CN114017004B - Deep water oil and gas production shaft simulation test device and test method - Google Patents
Deep water oil and gas production shaft simulation test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114017004B CN114017004B CN202111305742.1A CN202111305742A CN114017004B CN 114017004 B CN114017004 B CN 114017004B CN 202111305742 A CN202111305742 A CN 202111305742A CN 114017004 B CN114017004 B CN 114017004B
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
- E21B37/06—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting, e.g. eliminating, the deposition of paraffins or like substances
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Geophysics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deepwater oil and gas production shaft simulation test device and a test method, wherein the deepwater oil and gas production shaft simulation test device comprises the following steps: a test tube segment system comprising: a test tube and an electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader, wherein the electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader is configured at the inlet end for forming an electric field, a magnetic field, and an ultrasonic field at the inlet end; a gas-liquid circulation system comprising: the gas circulation pump, the liquid circulation pump and the gas-liquid mixer are connected with the mixing outlet end and the inlet end; the exhaust end of the gas circulation pump is communicated with the air inlet end, and the liquid discharge end of the liquid circulation pump is communicated with the liquid inlet end; a multiphase separation system comprising: the gravity separator is characterized in that the inlet end is communicated with the outlet end, the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the liquid circulating pump, and the air outlet end is communicated with the air inlet end of the gas circulating pump; the feeding system is communicated with the inlet end and is used for inputting test liquid into the test tube; and the temperature control system is connected with the test tube and used for adjusting the temperature of the test tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulation test device and a test method for preventing and controlling wellbore hydrate, wax, scale and hydrops in deep water oil gas production, and belongs to the technical field of deep water oil gas and natural gas hydrate development.
Background
The external dependence of crude oil and natural gas in China respectively exceeds 70% and 43%, and the energy supply safety in China is seriously threatened. Although the development of the conventional and unconventional oil gas on land is increased in China, the exhaustion of the oil gas resource on land can not relieve the problem of energy shortage in China. Offshore oil and gas development has become an important means to supplement land oil and gas resource shortages, where deep water areas have a very high specific gravity. 44% of global marine oil and gas resources are distributed in the deepwater zone, and in the last ten years, 70% of global major oil and gas are found from the deepwater zone, and 75% of the top 50% of oversized oil and gas development projects are located in the deepwater zone. The deep water oil gas development well has the characteristics of high pressure and low temperature at a well mouth (near a mud line), high pressure and high temperature at a well bottom, large water yield of the gas well and the like, a high-temperature area at the well bottom faces the risks of scaling and effusion in the oil gas production process, and a low-temperature area at the well mouth faces the risks of hydrate generation and wax precipitation. Meanwhile, similar problems are faced in the hydrate test production well, and although the hydrate reservoir is shallow and does not have a high-temperature production environment, the test production well has larger water yield and longer low-temperature shaft section, and the hydrate test production well faces more serious problems of hydrate and hydrops. Thus, in response to the serious wellbore flow assurance problems in deep water hydrocarbon and hydrate development processes, there is a need to develop devices that can be used to study wellbore hydrate, wax, scale and fluid accumulation risk problems.
At present, the related patents of the patent are as follows: chinese patent CN201310712299 discloses a simulated oil and gas pipeline fluid flow safety evaluation device comprising a multiphase flow circulation system, a separation system, a fluid injection system and an exhaust gas recovery system. The device can be used for simulating the problem of blockage of an oil and gas pipeline caused by hydrate and wax deposition. Chinese patent CN201310561102 discloses a pipeline type gas hydrate generation test apparatus, which comprises a gas-liquid conveying system, a cooling system and a hydrate pipeline generation system. The test device is convenient to operate and low in running cost, and meets the test requirements of hydrate slurry generation and flow rules. Chinese patent 2015108903701 discloses a device for researching a natural gas hydrate prevention and treatment technology in an oil gas conveying pipeline, which comprises a reaction kettle, a gas supply system, a circulating pipeline, a visible section and a cooling system. The test device can be used for researching the actual pipe transportation conditions and the control technology of the natural gas hydrate in the pipe transportation process.
Most of the existing experimental research devices are researched aiming at single hydrate, wax, scale and hydrops problems, but coupling problems can occur in a well bore flow guarantee problem, for example, the problems of hydrate and wax coupling generation and deposition can occur in a low-temperature well bore area, and meanwhile, the scale generated in a high-temperature well bore area can induce hydrate generation in a low-temperature area. Therefore, the device developed for the single flow assurance problem cannot comprehensively reveal the flow risk induction mechanism in the deep water oil gas and hydrate development well bore.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the requirements, the scheme provides the deep water oil and gas production shaft simulation test device which can achieve the technical purposes and bring other multiple technical effects due to the following technical characteristics.
An object of the present invention is to provide a deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device, comprising:
a test tube segment system comprising: a test tube and an electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader, wherein the test tube has an inlet end and an outlet end, the electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader being configured at the inlet end for forming an electric field, a magnetic field and an ultrasonic field at the inlet end;
a gas-liquid circulation system comprising: the gas-liquid mixer is provided with an air inlet end, a liquid inlet end and a mixing outlet end, and the mixing outlet end is communicated with the inlet end; the exhaust end of the gas circulation pump is communicated with the air inlet end, and the liquid discharge end of the liquid circulation pump is communicated with the liquid inlet end;
a multiphase separation system comprising: the gravity separator is provided with an inlet end, an air outlet end and a liquid outlet end, wherein the inlet end is communicated with the outlet end, the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the liquid circulating pump, and the air outlet end is communicated with the air inlet end of the gas circulating pump;
The feeding system is communicated with the inlet end and is used for inputting test liquid into the test tube;
and the temperature control system is connected with the test tube and used for adjusting the temperature of the test tube.
In addition, the deepwater oil and gas production shaft simulation test device provided by the invention can also have the following technical characteristics:
in one example of the present invention, the test tube includes: an inner pipe and an outer pipe sleeved at the outer end of the inner pipe,
a first channel for flowing the test fluid is formed in the inner tube, a second channel for adjusting the temperature of the test fluid is formed between the outer tube and the inner tube, a first inlet end and a first outlet end are arranged at two ends of the first channel, and a second inlet end and a second outlet end are arranged at two ends of the second channel;
wherein the first inlet end is communicated with the mixing outlet end and the feeding system, and the first outlet end is communicated with the inlet end; the second inlet end and the second outlet end are communicated with the temperature control system.
In one example of the present invention, the test tube includes two first and second straight tubes parallel to each other and an auxiliary tube communicating the first and second straight tubes; wherein the inlet end is formed on the first straight tube and the outlet end is formed on the second straight tube.
In one example of the present invention, the temperature control system includes: a heating device and a cooling device,
the heating device and the cooling device are connected in parallel, and a first port and a second port are arranged at two ends of the parallel connection, wherein the first port is communicated with the first inlet end, and the second port is communicated with the first outlet end and is used for adjusting the temperature of the first channel by adjusting the temperature of the second channel.
In one example of the present invention, the gas-liquid circulation system further includes: the heat sink is provided with a heat sink,
the radiator is arranged between the exhaust end of the gas circulation pump and the air inlet end of the gas-liquid mixer and is used for reducing the heat of the gas flow discharged by the exhaust end.
In one example of the present invention, the multiphase separation system further comprises: the cyclone separator is provided with a cyclone separator,
the cyclone separator is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet end, and the air outlet is communicated with the air inlet end.
In one example of the invention, the charging system comprises: the device comprises a preparation tank and a screw pump, wherein the preparation tank is connected with a feeding end of the screw pump, and a discharging end of the screw pump is communicated with the inlet end.
In one example of the present invention, the test device further comprises: an auxiliary system, the auxiliary system comprising:
a vacuum pump assembly disposed between the mixing outlet end and the inlet end;
the gas cylinder is communicated with the gas inlet end of the gas circulating pump and the gas outlet end of the gravity separator.
The invention further aims at providing a deepwater oil and gas production shaft simulation test method, which comprises the following steps:
s10: opening a gas circulation pump in the gas-liquid circulation system, pumping air into the test device, enabling the air to flow in the test device, and drying the test device;
s20: after the test device is dried, the test device is closed, a vacuum pump assembly of an auxiliary system is opened, air in the test device is exhausted, and the vacuum state is maintained;
s30: standing the test device for a period of time, opening a gas cylinder to introduce test gas into the test device after no leakage is determined, and stopping gas injection after the gas pressure in the test device is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure;
s40: opening a temperature control system, wherein when the test device performs a hydrate-related test, the temperature reduction device is opened; when the test device performs wax and scale related tests, the heating device is turned on;
S50: the temperature of test liquid in a preparation tank of the feeding system is regulated, after the temperature of the test liquid is regulated to be close to the test target temperature, a gas cylinder is opened to be filled with test gas, and when the pressure in a test device reaches about half of the test pressure, a screw pump of the feeding system is started, and the test liquid is pumped into a gravity separator through a test tube; in the process, the pumped test liquid compresses the gas in the loop, so that the pressure in the test device rises, and finally the test pressure is reached;
s60: when the temperature and the pressure in the test device reach the test requirements, firstly starting the gas circulation pump, and after the gas flow rate is constant in the test device, starting the liquid circulation pump, and reaching the gas-liquid flow rate required by the test;
s70: the test device performs corresponding test operation:
when the related test of hydrate and wax deposition is carried out, the temperature of the test tube is continuously reduced, the pressure is kept unchanged, when the temperature is lower than the equilibrium temperature of the hydrate and wax phases, the hydrate and wax are generated, the test of the hydrate and wax generation is started, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded in real time; as the hydrate and wax concentrations continue to rise, the hydrate and wax change multiphase flow morphology and begin to form deposits, and the flow test of hydrate and wax deposits begins until the hydrate and wax plug the test tube and the test stops;
When a scale related test is carried out, the temperature of the test tube is continuously increased, and the pressure is kept unchanged; when the temperature is higher than the balance temperature of the scale phase, the scale starts to be generated, a scale generation test starts, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded; the scale concentration continues to rise, the scale changes the multiphase flow morphology and starts to form a deposit, the flow law test of the scale deposit starts until the scale blocks the test tube or the scale stops generating, and the test stops.
In one example of the present invention, during the test operation of the test device, the method further comprises the steps of: when the action mechanism of the inhibitor on the generation and deposition of the solid phase particles is required to be evaluated, a feeding system can be started at each stage of the generation, deposition and blockage of the solid phase particles, the injection process of the inhibitor in the deep water oil gas development process is simulated, and the control effect of different types of inhibitors on hydrates, waxes and scales is evaluated.
Preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating some embodiments of the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the inlet or outlet end of a test tube according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader (electric field and ultrasonic field) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader (ultrasonic field) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
a test device 100;
testing the pipe section system 10;
a test tube 11;
a first straight pipe 111;
a first pressure sensor 1111;
a fourth temperature sensor 1112;
a second pressure sensor 1113;
a second straight tube 112;
a third pressure sensor 1121;
a fifth temperature sensor 1122;
a fourth pressure sensor 1123;
an auxiliary pipe 113;
a transparent window 114;
a high-speed camera 115;
a focused beam reflectometer 116;
a real-time particle size analysis system 117;
an inlet end 11A;
an outlet end 11B;
an inner tube 110A;
an outer tube 110B;
a first channel 110C;
a second channel 110D;
an electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader 12;
an electrostatic field generator 121;
a cathode 1211;
an anode 1212;
an ultrasonic generator 122;
A vibrating bar 1221;
an electromagnetic generator 123;
a coil 1231;
a gas-liquid circulation system 20;
a gas-liquid mixer 21;
an air inlet end 211;
a liquid inlet end 212;
a mixing outlet end 213;
a gas circulation pump 22;
an air inlet end 221;
an exhaust end 222;
a heat sink 223;
a first ball valve 224;
a first check valve 225;
a first gas mass flow meter 226;
a first pressure reducing valve 227;
a first temperature sensor 228;
a second temperature sensor 229;
a liquid circulation pump 23;
a liquid inlet end 231;
a drain end 232;
a second ball valve 233;
a second one-way valve 234;
a second pressure reducing valve 235;
a third temperature sensor 236;
a multiphase separation system 30;
a gravity separator 31;
an inlet end 311;
an outlet end 312;
a liquid outlet end 313;
a first on-off valve 314;
a cyclone separator 32;
an air inlet 321;
an exhaust port 322;
a second on-off valve 323;
a third on-off valve 324;
a charging system 40;
a preparation tank 41;
a sixth temperature sensor 411;
a screw pump 42;
a temperature control system 50;
a heating device 51;
a cooling device 52;
a first port 501;
a second port 502;
an auxiliary system 60;
a vacuum pump assembly 61;
a third pressure reducing valve 611;
a gas cylinder 62.
Description of the embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of specific embodiments of the present invention. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like parts. It should be noted that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but are used for distinguishing between different elements. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also be changed when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed.
A deepwater oil and gas production wellbore simulation test apparatus 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises:
A test tube segment system 10 comprising: a test tube 11 and an electro-magneto-ultrasonic field loader 12, wherein the test tube 11 has an inlet end 11A and an outlet end 11B, said electro-magneto-ultrasonic field loader 12 being arranged at said inlet end 11A for forming electric, magnetic and ultrasonic fields at said inlet end 11A;
a gas-liquid circulation system 20 comprising: a gas-liquid mixer 21, a gas circulation pump 22, and a liquid circulation pump 23, wherein the gas-liquid mixer 21 has an intake end 211, a liquid intake end 212, and a mixing outlet end 213, the mixing outlet end 213 being in communication with the inlet end 11A; an exhaust end 222 of the gas circulation pump 22 is communicated with the air inlet end 211, and a liquid discharge end 232 of the liquid circulation pump 23 is communicated with the liquid inlet end 212;
a multiphase separation system 30 comprising: a gravity separator 31, wherein the gravity separator 31 has an inlet end 311, an outlet end 312, and a liquid outlet end 313, the inlet end 311 is in communication with the outlet end 11B, the liquid outlet end 313 is in communication with the liquid inlet end 231 of the liquid circulation pump 23, and the outlet end 312 is in communication with the gas inlet end 221 of the gas circulation pump 22;
a feeding system 40, which is communicated with the inlet end 11A and is used for inputting test liquid into the test tube 11; for example, the test liquid may be one of water, white oil, diesel, ethylene glycol, methanol.
And the temperature control system 50 is connected with the test tube 11 and is used for adjusting the temperature of the test tube 11.
In the deep water oil gas production wellbore simulation test device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, firstly, after the test device 100 is ensured to be dried, the test device 100 is closed, and air in the test device 100 is discharged and kept in a vacuum state; standing the test device 100 for a period of time, after no leakage is determined, introducing test gas into the device, and stopping gas injection after the gas pressure in the test device 100 is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure; then, the temperature control system 50 is turned on, wherein the cooling function is turned on when the test apparatus 100 performs the hydrate-related test, and the heating function is turned on when the test apparatus 100 performs the wax and scale-related test; then, the temperature of the test liquid of the feeding system 40 and the pressure of the test device 100 are regulated so that the pressure and the temperature in the test device 100 reach the test requirements; secondly, firstly starting the gas circulation pump 22, and after the gas flow rate is constant in the test device 100, starting the liquid circulation pump 23, and reaching the gas-liquid flow rate required by the test; finally, the test apparatus 100 performs a test operation: when the related test of hydrate and wax deposition is carried out, the temperature of the test tube 11 is continuously reduced, the pressure is kept unchanged, when the temperature is lower than the equilibrium temperature of the hydrate and wax phases, the hydrate and wax are generated, the test of the hydrate and wax generation is started, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded in real time; as the hydrate and wax concentrations continue to rise, the hydrate and wax changes multiphase flow morphology and begins to form deposits, and the flow test of hydrate and wax deposits begins until the hydrate and wax plug test tube 11 and the test stops; when the scale-related test is performed, the temperature of the test tube 11 is continuously increased, and the pressure is kept unchanged; when the temperature is higher than the balance temperature of the scale phase, the scale starts to be generated, a scale generation test starts, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded; the scale concentration is continuously increased, the scale changes the multiphase flow form and starts to form sediment, and the flow rule test of the scale sediment is started until the scale blocks the test tube 11 or the scale stops generating, and the test is stopped; the test device 100 can perform experiments of coupling generation, deposition, decomposition, distribution characteristics and flow characteristics of hydrate, wax and scale under the conditions of bubble flow, annular fog flow, stirring flow and plug flow of the gas-liquid two-phase of the test tube 11 in a vertical state, and can be used for researching the problem of hydrate, wax and scale generation and deposition by installing the electro-magnetic-ultrasonic wave field loader 12.
By adding the electro-magnetic-ultrasonic wave field loader 12, the influence of electrostatic fields, electromagnetic fields and ultrasonic wave fields on the generation, deposition and flow rules of hydrates, waxes and scales in multiphase flow can be studied; by changing the power of the gas circulation pump 22 and the liquid circulation pump 23, bubble flow, plug flow, stirring flow, annular fog flow and other flow patterns are shown in the test tube 11, and the generation and deposition characteristics and flow characteristics of hydrates, wax and scale under different oil gas production working conditions can be studied; the deposition and flow laws of wax-scale, wax-hydrate, scale-hydrate, wax-scale-hydrate coupling formation can be studied from high temperature to low temperature by changing the temperature state in the test tube 11; by adding the charging system 40, the influence of hydrate, wax and scale inhibitor injection in a shaft on solid phase particle generation deposition and multiphase flow rules in the deepwater oil and gas production process can be studied. When the mechanism of the inhibitor on the solid phase particle generation and deposition needs to be evaluated, the feeding system 40 can be started at each stage of the solid phase particle generation, deposition and blockage, the injection process of the inhibitor in the deep water oil gas development process is simulated, and the control effect of different types of inhibitors on hydrates, waxes and scales is evaluated.
It will be appreciated that the electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader 12 is a custom nipple of the same inside diameter as the test tube 11 section, mounted to the inlet end 11A of the test tube 11 section, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. The loader comprises an electrostatic field generator 121, an electromagnetic generator 123 and an ultrasonic field generator 122. The electrostatic field loading system comprises a cathode 1211 metal sheet, an anode 1212 metal sheet and an electrostatic field generator 121, wherein the cathode 1211 metal sheet and the anode 1212 metal sheet are arranged in the nipple and are arranged at two ends of the inner wall of the nipple in parallel; the electromagnetic field loading system comprises an electromagnetic coil 1231 and an electromagnetic field generator, wherein the electromagnetic coil 1231 is uniformly wound on the outer wall of the short section, and the winding density is determined according to the test requirement; the ultrasonic field loading system comprises an ultrasonic generating rod (a vibration rod 1221) and an ultrasonic generator 122, wherein the ultrasonic vibration rod 1221 is arranged at the center of the inlet of the short joint and is parallel to the pipe wall and fixed by welding a metal rod.
In one example of the present invention, the test tube 11 includes: an inner tube 110A and an outer tube 110B sleeved on the outer end of the inner tube 110A,
a first channel 110C for flowing the test fluid is formed in the inner tube 110A, a second channel 110D for adjusting the temperature of the test fluid is formed between the outer tube 110B and the inner tube 110A, a first inlet end and a first outlet end are configured at two ends of the first channel 110C, and a second inlet end and a second outlet end are configured at two ends of the second channel 110D;
Wherein the first inlet end is in communication with the mixing outlet end 213 and the charging system 40, and the first outlet end is in communication with the inlet end 311; the second inlet and outlet ports are in communication with the temperature control system 50;
that is, the inlet port 11A includes a first inlet port and a second inlet port, and the outlet port 11B includes a first outlet port and a second outlet port, which are independent of each other, and are respectively communicated with the outside, i.e., the first inlet port is communicated with the mixing outlet port 213 and the charging system 40, and the first outlet port is communicated with the inlet port 311; the first outlet end and the second outlet end are independent from each other, and are respectively communicated with the outside, namely, the second inlet end and the second outlet end are communicated with the temperature control system 50; the first channel 110C is used for flowing the test fluid, the second channel 110D is in communication with the temperature control system 50, and the temperature of the test fluid in the first channel 110C is regulated by the second channel 110D, and the first channel 110C and the second channel 110D are independent from each other, so that the temperature control system 50 can be conveniently regulated by the design structure.
It should be noted that, the inner tube 110A and the outer tube 110B are formed by splicing a plurality of tube structures through flanges, so that the assembly mode is convenient for processing and transportation.
In one example of the present invention, the test tube 11 includes two first and second straight tubes 111 and 112 parallel to each other and an auxiliary tube 113 communicating the first and second straight tubes 111 and 112; wherein the inlet end 11A is formed on the first straight pipe 111, and the outlet end 11B is formed on the second straight pipe 112;
that is, the first straight tube 111, the second straight tube 112 and the auxiliary tube 113 are two-layered tubes, that is, each composed of the inner tube 110A and the outer tube 110B, and the shape of the test tube 11 is designed into the above-mentioned U-shaped structure in order to reduce the space occupied by the test tube 11. It should be noted that the test tube 11 may be placed horizontally or may be placed with adjustment between horizontal and vertical.
In one example of the present invention, transparent windows 114 are disposed on both the first straight tube 111 and the second straight tube 112, for observing the multiphase flow law of the test liquid in the test tube 11;
for example, an opening may be formed in the outer tube 110B, and a viewing tube may be fitted into the opening and isolated from the second channel 110D, the viewing tube extending toward the inner tube 110A and being connected to the wall of the inner tube 110A, thereby forming the transparent window 114; of course, the inner tube 110A is also a transparent tube for convenient observation;
For another example, a transparent short pipe is installed on the inner pipe 110A, and the transparent short pipe is used for observing the flow rule of the test liquid in the inner pipe 110A, and at this time, the outer pipe 110B outside the section does not completely cover the inner pipe 110A, that is, the outer pipes 110B on two sides of the transparent short pipe are communicated through part of the pipeline;
in order to facilitate observation through the transparent window 114, a high-speed camera 115 is provided at one side of the transparent window 114 for observing and recording data of multiphase flow patterns of the test liquid in the test tube 11.
In one example of the present invention, a first pressure sensor 1111 and a fourth temperature sensor 1112 are mounted on the first straight tube 111 for measuring the pressure and temperature of the test liquid in the first straight tube 111; a second pressure sensor 1113 and a fifth temperature sensor 1122 are mounted on the second straight pipe 112 for measuring the pressure and temperature of the test liquid inside the second straight pipe 112. It should be noted that, a third pressure sensor 1121 and a fourth pressure sensor 1123 are further disposed on the first straight pipe 111 and the second straight pipe 112, respectively, wherein the first pressure sensor 1111 and the third pressure sensor 1121 are disposed at two ends of the first straight pipe 111, and the second pressure sensor 1113 and the fourth pressure sensor 1123 are disposed at two ends of the second straight pipe 112, respectively.
In one example of the present invention, the temperature control system 50 includes: a heating device 51 and a cooling device 52,
the heating device 51 and the cooling device 52 are connected in parallel, and have a first port 501 and a second port 502 at two ends connected in parallel, wherein the first port 501 is communicated with the second inlet end, and the second port 502 is communicated with the second outlet end, for adjusting the temperature of the first channel 110C by adjusting the temperature of the second channel 110D.
The heating device 51 is a precise constant-temperature oil bath and is mainly used for heating the test fluid in the test tube 11 to participate in multiphase flow tests about wax precipitation and scaling; the cooling device 52 comprises an industrial water chiller and a precise constant-temperature water bath, wherein the industrial water chiller has high power and cooling speed, and the precise constant-temperature water bath has low power and high temperature control precision; the cooling system connects the industrial water chiller and the precise constant temperature water bath in series through an auxiliary pipe 113 line, so that the purpose of rapidly cooling the test tube 11 can be achieved;
specifically, when the temperature control system 50 realizes the heating function, the precise constant temperature oil bath is opened, the industrial chiller and the precise constant temperature water bath are closed, so that the hot oil flows from the first port 501 to the second inlet end and enters the second channel 110D between the outer tube 110B and the inner tube 110A, and finally flows back to the heating device 51 from the second outlet end, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the test fluid in the first channel 110C; when the temperature control system 50 realizes the cooling function, the industrial chiller and the precise constant-temperature water bath are opened, the precise constant-temperature oil bath is closed, so that cooling water flows from the first port 501 to the second inlet end and enters the second channel 110D between the outer tube 110B and the inner tube 110A, and finally flows back to the heating device 51 from the second outlet end, thereby realizing the purpose of cooling the test fluid in the first channel 110C.
In one example of the present invention, the test tube 11 is further mounted with a focused beam reflectometer 116 and a real-time particle size analysis system 117 for measuring a test fluid;
for example, a slot is formed in the second straight tube 112 of the test tube 11 for mounting a focused beam reflectometer 116 and a real-time particle size analysis system 117.
In one example of the present invention, the gas-liquid circulation system 20 further includes: the heat sink 223 is provided with a heat sink,
the radiator 223 is disposed between the exhaust end 222 of the gas circulation pump 22 and the intake end 211 of the gas-liquid mixer 21, for reducing the heat of the gas flow discharged from the exhaust end 222;
for example, the heat sink 223 is an aluminum fin type heat sink, which is used to reduce the temperature raised after the gas is compressed, improve the cooling effect of the test device 100, and optimize the energy consumption.
Of course, in one example of the present invention, the gas-liquid circulation system 20 further includes: the first ball valve 224, the first one-way valve 225, the first gas mass flowmeter 226, the first pressure reducing valve 227, the first temperature sensor 228 and the second temperature sensor 229, wherein the first ball valve 224 is installed at the gas inlet end 221 of the gas circulation pump 22, and the first one-way valve 225 is installed at the gas outlet end 222 of the gas circulation pump 22, so as to ensure that the gas flow direction can only be from the gas circulation pump 22 to the gas-liquid mixer 21; the first gas mass flowmeter 226 is installed at the first ball valve 224 and the gas inlet end 221, and is used for measuring the flow rate of gas, and meanwhile, a first temperature sensor 228 for measuring the temperature is also arranged between the first ball valve 224 and the gas inlet end 221; a first pressure reducing valve 227 and a second temperature sensor 229 for measuring the temperature of the gas are further disposed between the radiator 223 and the gas-liquid mixer 21; the measuring instrument can be used for effectively measuring the parameters of the gas.
In one example of the present invention, the gas-liquid circulation system 20 further includes: the second ball valve 233, the second one-way valve 234, the second pressure reducing valve 235 and the third temperature sensor 236, wherein the second ball valve 233 is arranged at the liquid inlet end 231 of the liquid circulation pump 23, and the second one-way valve 234 is arranged at the liquid outlet end 232 of the liquid circulation pump 23, so as to ensure that the liquid flow direction can only be from the liquid circulation pump 23 to the gas-liquid mixer 21; meanwhile, a third temperature sensor 236 and a second pressure reducing valve 235 for measuring temperature are also disposed between the liquid discharge end 232 and the gas-liquid mixer 21; the measuring instrument can be used for effectively measuring the parameters of the liquid.
In one example of the present invention, the multiphase separation system 30 further comprises: the cyclone separator 32 is provided with a cyclone separator,
the cyclone separator 32 has an air inlet 321 and an air outlet 322, the air inlet 321 is communicated with the air outlet 312, and the air outlet 322 is communicated with the air inlet 221;
that is, the cyclone 32 separates solid particles or liquid droplets in the air flow discharged from the air outlet 322 of the gravity separator 31 by using centrifugal force, so that the air entering the air inlet 221 of the air circulation pump 22 is purer, which is beneficial to the accuracy of the test device 100.
It should be noted that, to facilitate the on-off operation of the multiphase separation system 30, a first on-off valve 314 is disposed at the inlet end of the gravity separator, and a second on-off valve 323 and a third on-off valve 324 are disposed at the inlet 321 and the outlet 322 ends of the cyclone separator 32.
In one example of the present invention, the loading system 40 includes: the preparation tank 41 and the screw pump 42, wherein the preparation tank 41 is connected with the feeding end of the screw pump 42, and the discharging end of the screw pump 42 is communicated with the inlet end 11A;
the feeding system 40 is mainly used for simulating the injection of hydrate inhibitor, wax inhibitor and scale remover into the test tube 11 of the deep water oil and gas development well, namely simulating the influence of the injection of test liquid on multiphase flow rules and solid phase generation deposition rules in the deep water oil and gas production process. Second, the loading system 40 may also be used for injection of liquid phase during the test operation.
In short, the screw pump 42 may deliver test liquid in the formulation tank 41 to the inlet end 11A of the test tube 11, thereby facilitating simulation of wellbore hydrates, waxes, scale, etc. within the inner tube 110A.
A sixth temperature sensor 411 for measuring the temperature of the formulation tank 41 is also installed in the formulation tank 41.
In one example of the present invention, the test device 100 further includes: an auxiliary system 60, the auxiliary system 60 comprising:
a vacuum pump assembly 61 disposed between the mixing outlet end 213 and the inlet end 11A;
a gas cylinder 62 in communication with the gas inlet 221 of the gas circulation pump 22 and the gas outlet 312 of the gravity separator 31;
the vacuum pump assembly 61 includes: the vacuum pump, the buffer bottle and the third ball valve are sequentially connected, wherein the buffer bottle is used for buffering the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture, the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the inside of the test device 100, and the gas bottle 62 is used for storing test gas, and the test gas can be one of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane and propane, for example.
It should be noted that the auxiliary system 60 further includes: a third pressure reducing valve 611 installed at the outlet of the gas cylinder 62 for reducing the pressure of the gas discharged from the gas cylinder 62.
The specific process is as follows: after the test device 100 is dried, the test device 100 is closed, a vacuum pump of the auxiliary system 60 is turned on, and the air in the test device 100 is exhausted and kept in a vacuum state; after the test device 100 is left to stand for a period of time and no leakage is determined, the gas cylinder 62 is opened to allow test gas to flow into the device, and gas injection is stopped after the gas pressure in the test device 100 is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure.
In one example of the present invention, the gas-liquid mixer 21 includes: the container, inside prescribing a limit to mix the chamber, just be provided with on the container with mix chamber be linked together inlet end 211, feed liquor end 212 and mix the exit end 213, wherein, still dispose many spinal branchs pole in mixing the intracavity for increase the efficiency that the gas-liquid mixes.
According to the deepwater oil and gas production shaft simulation test device 100, firstly, the test device 100 is the test device 100 established for four flow assurance problems of hydrate, wax, scale and effusion of the deepwater oil and gas shaft, a temperature control area spans a low-temperature and high-temperature area, and compared with the existing device established for single problems of hydrate, wax and the like of an oil and gas pipeline, the test device 100 is more comprehensive and reliable under the condition of only low temperature. Meanwhile, the angle of the test tube 11 can be adjusted from horizontal (180 degrees) to vertical (90 degrees); secondly, the test device 100 is provided with a gas heat dissipation device, such as an aluminum fin type radiator 223, at the exhaust end 222 of the gas circulation pump 22, so that the problem of temperature rise of the device caused by heat release of the gas circulation pump 22 is avoided, and the energy consumption of the temperature control system 50 can be effectively reduced; moreover, the refrigeration equipment of the temperature control system 50 is modified into a mode of combining the industrial water chiller with the accurate constant-temperature water bath, so that the advantages of high power, low energy consumption, accurate temperature control of the accurate constant-temperature water bath and good stability of the industrial water chiller are effectively utilized, the cooling capacity of the test tube 11 is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cooling time and the test time of the device are shortened; furthermore, the test device 100 is additionally provided with an electrostatic-electromagnetic-ultrasonic wave field loader, so that the influence of various physical fields on hydrate, wax and scale generation and deposition can be studied; finally, the test device 100 is additionally provided with the charging system 40, so that the working condition of injecting test liquids such as hydrate inhibitor, wax inhibitor, scale inhibitor and the like into a shaft in the deep water oil and gas production process can be simulated, the device can be used for evaluating various effects for preventing and treating the test liquids such as hydrate, wax and scale in a flowing state, and the test is closer to the actual working condition on site. The method changes the traditional method of evaluating the inhibitor through a static reaction kettle or a stirring reaction kettle, the test result of the traditional method is more conservative, the influence of the inhibitor on the generation of solid-phase particles can only be evaluated, and the influence of the inhibitor on the deposition of the solid-phase particles can not be evaluated.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for simulating a deep water oil and gas production shaft comprises the following steps:
s10: turning on the gas circulation pump 22 in the gas-liquid circulation system 20, pumping air into the test apparatus 100 and causing the air to flow in the test apparatus 100, and drying the test apparatus 100;
s20: after the test device 100 is dried, the test device 100 is closed, the vacuum pump assembly 61 of the auxiliary system 60 is opened, and the air in the test device 100 is exhausted and kept in a vacuum state;
s30: standing the test device 100 for a period of time, opening the gas cylinder 62 to introduce test gas into the test device after no leakage is determined, and stopping gas injection after the gas pressure in the test device 100 is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure;
s40: turning on the temperature control system 50, wherein the cooling device 52 is turned on when the test device 100 performs a hydrate-related test; when the test device 100 performs a wax and scale related test, the heating device 51 is turned on;
s50: the temperature of the test liquid in the preparation tank 41 of the feeding system 40 is regulated, after the temperature of the test liquid is regulated to be close to the test target temperature, a gas cylinder 62 is opened to be filled with the test gas, when the pressure in the test device 100 reaches about half of the test pressure, a screw pump 42 of the feeding system 40 is started, and the test liquid is pumped into the gravity separator 31 from the test tube 11; in this process, the pumped test liquid compresses the gas in the loop, so that the pressure in the test device 100 rises, and finally the test pressure is reached;
S60: when the temperature and the pressure in the test device 100 reach the test requirements, firstly starting the gas circulation pump 22, and after the gas flow rate is constant in the test device 100, starting the liquid circulation pump 23, and reaching the gas flow rate required by the test; preferably, the temperature working range of the test device 100 is-20 ℃ to 150 ℃, the working pressure range is 0.1MPa to 10MPa, the liquid flow rate range is 0m/s to 8m/s, and the gas flow rate range is 15m/s under the condition of 10MPa of the ambient pressure.
S70: the test device 100 performs the corresponding test operation:
when the related test of hydrate and wax deposition is carried out, the temperature of the test tube 11 is continuously reduced, the pressure is kept unchanged, when the temperature is lower than the equilibrium temperature of the hydrate and wax phases, the hydrate and wax are generated, the test of the hydrate and wax generation is started, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded in real time; as the hydrate and wax concentrations continue to rise, the hydrate and wax changes multiphase flow morphology and begins to form deposits, and the flow test of hydrate and wax deposits begins until the hydrate and wax plug test tube 11 and the test stops;
when the scale-related test is performed, the temperature of the test tube 11 is continuously increased, and the pressure is kept unchanged; when the temperature is higher than the balance temperature of the scale phase, the scale starts to be generated, a scale generation test starts, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded; the scale concentration is continuously increased, the scale changes the multiphase flow form and starts to form sediment, and the flow rule test of the scale sediment is started until the scale blocks the test tube 11 or the scale stops generating, and the test is stopped;
S80: when the action mechanism of the inhibitor on the generation and deposition of the solid phase particles needs to be evaluated, the feeding system 40 can be started at each stage of the generation, deposition and blockage of the solid phase particles, the injection process of the inhibitor in the deep water oil gas development process is simulated, and the control effect of different types of inhibitors on the hydrate, wax and scale is evaluated;
s90: after the related test of the hydrate and the wax is stopped, the cooling function of the temperature control system 50 is required to be stopped, and the heating function is started to dissolve the hydrate and the wax sediment in the test tube 11 until all solid phase particles are dissolved, then the gas and the liquid in the device are discharged, and the test device 100 is cleaned and dried; when the scale-related test is stopped, it is necessary to turn on the charging system 40 to inject the scale remover, and turn on the temperature raising means of the temperature control system 50, the heating means 51, and the gas and liquid in the discharging means until all the scale is dissolved, and clean and dry the test apparatus 100.
By the above-described test apparatus 100 and test method, the present invention can perform the following tests:
(1) Gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow rule test
The gas-liquid-solid distribution characteristics, the flow pattern characteristics and the pressure drop change rules in the test tube 11 are different under the conditions of different temperatures, pressures, gas-liquid flow rates and sand volume fractions. The device can control temperature, pressure, gas-liquid flow rate and solid content, can observe the gas-liquid-solid distribution characteristics and flow pattern characteristics in the section 11 of the test tube through the PVC transparent nipple, can obtain test data such as temperature, pressure, gas-liquid flow rate, pressure drop and the like through the measuring system and the data acquisition system, and can study the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow law by analyzing.
(2) Hydrate generation, deposition, decomposition, distribution characteristic and flow characteristic test under gas-liquid two-phase flow environment
The low-temperature controllable region of the test device 100 is-20-15 ℃, the pressure controllable region is 0.1-10 MPa, and the temperature and pressure conditions of hydrate generation requirements are met. The device can study the hydrate generation rule under the multi-flow type multiphase flow environment of bubble flow, stirring flow, plug flow, annular mist flow and the like by reducing the temperature of the test tube 11, improving the pressure and changing the gas-liquid flow rate; the gas supply quantity is increased, the generation of hydrate is continued, and the deposition, distribution characteristic and flow characteristic under the multiphase flow environment can be studied; after the hydrate inhibitor is injected or the temperature of the test tube 11 is raised, the hydrate starts to decompose, so that the hydrate decomposition rule under the multiphase flow environment can be studied.
(3) Wax and scale formation, deposition, decomposition, distribution characteristics and flow characteristics test under gas-liquid two-phase flow environment
The low-temperature controllable area of the test device 100 is 40-150 ℃, the pressure controllable area is 0.1-10 MPa, and the temperature and pressure conditions of wax and scale crystallization requirements are met. The device can study the crystallization rule of wax and scale in multi-phase flow environments of bubble flow, stirring flow, plug flow breaking, annular mist flow and the like by increasing the temperature of the test tube 11 and changing the pressure and the gas-liquid flow rate; the wax and the scale are continuously crystallized, so that the deposition, the distribution characteristic and the flow characteristic under the multiphase flow environment can be studied; after the wax inhibitor or the scale inhibitor is injected, the wax and the scale begin to dissolve, so that the dissolution rule of the wax and the scale in the multiphase flow environment can be studied.
(4) Hydrate, wax and scale formation deposition test under influence of multiple physical fields
The test device 100 is provided with an electrostatic-electromagnetic-ultrasonic field loading system, and can study the generation, deposition and flow characteristics of hydrate, wax and scale under the influence of a single physical field by starting a single electrostatic field, an electromagnetic field or an ultrasonic field; hydrate, wax and scale formation, deposition and flow characteristics under the influence of multiple physical fields can also be studied by simultaneously switching on two or three physical fields.
(5) Dual solid phase particle coupling generation, deposition, distribution characteristics and flow characteristic test under gas-liquid two-phase flow
The test device 100 researches the crystallization rule of wax and scale by performing a high-temperature test; and then carrying out a low-temperature test and carrying out hydrate generation, deposition, distribution characteristics and flow characteristics under the influence of wax, scale or sand so as to achieve the purpose of researching double solid-phase particle coupling generation, deposition, distribution characteristics and flow characteristics.
(6) Evaluation test of hydrate, wax and scale inhibitor in deep water oil and gas production well bore
The test apparatus 100 is provided with a charging system 40, and on the basis of hydrate, wax, scale formation, deposition and flow tests, the temperature of the charging system 40 is controlled so that the temperature of the injection agent in the charging system 40 is equal to that of the test tube 11, and the influence of the temperature on the phase state of solid-phase particles, particularly the hydrate, is avoided. The charging system 40 is started, the solid-phase particle test liquid (hydrate, wax and scale) is injected, the injection process of the test liquid in the deep water oil and gas production process is simulated, and the control effect of the test liquid on the solid-phase particles is researched and evaluated.
The exemplary implementation of the deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device 100 according to the present invention has been described in detail hereinabove with reference to preferred embodiments, however, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations may be made to the specific embodiments described above and that various combinations of the technical features and structures of the present invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A deepwater oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device, comprising:
test tube segment system (10), comprising: a test tube (11) and an electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader (12), wherein the test tube (11) has an inlet end (11A) and an outlet end (11B), the electro-magnetic-ultrasonic field loader (12) being arranged at the inlet end (11A) for forming an electric field, a magnetic field and an ultrasonic field at the inlet end (11A); wherein the test tube (11) comprises: the device comprises an inner pipe (110A) and an outer pipe (110B) sleeved at the outer end of the inner pipe (110A), wherein a first channel (110C) for testing fluid flow is formed in the inner pipe (110A), and a second channel (110D) for adjusting the temperature of the testing fluid is formed between the outer pipe (110B) and the inner pipe (110A);
A gas-liquid circulation system (20) comprising: a gas-liquid mixer (21), a gas circulation pump (22) and a liquid circulation pump (23), wherein the gas-liquid mixer (21) is provided with an air inlet end (211), a liquid inlet end (212) and a mixing outlet end (213), and the mixing outlet end (213) is communicated with the inlet end (11A); an exhaust end (222) of the gas circulation pump (22) is communicated with the air inlet end (211), and a liquid discharge end (232) of the liquid circulation pump (23) is communicated with the liquid inlet end (212); the gas-liquid circulation system (20) further includes: a radiator (223), wherein the radiator (223) is configured between an exhaust end (222) of the gas circulation pump (22) and an air inlet end (211) of the gas-liquid mixer (21) and is used for reducing the heat of a gas flow exhausted by the exhaust end (222);
multiphase separation system (30), comprising: a gravity separator (31), wherein the gravity separator (31) has an inlet end (311), an outlet end (312) and a liquid outlet end (313), the inlet end (311) is communicated with the outlet end (11B), the liquid outlet end (313) is communicated with a liquid inlet end (231) of the liquid circulation pump (23), and the outlet end (312) is communicated with a gas inlet end (221) of the gas circulation pump (22);
A feeding system (40) in communication with the inlet end (11A) for feeding test liquid to the test tube (11);
a temperature control system (50) connected with the test tube (11) for adjusting the temperature of the test tube (11); the temperature control system (50) includes: heating device (51) and heat sink (52), heating device (51) with heat sink (52) are parallelly connected each other, and have first port (501) and second port (502) at its parallelly connected both ends, wherein, second passageway (110D) both ends configuration have second entrance point and second exit point, first port (501) are linked together with the second entrance point, second port (502) are linked together with the second exit point for adjust the temperature of first passageway (110C) through adjusting the temperature of second passageway (110D).
2. The deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a casing,
the two ends of the first channel (110C) are provided with a first inlet end and a first outlet end, and the two ends of the second channel (110D) are provided with a second inlet end and a second outlet end;
Wherein the first inlet end is in communication with the mixing outlet end (213) and the charging system (40), the first outlet end being in communication with the inlet end (311); the second inlet end and the second outlet end are in communication with the temperature control system (50).
3. The deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein the device comprises a casing,
the test tube (11) comprises a first straight tube (111) and a second straight tube (112) which are parallel to each other and an auxiliary tube (113) which is communicated with the first straight tube (111) and the second straight tube (112); wherein the inlet end (11A) is formed on the first straight pipe (111), and the outlet end (11B) is formed on the second straight pipe (112).
4. The deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a casing,
the multiphase separation system (30) further comprises: a cyclone separator (32),
the cyclone separator (32) is provided with an air inlet (321) and an air outlet (322), the air inlet (321) is communicated with the air outlet end (312), and the air outlet (322) is communicated with the air inlet end (221).
5. The deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a casing,
the charging system (40) comprises: the device comprises a preparation tank (41) and a screw pump (42), wherein the preparation tank (41) is connected with a feeding end of the screw pump (42), and a discharging end of the screw pump (42) is communicated with the inlet end (11A).
6. The deep water oil and gas production wellbore simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a casing,
the test device further comprises: -an auxiliary system (60), the auxiliary system (60) comprising:
a vacuum pump assembly (61) disposed between the mixing outlet end (213) and the inlet end (11A);
the gas cylinder (62) is communicated with the gas inlet end (221) of the gas circulating pump (22) and the gas outlet end (312) of the gravity separator (31).
7. A test method of a deepwater oil and gas production wellbore simulation test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s10: opening a gas circulation pump (22) in the gas-liquid circulation system (20), pumping air into the test device (100) and making the air flow in the test device (100), and drying the test device (100);
S20: after the test device (100) is dried, the test device (100) is closed, a vacuum pump assembly (61) of an auxiliary system (60) is opened, and the air in the test device (100) is exhausted and kept in a vacuum state;
s30: standing the test device (100) for a period of time, opening a gas cylinder (62) to introduce test gas into the test device after no leakage is determined, and stopping gas injection after the gas pressure in the test device (100) is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure;
s40: turning on a temperature control system (50), wherein the cooling device (52) is turned on when the test device (100) performs a hydrate-related test; when the test device (100) performs wax and scale related tests, the heating device (51) is turned on;
s50: the temperature of test liquid in a preparation tank (41) of the feeding system (40) is regulated, after the temperature of the test liquid is regulated to be close to the test target temperature, a gas cylinder (62) is opened to be filled with test gas, when the pressure in the test device (100) reaches about half of the test pressure, a screw pump (42) of the feeding system (40) is started, and the test liquid is pumped into a gravity separator (31) through a test tube (11); in the process, the pumped test liquid compresses the gas in the loop, so that the pressure in the test device (100) rises, and finally the test pressure is reached;
S60: when the temperature and the pressure in the test device (100) reach the test requirements, firstly starting the gas circulation pump (22), and after the gas flow rate is constant in the test device (100), starting the liquid circulation pump (23) and reaching the gas-liquid flow rate required by the test;
s70: the test device (100) performs corresponding test operations:
continuously reducing the temperature of a test tube (11) and keeping the pressure unchanged when a hydrate and wax deposition related test is carried out, starting to generate the hydrate and wax when the temperature is lower than the equilibrium temperature of the hydrate and wax phases, and recording the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test in real time during the process; as the hydrate and wax concentrations continue to rise, the hydrate and wax change multiphase flow morphology and begin to form deposits, and the flow test of hydrate and wax deposits begins until the hydrate and wax plug test tube (11) and the test stops;
continuously increasing the temperature of the test tube (11) and maintaining the pressure constant when performing the scale-related test; when the temperature is higher than the balance temperature of the scale phase, the scale starts to be generated, a scale generation test starts, and in the process, the temperature, the pressure drop, the gas-liquid flow rate and the flow pattern parameters in the test are recorded; the scale concentration continues to rise, the scale changes the multiphase flow morphology and starts to form a deposit, the flow law test of the scale deposit starts until the scale blocks the test tube (11) or the scale stops generating, and the test stops.
8. The test method according to claim 7, wherein,
during the test operation of the test device (100), the method further comprises the following steps:
when the action mechanism of the inhibitor on the generation and deposition of the solid phase particles is required to be evaluated, a feeding system (40) can be started at each stage of the generation, deposition and blockage of the solid phase particles, the injection process of the inhibitor in the deep water oil gas development process is simulated, and the control effect of different types of inhibitors on hydrates, waxes and scales is evaluated.
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| CN115824283B (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-09-24 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Test system for simulating underground environment of oil and gas |
| CN116148448A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Tester for oil service performance under multi-physical field coupling effect |
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