CN114043105A - Laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic regulation system for laser welding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser beam-combination coaxial detection and automatic regulation system for a laser welding device, which relates to the technical field of composite welding heads and comprises a base body, wherein the top of the base body is fixedly provided with a first QBH (boron-hydrogen) component, the top of the base body is fixedly provided with a CCD (charge coupled device) component, the bottom of the base body is connected with a first swing motor component in a sliding manner, one side of the base body is connected with a second swing motor component in a sliding manner Slow speed, poor quality and the like.

Description

Laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic regulation system for laser welding device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of composite welding joints, in particular to a laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for a laser welding device.

Background

The proportion of laser welding in the welding industry is getting bigger and bigger, and the material of its welding is also diversified, and laser welding head is one of the main component parts of laser welding equipment, but at present the soldered connection mostly is single laser welding, is easily restricted by welding material, such as high reflective material such as copper, aluminium, and the welding easily appears the bad phenomenon such as gas pocket, crack, influences welding quality.

At present, the market also has a part of composite laser welding heads, but most of the composite laser welding heads are single to enable two kinds of lasers to be compositely welded, whether two laser beams are coaxial or not is not detected, whether the positions of two welding points are welded at expected positions or not is detected, and the welding effect is difficult to achieve; the laser welding head directly reflects through the fixed lens or one laser beam swings through the single motor to reflect and compound light, so that the efficiency is low for irregular welding or large-gap processing of workpieces, and the welding quality requirement is difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a composite laser welding head, which solves the problem that the existing market has part of composite laser welding heads, but most of the composite laser welding heads are single to weld two lasers in a composite way, whether two beams of lasers are coaxial or not is not detected, whether the positions of two welding spots are welded at expected positions or not is detected, and the welding effect is difficult to achieve; the laser welding head directly reflects through the fixed lens or one laser beam is reflected through the swing of the single motor to be compounded to emit light, so that the efficiency is low for irregular welding or large-gap processing of workpieces, and the technical problem that the welding quality requirement is difficult to meet is solved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for a laser welding device, which comprises a base body, wherein the top of the base body is fixedly provided with a first QBH (charge coupled device), the top of the base body is fixedly provided with a CCD (charge coupled device) assembly, the bottom of the base body is slidably connected with a first swing motor assembly, one side of the base body is slidably connected with a second swing motor assembly, the top of the base body is fixedly provided with a second QBH (Quadrature adjustment mechanism), the base body is provided with a position adjustment assembly, the position adjustment assembly comprises an installation plate welded on the base body, the installation plate is fixedly connected with a connection motor, the connection motor is in transmission connection with a screw rod, the screw rod is in threaded connection with a nut, one side of the nut is fixedly connected with a fixed seat, and the fixed seat is fixedly connected with a lens, one side fixedly connected with slider.

Preferably, the bottom of the base body is fixedly connected with a mirror base moving module, and the first swing motor assembly is connected with the mirror base moving module in a sliding manner.

Preferably, the first swing motor assembly comprises a transverse motor and a galvanometer h, and the transverse motor is in transmission connection with the galvanometer h.

Preferably, the bottom of the mirror base moving module is fixedly connected with a first drawer type protective mirror assembly, the bottom of the mirror base moving module is fixedly connected with a focusing mirror installation module, and the bottom of the first drawer type protective mirror assembly is fixedly provided with a second drawer type protective mirror assembly.

Preferably, the bottom of the first QBH is fixedly connected with a first fixing module, and the first fixing module is fixedly connected with the base body.

Preferably, the second swing motor assembly comprises a longitudinal motor and a galvanometer g, and the longitudinal motor is in transmission connection with the galvanometer g.

Preferably, a movable lens holder assembly is fixedly and slidably arranged on one side of the base body, and the movable lens holder assembly is fixedly connected with the second swing motor assembly.

Preferably, one side of the second QBH is fixedly connected with a second fixing module, and the second fixing module is fixedly connected with the CCD assembly.

The fiber laser output head is accessed from a second QBH, after incident laser vertically passes through a fiber laser collimating mirror i, the incident laser is reflected to a vibrating mirror in a second swing motor component through a vibrating mirror h in a first swing motor component, the initial angles of the vibrating mirrors are both 45 degrees, at the moment, the laser beam is reflected to a 45-degree beam combining mirror on a movable mirror base component through a vibrating mirror g, and then is reflected to a beam combining focusing mirror through the beam combining focusing mirror and then is focused to emit light onto a workpiece; the blue laser output head is accessed from a first QBH, after incident laser vertically passes through a blue laser collimating mirror, the incident laser is reflected to a 45-degree reflecting mirror on a movable lens seat assembly through a 45-degree reflecting mirror in a base body and then vertically penetrates through a beam combining mirror to be coaxially combined with a fiber laser beam, finally, the laser is focused and emitted onto a workpiece through a beam combining focusing lens, and a CCD assembly above the movable lens seat assembly is coaxially installed with a combined laser beam;

adjusting the transverse or longitudinal light emitting position of an incident laser beam by horizontally moving the position of the reflector, thereby adjusting the position of a laser welding point; the connecting motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the lens mounted on the lens fixing seat moves.

Compared with the prior art, the laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device has the following beneficial effects:

1. firstly, the composite welding head is formed by compounding the optical fiber laser and the blue light laser, the optical fiber laser can be better suitable for deep fusion welding, the blue light can preheat the plate, the absorption rate of the plate to the optical fiber laser is increased, the welding efficiency and quality are effectively improved, the welding defect is reduced, and the composite welding head has better welding adaptability to medium-thin high-reflectivity or high-heat-conducting materials; the optical fiber laser beam light path in the composite welding head adopts double-motor swing, and the laser collimation adjustable module is carried on one side of the blue laser, so that the defects of low welding speed, poor quality and the like in the non-specification welding or large-gap welding of plates of the conventional composite welding head are effectively overcome.

2. The laser welding device can detect the actual positions of the two laser focuses, can automatically adjust the positions of the two laser focuses, effectively avoids the problem of welding quality caused by dislocation of the two laser focuses due to deviation of a composite laser beam, can better improve the laser welding efficiency, reduces weld defects and improves the welding quality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite laser welding head;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a composite laser welding head;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a galvanometer in a composite laser welding head;

FIG. 4 is a laser beam path diagram of a composite laser welding head;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a stage moving module of a hybrid laser welding head;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a stage moving module of a hybrid laser welding head;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the position adjustment of the mirror mount moving module in a hybrid laser welding head;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the laser focus of the fiber in a composite laser welding head;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the coaxial focal coordinates of a composite laser welding head.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a first QBH; 2. a first fixing module; 3. a collimation adjustment mechanism; 4. a substrate; 5. a lens base moving module; 6. a first swing motor assembly; 7. a first drawer-style protective mirror assembly; 8. a second drawer-style protective mirror assembly; 9. a focusing mirror mounting module; 10. a movable lens holder assembly; 11. a second swing motor assembly; 12. a second stationary module; 13. a second QBH; 14. a CCD assembly; 15. connecting a motor; 16. mounting a plate; 17. a screw rod; 18. a lens holder; 19. a nut; 20. a slider; 21. a lens; 22. a fiber laser focus; 23. a blue laser focus; 24. a coaxial focus coordinate; 25. coordinate points; 26. the blue light focus.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are referred to, they refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited. Either mechanically or electrically. Either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-9, a laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for a laser welding device comprises a base 4, a first QBH1 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 4, a CCD assembly 14 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 4, the CCD assembly 14 comprises CCD software, a first swing motor assembly 6 is slidably connected to the bottom of the base 4, a second swing motor assembly 11 is slidably connected to one side of the base 4, a second QBH13 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 4, an alignment adjustment mechanism 3 is arranged on the base 4, a lens holder moving module 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 4, the first swing motor assembly 6 is slidably connected to the lens holder moving module 5, the first swing motor assembly 6 comprises a transverse motor and a galvanometer h, the transverse motor is in transmission connection with the galvanometer h, a first drawer type protective lens assembly 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lens holder moving module 5, the invention has the laser beam coaxial detection function and the automatic adjusting system, a focusing lens installation module 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of a lens base moving module 5, a second drawer type protective lens assembly 8 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of a first drawer type protective lens assembly 7, a first fixing module 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of a first QBH1, the first fixing module 2 is fixedly connected with a base body 4, a second swing motor assembly 11 comprises a longitudinal motor and a vibrating lens g, the longitudinal motor is in transmission connection with the vibrating lens g, a moving lens base assembly 10 is fixedly and slidably arranged at one side of the base body 4, the moving lens base assembly 10 is fixedly connected with a second swing motor assembly 11, a second fixing module 12 is fixedly connected to one side of a second QBH13, and the second fixing module 12 is fixedly connected with a CCD assembly 14, fixedly connected with connecting motor 15 on the mounting panel 16, the transmission is connected with lead screw 17 on connecting motor 15, and threaded connection has nut 19 on the lead screw 17, and one side fixedly connected with fixing base 18 of nut 19, one side fixedly connected with lens 21, 18 on the fixing base 18 has slider 20.

A laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic regulation system based on a composite laser welding head is characterized in that an optical fiber laser output head is connected from a second QBH13, incident laser vertically passes through an optical fiber laser collimating mirror i and then is reflected to a vibrating mirror g in a second swing motor assembly 11 through a vibrating mirror h in a first swing motor assembly 6, the initial angle of the vibrating mirror is 45 degrees, at the moment, the laser beam is reflected to a 45-degree beam-combining mirror d on a movable mirror base assembly 10 through the vibrating mirror g, and then is reflected to a beam-combining focusing mirror e through the beam-combining focusing mirror d and then is focused to emit light onto a workpiece f; the blue laser output head is connected from a first QBH1, incident laser vertically passes through a blue laser collimating mirror b, is reflected to a 45-degree reflecting mirror k on the movable lens seat assembly 10 through a 45-degree reflecting mirror c in the base body 4, vertically penetrates through a beam combining mirror d, is coaxially combined with a fiber laser beam, is finally focused out to a workpiece f through a beam combining focusing mirror e, and the CCD assembly 14 above the movable lens seat assembly 10 is coaxially mounted with a combined laser beam.

The incident laser beam of the fiber laser can pass through the first swing motor component 6 and the second swing motor component 11 only for swinging the vibrating mirror h and the vibrating mirror i, light spots form a certain shape, such as a circle, a quadrangle and other light spot shapes, the diameter or the width can be adjusted, the energy density is uniform, the laser welding device can be suitable for welding with larger gaps or irregular welding, such as tailor welding, inside corner welding and the like, the incident light beam of the blue laser can adjust the size of the light spots through the collimation adjusting mechanism 3, certain preheating is carried out on a workpiece, the absorption rate of the workpiece to the fiber laser is increased, the welding quality and efficiency are improved, and the application range of welding is wider.

The mirror base moving module 5 of the composite laser welding head can horizontally move the position of the reflector and adjust the transverse or longitudinal light emitting position of the incident laser beam so as to adjust the position of the laser welding point; the connecting motor 15 is fixed on the mounting plate 16, the mounting plate 16 is fixed on the welding head base body 4, the nut 19 and the sliding block 20 are fixed on the lens base, and the connecting motor 15 drives the screw rod 17 to rotate, so that the lens 21 arranged on the lens fixing base 18 moves.

The composite laser welding head has very high precision requirement on each part, mechanical errors, assembly errors or errors caused by vibration in the transportation process are easy to occur in the parts processing and assembling process, the welding point positions of two beams of laser beams are easy to be staggered, so that the series of problems of poor welding quality, low welding efficiency and the like are caused, and in order to avoid the series of problems, the composite laser welding head can carry out laser beam combination coaxial detection and can automatically adjust the welding point positions of the two beams of laser beams; firstly, under the control of a PC (personal computer) end, closing blue laser output, opening optical fiber laser output to the surface of a test plate, accurately marking the center position of a welding point by using a CCD (charge coupled device) with a thermal imaging system to be used as a coordinate point, and then closing the laser output; the positions of the welding head and the test board are kept fixed, then the blue laser is opened to be output to the surface of the test board under the control of the PC end, the central position of the welding point of the test board is detected and marked by the CCD, and CCD software serving as another coordinate point can compare the position coordinates of the welding point of the two laser beams which emit light vertically, and whether dislocation occurs is identified.

The fiber laser focus 22 and the blue laser focus 23 which are detected and recorded by the CCD are shifted and dislocated, the CCD software can calculate the intersection point coordinate of the fiber laser focus 22 and the blue laser focus 23 in the X, Y direction, namely the two laser beam combination coaxial focus coordinate 24 according to the two coordinates, so that the distance L1 from the fiber laser focus 22 to the coaxial focus coordinate 24 and the distance L2 from the blue laser focus 23 to the coaxial focus coordinate 24 can be calculated; the pulse number required by the moving distance can be automatically calculated after the distance needing to be moved is obtained, then the pulse is sent to the motor on the lens base moving module through the motion control board card, the lens fixing base is controlled to move, two laser focuses are moved to the same coaxial focus coordinate 24, and therefore accurate coaxiality of the two laser beams is achieved. For part of welding materials which are possibly not concentrated as much as the laser energy density but need to be properly preheated to form a certain temperature field, so that the absorption of the laser energy by a molten pool is more uniform, the effects of eliminating weld pores and improving the welding quality can be achieved, double-spot welding can be adopted, the composite welding head control software of the invention is provided with a double-spot welding mode, namely, a blue laser focus is in front of an optical fiber laser focus, a coaxial focus coordinate 24 and a blue focus 26 position coordinate are in the same direction and are consistent with the welding direction, La is the optimal distance of two points, when the CCD detects that the two focus position coordinate distances are different from the optimal distance La input by a system, the CCD control software calculates the distance Lb required to move when the blue focus 26 reaches a coordinate point 25 of the optimal distance La with the focus coordinate 3 by taking the shaft focus coordinate 24 as a reference point, and finally through motion control, the blue laser focal point 23 is moved to the optimum coordinate point 25.

The CCD software calculates the distance L which needs to be moved after the coordinate point is deviated, and the distance L corresponds to an operation reference formula of the number N of pulses needed by the motor:

N×r×i×Ph×k＝L

(N: pulse number, r: rotation speed, namely the pulse number required by each rotation of the screw rod, i: motor reduction ratio, Ph: screw rod lead, k: light beam focusing offset compensation coefficient, and L: coordinate point moving distance).

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A laser closes coaxial detection of restrainting and automatically regulated system for laser welding device, a serial communication port, including base member (4), the fixed first QBH (1) that is provided with in top of base member (4), the fixed CCD subassembly (14) that is provided with in top of base member (4), the bottom sliding connection of base member (4) has first swing motor subassembly (6), one side sliding connection of base member (4) has second swing motor subassembly (11), the fixed second QBH (13) that is provided with in top of base member (4), be provided with collimation adjustment mechanism (3) on base member (4), be equipped with position control subassembly on base member (4).

2. The laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a lens holder moving module (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base body (4), and the first swing motor assembly (6) is slidably connected with the lens holder moving module (5).

3. The laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first swing motor assembly (6) comprises a transverse motor and a galvanometer h, and the transverse motor is in transmission connection with the galvanometer h.

4. The laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that a first drawer type protection mirror assembly (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mirror base moving module (5), a focusing mirror installation module (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mirror base moving module (5), and a second drawer type protection mirror assembly (8) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first drawer type protection mirror assembly (7).

5. The laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first fixing module (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first QBH (1), and the first fixing module (2) is fixedly connected with the base body (4).

6. A composite laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that the second swing motor assembly (11) comprises a longitudinal motor and a galvanometer g, the longitudinal motor being in driving connection with the galvanometer g.

7. The laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic regulation system for the laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a movable lens holder assembly (10) is fixedly and slidably arranged on one side of the base body (4), and the movable lens holder assembly (10) is fixedly connected with a second swing motor assembly (11).

8. The laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a second fixing module (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the second QBH (13), and the second fixing module (12) is fixedly connected with the CCD assembly (14).

9. The laser beam-combining coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 1, wherein the position adjustment assembly comprises a mounting plate (16) welded on the base body (4), a connecting motor (15) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (16), a lead screw (17) is in transmission connection with the connecting motor (15), a nut (19) is in threaded connection with the lead screw (17), a fixing seat (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the nut (19), a lens (21) is fixedly connected to the fixing seat (18), and a sliding block (20) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing seat (18).

10. The laser beam combination coaxial detection and automatic adjustment system for the laser welding device according to claim 9, wherein the fiber laser output head is connected from a second QBH, the incident laser vertically passes through a fiber laser collimating mirror i, and then is reflected to a galvanometer in a second swing motor assembly through a galvanometer h in a first swing motor assembly, the initial angles of the galvanometers are both 45 °, at this time, the laser beam is reflected to a 45 ° beam combining mirror on the movable mirror base assembly through a galvanometer g, and then is reflected to a beam combining focusing mirror through the beam combining focusing mirror and focused to emit light onto a workpiece; the blue laser output head is accessed from a first QBH, after incident laser vertically passes through a blue laser collimating mirror, the incident laser is reflected to a 45-degree reflecting mirror on a movable lens seat assembly through a 45-degree reflecting mirror in a base body and then vertically penetrates through a beam combining mirror to be coaxially combined with a fiber laser beam, finally, the laser is focused and emitted onto a workpiece through a beam combining focusing lens, and a CCD assembly above the movable lens seat assembly is coaxially installed with a combined laser beam;

adjusting the transverse or longitudinal light emitting position of an incident laser beam by horizontally moving the position of the reflector, thereby adjusting the position of a laser welding point; the connecting motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the lens mounted on the lens fixing seat moves.

Images