CN114044090B - Floating type water foundation - Google Patents
Floating type water foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114044090B CN114044090B CN202111552719.2A CN202111552719A CN114044090B CN 114044090 B CN114044090 B CN 114044090B CN 202111552719 A CN202111552719 A CN 202111552719A CN 114044090 B CN114044090 B CN 114044090B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a floating type water foundation, which belongs to the technical field of building water foundations, and comprises a foundation body floating in water, wherein the foundation body comprises upright posts and anchor bodies sleeved on the peripheries of the upright posts; the anchor body is provided with azimuth anchor points which are connected to the anchor arranged on the seabed through azimuth anchor cables, and the number of the azimuth anchor cables is at least two; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the azimuth anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables do not pass through the axis of the upright post, and the moment of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables to the axis of the upright post is directed in two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body around the axis of the upright post; and a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body in water is also connected between the foundation body and the anchorage. The floating type water foundation is simple in structure, not easy to rotate and incline, good in stability and not easy to topple, and is suitable for being used as a foundation of equipment and facilities such as offshore wind power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water foundations of structures, and particularly relates to a floating water foundation.
Background
The foundation of the traditional offshore wind power equipment adopts a pile foundation or pile foundation jacket structure, and the water depth which can be adapted to the foundation has larger limitation. Meanwhile, the offshore wind power equipment is usually a one-machine foundation, and in the mode, the offshore wind power equipment is limited by the production scale and cannot be used as the offshore wind power equipment foundation by the existing large offshore platform.
Currently, there are floating foundations used as offshore wind power plant foundations, such as: patent CN105438411a discloses a towable offshore wind spar floating foundation, patent CN106759454a discloses a fully submersible split type fan foundation, however, these floating foundations for offshore wind plants are simply fixed to the sea bottom by mooring lines, the floating foundations are easy to rotate or incline, the stability is poor, and there is a risk of capsizing. Therefore, how to provide a water foundation with good stability and difficult overturning, which is used as the foundation of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like, is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a floating type water foundation, which has the advantages of simple structure, difficult rotation, difficult inclination, good stability and difficult overturning, and is suitable for being used as a foundation of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like.
The invention provides a floating type water foundation, which comprises a foundation body floating in water, wherein the foundation body comprises an upright post and an anchor body sleeved on the periphery of the upright post; the anchor body is provided with azimuth anchor points which are connected to the anchor arranged on the seabed through azimuth anchor cables, and the number of the azimuth anchor cables is at least two; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the azimuth anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables do not pass through the axis of the upright post, and the moment of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables to the axis of the upright post is directed in two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body around the axis of the upright post; and a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body in water is also connected between the foundation body and the anchorage.
In some of these embodiments, the posts and/or anchors are hollow structures to float the foundation body in the water.
In some of these embodiments, the anchor is submerged below the water surface.
In some of these embodiments, the length of the portion of the post above the anchor is less than the length of the portion of the post below the anchor.
In some of these embodiments, the anchor is annular and is fixedly attached to the outer periphery of the post.
In some of these embodiments, the foundation body further includes a buoyancy tank sleeved on the periphery of the upright, the buoyancy tank is located above the anchor body, and the buoyancy tank is of a hollow structure so that the foundation body floats in water.
In some of these embodiments, both the anchor and buoyancy tanks are submerged below the water surface.
In some of these embodiments, the length of the portion of the column above the pontoon is less than the length of the portion of the column below the pontoon.
In some embodiments, the anchor body and/or the buoyancy tank are annular, and the annular anchor body and/or the annular buoyancy tank are fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright post.
In some embodiments, the part of the upright post close to the upper end is provided with an upper anchor point, the fixed anchor cable comprises at least three upper anchor cables, and the upper anchor point is connected to the anchorage through the upper anchor cables; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the upper anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the upper anchor cable, at least three upper anchor cables exist, and the connecting points of any two upper anchor cables and the anchorage are distributed at the two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable.
In some of these embodiments, the upper anchor point is located above the centroid of the base body.
In some embodiments, a lower anchor point is arranged at a part of the upright post, which is close to the lower end, and the fixed anchor cable comprises at least three lower anchor cables, and the lower anchor point is connected to the anchor through the lower anchor cables; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the lower anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable, at least three lower anchor cables exist, and the connecting points of any two lower anchor cables and the anchorage are distributed at the two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable.
In some of these embodiments, the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the base body and the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the portion of the base body below the water surface.
Based on the technical scheme, the floating type water foundation provided by the invention has the advantages that the foundation body floats in water, the upright posts in the foundation body are used as the foundation, the foundation body is fixed in water through the cooperation of the anchor body, the azimuth anchor cable, the fixed anchor cable and the anchorage, the structure is simple, the rotation and the inclination are not easy, the stability is good, the overturning is not easy, and the floating type water foundation is suitable for being used as the foundation of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a floating water foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water foundation according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water foundation according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water foundation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water foundation according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water foundation according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water foundation according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a floating water foundation according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a floating water foundation according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a base body; 11. a column; 12. an anchor body; 13. a buoyancy tank; 2. anchoring; 21. a first anchorage; 22. the second anchorage; 3. azimuth anchor lines; 4. an upper anchor cable; 5. and (5) lowering the anchor cable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a floating type water foundation, which comprises a foundation body 1 floating in water, wherein the foundation body 1 comprises a stand column 11 and an anchor body 12 sleeved on the periphery of the stand column 11; three azimuth anchor points are arranged on the anchor body 12, and each azimuth anchor point is connected to an anchor 2 arranged on the sea floor through an azimuth anchor cable 3; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the two end points of the azimuth anchor cable 3 is used as the azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable 3, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables 3 do not pass through the axis of the upright post 11, and the moment of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables 3 to the axis of the upright post 11 points to two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body 1 around the axis of the upright post 11; and a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body 1 in water is also connected between the foundation body 1 and the anchorage 2. In this embodiment, the base body 1 is semi-submerged, and the anchor body 12 is submerged below the water surface. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the anchorage 2 is disposed on the sea floor, and may be in the form of anchors, blocks, suction anchors, piles, suction piles, etc., and the anchorage 2 is divided into a first anchorage 21 for connecting the azimuth anchor cable 3 and a second anchorage 22 for connecting the fixed anchor cable. Further, in the present embodiment, the two opposite directions refer to a clockwise rotation direction and a counterclockwise rotation direction with respect to the axis of the column 11.
The floating type water foundation is characterized in that a foundation body 1 floats in water, an upright post 11 in the foundation body 1 is used as a foundation, and the foundation body 1 is fixed in the water through the cooperation of an anchor body 12, an azimuth anchor cable 3, a fixed anchor cable and an anchorage 2. Specific: when the foundation body 1 floats in water, the fixed anchor cable and the azimuth anchor cable 3 are tensioned through the difference between the buoyancy of the foundation body 1 and the gravity (residual buoyancy for short), the buoyancy of the foundation body 1, the gravity and the tension of the fixed anchor cable and the azimuth anchor cable 3 jointly form a space force system, the space position and the posture of the foundation body 1 are fixed, the external acting force exerted on the foundation body 1 is resisted, and the stability of the foundation body 1 is realized; meanwhile, the azimuth anchor points arranged on the anchor body 12 are separated from the axis of the upright post 11 by a certain distance to form a moment arm, moment around the axis of the upright post 11 is formed by the moment arm and the horizontal component force of the tension of the azimuth anchor cables 3, and the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables 3 points to two opposite directions on the moment of the axis of the upright post 11 through the specific configuration of the azimuth anchor cables 3, so that the restriction of the rotation movement of the foundation body 1 is realized. In a word, this showy formula water foundation, simple structure, and be difficult for rotatory, be difficult for the slope, stability is good, be difficult for toppling, is suitable for as the basis of equipment facilities such as marine wind-powered electricity generation.
For the fixed anchor cable, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the part of the upright 11 near the upper end is provided with an upper anchor point, the fixed anchor cable is specifically an upper anchor cable 4, the upper anchor point is connected to the anchorage 2 through the upper anchor cable 4, and the number of the upper anchor cables 4 is at least three; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the two end points of the upper anchor cable 4 is used as the azimuth plane of the upper anchor cable 4, at least three upper anchor cables 4 exist, and the connecting points of any two upper anchor cables 4 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable 4. The upper anchor cables 4 are arranged to have at least three upper anchor cables 4, wherein the connection points of any two upper anchor cables 4 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable 4, so that horizontal component forces with at least three different azimuth, non-parallel action lines and non-coincident action lines can be provided, and the stability of the foundation body 1 is improved. Preferably, the upper anchor point is located above the centroid of the base body 1.
In order for the foundation body 1 to have sufficient buoyancy to be stable in water, it is preferable that the columns 11 and the anchors 12 have a hollow structure to float the foundation body 1 in water. It will be appreciated that if the volume of the post 11 or anchor 12 is sufficiently large, it is also possible to provide only the post 11 or only the anchor 12 as a hollow structure.
Further, in order to improve the stability of the foundation body 1 against overturning, it is preferable that the length of the portion of the column 11 above the anchor body 12 is smaller than the length of the portion of the column 11 below the anchor body 12. The longer the length of the lower end of the upright post 11 extending out of the anchor body 12, the larger the restoring moment generated by the weight of the lower end of the upright post 11 is, the stronger the damping action of the water body on the movement of the upright post 11 is, and the length of the upper end of the upright post 11 extending out of the anchor body 12 forms a moment arm, and the moment arm and the external force applied to the end form a overturning moment together, so that the length of the upper end extending out of the anchor body 12 is reduced as much as possible under the condition of meeting the water outlet height of the end, and the length of the part of the upright post 11 above the anchor body 12 is set to be smaller than the length of the part of the upright post 11 below the anchor body 12, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of the foundation body 1 and reducing the movement amplitude of the foundation body 1 under the action of the external force.
In addition, in order to improve stability of the base body 1 and to prevent the base body 1 from rotating, it is preferable that a plurality of azimuth anchor points are circumferentially distributed around the outer periphery of the anchor body 12. In this embodiment, three azimuth anchor points are specifically set, and the three azimuth anchor points are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the anchor body 12.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: in the embodiment, an upper anchor point is not arranged, the fixed anchor cable is specifically a lower anchor cable 5, a lower anchor point is arranged at a part of the upright post 11 close to the lower end, the lower anchor point is connected to the anchor 2 through the lower anchor cable 5, and the number of the lower anchor cables 5 is at least three; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the two end points of the lower anchor cable 5 is located is used as the azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable 5, at least three lower anchor cables 5 exist, and the connecting points of any two lower anchor cables 5 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable 5. The lower anchor cables 5 are arranged so that at least three lower anchor cables 5 exist, the connection points of any two lower anchor cables 5 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable 5, and horizontal component forces with at least three different azimuth, non-parallel action lines and non-coincident action lines can be provided, so that the stability of the foundation body 1 is improved. Preferably, the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the foundation body 1, and the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the portion of the foundation body 1 below the water surface.
Example III
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: on the basis of the first embodiment, a lower anchor point is further additionally arranged at a part, close to the lower end, of the upright post 11, and the fixed anchor cable further comprises lower anchor cables 5, wherein the lower anchor points are connected to the anchor 2 through the lower anchor cables 5, and the number of the lower anchor cables 5 is at least three; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the two end points of the lower anchor cable 5 is located is used as the azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable 5, at least three lower anchor cables 5 exist, and the connecting points of any two lower anchor cables 5 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable 5.
Example IV
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that: in this embodiment, two azimuth anchor points are set, and the two azimuth anchor points are connected to one anchorage 2 through one azimuth anchor cable 3 respectively. Meanwhile, in order to further improve the stability of the foundation body 1, in this embodiment, the anchor body 12 is ring-shaped, and the anchor body 12 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the upright 11. For the anchor body 12 with the same drainage volume, the middle part is provided with a larger horizontal cross-section area moment of inertia and stronger water damping effect when the middle part is provided with a middle hole, so that the stability of the foundation body 1 can be improved by making the anchor body 12 into a ring shape (which can be a circular ring shape or a polygonal ring shape), and the movement amplitude of the foundation body 1 under the action of external force can be reduced.
Example five
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the azimuth anchor points are only one, and the azimuth anchor points are connected to the two anchors 2 through the two azimuth anchor cables 3.
Example six
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the foundation body 1 further comprises a buoyancy tank 13 sleeved on the periphery of the upright post 11, the buoyancy tank 13 is located above the anchor body 12, and the buoyancy tank 13 is of a hollow structure so that the foundation body 1 floats in water. In this embodiment, buoyancy is provided by the buoyancy tank 13, which is more beneficial to improving the stability of the foundation body 1. In this embodiment, the foundation body 1 is semi-submerged, and the anchor body 12 and the buoyancy tank 13 are submerged below the water surface.
Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the length of the portion of the upright 11 above the pontoon 13 is smaller than the length of the portion of the upright 11 below the pontoon 13. Similar to the first embodiment, the length of the portion of the upright 11 above the buoyancy tank 13 is set smaller than the length of the portion of the upright 11 below the buoyancy tank 13, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the foundation body 1 and reducing the movement amplitude of the foundation body 1 under the action of external force.
It will be appreciated that with reference to the fourth embodiment, the anchor body 12 and/or buoyancy tank 13 may be provided in the form of a ring.
Example seven
Similar to the sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a buoyancy tank 13 is added to the second embodiment.
Example eight
Similar to the sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, a buoyancy tank 13 is added to the third embodiment.
Example nine
As shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment differs from the eighth embodiment in that: in this embodiment, two azimuth anchor points are set, and the two azimuth anchor points are connected to one anchorage 2 through one azimuth anchor cable 3 respectively.
Examples ten
As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment differs from the eighth embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the azimuth anchor points are only one, and the azimuth anchor points are connected to the two anchors 2 through the two azimuth anchor cables 3.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The floating type water foundation is characterized by comprising a foundation body floating in water, wherein the foundation body comprises an upright post and an anchor body sleeved on the periphery of the upright post; the anchor body is provided with azimuth anchor points, the azimuth anchor points are connected to the anchor arranged on the sea floor through azimuth anchor cables, and the number of the azimuth anchor cables is at least two; the vertical plane where the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the azimuth anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables do not pass through the axis of the upright post, and the moment of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables to the axis of the upright post is directed in two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body around the axis of the upright post; a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body in water is also connected between the foundation body and the anchorage;
the anchor body is submerged below the water surface, and the length of the part of the upright post above the anchor body is smaller than that of the part of the upright post below the anchor body;
an upper anchor point is arranged at the part of the upright post, which is close to the upper end, and the fixed anchor cable comprises at least three upper anchor cables, and the upper anchor point is connected to the anchorage through the upper anchor cables; taking a vertical plane where a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the upper anchor cable is positioned as an azimuth plane of the upper anchor cable, wherein at least three upper anchor cables exist, and connecting points of any two upper anchor cables and an anchorage are distributed at two sides of the azimuth plane of a third upper anchor cable; the upper anchor point is positioned above the mass center of the basic body;
the part of the upright post, which is close to the lower end, is provided with a lower anchor point, the fixed anchor cable comprises at least three lower anchor cables, and the lower anchor point is connected to the anchorage through the lower anchor cables; taking a vertical plane where a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the lower anchor cable is positioned as an azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable, wherein at least three lower anchor cables exist, and connecting points of any two lower anchor cables and an anchorage are distributed at two sides of the azimuth plane of a third lower anchor cable; the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the foundation body, and the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the portion of the foundation body below the water surface.
2. The floating water foundation of claim 1 wherein said posts and/or anchors are hollow structures to float said foundation body in water.
3. The floating water foundation of claim 2 wherein said anchor is annular and is fixedly attached to said post periphery.
4. The floating water foundation of claim 1 wherein said foundation body further comprises a buoyancy tank disposed around said post, said buoyancy tank being disposed above said anchor, said buoyancy tank being of hollow construction to allow said foundation body to float in water.
5. The floating water foundation of claim 4 wherein said anchor and buoyancy tank are submerged below the water surface.
6. The floating water foundation of claim 5 wherein the length of the portion of the column above the pontoon is less than the length of the portion of the column below the pontoon.
7. The floating water foundation according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the anchor body and/or the buoyancy tank is ring-shaped, and the anchor body and/or the buoyancy tank which are ring-shaped are fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright post.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111552719.2A CN114044090B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Floating type water foundation |
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| CN202111552719.2A CN114044090B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Floating type water foundation |
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| CN114044090A CN114044090A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
| CN114044090B true CN114044090B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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