CN114042369B - Organic pollutant co-processing method and intelligent integrated processing equipment - Google Patents
Organic pollutant co-processing method and intelligent integrated processing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114042369B CN114042369B CN202110423248.9A CN202110423248A CN114042369B CN 114042369 B CN114042369 B CN 114042369B CN 202110423248 A CN202110423248 A CN 202110423248A CN 114042369 B CN114042369 B CN 114042369B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
- B01D53/323—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 by electrostatic effects or by high-voltage electric fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
- B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention provides a method for co-processing organic pollutants, and discloses a set of intelligent integrated processing equipment. The invention uses mesoporous photocatalyst material to adsorb and reduce the concentration of the collected organic pollutants, and mixes the gas phase and liquid phase of the pollutants with water in a nano-bubble generating device to prepare nano-bubble solution, thereby realizing long-acting and deep treatment of the organic pollutants and decomposing all harmful substances in the pollutants into non-toxic and harmless micromolecular substances such as water, carbon dioxide and the like. Meanwhile, under the irradiation of visible light, the desorption of material pollutants is promoted by utilizing nano bubbles and liquid-phase plasma, and the self regeneration cycle function of the material is realized. The invention is green and environment-friendly and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic pollutants (VOCs) in the processing and manufacturing industry, in particular to an organic pollutant co-processing method and intelligent integrated processing equipment.
Background
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are a general term for a class of organic pollutants that are ubiquitous and complex in composition in air. VOCs have large harm, complex components and wide sources, are one of four large-gas pollutants, and belong to important factors for forming PM2.5 and photochemical smog; can damage the nervous system, blood components and cardiovascular system of human body, and has great influence on human health and social environment. The treatment and emission reduction of VOCs have become a serious problem in the processing and manufacturing field.
PM2.5 is also known as fine particulate matter. Refers to particles with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of 2.5 microns or less in an air environment. The air purifier is characterized by being capable of suspending in air for a long time, and the higher the concentration is, the more serious the air pollution is; although PM2.5 accounts for a very small proportion compared with other components in atmospheric constituents, it has only an extremely important influence on visibility and air. Small grain size, large area, strong activity, easy attachment of toxic and harmful substances (such as heavy metals, microorganisms and the like), long retention time in the atmosphere and long conveying distance, thereby having larger influence on human health and atmospheric environmental quality.
The existing organic pollutant treatment equipment is essentially to simply utilize a high-energy ultraviolet radiation technology to break partial molecular chains in bacterial DNA and nucleoprotein, so that the integral crosslinking damage is caused, and finally, the bacteria die; not only is dust explosion easily caused by gas-phase high-energy reaction, but also ozone molecules formed by 185-nanometer waveband light can realize catalytic oxidation on organic pollutants, but the ozone molecules are one of the energy-saving and emission-reducing targets;
the nano bubble technology refers to: the water and the air are mixed mutually, and the ultrasonic cavitation dispersion is carried out on the ultramicro bubbles to form a milky gas-liquid mixture with the particle size of less than 100nm. The nano bubbles not only have high zeta potential generated by surface charges, but also show good adsorption effect on paint mist; high-activity substances such as hydroxyl radicals and the like can be generated when the nano bubbles are broken, and the decomposition of organic matters can be accelerated; the nano bubbles are formed, so that the gas-liquid contact area is enlarged, and no secondary pollution is caused;
the photocatalysis technology is as follows: the mesoporous photocatalyst material absorbs light energy and converts the light energy into chemical energy. The basic principle is that when light irradiates the surface of a material, electrons based on a valence band are stimulated to transit to a conduction band, so that holes are generated in the valence band, and electrons are formed in the conduction band, so that a photo-generated electron-hole pair is formed. Under the irradiation of light, the catalyst and the matter adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst produce oxidation-reduction reaction continuously to degrade organic pollutant.
The liquid plasma technology refers to: under the condition of pulse high voltage, the conducting electrode generates discharge plasma in liquid. The plasma has abundant high-energy electrons and active substances and has super-strong oxidation activity. And the plasma electrolyzed water generates a large amount of high-activity substances of hydroxyl free radicals OH and superoxide free radicals O2-. In addition, the liquid plasma discharge generates extremely strong UV ultraviolet rays, which cause photocatalytic action.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the potential safety hazard and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the organic pollutant cooperative treatment method and the intelligent integrated treatment equipment, which utilize the cooperative action of various advanced oxidation-reduction technologies, have the advantages of deeply and long-acting treatment on the organic pollutants and the like, and solve the problems of the potential safety hazard and secondary pollution of byproducts in the traditional equipment treatment
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for the cooperative treatment of organic pollutants, which comprises the following steps:
a filtering and adsorbing step: the novel mesoporous photocatalyst material is used for replacing the traditional activated carbon material to adsorb the collected organic pollutant waste gas to reduce the concentration;
and (3) generation of nano bubbles: mixing the gas phase and the liquid phase of the adsorbed and reduced-concentration pollutants with water through a nano bubble generating device to prepare a nano bubble solution, so as to realize the liquefaction of a reaction environment;
a cooperative processing step: and introducing the liquid-phase nano bubble solution into a synergistic treatment unit, and utilizing a photocatalysis technology and a liquid-phase plasma discharge technology to realize deep long-acting degradation of the organic pollutants.
The organic pollutant co-treatment method according to the preamble, characterized in that the treatment method further comprises:
material activation and regeneration: and placing the adsorbed mesoporous photocatalyst material in a synergistic treatment unit, and promoting the desorption of pollutants by using nano bubbles and liquid-phase plasma under the irradiation of visible light to realize the activation of the mesoporous photocatalyst material.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides an integrated apparatus for intelligently monitoring and treating organic pollutants, comprising a pretreatment device, a co-treatment device and a detection feedback device;
a pretreatment device: the device is provided with a fan for collecting organic pollutant waste gas inlet and a liquid phase pollutant inlet, and a glass fiber filter screen, a primary filter device and a nano bubble device are arranged in a pretreatment device so as to realize the filtration and concentration reduction of pollutants and the nano bubble formation;
a cooperative processing device: the device is connected with a pretreatment device, comprises a cylindrical reaction cabin, a stirring device, a high-power LED light source and a liquid-phase plasma discharge device, and realizes deep long-term degradation of organic pollutants contained in the front-stage nano bubbles;
the detection feedback device: and the flame ionization detection device is connected with the cooperative processing device and is provided with an FID flame ionization detection instrument, and the intelligent judgment on the emission of the purified gas is realized through an intelligent algorithm.
Furthermore, in the pretreatment device, a glass fiber filter screen is used for filtering large-particle dust particles in the waste gas, the glass fiber filter screen takes environment-friendly water-soluble phenolic resin as a substrate, high-silica glass fiber cloth is soaked, and then high-temperature curing molding is carried out, the diameter of a monofilament is several micrometers to twenty micrometers, and the filtering efficiency of the glass fiber filter screen on paint mist and other dust particles of 0.1 to 0.2 micrometers can reach more than 99%.
Furthermore, in the pretreatment device, the mesoporous photocatalyst material used in the primary filtering device is prepared by a shell-core structure composite material preparation technology, active carbon is used as a porous framework, titanium oxide with a nanometer-scale thickness is wrapped on the surface layer of the framework, so that the shell-core structure photocatalyst material of the porous framework-titanium oxide core is formed, and finally the material is subjected to reduction treatment by a hydrogen heat treatment process at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the specific surface area of the material is more than 1000m < 2 >/g.
Furthermore, the diameter of the nano bubbles formed by the organic pollutants and water in the nano bubble generating device in the pretreatment device is less than 100nm.
Further, the gas-liquid ratio per minute at the inlet of the nano-bubble generating device of the pretreatment device is 1:35 to 1:40.
furthermore, in the coprocessing device, a stirring device is arranged in the reaction cabin and is a vertical stirring rod, a power driving device is arranged at the upper end of the stirring rod, the power driving device can drive the stirring rod to rotate, and the stirring rotating speed range is 0-300r/min.
Furthermore, in the cooperative processing device, the high-power LED light sources are uniformly arranged around the stirring device, are not immersed in the reaction chamber, but are perforated vertically in the reaction chamber, and have a transparent outer wall.
Furthermore, in the cooperative processing device, a high-power LED light source is a visible light source with 200-1100 nm.
Furthermore, plasma probes are arranged on the lower half end of the outer wall of the light source in the cooperative processing device, and the number of the probes is different from 20 to 50 on each outer wall.
Further, the voltage of the liquid phase plasma discharge in the co-processing device is 200V.
Further, the current 2A of the liquid phase plasma discharge in the co-processing device.
Further, the frequency of the liquid phase plasma discharge in the cooperative processing device is 100Hz.
Furthermore, in the cooperative processing device, a mesoporous photocatalyst material is filled in the reaction chamber, and can realize full-spectrum response of visible light within 200-1100nm so as to assist photocatalytic degradation.
Furthermore, in the detection feedback device, the concentration of organic pollutants is detected through FID flame ionization, intelligent judgment is carried out, the organic pollutants are discharged after reaching the standard, and the organic pollutants are circulated to the nano bubble generating device for circular treatment if the organic pollutants do not reach the standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention not only can efficiently realize the deep long-acting degradation of organic pollutants, but also utilizes the synergistic reaction of various advanced oxidation-reduction technologies to convert the reaction phase state from gas phase to liquid phase, thereby avoiding potential safety hazards, simultaneously uses a visible light source to decompose the pollutants into non-toxic and harmless micromolecular compounds such as water, carbon dioxide and the like, does not generate pollutant ozone and the like, and avoids secondary pollution potential hazards, thereby embodying the high efficiency, the safety and the environmental protection of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the cooperative processing of various techniques of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
the system comprises a pretreatment device 1, a 101 air inlet, a 102 liquid inlet, a 103 fan, a 104 filtering device, a 105 nano-bubble generating device, a 106 liquid storage tank, a 107 nano-bubble inlet, a 108 nano-bubble outlet, a 109 feedback circulation air inlet, a 2 cooperative reaction device, a 201 forming reaction chamber, a 202 stirrer, a 203 light source, a 204 light source outer wall, a 205 plasma probe, a 206 cabin inner circulation liquid outlet, a 207 liquid outlet, a 3 detection feedback device, a 301 intelligent algorithm module, a 302 substandard circulation channel and a 303 substandard discharge channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, which will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, and other obvious modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an organic pollutant monitoring and processing integrated intelligent device comprises a pretreatment device (1), a cooperative treatment device (2) and a detection feedback device (3), and is characterized in that the three devices are arranged in parallel to sequentially realize the function of processing organic pollutants;
starting a fan (103), sucking organic pollutant waste gas from an air inlet (101) and entering a primary filtering device (104), filtering dust particles such as paint mist and the like by a glass fiber filter screen at an inlet, and then carrying out physical adsorption on the waste gas by a mesoporous photocatalyst material in the filtering device (104); then generating a plurality of nano bubbles with the diameter of less than 100nm in a nano bubble generating device (105) according to the gas-liquid ratio, converting the subsequent reaction phase state from a gas phase to a liquid phase, and simultaneously breaking out part of the nano bubbles in a liquid storage tank (106) to realize primary oxidation-reduction degradation;
in the cooperative reaction device (2), a stirrer (202) is started to uniformly distribute mesoporous photocatalyst materials in the reaction cabin in a liquid phase environment, a light source (203) is turned on to form uniform light intensity irradiation on each point in the reaction cabin (201), so that pollutants generated after nano bubbles are broken are adsorbed by the mesoporous photocatalyst materials, and photo-generated electron-hole pairs are excited on the surface of the materials to carry out oxidation reduction on the pollutants; if the concentration of the pollutants is high, a plasma probe (205) is arranged on the lower half end of the outer wall (204) of the light source to carry out liquid-phase plasma discharge to degrade the pollutants, and a large amount of high-activity substances of hydroxyl free radicals OH and superoxide free radicals O2-can carry out oxidation reduction on the pollutants;
and after the final product passes through the FID detector of the detection feedback device (3), whether the final product reaches the standard and is discharged is judged through the intelligent algorithm module, and if the final product does not reach the standard, the final product enters a liquid storage tank (106) in the pretreatment device (1) for internal circulation secondary treatment.
This organic pollutant control and integrated smart machine of processing, not only can the efficient realize the organic pollutant waste gas degradation to manufacturing industry, utilize the synergistic reaction of multiple technique simultaneously, change the reaction phase state into the liquid phase by the gaseous phase, the potential safety hazard has been avoided, the visible light source has still been used simultaneously, decompose the pollutant into harmless compounds such as water and carbon dioxide, and production such as pollutant-free ozone, secondary pollution hidden danger has been avoided, just so embody this control and handle integrated device's high efficiency, security and feature of environmental protection.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, and the invention is therefore not to be limited to the embodiments illustrated herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (16)
1. A method for cooperatively processing organic pollutants is characterized in that synchronous processing of the organic pollutants is realized while detection is carried out, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) A filtering and adsorbing step: the mesoporous photocatalyst material is used for replacing the traditional activated carbon material to adsorb the collected organic pollutant waste gas to reduce the concentration;
(2) And (3) generation of nano bubbles: mixing the gas phase and the liquid phase of the adsorbed and reduced-concentration pollutants with water through a nano bubble generating device to prepare a nano bubble solution, so as to realize the liquefaction of a reaction environment;
(3) A cooperative processing step: and introducing the liquid-phase nano bubble solution into a synergistic treatment unit, and utilizing a photocatalysis technology and a liquid-phase plasma discharge technology to realize deep long-acting degradation of the organic pollutants.
2. The organic pollutant co-processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing method further comprises:
material activation and regeneration: and placing the adsorbed mesoporous photocatalyst material in a synergistic treatment unit, and promoting the desorption of pollutants by utilizing nano bubbles and liquid-phase plasma under the irradiation of visible light to realize the activation of the mesoporous photocatalyst material.
3. One set of organic pollutant intelligent monitoring and integrated equipment of handling, its characterized in that includes:
a pretreatment device: the device is provided with a fan, an organic pollutant waste gas inlet and a liquid phase pollutant inlet, wherein the organic pollutant waste gas inlet is connected with the fan, and a glass fiber filter screen, a primary filtering device and a nano bubble device are arranged in a pretreatment device so as to realize the filtration and concentration reduction of pollutants and the nano bubble formation;
a cooperative processing device: the device is connected with a pretreatment device, comprises a cylindrical reaction cabin, a stirring device, a high-power LED light source and a liquid-phase plasma discharge device, and realizes deep long-term degradation of organic pollutants contained in the front-stage nano bubbles;
a detection feedback device: and the flame ionization detection device is connected with the cooperative processing device and is provided with an FID flame ionization detection instrument, and the intelligent judgment on the emission of the purified gas is realized through an intelligent algorithm.
4. The integrated equipment for intelligent monitoring and treatment of organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the pretreatment device, a glass fiber filter screen is used for filtering large-particle dust particles in the exhaust gas, the glass fiber filter screen takes environment-friendly water-soluble phenolic resin as a matrix, high-silica glass fiber cloth is impregnated, and then the high-temperature curing molding is carried out, wherein the diameter of a monofilament is 0-30 micrometers, so that the filtering of dust particles of 0.1-0.2 micrometers can be realized.
5. The integrated apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first filtering device of the pre-treatment device contains mesoporous photocatalyst material, the mesoporous photocatalyst material is prepared by a core-shell structure composite material preparation technology, activated carbon is used as a porous framework, titanium oxide with nanometer thickness is wrapped on the surface layer of the framework to form the core-shell structure photocatalyst material of the porous framework-titanium oxide core, and finally the material is reduced by a hydrogen thermal treatment process at normal temperature and pressure, and the specific surface area of the material is larger than 1000m 2 /g。
6. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treatment device for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the pretreatment device, the diameter of the nanobubbles formed by the organic pollutants and water in the nanobubble generation device is less than 100nm.
7. The integrated equipment for intelligent monitoring and treatment of organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the pretreatment device, the gas-liquid ratio at the inlet of the nano bubble generation device is 1 to 35 to 1.
8. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treating apparatus for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the reaction chamber of the cooperative processing apparatus is provided with a stirring device, which is a vertical stirring rod, the upper end of the stirring rod is provided with a power driving device, the power driving device can drive the stirring rod to rotate, and the stirring speed ranges from 0r/min to 300r/min.
9. The integrated intelligent monitoring and processing apparatus for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the cooperative processing apparatus, the high power LED light sources are uniformly arranged around the stirring apparatus, are not immersed in the reaction chamber, but are perforated at the upper and lower parts of the reaction chamber, and are provided with transparent outer walls.
10. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treatment device for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the high power LED light source in the cooperative treatment device is a visible light source of 200-1100 nm.
11. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treatment device for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein plasma probes are arranged on the lower half end of the outer wall of the high-power LED light source in the cooperative treatment device, and the number of the plasma probes is 20-50 for each outer wall.
12. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treatment device for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the voltage of the liquid phase plasma discharge in the cooperative treatment device is 200V.
13. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treatment device for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the co-treatment device is a liquid phase plasma discharge with a current of 2A.
14. The integrated intelligent monitoring and treatment device for organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the frequency of liquid phase plasma discharge in the cooperative treatment device is 100Hz.
15. The integrated apparatus for intelligent monitoring and treatment of organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the reaction chamber of the co-processing device contains the mesoporous photocatalyst material as claimed in claim 5, which can achieve full-spectrum visible light response within 200-1100nm to assist photocatalytic degradation.
16. The integrated equipment for intelligent monitoring and treatment of organic pollutants as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the detection feedback device, the concentration of organic pollutants is detected through FID flame ionization, intelligent judgment is carried out, emission is reached, and if the concentration is not reached, the organic pollutants are circulated to the nano-bubble generating device for circular treatment.
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