CN114043020B - Circuit for removing electric spark machining gap electric erosion product and control method thereof - Google Patents
Circuit for removing electric spark machining gap electric erosion product and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114043020B CN114043020B CN202111555585.XA CN202111555585A CN114043020B CN 114043020 B CN114043020 B CN 114043020B CN 202111555585 A CN202111555585 A CN 202111555585A CN 114043020 B CN114043020 B CN 114043020B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a circuit for removing an electric spark machining gap electric erosion product and a control method thereof. The clearing circuit includes: the transformer and the current regulating circuit are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a primary circuit of the transformer is connected with a power supply, and the current regulating circuit is respectively and electrically connected with a secondary circuit of the transformer and an electric spark machining gap node; the current regulating circuit comprises a plurality of gap applying current loops, each gap applying current loop comprises a switch component, and the gap applying current loops are used for regulating the on-off state of the gap applying current loops according to the on-off state of the switch components so as to regulate the removal current of the erosion products applied to the nodes of the electric spark machining gaps. According to the technical scheme, the gap bridging short circuit is rapidly and accurately eliminated by using the high-energy narrow pulse without damaging the electrode and the workpiece, the discharge state between the gaps is improved, the processing speed and the processing precision are improved compared with an oil flushing and pumping mode, and the pulse energy is accurate and controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electric spark machining, in particular to a circuit for removing electric erosion products in an electric spark machining gap and a control method thereof.
Background
The electric spark machining is a machining mode of loading an electric pulse signal with certain energy to a gap between an electrode and a metal workpiece to break down the gap between the electrode and the metal workpiece and forming spark discharge to corrode the metal workpiece, so that metal machining is realized. Electric spark machining is an effective machining method for solving difficult-to-machine materials and difficult-to-machine shapes in the mechanical manufacturing industry. The processing method makes up for some defects of mechanical processing and becomes an important means in the die industry, the national defense industry and the precision manufacturing.
In the electric spark machining process, gas, metal scraps, carbon black and other electric corrosion products are continuously generated, and if the electric corrosion products are not removed in time, the machining is difficult to stably carry out. The poor processing stability can reduce the utilization rate of the electric pulse signal and slow the processing speed. In order to promote the chip removal, the methods of oil flushing, oil pumping and electrode lifting are generally adopted. However, the oil flushing and pumping is limited by the shape of the electrode, and the more complicated the shape of the electrode is, the poorer the oil flushing and pumping effects are, and problems such as increased loss and non-uniform loss of the electrode are caused, resulting in a reduction in the machining accuracy. In addition to using oil flushing and oil pumping, the electrode must be lifted frequently to facilitate chip removal, but non-machining time is increased. The electric erosion product is not removed in time, which causes short circuit between the electrode and the workpiece between gaps, causes spark discharge interruption and servo rollback, and is a direct cause of unstable processing, especially in the occasions of electric spark finish machining and deep and narrow groove processing. Therefore, how to rapidly eliminate the gap short circuit to improve the processing stability and the processing efficiency has become a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a circuit for removing an electric erosion product in an electric spark machining gap and a control method thereof, which utilize high-energy narrow pulses to achieve fast and accurate elimination of gap bridging short circuits without damaging electrodes and workpieces, improve a discharge state between gaps, improve a machining speed and a machining precision compared with an oil flushing and pumping mode, and accurately control pulse energy.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a circuit for removing an erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap, where the circuit includes:
the transformer and the current regulating circuit are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a primary circuit of the transformer is connected with a power supply, and the current regulating circuit is respectively and electrically connected with a secondary circuit of the transformer and an electric spark machining gap node;
the current regulating circuit comprises a plurality of gap applying current loops, each gap applying current loop comprises a switch component, and the gap applying current loop is used for regulating the on-off state of the gap applying current loop according to the on-off state of the switch component so as to regulate the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node.
Optionally, the current regulating circuit includes a plurality of sequentially arranged repeating units, a first node of the repeating unit is electrically connected to the edm gap node, a second node of the repeating unit serves as a third node access point of a subsequent repeating unit, and a third node of a first repeating unit is electrically connected to the first end of the secondary side circuit;
the repeating unit includes a first capacitor and the switching element, a first end of the first capacitor is used as the third node, a second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element and used as the second node, and a second end of the switching element is used as the first node.
Optionally, the repeating unit further includes a first one-way conduction device, an anode of the first one-way conduction device is electrically connected to the second end of the switch component, and a cathode of the first one-way conduction device is used as the first node. Optionally, the first scanning arrangement comprises a micro-scanning gun.
Optionally, the current regulating circuit includes a plurality of sequentially arranged initializing charging circuits, a fourth node of the initializing charging circuit is used as a sixth node access point of a subsequent initializing charging circuit, a fifth node of the initializing charging circuit is used as a fourth node access point of the subsequent initializing charging circuit, the fourth node of the first initializing charging circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the secondary side circuit, and the sixth node of the first initializing charging circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the secondary side circuit;
the initialization charging circuit comprises a first capacitor and a second one-way conduction device, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is used as the sixth node, the anode of the second one-way conduction device is used as the fourth node, and the cathode of the second one-way conduction device is electrically connected with the second end of the first capacitor and is used as the fifth node.
Optionally, the clearing circuit further comprises:
the first detection point of the controller is electrically connected with the electric spark machining gap node, the second detection point of the controller is electrically connected with the electric spark machining gap reference node, and the switch control ends of the controller are electrically connected with the control ends of the switch components in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the controller is used for detecting a voltage difference value between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node so as to adjust the switch control signal output by the switch control end.
Optionally, the controller includes a comparator, a first comparison end of the comparator is electrically connected to the edm gap node, and a second comparison end of the comparator is connected to a set comparison voltage.
Optionally, a sum of a length of a connecting line between the electrical discharge machining gap node and the corresponding machining electrode and a length of a connecting line between the electrical discharge machining gap reference node and the corresponding machining electrode is less than 1 meter.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a control method for a circuit for removing an electric erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap, where the control method is implemented based on the circuit for removing an electric erosion product in the first aspect, and the control method includes:
acquiring a voltage difference value between the electric spark machining gap node and an electric spark machining gap reference node;
and adjusting the on-off state of the switch component according to the voltage difference value so as to adjust the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node.
Optionally, the control method further includes:
when the short circuit state between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node is judged to be switched to other states according to the voltage difference value, the switch component is controlled to be switched off; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,
and after the switch component is judged to be turned on for the set time, the switch component is controlled to be turned off.
The disclosed embodiment provides a circuit for removing electric spark machining gap electric erosion products, which comprises: the transformer and the current regulating circuit are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a primary circuit of the transformer is connected with a power supply, and the current regulating circuit is respectively and electrically connected with a secondary circuit of the transformer and an electric spark machining gap node; the current regulating circuit comprises a plurality of gap applying current loops, each gap applying current loop comprises a switch component, and the gap applying current loops are used for regulating the on-off state of the gap applying current loops according to the on-off state of the switch components so as to regulate the removal current of the erosion products applied to the nodes of the electric spark machining gaps. Therefore, according to the circuit for removing the electric spark machining gap electric erosion product provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, when the electrode is machined, if the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node are in a gap short-circuit state, the gap applying current loop adjusts the electric erosion product removing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node according to the on-off state of the switch component, so as to remove the electric erosion product in the electric spark machining gap, the gap bridging short circuit is rapidly and accurately removed by using the high-energy narrow pulse without damaging the electrode and the workpiece, the discharge state in the gap is improved, the machining speed and the machining precision are improved relative to an oil flushing and pumping mode, and the pulse energy is accurate and controllable.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit for removing an electric erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of a circuit for removing an erosion product in an electrical discharge machining gap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.
The electric erosion product of the electric spark discharge machining can cause short circuit between an electrode and a workpiece in the discharge process, so that the interruption of the electric spark discharge and the servo rollback are caused, which is a direct reason for instability of the electric spark machining, and is particularly reflected in the electric spark finish machining and deep and narrow groove machining occasions. Therefore, rapid detection and elimination of gap short-circuiting is a key for improving the processing stability, that is, the processing efficiency.
Based on the technical problem, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a circuit for removing an electric erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit for removing an electrical erosion product in an electrical discharge machining gap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the circuit for removing the spark products in the gap between electric discharge machining includes at least one transformer T and at least one current adjusting circuit S, the transformer T being disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the current adjusting circuit S, and fig. 1 exemplarily shows two transformers T1 and T2, and two current adjusting circuits S1 and S2 disposed in correspondence with the transformers T1 and T2, respectively. Primary circuits of the transformers T1 and T2 are connected with a power supply V, and current regulating circuits S1 and S2 are respectively and electrically connected with secondary circuits of the transformers T1 and T2 and an electric spark machining gap node Y; the current adjusting circuit S includes a plurality of gap applying current loops including a switching member Q, and the gap applying current loop is configured to adjust an on-off state thereof according to an on-off state of the switching member Q to adjust an erosion product removing current applied to the electric discharge machining gap node Y.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the transformers T1 and T2 use the same transformer, and the input side uses the same voltage source, that is, the primary circuits of the transformers T1 and T2 are connected to the power supply V, so as to ensure that the output voltages of the secondary circuits of the transformers T1 and T2 are the same, and the transformer T can reduce the voltage to the voltage required by the current regulating circuit S by the principle of electromagnetic mutual inductance of the primary and secondary coils.
The current adjusting circuit S includes a plurality of gap applying current loops including a switching member Q, and the gap applying current loop is configured to adjust an on-off state thereof according to an on-off state of the switching member Q to adjust an erosion product removing current applied to the electric discharge machining gap node Y. Illustratively, C1> Q1- > D7- > electrode- > discharge gap- > workpiece, and then back to capacitor C1, forming a first gap-applied current loop; or C3- > Q3- > D8- > electrode- > discharge gap- > workpiece- > C1, and then returns to the capacitor C3 to form a second gap-applied current loop; or C5- > Q5- > D9- > electrode- > discharge gap- > workpiece- > C1- > C3 and then returns to the capacitor C5 to form a third gap application current loop. The switch component Q is conducted, and the corresponding gap applying current loop is put into the electric spark machining gap, namely, current is applied to an electric spark machining gap node Y; the switching element Q is turned off, and the corresponding gap application current circuit is not put into the electric discharge machining gap, that is, the gap application current circuit does not apply a current to the electric discharge machining gap node Y at this time.
When the machining electrode works, the voltage signal of the electric spark machining gap is detected constantly, and if the short-circuit state of the electric spark machining gap lasts for a period of time, such as 1 microsecond-3 microseconds, and is combined with the discharge state of the electric spark machining gap in the previous period of time, such as 1 millisecond-10 milliseconds, whether the gap bridging short circuit exists or not can be judged rapidly. If the gap bridging short circuit is judged, one or more switch parts Q can be selected to be switched on according to a preset discharge regulation and a control strategy, a gap applying current loop corresponding to the switched-on switch part Q is put into an electric spark machining gap, namely, current is applied to an electric spark machining gap node Y,
therefore, the gap applying current loop can adjust the current applied to the electric spark machining gap node Y according to the on-off state of the switch component Q, and further is used for clearing electric erosion products of the electric spark machining gap. If the short circuit state of gap bridging is not eliminated by the current output at one time, the next pulse can be selected to output a gap application current loop with a higher current peak value to be put into the electric spark machining gap. Illustratively, the switching component Q may select an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) or SiC element to improve the output capability of the gap-applied current loop for the instantaneous peak current.
As shown in fig. 1, the current regulating circuits S1 and S2 may respectively turn on a switching component Q at the same time, that is, the current regulating circuits S1 and S2 respectively put a gap applying current loop to the edm gap, and control two gap applying current loops to apply an erosion product removing current to the edm gap node Y, so that two currents are linearly superimposed directly on the edm gap node Y to remove the gap erosion product. Alternatively, the current adjusting circuit S1 or the current adjusting circuit S2 may turn on each of the plurality of switching elements Q, and the erosion product removal current applied to the gap node Y for electric discharge machining is not a simple linear superposition of the gap application current loop currents.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the switching element Q to be turned on is not limited to a specific one, and the switching element Q to be turned on may be selected according to the degree of short circuit in the gap in the electrical discharge machining. In addition, the number of transformers and current regulating circuits included in the circuit for removing the electric erosion product in the electric discharge machining gap is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Therefore, the clearance circuit for the electric spark machining clearance electric erosion product comprises at least one transformer and at least one current regulating circuit, wherein the transformer and the current regulating circuit are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the current regulating circuit comprises a plurality of clearance applying current loops, each clearance applying current loop comprises a switch component, when an electrode is machined, if the electric spark machining clearance node and the electric spark machining clearance reference node are judged to be in a clearance short bridging circuit state, the clearance applying current loops regulate the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining clearance node according to the on-off state of the switch components, the electric erosion product clearing circuit is used for clearing the electric spark machining clearance electric erosion product, the high-energy narrow pulse is utilized to realize quick and accurate clearance bridging short circuit elimination without damaging the electrode and a workpiece, the discharge state between the clearances is improved, and the machining speed and the machining precision are improved relative to an oil flushing mode and an oil pumping mode, and the pulse energy is accurate and controllable.
It should be noted that fig. 1 only exemplarily sets the current regulating circuits S1 and S2 to each include three gap applying current loops, the specific number of the current regulating circuits S including the gap applying current loops is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the number of the current regulating circuits S including the gap applying current loops may be set according to the specific requirement of the gap of the electric discharge machining on the removal current of the erosion product.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the current regulating circuit S includes a plurality of sequentially arranged repeating units 100, a first node of the repeating unit 100 is electrically connected to the edm gap node Y, a second node of the repeating unit 100 is used as a third node access point of a subsequent repeating unit 100, and the third node of the first repeating unit 100 is electrically connected to the first end a1 of the secondary side circuit; the repeating unit 100 includes a first capacitor C and a switch component Q, a first end of the first capacitor C is used as a third node, a left end of the first capacitor C in fig. 1 is the first end of the first capacitor C, a second end of the first capacitor C is electrically connected with the first end of the switch component Q and is used as a second node, a second end of the switch component Q is used as the first node, and a lower end of the switch component Q in fig. 1 is the second end of the switch component Q.
Exemplarily, taking the current regulating circuit S1 as an example, it includes three sequentially arranged repeating units 100, wherein the first capacitor C1 and the switching component Q1 constitute one repeating unit 100, corresponding to the first gap applying current loop described in the above embodiment; the first capacitor C3 and the switching element Q3 form a repeating unit 100, corresponding to the second gap applying current loop described in the above embodiment; the first capacitor C5 and the switching element Q5 form a repeating unit 100, corresponding to the third gap applying current loop described in the above embodiments. Specifically, the pulse energy output by the gap application current circuit has a positive correlation with the voltage across the first capacitor C, the capacitance of the first capacitor C, and the on-time of the switching element Q, that is, the higher the voltage across the first capacitor C, the longer the on-time of the switching element Q, the larger the capacitance of the first capacitor C, and the larger the output current in the gap application current circuit, for example, the peak value of the current applied to the electric discharge machining gap by the gap application current circuit within 10 microseconds can reach 1000A or more.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the repeating unit 100 further includes a first one-way conduction device D, an anode of the first one-way conduction device D is electrically connected to the second end of the switch component Q, a cathode of the first one-way conduction device D is used as a first node, and the first one-way conduction device D is configured to effectively prevent the current between the edm gaps from flowing back to the circuit for removing the erosion product in the edm gaps.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the current regulating circuit S includes a plurality of initializing charging circuits 200 arranged in sequence, a fourth node of the initializing charging circuit 200 is used as a sixth node access point of the next initializing charging circuit 200, a fifth node of the initializing charging circuit 200 is used as a fourth node access point of the next initializing charging circuit 200, the fourth node of the first initializing charging circuit 200 is electrically connected to the second end a2 of the secondary side circuit, and the sixth node of the first initializing charging circuit 200 is electrically connected to the first end a1 of the secondary side circuit; the initialization charging circuit 200 includes a first capacitor C and a second one-way conduction device, in fig. 1, D1-D6 and D10-D15 are the second one-way conduction devices, a first end of the first capacitor C is used as a sixth node, an anode of the second one-way conduction device is used as a fourth node, and a cathode of the second one-way conduction device is electrically connected to a second end of the first capacitor C and is used as a fifth node.
Illustratively, taking the current regulating circuit S1 as an example, the current regulating circuit includes six sequentially arranged initializing charge circuits 200, wherein the first capacitor C1 and the second one-way conducting device D1 constitute one initializing charge circuit 200, the first capacitor C2 and the second one-way conducting device D2 constitute one initializing charge circuit 200, the first capacitor C3 and the second one-way conducting device D3 constitute one initializing charge circuit 200, the first capacitor C4 and the second one-way conducting device D4 constitute one initializing charge circuit 200, the first capacitor C5 and the second one-way conducting device D5 constitute one initializing charge circuit 200, and the first capacitor C6 and the second one-way conducting device D6 constitute one initializing charge circuit 200. It should be noted that the specific number of the current regulating circuit S including the initialization charging circuit 200 is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, when the machine electrode is not operated in the idle state, the transformer T1 outputs alternating current, the second one-way conduction devices D1-D6 cooperate with each other to alternately charge the first capacitors C1-C6, and if the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is U1, the voltage across the first capacitors C2-C6 is 2U1 according to the circuit connection relationship, that is, the charging circuit 200 is initialized to store energy in the capacitors. Similarly, if the voltage across the first capacitor C7 is U1, the voltage across the first capacitors C8-C12 is 2U1, so that the capacitor energy storage is realized.
Illustratively, when the machining electrode is not operated during idling, the transformer T1 outputs alternating current, if the voltage of the point a to the common point G is U1, the voltage of the point b is 2U1, the voltage of the point c is 3U1, the voltage of the point d is 4U1, the voltage of the point e is 5U1, the voltage of the point f is 6U1, and so on, the voltages of 7U1, 8U1, 9U1, 10U1 and the like can be obtained, the highest voltage in the exemplary circuit is 6U1, the voltage values of the points are set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment is not particularly limited. By setting different voltages at each point, whether the current loop is connected to the gap application is controlled, and then currents of different grades are obtained.
For example, when the output voltage of the transformer T1 is 48V ac signal, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is about 66V, the voltages across the first capacitor C3 and the first capacitor C5 are about 132V, and the voltage across the first capacitor C G, e is about 330V during no-load, at this time, the switching component Q5 is turned on, and the current flows through C5- > Q5- > D9- > electrode- > discharge gap- > workpiece- > C1- > C3 and then returns to the capacitor C5 to form a loop.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the fourth node of the first initialization charge circuit 200, i.e., the anode of the second one-way conduction device D2, is electrically connected to the second terminal a2 of the secondary circuit of the transformer T1 through the first impedance element R. Specifically, the first impedance element R serves to reduce the inrush current when the first capacitor C1-C6 is charged, and at the same time, to limit the output energy of the transformer T1 when the switching element Q is turned on.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The circuit for removing the erosion products in the gap of electric discharge machining according to the foregoing embodiment includes a controller as shown in fig. 2, a first detection point Y 'of the controller 300 is electrically connected to an electric discharge machining gap node Y, a second detection point G' of the controller 300 is electrically connected to an electric discharge machining gap reference node G, and switch control terminals of the controller 300 are electrically connected to control terminals of the switch component Q in a one-to-one correspondence manner, that is, a PW1 port in fig. 2 is electrically connected to a PW1 port in fig. 1, and PW2-PW6 ports are similarly connected in a correspondence manner; the controller 300 is configured to detect a voltage difference between the edm gap node Y and the edm gap reference node G to adjust the switch control signal output by the switch control terminal.
Specifically, the controller 300 obtains a voltage difference between the electric discharge machining gap node Y and the electric discharge machining gap reference node G, and adjusts the on-off state of the switching member according to the voltage difference to adjust the erosion product removal current applied to the electric discharge machining gap node Y.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the pulse energy output from the gap applying current loop is very high, and if the input time is not right, the electrode loss becomes large and the surface roughness of the workpiece becomes poor, so that it is very important to accurately detect the voltage difference and adjust the switch control signal output from the switch control terminal. A first detection point Y 'of the controller is electrically connected with an electrosparking gap node Y, a second detection point G' of the controller is electrically connected with an electrosparking gap reference node G, and state detection signals, namely voltage difference values, are directly obtained at the discharge gap G point and the Y point, so that the influence of parameters such as parasitic inductance and resistance of a connecting cable is reduced, and the accuracy of the detection process is improved. The voltage difference between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node is obtained through the controller, and furthermore, the input time of pulse energy output by the gap applying current loop is judged according to the voltage difference, namely the on-off state of the switch component Q is adjusted according to the voltage difference so as to adjust the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node.
Optionally, the controller 300 may be configured to include a comparator, a first comparison terminal of the comparator is electrically connected to the edm gap node Y, a second comparison terminal of the comparator is connected to the set comparison voltage, and the comparator may be configured independently or integrated in the controller 300.
Specifically, when the electrode is machined, the gap application voltage signal is output to the controller 300 through the comparator, the electric spark discharge maintaining voltage is 20-30V, and the comparison voltage is preferably set to 5-10V because of the burr voltage interference, so that the comparison voltage is set to be smaller than the electric spark discharge maintaining voltage. At the moment, if the voltage applied to the electric spark machining gap is greater than the set comparison voltage, the comparator judges that no bridging short circuit exists in the electric spark machining gap and controls the switching components Q to be turned off through the controller; if the voltage applied to the electric spark machining gap is smaller than the set comparison voltage, the comparator judges that an electric spark machining gap bridging short circuit exists and controls the corresponding switch component Q to be conducted through the controller, and the gap applied current loop adjusts the on-off state of the gap applied current loop according to the on-off state of the switch component Q so as to adjust the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node Y and eliminate the gap short circuit.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the length of the connecting line between the electrical discharge machining gap node Y and the corresponding machining electrode may be set, and the sum of the length of the connecting line between the electrical discharge machining gap reference node G and the corresponding machining electrode is less than 1 meter, so as to reduce parameters such as parasitic inductance and resistance, shorten the discharge time of the first capacitor C, improve the energy density, and if necessary, a plurality of coaxial cables may be connected in parallel.
The basic circuit in the circuit for clearing the electric spark machining gap electric erosion products is a multi-voltage rectifying circuit composed of a transformer, a diode, a capacitor and a resistor, wherein the diode and the capacitor form a plurality of sequentially arranged repeating units and an initialization charging circuit, and the repeating units and the initialization charging circuit are combined with a switch component to form a plurality of parallel gap application current loops.
Therefore, according to the circuit for removing the electric spark machining gap electric erosion product provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, when the electrode is machined, if the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node are in a gap short-circuit state, the gap applying current loop adjusts the electric erosion product removing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node according to the on-off state of the switch component, so as to remove the electric erosion product in the electric spark machining gap, the gap bridging short circuit is rapidly and accurately removed by using the high-energy narrow pulse without damaging the electrode and the workpiece, the discharge state in the gap is improved, the machining speed and the machining precision are improved relative to an oil flushing and pumping mode, and the pulse energy is accurate and controllable.
The embodiment of the disclosure also provides a control method of the circuit for removing the electric spark machining gap electric erosion product, which can be implemented based on the circuit for removing the electric spark machining gap electric erosion product. Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of a circuit for removing an erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the method for controlling the circuit for removing the erosion product in the gap in the electric discharge machining includes:
s301, acquiring a voltage difference value between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the pulse energy output from the gap applying current loop is very high, and if the input time is not right, the electrode loss is increased and the surface roughness of the workpiece is deteriorated, so that it is important to accurately detect the voltage difference and adjust the switch control signal output from the switch control terminal. A first detection point Y 'of the controller is electrically connected with an electrosparking gap node Y, a second detection point G' of the controller is electrically connected with an electrosparking gap reference node G, and state detection signals, namely voltage difference values, are directly obtained at the discharge gap G point and the Y point, so that the influence of parameters such as parasitic inductance and resistance of a connecting cable is reduced, and the accuracy of the detection process is improved.
And S302, adjusting the on-off state of the switch component according to the voltage difference value so as to adjust the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node.
Specifically, with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a voltage difference between an electric discharge machining gap node and an electric discharge machining gap reference node is obtained by a controller, and further, a time for inputting pulse energy output by a gap applying current loop is determined according to the voltage difference, that is, an on-off state of a switch component is adjusted according to the voltage difference to adjust an electric erosion product removing current applied to the electric discharge machining gap node.
Optionally, when the short-circuit state between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node is judged to be switched to other states according to the voltage difference value, the switch component is controlled to be switched off; or after the switch component is judged to be turned on for a set time, the switch component is controlled to be turned off.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, when the controller 300 determines that the gap bridge short-circuit state is switched to another state according to the voltage difference, the controller controls all the switching elements Q to be turned off, and at this time, it is not necessary to apply an erosion product removal current to the electrical discharge machining gap node Y. Or after the controller judges that the switch component Q is turned on for the set time, the switch component Q is controlled to be turned off, and the phenomenon that the machining quality of the surface of the workpiece to be machined is influenced by continuously applying the electric erosion product clearing current to the electric spark machining gap node Y is avoided.
Therefore, according to the circuit for removing the electric spark machining gap electric erosion product provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, when the electrode is machined, if the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node are in a gap short-circuit state, the gap applying current loop adjusts the electric erosion product removing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node according to the on-off state of the switch component, so as to remove the electric erosion product in the electric spark machining gap, the gap bridging short circuit is rapidly and accurately removed by using the high-energy narrow pulse without damaging the electrode and the workpiece, the discharge state in the gap is improved, the machining speed and the machining precision are improved relative to an oil flushing and pumping mode, and the pulse energy is accurate and controllable. In addition, in the embodiment of the disclosure, through practical tests, the control circuit and the control method of the scheme can rapidly and accurately clear the gap bridging short circuit without damaging the electrode and the workpiece, improve the discharge state, and increase the machining speed by 30%.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An electrical discharge machining gap erosion product removal circuit comprising:
the transformer and the current regulating circuit are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a primary circuit of the transformer is connected with a power supply, and the current regulating circuit is respectively and electrically connected with a secondary circuit of the transformer and an electric spark machining gap node;
the current regulating circuit comprises a plurality of gap applying current loops, each gap applying current loop comprises a switch component, and the gap applying current loops are used for regulating the on-off states of the gap applying current loops according to the on-off states of the switch components so as to regulate the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap nodes.
2. The circuit for removing gap erosion products in electric discharge machining according to claim 1, wherein the current regulating circuit includes a plurality of sequentially arranged repeating units, a first node of the repeating unit is electrically connected to the gap node in electric discharge machining, a second node of the repeating unit is used as a third node access point of a subsequent repeating unit, and a third node of a first repeating unit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the secondary circuit;
the repeating unit includes a first capacitor and the switching element, a first end of the first capacitor is used as the third node, a second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the switching element and used as the second node, and a second end of the switching element is used as the first node.
3. The circuit for cleaning gap erosion products of claim 2, wherein the repeating unit further comprises a first one-way conduction device having an anode electrically connected to the second terminal of the switching member and a cathode as the first node.
4. The circuit for removing gap erosion products in electric discharge machining according to claim 2, wherein the current regulating circuit includes a plurality of sequentially arranged initializing charging circuits, a fourth node of the initializing charging circuit is used as a sixth node access point of a subsequent initializing charging circuit, a fifth node of the initializing charging circuit is used as a fourth node access point of a subsequent initializing charging circuit, a fourth node of a first initializing charging circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the secondary side circuit, and a sixth node of the first initializing charging circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the secondary side circuit;
the initialization charging circuit comprises a first capacitor and a second one-way conduction device, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is used as the sixth node, the anode of the second one-way conduction device is used as the fourth node, and the cathode of the second one-way conduction device is electrically connected with the second end of the first capacitor and is used as the fifth node.
5. The circuit for removing gap erosion products of claim 4, wherein the fourth node of the first of the initialization charge circuits is electrically connected to the second terminal of the secondary side circuit through a first impedance element.
6. The electrical discharge machining gap erosion product removal circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
the first detection point of the controller is electrically connected with the electric spark machining gap node, the second detection point of the controller is electrically connected with the electric spark machining gap reference node, and the switch control ends of the controller are electrically connected with the control ends of the switch components in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the controller is used for detecting a voltage difference value between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node so as to adjust the switch control signal output by the switch control end.
7. The circuit for cleaning gap erosion products of claim 6, wherein the controller comprises a comparator, a first comparison terminal of the comparator is electrically connected to the gap node, and a second comparison terminal of the comparator is connected to a set comparison voltage.
8. The circuit for removing an erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap according to claim 1, wherein a sum of a length of a line connecting the electric discharge machining gap node and the corresponding machining electrode and a length of a line connecting the electric discharge machining gap reference node and the corresponding machining electrode is 1 m or less.
9. A control method for a circuit for removing an electric erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap, which is implemented based on the circuit for removing an electric erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the control method comprising:
acquiring a voltage difference value between the electric spark machining gap node and an electric spark machining gap reference node;
and adjusting the on-off state of the switch component according to the voltage difference value so as to adjust the electric erosion product clearing current applied to the electric spark machining gap node.
10. The method for controlling a circuit for removing an erosion product in an electric discharge machining gap according to claim 9, further comprising:
when the short circuit state between the electric spark machining gap node and the electric spark machining gap reference node is judged to be switched to other states according to the voltage difference value, the switch component is controlled to be switched off; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and after the switch component is judged to be turned on for the set time, the switch component is controlled to be turned off.
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| CN114043020A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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