CN114044090A - Floating type water foundation - Google Patents
Floating type water foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114044090A CN114044090A CN202111552719.2A CN202111552719A CN114044090A CN 114044090 A CN114044090 A CN 114044090A CN 202111552719 A CN202111552719 A CN 202111552719A CN 114044090 A CN114044090 A CN 114044090A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a floating type water foundation, belonging to the technical field of water foundations of structures, and the floating type water foundation comprises a foundation body floating in water, wherein the foundation body comprises upright posts and anchor bodies sleeved on the peripheries of the upright posts; the anchor body is provided with azimuth anchor points which are connected to anchor anchors arranged on the seabed through azimuth anchor cables, and the number of the azimuth anchor cables is at least two; the vertical plane of a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the azimuth anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables do not pass through the axis of the upright post, and the moments of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables to the axis of the upright post point to two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body around the axis of the upright post; and a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body in water is also connected between the foundation body and the anchor. The floating type water foundation is simple in structure, not easy to rotate and tilt, good in stability and not easy to overturn, and is suitable for serving as a foundation of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water foundations of structures, and particularly relates to a floating type water foundation.
Background
The foundation of the traditional offshore wind power equipment adopts a pile foundation or pile foundation jacket structure, and the adaptable water depth has larger limitation. Meanwhile, offshore wind power equipment is usually a foundation, and in such a mode, the production scale is limited, and the existing large-scale offshore platform cannot be used as the foundation of the offshore wind power equipment.
At present, floating foundations are used as foundations for offshore wind power plants, for example: patent CN105438411A discloses a marine wind power spar floating foundation that can tow a boat, and patent CN106759454A discloses a full dive disconnect-type fan basis, however, these floating foundations that marine wind power equipment used all adopt mooring cable simply to be fixed in the seabed, and the floating foundation easily rotates or the slope, and poor stability exists the risk of toppling. Therefore, how to provide a water foundation with good stability and difficult overturning as a foundation for equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a floating type water foundation which is simple in structure, not easy to rotate and tilt, good in stability and not easy to overturn, and is suitable for serving as a foundation of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like.
The invention provides a floating type water foundation which comprises a foundation body floating in water, wherein the foundation body comprises an upright post and an anchor body sleeved on the periphery of the upright post; the anchor body is provided with azimuth anchor points which are connected to anchor anchors arranged on the seabed through azimuth anchor cables, and the number of the azimuth anchor cables is at least two; the vertical plane of a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the azimuth anchor cable is used as the azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables do not pass through the axis of the upright post, and the moments of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables to the axis of the upright post point to two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body around the axis of the upright post; and a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body in water is also connected between the foundation body and the anchor.
In some of these embodiments, the columns and/or anchors are hollow structures to allow the foundation body to float in the water.
In some of these embodiments, the anchor body is submerged below the surface of the water.
In some of these embodiments, the length of the portion of the post above the anchor is less than the length of the portion of the post below the anchor.
In some embodiments, the anchor body is annular and is fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright post.
In some embodiments, the foundation body further includes a buoyancy tank sleeved on the periphery of the upright column, the buoyancy tank is located above the anchor body, and the buoyancy tank is of a hollow structure so that the foundation body floats in water.
In some of these embodiments, both the anchor body and the buoyancy tank are submerged below the surface of the water.
In some of these embodiments, the portion of the column above the pontoon has a length that is less than the portion of the column below the pontoon.
In some embodiments, the anchor body and/or the buoyancy tank are annular, and the annular anchor body and/or the annular buoyancy tank are fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright post.
In some embodiments, the part of the upright column close to the upper end is provided with an upper anchor point, the fixed anchor cable comprises at least three upper anchor cables, and the upper anchor point is connected to the anchorage through the upper anchor cables; the vertical plane of the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the anchor cables is used as the azimuth plane of the upper anchor cable, at least three upper anchor cables exist, and the connecting points of any two upper anchor cables and the anchor are distributed on the two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable.
In some of these embodiments, the upper anchor point is located above the centroid of the base body.
In some embodiments, the part of the upright column close to the lower end is provided with a lower anchor point, the fixed anchor cable comprises at least three lower anchor cables, and the lower anchor point is connected to the anchorage through the lower anchor cables; the vertical plane of the connecting line between the connecting points at the two ends of the lower anchor cable is taken as the azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable, at least three lower anchor cables exist, and the connecting points of any two lower anchor cables and the anchor are distributed on the two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable.
In some of these embodiments, the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the foundation body and the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the portion of the foundation body located below the water surface.
Based on the technical scheme, the floating type water foundation provided by the invention has the advantages that the foundation body floats in water, the stand columns in the foundation body are used as the foundation, the foundation body is fixed in the water through the cooperation of the anchor body, the azimuth anchor cable, the fixed anchor cable and the anchorage, the structure is simple, the floating type water foundation is not easy to rotate and tilt, the stability is good, the floating type water foundation is not easy to topple, and the floating type water foundation is suitable for serving as the foundation of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a floating type water foundation provided by the ninth embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a floating water foundation according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a base body; 11. a column; 12. an anchor body; 13. a buoyancy tank; 2. anchorage; 21. a first anchorage; 22. a second anchorage; 3. an azimuth anchor line; 4. an anchor cable is arranged; 5. and (6) lowering an anchor cable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a floating type water foundation, which includes a foundation body 1 floating in water, wherein the foundation body 1 includes an upright post 11 and an anchor body 12 sleeved on the periphery of the upright post 11; the anchor body 12 is provided with three azimuth anchor points, and each azimuth anchor point is connected to an anchor 2 arranged on the sea bottom through an azimuth anchor cable 3; a vertical plane where a connecting line between two end points of the azimuth anchor cable 3 is located is used as an azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable 3, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables 3 do not pass through the axis of the upright post 11, and the moments of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables 3 to the axis of the upright post 11 point to two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the foundation body 1 around the axis of the upright post 11; a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body 1 in the water is also connected between the foundation body 1 and the anchorage 2. In this embodiment, the foundation body 1 is semi-submersible, and the anchor body 12 thereof is submerged below the water surface. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the anchor 2 is disposed on the sea floor, and may adopt the form of an anchor, a block, a suction anchor, a pile, a suction pile, and the like, and the anchor 2 is divided into a first anchor 21 for connecting the azimuth anchor cable 3, and a second anchor 22 for connecting the fixed anchor cable. In addition, in the present embodiment, the two opposite directions refer to a clockwise rotation direction and a counterclockwise rotation direction with respect to the axis of the column 11.
Above-mentioned floating formula basis on water, its basis body 1 floats in the aquatic, takes stand 11 in the basis body 1 as the basis, realizes the fixed of basis body 1 in the aquatic through the cooperation of anchor body 12, position anchor cable 3, fixed anchor cable and anchorage 2. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the foundation body 1 floats in water, the fixed anchor cable and the azimuth anchor cable 3 are tensioned through the difference (called residual buoyancy for short) between the buoyancy and the gravity of the foundation body 1, the buoyancy and the gravity of the foundation body 1 and the tension of the fixed anchor cable and the azimuth anchor cable 3 jointly form a space force system, the space position and the posture of the foundation body 1 are fixed, the external acting force applied to the foundation body 1 is resisted, and the stability of the foundation body 1 is realized; meanwhile, the azimuth anchor points arranged on the anchor body 12 are away from the axis of the upright post 11 by a certain distance to form force arms, the force arms and the horizontal component of the tension of the azimuth anchor cables 3 jointly form moment around the axis of the upright post 11, and the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables 3 points to two opposite directions to the moment of the axis of the upright post 11 through the specific configuration of the azimuth anchor cables 3, so that the limitation on the rotary motion of the foundation body 1 is realized. In a word, this showy formula basis on water, simple structure, and difficult rotation, difficult slope, stability is good, difficult toppling, is suitable for as the basis of equipment facilities such as offshore wind power.
For the fixed anchor cables, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the portion of the upright post 11 near the upper end is provided with upper anchor points, the fixed anchor cables are specifically upper anchor cables 4, the upper anchor points are connected to the anchorage 2 through the upper anchor cables 4, and the number of the upper anchor cables 4 is at least three; the vertical plane of the connecting line between the two end points of the upper anchor cable 4 is used as the azimuth plane of the upper anchor cable 4, at least three upper anchor cables 4 are arranged, and the connecting points of any two upper anchor cables 4 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable 4. The upper anchor cables 4 are arranged to be at least three upper anchor cables 4, connecting points of any two upper anchor cables 4 and the anchor 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable 4, and at least three horizontal component forces which are different in azimuth, have action lines which are not parallel to each other and are not overlapped with each other can be provided, so that the stability of the foundation body 1 is improved. Preferably, the upper anchor point is located above the centroid of the basic body 1.
In order to make the foundation body 1 have sufficient buoyancy to be stable in water, it is preferable that the columns 11 and the anchor bodies 12 have a hollow structure so that the foundation body 1 floats in water. It will be appreciated that if the column 11 or the anchor body 12 is sufficiently bulky, it is also possible to provide only the column 11 or only the anchor body 12 as a hollow structure.
Further, in order to improve the stability of the foundation body 1 and prevent overturning, it is preferable that the length of the portion of the upright 11 located above the anchor body 12 is smaller than the length of the portion of the upright 11 located below the anchor body 12. The length that stand 11 lower extreme stretches out outside anchor 12 is longer, the recovery moment that stand 11 lower extreme weight produced is bigger during the slope, the damping effect of water to the stand 11 motion is stronger, and the length that stand 11 upper end stretches out anchor 12 constitutes the arm of force, form the overturning moment to the combination body with the external force that this end receives jointly, consequently, should reduce the length that the upper end stretches out outside anchor 12 under the condition that satisfies tip height of going out water as far as possible, set up the length that stand 11 is located the part of anchor 12 top into being less than the length that stand 11 is located the part of anchor 12 below, be favorable to improving the stability of basic body 1, reduce the range of motion of basic body 1 under the external force effect.
In addition, in order to improve the stability of the foundation body 1 and avoid the rotation of the foundation body 1, it is preferable that a plurality of azimuth anchor points are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the anchor body 12. In this embodiment, three azimuth anchor points are specifically set, and the three azimuth anchor points are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the anchor body 12.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: in the embodiment, no upper anchor point is arranged, the fixed anchor cable is specifically a lower anchor cable 5, the part of the upright post 11 close to the lower end is provided with the lower anchor points, the lower anchor points are connected to the anchorage 2 through the lower anchor cables 5, and the number of the lower anchor cables 5 is at least three; the vertical plane of the connecting line between the two end points of the lower anchor cable 5 is used as the azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable 5, at least three lower anchor cables 5 exist, and the connecting points of any two lower anchor cables 5 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on the two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable 5. The lower anchor cables 5 are arranged to be at least three lower anchor cables 5, connecting points of any two lower anchor cables 5 and the anchor 2 are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable 5, and at least three horizontal component forces which are different in azimuth, have action lines which are not parallel to each other and are not overlapped with each other can be provided, so that the stability of the foundation body 1 is improved. Preferably, the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the foundation body 1, and the lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the part of the foundation body 1 located below the water surface.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: in this embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, lower anchor points are further added to the part of the upright post 11 near the lower end, the fixed anchor cable further includes lower anchor cables 5, the lower anchor points are connected to the anchorage 2 through the lower anchor cables 5, and the number of the lower anchor cables 5 is at least three; the vertical plane of the connecting line between the two end points of the lower anchor cable 5 is used as the azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable 5, at least three lower anchor cables 5 exist, and the connecting points of any two lower anchor cables 5 and the anchorage 2 are distributed on the two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable 5.
Example four
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that: in this embodiment, two azimuth anchor points are set, and the two azimuth anchor points are connected to one anchor 2 through one azimuth anchor cable 3, respectively. Meanwhile, in order to further improve the stability of the foundation body 1, in this embodiment, the anchor body 12 is annular, and the anchor body 12 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright post 11. For the anchor body 12 with the same drainage volume, when the middle hole is formed in the middle part, the anchor body has larger horizontal section area inertia moment and stronger water body damping effect, so that the stability of the foundation body 1 can be improved by manufacturing the anchor body 12 into a ring shape (which can be a circular ring shape or a polygonal ring shape), and the motion amplitude of the foundation body 1 under the action of external force is reduced.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that: in this embodiment, only one azimuth anchor point is provided, and the azimuth anchor point is connected to the two anchors 2 through the two azimuth anchor cables 3.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the foundation body 1 further comprises a buoyancy tank 13 sleeved on the periphery of the upright post 11, the buoyancy tank 13 is located above the anchor body 12, and the buoyancy tank 13 is of a hollow structure so that the foundation body 1 floats in water. In this embodiment, buoyancy is provided through buoyancy tank 13 that sets up, more is favorable to improving the stability of basic body 1. In the present embodiment, the foundation body 1 is semi-submersible, and both the anchor body 12 and the buoyancy tank 13 are submerged below the water surface.
Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the length of the portion of the column 11 above the buoyancy tank 13 is smaller than the length of the portion of the column 11 below the buoyancy tank 13. Similar to the first embodiment, the length of the part of the upright post 11 above the buoyancy tank 13 is set to be smaller than the length of the part of the upright post 11 below the buoyancy tank 13, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the foundation body 1 and reducing the motion amplitude of the foundation body 1 under the action of external force.
It will be appreciated that with reference to the fourth embodiment, anchor body 12 and/or buoyancy tank 13 may be provided in the form of a ring.
EXAMPLE seven
Similar to the sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the buoyancy tank 13 is added to the second embodiment.
Example eight
Similar to the sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the buoyancy tank 13 is added to the third embodiment.
Example nine
As shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in that: in this embodiment, two azimuth anchor points are set, and the two azimuth anchor points are connected to one anchor 2 through one azimuth anchor cable 3, respectively.
Example ten
As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in that: in this embodiment, only one azimuth anchor point is provided, and the azimuth anchor point is connected to the two anchors 2 through the two azimuth anchor cables 3.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. The floating type water foundation is characterized by comprising a foundation body floating in water, wherein the foundation body comprises an upright post and an anchor body sleeved on the periphery of the upright post; the anchor body is provided with azimuth anchor points which are connected to anchors arranged on the sea floor through azimuth anchor cables, and the number of the azimuth anchor cables is at least two; a vertical plane on which a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the azimuth anchor cable is located is used as an azimuth plane of the azimuth anchor cable, the azimuth planes of at least two azimuth anchor cables do not pass through the axis of the upright column, and the moments of the tension of at least two azimuth anchor cables to the axis of the upright column point to two opposite directions so as to limit the rotation of the base body around the axis of the upright column; and a fixed anchor cable for fixing the position of the foundation body in water is also connected between the foundation body and the anchorage.
2. A floating marine foundation according to claim 1 wherein said columns and/or said anchors are hollow to allow said foundation body to float in the water.
3. A floating marine foundation according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said anchor bodies are submerged below the surface of the water.
4. A floating marine foundation according to claim 3 wherein the length of the portion of said uprights above said anchor body is less than the length of the portion of said uprights below said anchor body.
5. A floating marine foundation according to any one of claims 2 to 4 wherein said anchor body is annular and is fixedly attached to the periphery of said upright.
6. A floating water foundation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the foundation body further includes a buoyancy tank mounted around the perimeter of the post, the buoyancy tank being located above the anchor body, the buoyancy tank being of a hollow construction to allow the foundation body to float in the water.
7. A floating marine foundation as claimed in claim 6 wherein the anchor body and buoyancy tank are submerged below the surface of the water.
8. A floating marine foundation as claimed in claim 7 wherein the portion of the columns above the pontoon has a length less than the portion of the columns below the pontoon.
9. A floating marine foundation according to any one of claims 6 to 8 wherein said anchor bodies and/or said pontoons are ring-shaped, said ring-shaped anchor bodies and/or said ring-shaped pontoons being fixedly attached to the periphery of said columns.
10. A floating water foundation as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 6 wherein the upright posts are provided with upper anchor points adjacent the upper ends thereof, the anchor lines comprise at least three upper anchor lines, and the upper anchor points are connected to the tiebacks by the upper anchor lines; and a vertical plane on which a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the upper anchor cable is positioned is used as an azimuth plane of the upper anchor cable, at least three upper anchor cables are arranged, and connecting points of any two upper anchor cables and the anchor are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third upper anchor cable.
11. A floating marine foundation according to claim 10 wherein said upper anchor point is located above the centre of mass of said foundation body.
12. A floating underwater foundation as claimed in claim 1 or 10 wherein the lower end of the upright posts is provided with a lower anchor point, the anchor lines comprise at least three lower anchor lines, and the lower anchor points are connected to the tiebacks by the lower anchor lines; and taking a vertical plane where a connecting line between connecting points at two ends of the lower anchor cable is positioned as an azimuth plane of the lower anchor cable, wherein at least three lower anchor cables exist, and connecting points of any two lower anchor cables and the anchor are distributed on two sides of the azimuth plane of the third lower anchor cable.
13. A floating marine foundation according to claim 12 wherein said lower anchor point is located below the centroid of the foundation body and below the centroid of the portion of the foundation body below the water surface.
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| CN202111552719.2A CN114044090B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Floating type water foundation |
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| CN202111552719.2A CN114044090B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Floating type water foundation |
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| CN114044090B CN114044090B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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