly arranged on the supporting plate, the lifting cylinders on two sides can push the corresponding lifting sleeves to move upwards, the lifting sleeves are limited in the corresponding limiting frames, so that the screening box can be pushed to move upwards synchronously, the screening box can be moved upwards to be completely separated from the limiting clamping frame and the screening box, the subsequent pushing operation of the pushing cylinder and the pushing operation of the pushing cylinder are facilitated, the limiting top plate is arranged at the top end of the guide post, the upward movement of the screening box is ensured to be in place through the limiting effect of the limiting top plate, the actual upward movement operation is facilitated, the operation safety is improved, the two lifting sleeves are connected into a whole through the connecting rod, the consistency of the upward movement process is ensured, the stability and the verticality of the upward movement process of the screening box are ensured, the connecting rod can provide a supporting surface for the installation of the pushing cylinder, the installation and the fixation of the pushing cylinder are facilitated, and the pushing cylinder is connected with the screening box, therefore, in the lifting operation, the upward moving operation of the screening box is safer and more reliable;
secondly, starting the pushing cylinder, extending a piston rod of the pushing cylinder, pushing the screening box to move towards the magnetic separation box, driving the limiting frames on two sides to move synchronously during movement of the screening box, and always being limited by the limiting heads during movement of the limiting frames until the limiting heads abut against the limiting end parts of the limiting frames, so that the opening end of the screening box just moves into the material guide hopper; the pushing cylinder pushes the screening box to move towards the direction of the magnetic separation box, so that qualified particles after screening can be conveniently pushed into the magnetic separation box by a subsequent pushing cylinder, in the pushing process, when the limiting head is abutted to the corresponding end part of the limiting frame to represent that the pushing is in place, the opening end of the screening box moves into the material guide hopper, so that the subsequent pushing operation of the pushing cylinder is convenient, the qualified particles after screening can be conveniently pushed into the material guide hopper, and the actual operation and adjustment are more convenient;
the pushing cylinder is started, a piston rod of the pushing cylinder extends to push the pushing plate to move towards the outlet end of the screening box, two sides of the pushing plate are matched and clamped on guide rods on the inner side wall of the screening box through clamping grooves, the pushing plate slides along the guide rods during moving, when the pushing plate moves to touch the end parts of adjusting frames on the guide rods, the adjusting frames are fixedly connected with the baffle plates, limiting blocks corresponding to the guide rods are clamped in adjusting sliding grooves of the adjusting frames, the pushing plate can push the adjusting frames to synchronously move along the guide rods when touching the adjusting frames, the adjusting frames are always subjected to limiting guiding of the limiting blocks, the adjusting frames push the baffle plates to move at the same time, the opening end of the screening box is opened, and particles in the screening box are pushed out through the pushing plate; the structure design is ingenious and reasonable, the material pushing plate is positioned in the screening box and is attached to the inner end face far away from the outlet end of the screening box, when the material pushing cylinder pushes the material pushing plate fixedly connected with the material pushing cylinder to move along the screening box, particles in the screening box can be pushed to move towards the outlet end of the screening box, two sides of the material pushing plate can synchronously slide along the guide rod during the movement of the material pushing plate, the stability and the horizontality during the movement of the material pushing plate are ensured, in addition, the design can also ensure that the material pushing plate can be abutted against the adjusting frame clamped on the guide rod in a limiting manner after moving to a certain distance, the adjusting frame is clamped on the limiting block corresponding to the guide rod through the adjusting chute, the top of the limiting block is also provided with a top pressure plate, the clamping stability between the adjusting frame and the guide rod is ensured, when the material pushing plate is abutted against the adjusting frame, the material pushing plate continuously moves to push the adjusting frame to synchronously move, so that the baffle fixedly connected with the adjusting frame moves, opening the opening end of the screening box, and continuously pushing by the push plate to smoothly discharge the particles from the opening end;
the particles are pushed out and directly enter the material guide hopper, enter the magnetic separation box through the material guide hopper, gradually move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box along the inclined slope surface in the magnetic separation box, and finally move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box through the magnetic treatment of the magnetic rod in the magnetic separation box in the moving process and are discharged from the outlet end; the particles are guided by the guide hopper to directly enter the magnetic separation box, so that the particles screened by the screening box can directly enter the magnetic separation box for further screening treatment, the particles entering the magnetic separation box can be discharged to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box along the trend under the action of the inclined slope surface in the magnetic separation box, and the particles can pass through the magnetic rod in the process of moving along the slope surface, so that metal impurities in the particles can be further improved through the magnetic treatment of the magnetic rod; when the particles are pushed out from the open end of the screening box, the particles directly enter the material guide hopper, then directly enter the magnetic separation box under the guidance of the material guide hopper, automatically move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box through the slope design without any other power action, and further absorb impurities such as metal in the screened particles through the over-magnetization of a plurality of magnetic rods in the moving process, so that the quality of the particles is further improved, and the quality of a product subjected to subsequent injection molding processing is improved;
(5) injection molding: the screened particles meeting the requirements are added into an injection molding machine, injection molding materials are obtained through injection molding, and the particles obtained after screening are qualified are subjected to injection molding processing, so that the actual quality can be effectively improved.
Further, in the step (4), after the particles are magnetically sucked and screened, the particles are conveyed to a winnowing machine for further screening, finally, the qualified particles are used for injection molding, the magnetically sucked and screened particles are further screened, and lighter impurities in the particles can be screened through a winnowing machine, so that the quality is further improved.
Further, in the step (4), in the step (a), first magnetic sheets are arranged on both sides of the baffle plate at the opening end of the screening box, the screening box is also provided with an extension plate, the extension plate is provided with a second magnetic sheet, the baffle is correspondingly attached to the extension plate, meanwhile, the first magnetic sheet on the baffle plate is adsorbed with the second magnetic sheet on the extension plate, the structural design is ingenious and reasonable, and through the mutual adsorption action of the first magnetic sheet and the second magnetic sheet, can ensure the close fit between the baffle plate and the screening box, ensure the sealing and shielding effect of the baffle plate, ensure that the opening end of the screening box is tightly shielded in the process of pushing the screening box to move towards the magnetic suction box by the pushing cylinder, effectively avoid the leakage of particles in the screening box, when the pushing plate pushes the baffle, the first magnetic sheet and the second magnetic sheet can be separated only when the pushing force reaches a certain value, and the baffle can push the baffle to expose the opening end.
Further, in step a of step (4), the particles discharged from the sieve mesh directly enter the open slot, then enter the discharging hopper communicated with the open slot from the open slot, then enter the collecting box through the outlet discharge of the discharging hopper, the discharging hopper communicated with the open slot is arranged below the open slot, so that the unqualified particles screened and discharged directly enter the discharging hopper from the open slot, and then directly enter the collecting box from the discharging hopper, so that the discharging process of the whole particles is smooth, and the open slot, the discharging hopper and the collecting box are matched, so that the situation of splashing around can not occur in the particle discharge, the particles can smoothly enter the collecting box, and the centralized recovery processing is waited, so that the overall operation is more convenient, the waste of data is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Further, in step b's of step (4) step (II), be provided with the auxiliary bearing in the backup pad, the top surface height of a auxiliary bearing and the screening case bottom surface height after shifting up to the right place are equal, when promotion cylinder promoted the screening case and moved toward the magnetic separation case, the tip that the screening case is close to the magnetic separation case can progressively remove the support on the auxiliary bearing, and reasonable in design, the top surface height of auxiliary bearing and the screening case bottom surface height after shifting up to the right place are the same, make lead to promotion cylinder promote the screening case toward magnetism inhale the case removal in-process, can not produce the difference in height between screening case and the auxiliary bearing, make the screening case can promote to support on the auxiliary bearing, through the auxiliary support effect of auxiliary bearing, effectively improve overall structure's security and fastness, reduce the potential safety hazard of operation.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the biodegradable injection molding material has high degradation rate, simple production process, high production efficiency and low cost, adopts PBS material to replace PLA material, leads the obtained product to have better temperature resistance, better material toughness and more convenient actual processing, simultaneously strengthens the material by adding plant fiber material such as plant fiber and the like, screens the granulated particles in the actual processing process to screen qualified particles and remove unqualified particles, thereby improving the quality of the final product, effectively ensures the quality of the screened particles through multi-step screening operation during screening, ensures the operation automation of the whole screening process, does not need manual operation, has high screening efficiency and quality guarantee, is suitable for industrial operation, increases the vacuum degree of a main machine during the production and granulation process, sucks out small molecular substances, the migratable substances are reduced, and when the PBS material is selected, the PBS with better monomer residue is selected, so that the raw material treatment is further improved, and the final material quality is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an initial state of a screening box of the present invention on a support plate;
FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the present invention in a state after the lifting cylinder pushes the screening box to move up to a certain position;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the present invention in a state after the pushing cylinder pushes the screening box to translate in place;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the interior of the screening box of FIG. 4 with the top cover removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a state when the pushing cylinder pushes the pushing plate to move and touch the adjusting frame;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a state where the push plate is removed from the opening of the screen box;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a state where the baffle is separated from the extension plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an installation structure between a support plate and a support frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic separation box in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a structural diagram illustrating the position state between the pusher plate and the baffle when the opening end of the screening box is opened according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the scraping plate in the screening box according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a baffle plate in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a feed hopper; 2-screening box; 3-a support plate; 4-sieve plate; 5-screening holes; 6-open slot; 7-limiting clamping frame; 8-a baffle plate; 9-a vibrator; 10-a support seat; 11-a spring; 12-a lifting cylinder; 13-lifting sleeve; 14-a guide post; 15-a limiting head; 16-a limit frame; 17-a limiting chute; 18-a connecting rod; 19-a pushing cylinder; 20-a limit top plate; 21-a material pushing cylinder; 22-a material pushing plate; 23-a card slot; 24-a guide bar; 25-an adjustment frame; 26-adjusting the chute; 27-a limiting block; 28-a material guide hopper; 29-magnetic separation box; 30-a magnetic bar; 31-a first magnetic sheet; 32-an extension plate; 33-a second magnetic sheet; 34-a discharge hopper; 35-a collection box; 36-an auxiliary support; 37-top pressure plate.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material which comprises the following components in parts by mass: PBS: 60-80 parts, talcum powder: 10-30 parts of coupling agent: 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc stearate: 0.5-1.5 parts of EBS: 0.5-1.5 parts; the PBS material is adopted to replace a PLA material in the prior art, so that the obtained product has better temperature resistance and better material toughness, and is more convenient for actual processing, and the coupling agent can be a titanium coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent or an aluminum-titanium composite coupling agent.
The talcum powder is food grade talcum powder, has high stability, can effectively improve the durability, pollution resistance and the like of materials, has good lubricity, and improves the quality of prepared products.
The components also comprise other auxiliary agents: 0.5 to 0.6 portion. The other auxiliary agents comprise an antioxidant and a hydrolysis resistant agent, the mass part ratio of the antioxidant to the hydrolysis resistant agent is 1:1, the antioxidant performance of the injection molding material can be improved through the antioxidant, the hydrolysis resistant performance of the injection molding material under the use condition can be ensured through the hydrolysis resistant agent, the weather resistance and the processability of the material are enhanced, the use requirement of an injection molding material product is met, and the service life of the injection molding material product is effectively prolonged. The antioxidant can be selected from any one or combination of [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-alkyl phenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester, 2, 2' -methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4-diiso-idenebisphenol (12-14) alkyl phosphite, and tri (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite; the hydrolysis resistant agent may be one or both of carbodiimide and polycarbodiimide.
The components also comprise plant fibers: 5-20 parts of plant fiber materials such as plant fibers and the like are added, so that the materials can be reinforced, the quality of the materials is improved, and the plant fibers can be hemp, jute, flax, ramie or sisal.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, a processing technology of a high temperature resistant biodegradable injection molding material comprises the following steps:
(1) premixing: weighing food-grade talcum powder and a coupling agent according to the mass ratio, adding the food-grade talcum powder and the coupling agent into a high-speed mixing pot, and stirring for 10 minutes; firstly, food-grade talcum powder and a coupling agent are premixed uniformly to obtain talcum powder with a good surface activation treatment, so that the product quality is improved;
(2) mechanical mixing: weighing PBS, zinc stearate, EBS, plant fiber, antioxidant and hydrolysis resistant agent according to the mass part ratio, adding the material mixed in the step (1), PBS, zinc stearate, EBS, plant fiber, antioxidant and hydrolysis resistant agent into a mixing pot, and mixing for 10 minutes;
(3) and (3) extruding and granulating: pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (2) into a parallel double-screw extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, wherein the vacuum degree of the parallel double-screw extruder is not less than 0.8Mpa, and the length-diameter ratio of the parallel double-screw extruder is (44:1) - (52: 1);
(4) and (3) particle screening:
a. filtering and screening:
firstly, screening the particles after extrusion granulation, conveying the particles from a feed hopper 1 into a screening box 2 through a feeding device, wherein the screening box 2 is positioned on a supporting plate 3, and a screen plate 4 at the bottom of the screening box 2 is just positioned in an open slot 6 of the supporting plate 3, so that a screen hole 5 of the screen plate 4 is completely positioned in the open slot 6, meanwhile, the open end of the screening box 2 is just clamped in a limiting clamping frame 7, the limiting clamping frame 7 is abutted against a baffle plate 8 at the open end of the limiting screening box 2, and the baffle plate 8 is tightly attached to and shields the open end of the screening box 2; the sieve plate 4 at the bottom of the screening box 2 is completely positioned in the open slot 6 in the initial state, so that the sieve mesh 5 is ensured to be completely positioned in the open slot 6, the screened unqualified particles directly enter the open slot 6 from the sieve mesh 5 in the subsequent oscillation and swing screening process and are discharged through the open slot 6, the particles are effectively prevented from splashing around when screened out in the vibration screening process, the actual operation is influenced, and the baffle plate 8 at the open end of the screening box 2 in the initial state tightly abuts against the open end under the limiting abutting action of the limiting clamping frame 7, so that the open end is tightly sealed and shielded, the open end is effectively prevented from being attached to the open end in the vibration screening process, and the actual screening process is influenced;
the two sides of the baffle 8 at the opening end of the screening box 2 are both provided with a first magnetic sheet 31, the screening box 2 is also provided with an extension plate 32, the extension plate 32 is provided with a second magnetic sheet 33, the baffle 8 is correspondingly attached to the extension plate 32, and simultaneously the first magnetic sheet 31 on the baffle 8 is adsorbed to the second magnetic sheet 33 on the extension plate 32, the structural design is ingenious and reasonable, the attaching tightness between the baffle 8 and the screening box 2 can be ensured through the mutual adsorption action of the first magnetic sheet 31 and the second magnetic sheet 33, the sealing and shielding action of the baffle 8 is ensured, the opening end of the screening box 2 is ensured to be tightly shielded in the process that the pushing cylinder pushes the screening box 2 to move towards the magnetic suction box, the leakage of particles in the screening box 2 is effectively avoided, when the pushing plate pushes the baffle 8, the first magnetic sheet 31 can be separated from the second magnetic sheet 33 only when the pushing force reaches a certain value, the baffle 8 can push the opening end to be exposed;
secondly, after the particles enter the screening box 2, a vibrator 9 on the supporting plate 3 is started, the supporting plate 3 is positioned on a supporting seat 10, the supporting plate 3 is fixedly connected with the supporting seat 10 through a spring 11, the supporting plate 3 is vibrated and swung through the vibration of the vibrator 9 and the spring 11, so that the screening box 2 positioned on the supporting plate 3 swings synchronously, and in the swinging process of the screening box 2, the particles in the screening box 2 are subjected to vibration screening, so that the particles meeting the requirements are intercepted in the screening box 2, and the particles not meeting the requirements are discharged from a sieve pore 5 of the sieve plate 4 until the set filtering and screening time of the screening box 2 is reached, and the vibrator 9 is closed; the vibration of the vibrator 9 is matched with the deformation of the spring 11, so that the support plate 3 can vibrate and swing, the screening box 2 on the support plate 3 can vibrate and swing, particles can vibrate along with the screening box 2 in the screening box 2, the particles are continuously thrown and thrown on the screen plate 4, the particles are screened, the screening efficiency is effectively improved, the qualified particles are intercepted in the screening box 2, the unqualified particles are discharged from the screen holes 5 of the screen plate 4, the structural design is reasonable, the automatic operation is used and operated, the matching controller can control the screening time of the screening box 2 each time, the screening process is more reasonable and scientific, and the screening quality is ensured;
the particles discharged from the sieve holes 5 directly enter the open slot 6, then enter the discharging hopper 34 which is communicated with the open slot 6 from the open slot 6, are discharged through the outlet of the discharging hopper 34 and enter the collecting box 35, the discharging hopper 34 which is communicated is arranged below the open slot 6, so that the unqualified particles screened and discharged directly enter the discharging hopper 34 from the open slot 6, and then directly enter the collecting box 35 from the discharging hopper 34, the whole particle discharging process is smooth, and the open slot 6, the discharging hopper 34 and the collecting box 35 are matched, so that the situation of splashing around can not occur in the particle discharging process, the particles can smoothly enter the collecting box 35, the centralized recovery processing is waited, the whole operation is more convenient, the waste of data is reduced, and the cost is saved;
b. magnetic attraction screening:
firstly, the lifting cylinders 12 at two sides of the screening box 2 are synchronously started, the piston rods of the lifting cylinders 12 extend to push the lifting sleeves 13 to move upwards along the guide posts 14, meanwhile, the limiting heads 15 on the lifting sleeves 13 are just matched and clamped in the limiting sliding grooves 17 of the limiting frames 16 at the corresponding sides of the screening box 2, the limiting sliding grooves 17 and the limiting heads 15 are skillfully arranged in a dovetail shape, the clamping firmness is ensured, the horizontal movement of the limiting heads 15 along the limiting sliding grooves 17 is not influenced, the safety and the stability of the whole structure are improved, the two lifting sleeves 13 are connected through the connecting rod 18, the pushing cylinder 19 arranged on the connecting rod 18 is connected with the screening box 2, so that when the lifting sleeves 13 are lifted, the upper limiting heads 15 push the limiting frames 16 and the pushing cylinder 19 to limit the screening box 2, the screening box 2 can synchronously move upwards along with the lifting sleeves 13 until the lifting sleeves 13 abut against the limiting top plates 20 at the top ends of the guide posts 14, so that the opening end of the screening box 2 is completely separated from the limiting clamping frame 7; the lifting cylinders 12 are fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 3, the lifting cylinders 12 on two sides can push the corresponding lifting sleeves 13 to move upwards, the lifting sleeves 13 are limited in the corresponding limiting frames 16, so that the screening box 2 can be pushed to move upwards synchronously, the screening box 2 moves upwards to a position between the limiting clamp frames 7 and the screening box 2 and is completely separated, the subsequent pushing operation of the pushing cylinders 19 and the material pushing operation of the material pushing cylinders are facilitated, the limiting top plates 20 are arranged at the top ends of the guide posts 14, the upward moving of the screening box 2 is ensured through the limiting effect of the limiting top plates 20, the actual upward moving operation is more facilitated, the operation safety is improved, the two lifting sleeves 13 are connected into a whole through the connecting rods 18, the consistency of the upward moving process is ensured, the stability and the verticality of the upward moving process of the screening box 2 are ensured, and the connecting rods 18 can provide supporting surfaces for the installation of the pushing cylinders 19, the pushing cylinder 19 is convenient to mount and fix, and the pushing cylinder 19 is connected with the screening box 2, so that the screening box 2 is moved upwards more safely and reliably in the lifting operation;
secondly, starting the pushing cylinder 19, extending a piston rod of the pushing cylinder 19, pushing the screening box 2 to move towards the magnetic separation box 29, driving the limiting frames 16 at two sides to move synchronously in the movement of the screening box 2, and always limiting the movement of the limiting frames 16 by the limiting heads 15 until the limiting heads 15 abut against the limiting end parts of the limiting frames 16, so that the opening end of the screening box 2 just moves into the material guide hopper 28; the pushing cylinder 19 pushes the screening box 2 to move towards the magnetic separation box 29, so that qualified screened particles can be conveniently pushed into the magnetic separation box 29 by the subsequent pushing cylinder 21, and in the pushing process, when the limiting head 15 is abutted to the corresponding end part of the limiting frame 16, the pushing is in place, the opening end of the screening box 2 moves into the material guide hopper 28, so that the subsequent pushing operation of the pushing cylinder 21 is facilitated, the qualified screened particles can be conveniently pushed into the material guide hopper 28, and the actual operation and adjustment are more convenient;
the supporting plate 3 is provided with an auxiliary support 36, the height of the top surface of the auxiliary support 36 is equal to the height of the bottom surface of the screening box 2 after the screening box 2 is moved in place, when the pushing cylinder 19 pushes the screening box 2 to move towards the magnetic separation box 29, the end part of the screening box 2 close to the magnetic separation box 29 can be gradually moved and supported on the auxiliary support 36, the design is reasonable, the height of the top surface of the auxiliary support 36 is consistent with the height of the bottom surface of the screening box 2 after the screening box is moved in place, so that the pushing cylinder 19 pushes the screening box 2 to move towards the magnetic absorption box, no height difference can be generated between the screening box 2 and the auxiliary support 36, the screening box 2 can be pushed and supported on the auxiliary support 36, and the safety and the firmness of the whole structure can be effectively improved through the auxiliary supporting effect of the auxiliary support 36, and the potential safety hazard of operation can be reduced;
thirdly, the material pushing cylinder 21 is started, the piston rod of the material pushing cylinder 21 extends to push the material pushing plate 22 to move towards the outlet end direction of the screening box 2, two sides of the material pushing plate 22 are matched and clamped on the guide rod 24 on the inner side wall of the screening box 2 through the clamping groove 23, the material pushing plate 22 slides along the guide rod 24 during moving, when the material pushing plate 22 moves and touches the end part of the adjusting frame 25 on the guide rod 24, because the adjusting frame 25 is fixedly connected with the baffle 8, and the adjusting slide groove 26 of the adjusting frame 25 is clamped with the limit block 27 corresponding to the guide rod 24, the material pushing plate 22 can push the adjusting frame 25 to synchronously move along the guide rod 24 when contacting the adjusting frame 25, and the adjusting frame 25 is always limited and guided by the limit block 27, meanwhile, the adjusting frame 25 pushes the baffle 8 to move, so that the opening end of the screening box 2 is opened, and the particles in the screening box 2 are pushed out through the material pushing plate 22; the structure design is ingenious and reasonable, the material pushing plate 22 is positioned in the screening box 2 and is attached to the inner end face far away from the outlet end of the screening box 2, when the material pushing cylinder 21 pushes the material pushing plate 22 fixedly connected with the material pushing cylinder to move along the screening box 2, the particles in the screening box 2 are pushed to move towards the outlet end of the screening box 2, the two sides of the material pushing plate 22 can synchronously slide along the guide rod 24 during the movement, the moving stability and the levelness of the material pushing plate 22 are ensured, the design can also ensure that the material pushing plate 22 can be abutted to the adjusting frame 25 clamped on the guide rod 24 in a limiting manner after moving to a certain distance, the adjusting frame 25 is clamped on the limiting block 27 on the corresponding guide rod 24 through the adjusting chute 26, the top of the limiting block 27 is also provided with the jacking plate 37 to ensure the clamping stability between the adjusting frame 25 and the guide rod 24, when the material pushing plate 22 abuts on the adjusting frame 25, the material pushing plate 22 continues to move to push the adjusting frame 25 to synchronously move, the baffle 8 fixedly connected with the adjusting frame 25 moves to open the opening end of the screening box 2, and the push plate continues to push, so that the particles are smoothly discharged from the opening end;
the particles are pushed out to directly enter the material guide hopper 28, enter the magnetic separation box 29 through the material guide hopper 28, gradually move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box 29 along the inclined slope surface in the magnetic separation box 29, and in the moving process, the particles are finally moved to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box 29 through the magnetic treatment of the magnetic rod 30 in the magnetic separation box 29 and are discharged from the outlet end; the particles directly enter the magnetic separation box 29 under the guidance of the material guide hopper 28, so that the particles screened by the screening box 2 can directly enter the magnetic separation box 29 for further screening treatment, the particles entering the magnetic separation box 29 can be discharged to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box 29 along the trend under the action of the inclined slope surface in the magnetic separation box 29, and the particles can pass through the magnetic rod 30 in the process of moving along the slope surface, and metal impurities in the particles can be further improved through the magnetic treatment of the magnetic rod 30; when the particles are pushed out from the open end of the screening box 2, the particles directly enter the material guide hopper 28, then directly enter the magnetic separation box 29 under the guidance of the material guide hopper 28, automatically move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box 29 through the slope design without any other power action, and further absorb the impurities such as metal in the screened particles through the over-magnetization of the magnetic rods 30 in the moving process, so that the quality of the particles is further improved, and the quality of the products of the subsequent injection molding processing is improved;
C. winnowing screening: after the particles are magnetically sucked and screened, the particles are conveyed to a winnowing machine for further screening, finally, the qualified particles are used for injection molding, the magnetically sucked and screened particles are further screened, lighter impurities in the particles can be screened through a winnowing machine, the quality is further improved,
(5) Injection molding: the screened particles meeting the requirements are added into an injection molding machine, injection molding materials are obtained through injection molding, and the particles obtained after screening are qualified are subjected to injection molding processing, so that the actual quality can be effectively improved.
The biodegradable injection molding material has high degradation rate, simple production process, high production efficiency and low cost, adopts PBS material to replace PLA material, leads the obtained product to have better temperature resistance, better material toughness and more convenient actual processing, simultaneously strengthens the material by adding plant fiber material such as plant fiber and the like, screens the granulated particles in the actual processing process to screen qualified particles and remove unqualified particles, thereby improving the quality of the final product, effectively ensures the quality of the screened particles through multi-step screening operation during screening, ensures the operation automation of the whole screening process, does not need manual operation, has high screening efficiency and quality guarantee, is suitable for industrial operation, increases the vacuum degree of a main machine during the production and granulation process, sucks out small molecular substances, the migratable substances are reduced, and when the PBS material is selected, the PBS with better monomer residue is selected, so that the raw material treatment is further improved, and the final material quality is improved.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made on the basis of the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are all covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material is characterized in that: the injection molding material comprises the following components in parts by mass: PBS: 60-80 parts, talcum powder: 10-30 parts of coupling agent: 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc stearate: 0.5-1.5 parts of EBS: 0.5 to 1.5 portions.
2. The high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the talcum powder is food grade talcum powder.
3. The high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the components also comprise other auxiliary agents: 0.5 to 0.6 portion.
4. The high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the other auxiliary agents comprise an antioxidant and an anti-hydrolysis agent, and the mass part ratio of the antioxidant to the anti-hydrolysis agent is 1: 1.
5. The high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the components also comprise plant fibers: 5-20 parts.
6. The process for preparing the high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) premixing: weighing food-grade talcum powder and a coupling agent according to the mass ratio, adding the food-grade talcum powder and the coupling agent into a high-speed mixing pot, and stirring for 10 minutes;
(2) mechanical mixing: weighing PBS, zinc stearate, EBS, plant fiber, antioxidant and hydrolysis resistant agent according to the mass part ratio, adding the material mixed in the step (1), PBS, zinc stearate, EBS, plant fiber, antioxidant and hydrolysis resistant agent into a mixing pot, and mixing for 10 minutes;
(3) and (3) extruding and granulating: pouring the mixed material obtained in the step (2) into a parallel double-screw extruder, and performing extrusion granulation at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, wherein the vacuum degree of the parallel double-screw extruder is not less than 0.8Mpa, and the length-diameter ratio of the parallel double-screw extruder is (44:1) - (52: 1);
(4) and (3) particle screening:
a. filtering and screening:
firstly, screening extruded and granulated particles, conveying the particles into a screening box from a feed hopper through a feeding device, wherein the screening box is positioned on a supporting plate, a screen plate at the bottom of the screening box is just positioned in an open slot of the supporting plate, so that screen holes of the screen plate are completely positioned in the open slot, an open end of the screening box is just clamped in a limiting clamping frame, and the limiting clamping frame is abutted against a baffle at the open end of the limiting screening box, so that the baffle is tightly attached to and covers the open end of the screening box;
secondly, after the particles enter the screening box, starting a vibrator on the supporting plate, positioning the supporting plate on the supporting seat, fixedly connecting the supporting plate and the supporting seat through a spring, and enabling the supporting plate to vibrate and swing through the vibration of the vibrator and the spring, so that the screening box on the supporting plate synchronously swings;
b. magnetic attraction screening:
the lifting cylinders on two sides of the screening box are synchronously started, piston rods of the lifting cylinders extend to push the lifting sleeves to move upwards along the guide columns, meanwhile, limiting heads on the lifting sleeves are just matched and clamped in limiting sliding grooves of limiting frames on the corresponding side surfaces of the screening box, the two lifting sleeves are connected through a connecting rod, and the pushing cylinders arranged on the connecting rod are connected with the screening box, so that the limiting heads push the limiting frames and the pushing cylinders limit the screening box when the lifting sleeves move upwards, the screening box can synchronously move upwards along with the lifting sleeves until the lifting sleeves abut against limiting top plates at the top ends of the guide columns, and the opening ends of the screening box are completely separated from the limiting clamping frames;
secondly, starting the pushing cylinder, extending a piston rod of the pushing cylinder, pushing the screening box to move towards the magnetic separation box, driving the limiting frames on two sides to move synchronously during movement of the screening box, and always being limited by the limiting heads during movement of the limiting frames until the limiting heads abut against the limiting end parts of the limiting frames, so that the opening end of the screening box just moves into the material guide hopper;
the pushing cylinder is started, a piston rod of the pushing cylinder extends to push the pushing plate to move towards the outlet end of the screening box, two sides of the pushing plate are matched and clamped on guide rods on the inner side wall of the screening box through clamping grooves, the pushing plate slides along the guide rods during moving, when the pushing plate moves to touch the end parts of adjusting frames on the guide rods, the adjusting frames are fixedly connected with the baffle plates, limiting blocks corresponding to the guide rods are clamped in adjusting sliding grooves of the adjusting frames, the pushing plate can push the adjusting frames to synchronously move along the guide rods when touching the adjusting frames, the adjusting frames are always subjected to limiting guiding of the limiting blocks, the adjusting frames push the baffle plates to move at the same time, the opening end of the screening box is opened, and particles in the screening box are pushed out through the pushing plate;
the particles are pushed out and directly enter the material guide hopper, enter the magnetic separation box through the material guide hopper, gradually move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box along the inclined slope surface in the magnetic separation box, and finally move to the outlet end of the magnetic separation box through the magnetic treatment of the magnetic rod in the magnetic separation box in the moving process and are discharged from the outlet end;
(5) injection molding: and adding the screened particles meeting the requirements into an injection molding machine, and performing injection molding to obtain an injection molding material.
7. The processing technology of the high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (4), after the particles are magnetically sucked and screened, the particles are conveyed to a winnowing machine for further screening, and finally the particles which meet the screening requirements are used for injection molding.
8. The processing technology of the high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step a of the step (4), first magnetic sheets are arranged on two sides of a baffle at the opening end of the screening box, an extension plate is further arranged on the screening box, a second magnetic sheet is arranged on the extension plate, the baffle is correspondingly attached to the extension plate, and meanwhile the first magnetic sheets on the baffle are adsorbed to the second magnetic sheets on the extension plate.
9. The processing technology of the high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (4), the particles discharged from the sieve mesh directly enter the open slot, then enter a discharge hopper communicated with the open slot from the open slot, and are discharged into the collection box through an outlet of the discharge hopper.
10. The processing technology of the high-temperature-resistant biodegradable injection molding material according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (4) and the step b, an auxiliary support is arranged on the support plate, the height of the top surface of the auxiliary support is equal to the height of the bottom surface of the screening box after the screening box moves upwards, and when the pushing cylinder pushes the screening box to move towards the magnetic separation box, the end part of the screening box close to the magnetic separation box can move gradually and is supported on the auxiliary support.
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| CN101954353A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-01-26 | 江阴市鑫达药化机械制造有限公司 | Comprehensive colloidal particle screening device |
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Application publication date: 20220215 |