CN114035001A - High-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection positioning method and device for voltage withstand test of transformer - Google Patents
High-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection positioning method and device for voltage withstand test of transformer Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection and positioning method for a voltage withstand test of a transformer, which comprises the following steps of: step S1, coupling and connecting high-frequency current sensors at a sleeve end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire; s2, performing partial discharge in the transformer, and obtaining an original broadband pulse signal waveform through each coupling point; step S3, when the signal obtained by coupling one of the coupling points has the characteristics of large amplitude and short time delay, determining the phase where the discharge occurs; step S4, establishing a pulse polarity database, eliminating external interference and determining a discharge form; step S5, establishing a transfer function of the high-frequency partial discharge signal of the transformer, reversely converting the signal waveform into an original waveform to obtain a signal energy ratio relation among all coupling points, and further determining the occurrence position of partial discharge; the invention can adopt high frequency band (30 kHz-50 MHz) to carry out PD detection, improve the accuracy and the working efficiency of the on-site withstand voltage PD test and avoid the equipment from being put into operation with defects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformer detection, in particular to a high-frequency multi-end partial discharge detection positioning method and device for a transformer voltage withstand test.
Background
The power transformer is key equipment of a power system, plays an important role in voltage conversion and electric energy transmission, and is safe and reliable to operate, so that the power transformer is not only the basis for directly guaranteeing the power supply reliability of a power grid, but also a foundation for guaranteeing the safety and stability of the society. Before a power transformer device fails due to internal insulation defects, Partial Discharge (PD) phenomena of different degrees and forms are generally generated, electromagnetic steep pulses generated by the partial discharge damage insulating materials to different degrees, insulation breakdown damage can be caused finally, insulation failure is caused, and serious accidents of large-area power failure of a power grid caused by equipment failure can be caused finally.
The power transformer delivery withstand voltage test and the partial discharge measurement test have the strictest check on the insulation of the transformer, are the last defense line for ensuring the insulation integrity and reliable operation of equipment, and are the most complex and difficult tests in the field handover test of the transformer.
At present, PD measurement is mainly carried out based on a standard pulse current method (30 k-900 kHz), but the PD measurement utilizes a lower frequency band part of a partial discharge frequency spectrum, has the defects of insufficient information quantity, difficulty in eliminating interference, difficulty in determining the position of partial discharge and the like, and has the defects of single signal coupling point and incapability of positioning; due to the narrow measurement frequency band and insufficient information quantity, the defects that PD and interference signals cannot be distinguished and the like are caused, and the test progress and the engineering progress are seriously influenced; and the standard pulse current method is difficult to accurately judge the discharge capacity level of the winding equipment, the test result strongly depends on the experience and technical level of testers, the risks of misjudgment and equipment defect operation exist, and the operation and inspection department urgently needs to develop an efficient and reliable withstand voltage PD measuring means.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection positioning method and device for a transformer withstand voltage test, which can adopt a high frequency band (30 kHz-50 MHz) to carry out PD detection, overcome the industrial pain point problem of the field withstand voltage PD test, greatly improve the accuracy and the working efficiency of the field withstand voltage PD test and avoid the equipment from being put into operation with defects.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection and positioning method for the voltage withstand test of the transformer comprises the following steps:
step S1, coupling and connecting high-frequency current sensors at the positions of a transformer bushing end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire to form a plurality of coupling points;
step S2, arranging a discharge source in the transformer, carrying out partial discharge, and obtaining an original broadband pulse signal waveform through each coupling point;
step S3, when the signal obtained by coupling one of the coupling points has the characteristics of large amplitude and short time delay, determining the phase where the partial discharge occurs according to the amplitude and time delay relation of the waveform of each coupling point;
step S4, according to the difference of the polarities of the pulse signals measured by the transformer internal partial discharge signal and the external interference signal at the multi-coupling point, establishing a pulse polarity database, eliminating the external interference by comparing the pulse polarity database with the database, and determining the discharge form;
step S5, based on the multi-conductor transmission line theory, a transfer function of the high-frequency partial discharge signal of the transformer is established, on the basis of the transfer function, the signal waveform of the coupling points is reversely converted into an original waveform, the signal energy ratio relation among the coupling points is obtained, and then the occurrence position of partial discharge is determined.
The method in step S3 specifically includes:
step S31, selecting one phase of the three phases of the transformer, and discharging at the position to ensure that the amplitude of the signal coupled by the phase sleeve end screen grounding wire is obviously larger than that of the other two phases of the transformer;
step S32, adopting signals of a three-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire to judge the phase of the partial discharge; then extracting the time-frequency characteristic parameters of the collected high-frequency pulse current signals, wherein the time-domain parameters of the time-frequency characteristic parameters comprise: amplitude, arrival time, head wave polarity and equivalent duration; the frequency domain parameters of the time-frequency characteristic parameters comprise: spectrogram, characteristic frequency, signal amplitude and equivalent bandwidth at the frequency.
In step S4, mapping the pulse signals measured by the multiple coupling points to a 2D or 3D spatial distribution map, and if the homologous PD or the interference signals are collected in a small-range region in the space and the parameters of different sources are in different regions, separating the characteristic parameters collected in several regions by using an intelligent separation algorithm; and according to the clustering result, eliminating an external interference source of the transformer and determining a partial discharge form.
In step S5, after the external interference source is eliminated, the apparent discharge amount of the discharge pulse signal is corrected by using the multi-conductor transmission line model of the transformer winding according to the transmission function calculated by the model, and the discharge pulse energy E of the winding head and tail ends corresponding to different discharge positions can be calculated in a simulation mannerhv、EendTo obtain the corresponding energy ratio Ehv/EendAnd the energy ratio curve between the energy ratio curve and the discharge position, and the electrical positioning can be realized by substituting the ratio into the relation between the energy ratio and the PD position, so that the accurate measurement of the partial discharge is completed.
The discharge pulse signal is a response signal obtained by coupling partial discharge signals in the transformer, the energy of the discharge pulse signal is gradually reduced along with the increase of the propagation distance, and the energy ratio curve E is changed along with the change of the discharge position to the direction far away from the head end of the transformer windinghv/EendThe monotone descending trend of the logarithmic relation is presented, so that the position positioning of the discharge point can be reflected by the change rule of the discharge pulse energy detected by the transformer winding multi-coupling point.
In step S3, the partial discharge performed by the discharge source is in phase a, so that the amplitude of the signal coupled to the ground line at the end screen of the bushing in phase a is significantly greater than that in phase B, C, and the arrival time is earlier than that of the signal in phase B, C.
The detection positioning method is used for the field voltage withstanding PD test of the transformer.
The device comprises a discharge source arranged in a transformer, and a plurality of high-frequency current sensors coupled and connected to a transformer bushing end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire; the high-frequency current sensor is connected with the analysis equipment; when the PD test is carried out by using the partial discharge in the transformer, the high-frequency current sensor couples the partial discharge signal in the transformer to obtain a discharge pulse signal and sends the discharge pulse signal to the analysis equipment.
The high-frequency current sensor is respectively arranged at a transformer oil tank shell grounding wire (1), an iron core grounding wire (2), a transformer A-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire (3), a transformer B-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire (4), a transformer C-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire (5) and a neutral point grounding wire (6) to form six coupling points.
The high-frequency current sensor is a high-frequency band sensor capable of working at 30kHz-50 MHz.
In the scheme of the invention, the rising edge of a PD signal excited by an oil paper insulation defect of a transformer is very steep and can reach nanosecond level, so that the characteristic of a broadband electromagnetic signal is sufficiently excited, meanwhile, the problems that the transmission and coupling paths of signals from various sources are different and the electrical position of a signal source has different polarities, amplitudes, arrival times, waveforms and spectral characteristics at different coupling points of the transformer are considered by utilizing the characteristic that the original PD/interference pulse waveform based on high-frequency band detection contains rich detailed information, the discharge at different positions and types in the transformer, the corona discharge from a pressurizing system and a lead wire, the discharge of adjacent equipment in the surrounding environment and random pulse interference signals are considered, and the broadband modeling of a voltage withstand test loop and a transformer winding can be used for carrying out detailed analysis on the electrical position of the signal source based on a multi-end detection mode, the signal positioned inside the equipment is a valid PD signal, and the signal positioned outside the equipment is judged to be an interference pulse, so that accurate diagnosis of the PD signal and elimination of the interference signal are realized.
The invention provides a high-frequency band (30 kHz-50 MHz) PD detection method, which is used for carrying out high-speed and real-time 'full information' acquisition on a pulse current waveform generated on a test detection loop, carrying out multi-source clustering separation, carrying out electrical positioning on PD and an interference signal through multi-end coupling, realizing the idea of effective elimination of the interference signal and accurate measurement (discharge amount and discharge position) of the PD, realizing effective identification of the PD and the interference pulse, eliminating interference, providing a credible basis for whether a transformer passes a withstand voltage PD test or not, and overcoming the industrial pain point problem of on-site withstand voltage PD test.
The invention provides a high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection method for a withstand voltage test during delivery/handover of a transformer based on a multi-terminal coupling ultra-wideband partial discharge detection and anti-interference technology of a power transformer, and the method is characterized in that a high-frequency band (30 kHz-50 MHz) detection means is adopted on a transformer bushing end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire to acquire partial discharge signals inside the transformer, and then the judgment of the partial discharge position of the transformer and the elimination of external interference signals are realized through subsequent signal processing and signal analysis. Therefore, early insulation degradation inside the transformer can be comprehensively detected, the accuracy and the working efficiency of the on-site withstand voltage PD test are improved, and the equipment is prevented from being put into operation with defects.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the present invention (based on high frequency partial discharge);
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of each coupling point of the detecting device of the present invention at the transformer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data analysis process of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-case ground; 2-iron core grounding; 3-transformer A phase sleeve end screen grounding wire; 4-transformer B phase sleeve end screen grounding wire; 5-transformer C phase sleeve end screen grounding wire; 6-neutral point to ground.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection and positioning method for the transformer withstand voltage test comprises the following steps:
step S1, coupling and connecting high-frequency current sensors at the positions of a transformer bushing end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire to form a plurality of coupling points;
step S2, arranging a discharge source in the transformer, carrying out partial discharge, and obtaining an original broadband pulse signal waveform through each coupling point;
step S3, when the signal obtained by coupling one of the coupling points has the characteristics of large amplitude and short time delay, determining the phase where the partial discharge occurs according to the amplitude and time delay relation of the waveform of each coupling point;
step S4, according to the difference of the polarities of the pulse signals measured by the transformer internal partial discharge signal and the external interference signal at the multi-coupling point, establishing a pulse polarity database, eliminating the external interference by comparing the pulse polarity database with the database, and determining the discharge form;
step S5, based on the multi-conductor transmission line theory, a transfer function of the high-frequency partial discharge signal of the transformer is established, on the basis of the transfer function, the signal waveform of the coupling points is reversely converted into an original waveform, the signal energy ratio relation among the coupling points is obtained, and then the occurrence position of partial discharge is determined.
The method in step S3 specifically includes:
step S31, selecting one phase of the three phases of the transformer, and discharging at the position to ensure that the amplitude of the signal coupled by the phase sleeve end screen grounding wire is obviously larger than that of the other two phases of the transformer;
step S32, adopting signals of a three-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire to judge the phase of the partial discharge; then extracting the time-frequency characteristic parameters of the collected high-frequency pulse current signals, wherein the time-domain parameters of the time-frequency characteristic parameters comprise: amplitude, arrival time, head wave polarity and equivalent duration; the frequency domain parameters of the time-frequency characteristic parameters comprise: spectrogram, characteristic frequency, signal amplitude and equivalent bandwidth at the frequency.
In step S4, mapping the pulse signals measured by the multiple coupling points to a 2D or 3D spatial distribution map, and if the homologous PD or the interference signals are collected in a small-range region in the space and the parameters of different sources are in different regions, separating the characteristic parameters collected in several regions by using an intelligent separation algorithm; and according to the clustering result, eliminating an external interference source of the transformer and determining a partial discharge form.
In step S5, after the external interference source is eliminated, the apparent discharge amount of the discharge pulse signal is corrected by using the multi-conductor transmission line model of the transformer winding according to the transmission function calculated by the model, and the discharge pulse energy E of the winding head and tail ends corresponding to different discharge positions can be calculated in a simulation mannerhv、EendTo obtain the corresponding energy ratio Ehv/EendAnd the energy ratio curve between the energy ratio curve and the discharge position, and the electrical positioning can be realized by substituting the ratio into the relation between the energy ratio and the PD position, so that the accurate measurement of the partial discharge is completed.
The discharge pulse signal is a response signal obtained by coupling partial discharge signals in the transformer, and can be used forThe quantity gradually decreases with the increase of the propagation distance, and the energy ratio curve E changes with the change of the discharge position to the direction far away from the head end of the transformer windinghv/EendThe monotone descending trend of the logarithmic relation is presented, so that the position positioning of the discharge point can be reflected by the change rule of the discharge pulse energy detected by the transformer winding multi-coupling point.
In step S3, the partial discharge performed by the discharge source is in phase a, so that the amplitude of the signal coupled to the ground line at the end screen of the bushing in phase a is significantly greater than that in phase B, C, and the arrival time is earlier than that of the signal in phase B, C.
The detection positioning method is used for the field voltage withstanding PD test of the transformer.
The device comprises a discharge source arranged in a transformer, and a plurality of high-frequency current sensors coupled and connected to a transformer bushing end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire; the high-frequency current sensor is connected with the analysis equipment; when the PD test is carried out by using the partial discharge in the transformer, the high-frequency current sensor couples the partial discharge signal in the transformer to obtain a discharge pulse signal and sends the discharge pulse signal to the analysis equipment.
The high-frequency current sensor is respectively arranged at a transformer oil tank shell grounding wire 1, an iron core grounding wire 2, a transformer A-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire 3, a transformer B-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire 4, a transformer C-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire 5 and a neutral point grounding wire 6 to form six coupling points.
The high-frequency current sensor is a high-frequency band sensor capable of working at 30kHz-50 MHz.
Claims (10)
1. The high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection and positioning method for the voltage withstand test of the transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, coupling and connecting high-frequency current sensors at the positions of a transformer bushing end screen grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire to form a plurality of coupling points;
step S2, arranging a discharge source in the transformer, carrying out partial discharge, and obtaining an original broadband pulse signal waveform through each coupling point;
step S3, when the signal obtained by coupling one of the coupling points has the characteristics of large amplitude and short time delay, determining the phase where the partial discharge occurs according to the amplitude and time delay relation of the waveform of each coupling point;
step S4, according to the difference of the polarities of the pulse signals measured by the transformer internal partial discharge signal and the external interference signal at the multi-coupling point, establishing a pulse polarity database, eliminating the external interference by comparing the pulse polarity database with the database, and determining the discharge form;
step S5, based on the multi-conductor transmission line theory, a transfer function of the high-frequency partial discharge signal of the transformer is established, on the basis of the transfer function, the signal waveform of the coupling points is reversely converted into an original waveform, the signal energy ratio relation among the coupling points is obtained, and then the occurrence position of partial discharge is determined.
2. The method for detecting and positioning the high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge in the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method in step S3 specifically includes:
step S31, selecting one phase of the three phases of the transformer, and discharging at the position to ensure that the amplitude of the signal coupled by the phase sleeve end screen grounding wire is obviously larger than that of the other two phases of the transformer;
step S32, adopting signals of a three-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire to judge the phase of the partial discharge; then extracting the time-frequency characteristic parameters of the collected high-frequency pulse current signals, wherein the time-domain parameters of the time-frequency characteristic parameters comprise: amplitude, arrival time, head wave polarity and equivalent duration; the frequency domain parameters of the time-frequency characteristic parameters comprise: spectrogram, characteristic frequency, signal amplitude and equivalent bandwidth at the frequency.
3. The method for detecting and positioning the high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge in the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S4, mapping the pulse signals measured by the multiple coupling points to a 2D or 3D spatial distribution map, and if the homologous PD or the interference signals are collected in a small-range region in the space and the parameters of different sources are in different regions, separating the characteristic parameters collected in several regions by using an intelligent separation algorithm; and according to the clustering result, eliminating an external interference source of the transformer and determining a partial discharge form.
4. The method for detecting and positioning the high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge in the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, after the external interference source is eliminated, the apparent discharge amount of the discharge pulse signal is corrected by using the multi-conductor transmission line model of the transformer winding according to the transmission function calculated by the model, and the discharge pulse energy E of the winding head and tail ends corresponding to different discharge positions can be calculated in a simulation mannerhv、EendTo obtain the corresponding energy ratio Ehv/EendAnd the energy ratio curve between the energy ratio curve and the discharge position, and the electrical positioning can be realized by substituting the ratio into the relation between the energy ratio and the PD position, so that the accurate measurement of the partial discharge is completed.
5. The method for detecting and positioning the high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge in the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 2, characterized in that: the discharge pulse signal is a response signal obtained by coupling partial discharge signals in the transformer, the energy of the discharge pulse signal is gradually reduced along with the increase of the propagation distance, and the energy ratio curve E is changed along with the change of the discharge position to the direction far away from the head end of the transformer windinghv/EendThe monotone descending trend of the logarithmic relation is presented, so that the position positioning of the discharge point can be reflected by the change rule of the discharge pulse energy detected by the transformer winding multi-coupling point.
6. The method for detecting and positioning the high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge in the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S3, the partial discharge performed by the discharge source is in phase a, so that the amplitude of the signal coupled to the ground line at the end screen of the bushing in phase a is significantly greater than that in phase B, C, and the arrival time is earlier than that of the signal in phase B, C.
7. The high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection and positioning method for the voltage withstand test of the transformer as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: the detection positioning method is used for the field voltage withstanding PD test of the transformer.
8. A high-frequency multi-end partial discharge detection positioning device for a transformer withstand voltage test is used for a high-frequency multi-end partial discharge detection positioning method for the transformer withstand voltage test, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a discharge source arranged in a transformer, and a plurality of high-frequency current sensors which are coupled and connected with a transformer bushing tap grounding wire, a neutral point grounding wire, an oil tank grounding wire and an iron core grounding wire; the high-frequency current sensor is connected with the analysis equipment; when the PD test is carried out by using the partial discharge in the transformer, the high-frequency current sensor couples the partial discharge signal in the transformer to obtain a discharge pulse signal and sends the discharge pulse signal to the analysis equipment.
9. The high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection positioning device for the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 8, characterized in that: the high-frequency current sensor is respectively arranged at a transformer oil tank shell grounding wire (1), an iron core grounding wire (2), a transformer A-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire (3), a transformer B-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire (4), a transformer C-phase sleeve end screen grounding wire (5) and a neutral point grounding wire (6) to form six coupling points.
10. The high-frequency multi-terminal partial discharge detection positioning device for the transformer withstand voltage test according to claim 8, characterized in that: the high-frequency current sensor is a high-frequency band sensor capable of working at 30kHz-50 MHz.
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| CN115236385A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-25 | 国家电网有限公司 | Automatic identification method for waveform polarity of high-frequency pulse current |
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| CN217112573U (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-08-02 | 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-frequency multi-end partial discharge detection positioning device for transformer voltage withstand test |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115236385A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-25 | 国家电网有限公司 | Automatic identification method for waveform polarity of high-frequency pulse current |
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