CN1140219A - Light push-type instrument for surveying longitudinal road section - Google Patents
Light push-type instrument for surveying longitudinal road section Download PDFInfo
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- CN1140219A CN1140219A CN 95107553 CN95107553A CN1140219A CN 1140219 A CN1140219 A CN 1140219A CN 95107553 CN95107553 CN 95107553 CN 95107553 A CN95107553 A CN 95107553A CN 1140219 A CN1140219 A CN 1140219A
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Abstract
A recursion-type light instrument for measuring inequalities of road's longitudinal cross-section is composed of measuring sensor assembly, average equidistant sampling mechanism and recursion calculation unit. Said measuring sensor assembly consists of distance sensor installed on two-point supporting system. In said sampling mechanism, a stepless speed-variation mechanism for middle and low speed or an arithmatic control scheme for middle or high speed is used. The measured data can be used to calculate road inequalities and analyze it, such as power spectrum density (PSD) and international road inequality index (IRI).
Description
1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION (international Patent classificating number: E01C23/01)
The present invention is a kind of road vertical section measurement mechanism (Portable Recursion Road Sur-face Profilometer).Road vertical section measuring instrument is a class important in the road roughness measuring apparatus.Because this quasi-instrument has good amplitude versus frequency characte, so its survey data not only can be used for calculating multiple road roughness index, and can be used for the road pavement unevenness and do the analyticity analysis, as road surface power spectral density PSD, international road roughness index IRI etc.
2. background technology
The measuring instrument relevant with the present invention has the TRRL high speed road surface shape measuring instrument of Britain, the GMR road vertical section measuring instrument of the U.S. and the Road surface level instrument of China etc.
Sensors in highway and civil engineering, ICE, London, 1981 publication articles: Measurement of road surface shape using a laser sensor has introduced TRRL high speed road surface shape measuring instrument; Its measuring mechanism is 4.5 meters long trailers, and one group of 4 laser type range sensor is housed on trailer, is used for carrying out the measurement of road surface single track, the 80km/h that tests the speed, and this instrument high efficiency, high accuracy enjoy high reputation in the world.ResearchPublication GMR-452 Dec.22,1964, reported the GMR instrument at the GNR instrument, and at United States Patent 4,422,322 Dec.27, improve to some extent in 1983; Adopt a noncontact range sensor to be used for carrying out the measurement of road surface single track, it adopts inertial reference, and is different with the principle of the invention.The Road surface level instrument of China (Rolling Straightadge-rolling ruler also is many wheel instrument); It is to adopt eight to take turns the measuring basis of ruler of balance sysmte supporting as servo-actuated, carries out the measurement of road surface single track with a wheel sensor.But its amplitude versus frequency characte can not satisfy the requirement that the road surface analyticity is analyzed, and does not belong to road vertical section measuring instrument class.
3. Fa Ming purpose
Extra fine grade, vertical section, the road surface measurement mechanism of directly measuring are that the road roughness analyticity is analyzed essential equipment.And the size of the equipment of this class, weight are all bigger at present, and the cost height is used and popularized thereby influenced; Especially lack vertical section, road surface light, middle low speed measureing equipment.The objective of the invention is to fill up the blank of vertical section, road surface light, middle low speed measureing equipment.
4. technical scheme of the present invention
The present invention only uses a range sensor, is contained on the supporting system of two-wheeled of certain parameter, constitutes road surface measured sensor assembly; Adopt the average equally spaced method of sampling, and the data of sampling are carried out recursion calculate, obtain the vertical section on road surface.Be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the sensor unit of measuring instrument.Two wheels [2] are housed on sensor unit support [4], and two-wheeled is at a distance of being 2L, and its rolling radius is R.Range sensor [3] is positioned at the centre of two-wheeled, is used for the distance of measuring transducer to the road surface; For just what expression, the lower surface of range sensor is positioned on the tie of two-wheeled core wheel, direction of measurement is perpendicular to the common tangent [1] of two-wheeled, and the distance value of measurement is represented with X.Assembly keeps contacting with ground under the effect of spring strength, and direction of measurement travels in the traction lower edge of draw-gear [5]; Draw-gear can be that motor vehicles also can be manpower walking tractions; Spring and draw-gear be not expression in the drawings.
Fig. 2 is measurement parameter figure.Horizontal datum [1].Vertical section, road surface curve [2].Y
1, Y
2It is known vertical section, road surface height (hereinafter to be referred as the road height) apart from horizontal datum; Its known quantity obtains like this: Y when measuring beginning
1, Y
2Be artificial calibration value, and the Y in measurement
1, Y
2Value is then tried to achieve by recursion design formulas of the present invention.
In order to derive recursion design formulas of the present invention, Parameter Map 2 is reduced to Fig. 3.For the convenience of expressing, the difference in height that has strengthened two core wheels (is Y
1The difference in height of+R and Y+R), do not influence its principle and result of calculation.Work passes through Y
1The straight line [3] of place's core wheel makes it parallel with horizontal datum [1].[3] having cut the base between the tie [2] of line and two wheel core wheels is the right-angled triangle of 2L.By the condition of mapping, Δ and 2 Δs have following relation as can be known:
Δ＝(Y
2＋x)－(Y
1＋R)?????(1)
2Δ＝(Y＋R)－(Y
1＋R)?????(2)
Merge (1), (2) two formulas and put it in order, obtain the recursion design formulas:
Y＝(2Y
2－2R-Y
1)＋2X??????(3)
Because R is a constant, Y
1, Y
2Be known quantity; So the distance value X of sensor measurement has been arranged, just can obtain the high Y in road, when sensor unit along whenever to overtake one when measuring pitch L of direction of measurement, just carry out a data acquisition and obtain new measured value X, substitution (3) formula just can be obtained the high Y in new road, thereby to obtain with the spacing be the high sequence in road of L; The vertical section curve on Here it is road surface.
The error of present analysis mode (3).Examination Fig. 3, Y
1, Y
2Direction and horizontal reference perpendicular, R and X then with Y
1, Y
2Between have angle α=tg
-1(Δ/L) (not shown on the figure).Consider that R and X are projected as Rcos α and Xcos α on Y-axis, be rewritten as following formula to (3) formula:
Y＝(2Y
2－2Rcos－Y
1)＋2Xcosα???(4)
Variable R, X and Rcos α, Xcos α in comparison expression (3), (4), the percent error expression formula that can obtain (3) formula is:
δ＝(R－Rcosα)100％???????????(5)
In 384 road surface longitudinal cutting face data of three grades of asphalt roads of actual measurement, the worst error value is δ max=0.12%, and average error only is δ=0.057% and since error very I to ignore; So make the recursion design formulas, all be available on engineering with (3) formula or (4) formula.(3) formula can generally be expressed as general formula:
Y
i＝(2Y
i-1＋2R－Y
i-2)＋2X
i??????(6)
The equidistant sampling of road cross-sectional data is the condition of (6) formula of deriving.The average equidistantly principle of sampling of the present invention is a known technology (Chinese patent: 85203151); But the technical scheme that is adopted has new development.At first sketch average equidistantly sampling principle.Examination Fig. 4, the road section length of getting interval [a, b] is sampling interval L, and is L '=∮ dl in this interval along the line integral length of road surface, obviously L ' 〉=L; And the length signals of sampling sensor measures by the road surfaces length of curve; Institute thinks that making the sampling interval is L, and the sample mean length that just requires to intercept on the road surfaces curve is spaced apart L '.The actual measurement timing signal is measured the highway section S of a fixed length, and can calculate times of collection is N=S/L, adjusts sampling system and makes it to produce N sampling pulse on this fixed length highway section, Here it is average equidistant sampling principle.
The present invention adopts two kinds of technical schemes to satisfy adjustable requirement of sampling interval.A kind of is mechanical stepless transmission scheme shown in Figure 5, mainly uses in low speed is measured.(Chinese patent: infinitely variable speeds 85203151) is different, is the friction drive wheel of sampling sensor is made the taper cone pulley that becomes diameter with known meter art for it; Sampling sensor assembly [1] is pressed against taper cone pulley [2] at (spring is not shown) under the effect of spring force and measures on the tire [4] that travels, and has formed the frictional drive of sampling.When adjustment sampling sensor assembly [1] is mobile along axis [3], has changed the drive connection of taper cone pulley [2] and measurement traveling tire [4], thereby finished adjustable requirement of sampling interval.Be not defined for the type of the tire [4] of frictional drive, it can be the tire of draw-gear, the tire of measuring transducer, also can be other tire at servicing unit that uses when measurement is travelled.
For the measurement operating mode of middle and high speed, developed a kind of monolithic processor controlled equal interval sampling technology.Below sketch its principle.The operating range impulse generator produces range pulse Δ S; The operating range impulse generator adopts the velocity sensor of the fifth wheel instrument that vehicle speed measuring uses, and this is a kind of conventional equipment, has that take turns on wheel limit, five, the non-multiple product such as plinth that connects; Generally can use.Measure the time interval Δ t of two operating range pulses with single-chip microcomputer system is logical, and calculate and measure the instantaneous velocity V=Δ S/ Δ t that travels.The interval L of known equal interval sampling just can calculate the time interval Δ T=V/L of equal interval sampling, and sends the pulse of equal interval sampling by the requirement of Δ T, thereby has finished the requirement of equal interval sampling.
5. Fa Ming effect: compare with background technology, advantage of the present invention is: light, inexpensive and filled up in, the blank of low speed road vertical section measuring instrument.Some comparative parameters see the following form.
| ???TRRL | ???GMR | Road surface level instrument | The present invention | |
| Precision | One-level | Secondary | Non-profile is not comparable | One-level |
| The size of measuring mechanism, M | 4.5M it is long | Need be contained on the vehicle | Frame dimensions 3.9 * 0.9 * 0.7 | Frame dimensions 1.5 * 0.35 * 0.5 |
| Weight, KG | Heavy | Heavy | ???200～250 | ?????5.2 |
| Km/h tests the speed | ???80 | ???80 | ????10～15 | Walking～40 |
| Measure the mark road | Single track | Single track | Single track | Single track |
| Price | 22～440,000 dollars | Thousands of yuans | ||
Claims (6)
1. one by vehicle or manpower traction's measuring transducer assembly and the device formed by average equal interval sampling mechanism, is used for the road roughness in measurement road vertical section.Its feature only is contained in a range sensor on 2 supporting systems of certain parameter at what, but has constituted the measuring transducer assembly that recursion is calculated; This measuring transducer assembly is averaged equal interval sampling and carries out the Uneven road degrees of data that single track road vertical section is tried to achieve in recursion calculating.
2. according to the regulation of claim 1. about calculating, its calculated characteristics is calculated principle and recursion design formulas in the what recursion.
3. according to the regulation of claim 1., the feature of average equal interval sampling mechanism is at what: in, adopt the infinitely variable speeds scheme that becomes the diameter frictional drive when low, fast; And adopt the s operation control principle in middle and high when speed.
4. according to the regulation of claim 2., its feature of distance measurement sensor is in the what not principle of limit sensor (as machinery, light, sound etc.) and structure (as contactless, contact etc.).
According to claim 1. about measuring the regulation in mark road, its feature is at what: adopt a plurality of measuring transducer total performances can carry out many marks road and measure.
6. according to the pavement of road of the regulation of claim 1.; Its feature is at the generalization of what road surface implication.Its general reference is measurable mats formation and non-Horizon of mating formation; Generally contain highway, airport, vehicle test ground, stadium, square, cross-country road etc.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95107553 CN1140219A (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1995-07-10 | Light push-type instrument for surveying longitudinal road section |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95107553 CN1140219A (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1995-07-10 | Light push-type instrument for surveying longitudinal road section |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1140219A true CN1140219A (en) | 1997-01-15 |
Family
ID=5076378
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95107553 Pending CN1140219A (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1995-07-10 | Light push-type instrument for surveying longitudinal road section |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1140219A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101097172B (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2010-06-23 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Rough road detection system using normalization analysis |
| CN102182136A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2011-09-14 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Road section measuring instrument |
| CN112900210A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 林安齐 | Road flatness detection method and system |
-
1995
- 1995-07-10 CN CN 95107553 patent/CN1140219A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101097172B (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2010-06-23 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Rough road detection system using normalization analysis |
| CN102182136A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2011-09-14 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Road section measuring instrument |
| CN102182136B (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2013-04-10 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Road section measuring instrument |
| CN112900210A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 林安齐 | Road flatness detection method and system |
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