CN110553958B - Submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110553958B CN110553958B CN201910833073.1A CN201910833073A CN110553958B CN 110553958 B CN110553958 B CN 110553958B CN 201910833073 A CN201910833073 A CN 201910833073A CN 110553958 B CN110553958 B CN 110553958B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine mixed transportation pipelines, and particularly relates to a submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device and an operation method thereof, wherein the submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device comprises an oil storage tank (14) and a wax deposition experiment system (34); the outlet of the oil storage tank (14) is communicated with the inlet of a wax deposition experiment system (34) through a loop pipeline and a mixing and conveying pump (26); the outlet of the wax deposition experiment system (34) is communicated with the return port of the oil storage tank (14) through a loop pipeline and a check valve group; and a pipeline temperature control device is fixedly arranged on the loop pipeline. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, flexible operation, less investment, safety and reliability, can simultaneously carry out experiments of a plurality of groups of different control variables, and can effectively research the influence mechanism of thermodynamic and kinetic factors on the wax deposition rule of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine mixed transportation pipelines, and particularly relates to a submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device and an operation method thereof.
Background
With the vigorous development of marine oil and gas resources, the total mileage of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline is longer and longer, the specific gravity of the marine oil is gradually improved, and the problem of wax deposition of the submarine pipeline is more and more prominent. The laying of the submarine crude oil or natural gas pipeline is difficult and the investment is high due to the special environment of the ocean, and particularly, the investment and the construction difficulty of the deep sea oil and gas resource conveying pipeline are multiplied. Therefore, the offshore oil resources are often conveyed in a gas-liquid mixed conveying mode, and the mixed conveying pipeline can reduce the pipeline laying work amount, reduce the investment, simplify the process flow and equipment, and is widely applied to the offshore oil exploitation process. However, the flow process in the submarine mixed transportation pipeline is more complicated, especially for the wax-containing crude oil pipeline, a considerable part of natural gas components are dissolved in the crude oil in the submarine mixed transportation process, and in addition, the pressure inside the pipeline is higher and the low-temperature environment around the pipeline is low, natural gas hydrate is easily formed in the mixed transportation pipeline, so that the flow state with the coexistence of the dissolved gas crude oil and hydrate slurry under pressure is generated, the wax deposition law of the crude oil pipeline under the working condition has a plurality of influence factors, and the wax deposition law is not suitable for prediction by adopting a traditional method, and relates to the multidisciplinary theories such as multiphase flow, heat and mass transfer, phase change, rheology and the like. The prediction of the wax deposition of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline is of great importance to the safety of a crude oil transportation system, and the wax deposition rule of the pipeline when the crude oil with pressurized dissolved gas exists in a hydrate must be determined so as to guide pipeline cleaning operation and ensure the safety of the whole submarine pipeline transportation system.
The pipeline wax deposition rule is not clear when the crude oil with the dissolved gas and the hydrate slurry coexist, and no existing formula or software can calculate the working condition, so that the working condition can be researched only through experiments. The method using field experiments is very risky, has high investment, is not easy to detect the wax deposition condition and sample the wax deposition, and once wax blockage occurs in the experimental process, the operation for blockage removal can cost millions of dollars or even higher. The existing indoor circular wax deposition experimental device is designed for a common wax-containing crude oil pipeline, the wax deposition simulation experiment of characteristic factor pipelines such as gas-dissolved crude oil, hydrate slurry, low-temperature environment and the like cannot be realized, and the experimental pipeline is only one section, so that the efficiency is low, and the operation is not flexible. Therefore, a multifunctional and efficient indoor experimental device and method are needed, and the wax deposition rule of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline can be simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides the safe and reliable submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device with high efficiency, flexible operation and low investment and the operation method thereof. The device can simultaneously carry out experiments of a plurality of groups of different control variables, and can effectively research the influence mechanism of thermodynamic and kinetic factors on the wax deposition rule of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized as follows:
a submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device comprises an oil storage tank and a wax deposition experiment system; the outlet of the oil storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the wax deposition experiment system through a loop pipeline and a mixing and conveying pump; the outlet of the wax deposition experiment system is communicated with a return port of the oil storage tank through a loop pipeline and a check valve group; a pipeline temperature control device is fixedly arranged on the loop pipeline; the oil storage tank is provided with a temperature control device, an online viscometer, a stirring motor, a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a pressure gauge and an oil storage tank safety valve; an automatic igniter is arranged on the oil storage tank safety valve;
the wax deposition experiment system comprises an oil flow buffer rectifier and a wax deposition experiment pipeline set; the upper port of each unit of the wax deposition experiment pipeline group is communicated with the lower port of the oil flow buffer rectifier; the upper port of the oil flow buffer rectifier is communicated with a loop pipeline; each unit of the wax deposition experiment pipeline set sequentially comprises a deposition pipeline valve, a deposition pipeline flowmeter and a deposition section respectively; and a temperature control jacket is arranged outside the deposition section.
As a preferred scheme, the check valve group comprises a first check valve, a pipeline flowmeter and a second check valve which are sequentially connected in series; a purging device is arranged between the check valve group and the return port of the oil storage tank; the port of the purging device is communicated with a loop pipeline; the two ends of the check valve group are connected with a first bypass pipeline in parallel; and the two ends of the mixing and conveying pump are connected with a second bypass pipeline in parallel.
Furthermore, the invention is also provided with a gas cylinder group; the air outlet of each unit in the air bottle group is communicated with the air inlet of the oil storage tank through a control valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter in sequence.
Further, the gas cylinder group comprises high-purity CH4First high-pressure gas cylinder of gas filled with high-purity C2H4Second high pressure gas cylinder of gas and filled with high purity CO2A third high pressure cylinder of gas.
Further, a hydrate generation system is arranged between an inlet of the wax deposition experiment system and the mixing and conveying pump; and a hydrate outlet of the hydrate generating system is communicated with a loop pipeline.
Furthermore, the hydrate generation system comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a liquid tank anda hydrate generation tank; the outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrate generation tank through a high-pressure gas cylinder control valve, a hydrate pipeline pressure gauge, a hydrate pipeline flowmeter and a high-pressure tank inlet pipeline valve in sequence; a liquid outlet of the liquid tank is communicated with a liquid inlet of the hydrate generation tank through a liquid tank outlet valve, a centrifugal pump outlet valve, a liquid pipeline flowmeter and a liquid pipeline valve in sequence; the hydrate outlet of the hydrate generating tank is communicated with a loop pipeline; a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a safety relief valve are respectively arranged on the hydrate generating tank; the high-pressure gas cylinder is filled with high-purity CH4A gas; and a temperature control jacket is arranged outside the hydrate generation tank.
Furthermore, deionized water and tetrahydrofuran which is a hydrate generation promoter are filled in the liquid tank.
Further, the wax deposition experimental pipeline group of the invention comprises 5 units, and 5 parallel deposition pipeline sections are formed.
The operation method of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device comprises a common wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method, a dissolved gas crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method or a wax deposition experiment operation method when dissolved gas crude oil and natural gas hydrate slurry coexist;
the common wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method comprises the following steps:
a1only opening the main body loop system, and respectively closing the gas cylinder group control valve, the hydrate generation system, the purging system, the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline; starting a temperature control device and a stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank to a specified temperature; the oil product is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system by a mixing and conveying pump, flows through a check valve group and then flows back to the oil storage tank; in the experimental process, the pipeline temperature control device is started, and the pipeline wall temperature except the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the oil temperature in the oil storage tank; in the process, the wax deposition rule of the common wax-containing crude oil is researched;
b1after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; then is turned offThe closed check valve group, the hydrate generation system and the mixing and transporting pump are used for opening the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline; starting a purging device to perform purging operation;
the operation method for the dissolved gas crude oil wax deposition experiment comprises the following steps:
a2opening the main body loop system, the gas cylinder group control valve and the gas inlet valve of the oil storage tank, and closing the hydrate generation system, the purging system, the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline; the gas in the gas cylinder group enters the oil storage tank and is mixed with oil products in the oil storage tank to form gas-dissolved crude oil; starting the temperature control device and the stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank to a specified temperature; the dissolved gas crude oil is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system by a mixing and conveying pump, flows through a check valve group and then flows back to an oil storage tank; in the experimental process, the pipeline temperature control device is started, and the pipeline wall temperature except the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the oil temperature in the oil storage tank; in the process, the wax deposition rule of the dissolved gas crude oil is researched;
b2after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product in the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve group, the hydrate generation system and the mixing and transporting pump, and opening the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline; starting a purging device to perform purging operation;
the wax deposition experimental operation method when the dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist comprises the following steps:
a3opening the main body loop system, the gas cylinder group control valve, the oil storage tank air inlet valve and the hydrate generation system, and closing the purging system, the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline; starting a temperature control device and a stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank to a specified temperature; the gas in the gas cylinder group enters the oil storage tank and is mixed with oil products in the oil storage tank to form gas-dissolved crude oil; generating natural gas hydrate through a hydrate generation system, injecting the natural gas hydrate into an annular pipeline, mixing the natural gas hydrate with the dissolved crude oil, pumping the mixed oil to a wax deposition experiment system through a mixing and conveying pump, and flowing back to an oil storage tank after flowing through a check valve group; in the experimental process, the pipeline temperature control device is started to remove the deposition pipe sectionThe temperature of the pipeline wall is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in the oil storage tank; in the process, the wax deposition rule when the dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist is researched;
b3after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve group, the hydrate generation system and the mixing and transporting pump, and opening the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline; and starting the purging device to perform purging operation.
As a preferable scheme, the wax deposition experimental system is provided with an oil flow buffer rectifier and 5 parallel deposition pipe sections; before entering 5 parallel deposition pipe sections, oil firstly enters an oil flow buffer rectifier and is filled; the flow of the pipeline valve of each deposition pipe section is adjustable, and the pipe wall temperature of the deposition section is controlled by a temperature-controlled water bath.
The method has the advantages of high efficiency, flexible operation, less investment, safety and reliability, can simultaneously carry out experiments of a plurality of groups of different control variables, and can effectively research the influence mechanism of thermodynamic and kinetic factors on the wax deposition rule of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline.
The invention comprises a plurality of functional modules and can simulate various on-site oil pipeline working conditions. Firstly, a wax deposition experiment of a common wax-containing crude oil pipeline can be carried out, secondly, the circulation flow of the crude oil with the pressurized dissolved gas can be realized, and the influence of the type, the amount and the pressure of the dissolved gas on the deposition process of the wax component in the crude oil can be simulated. The wax deposition experiment pipe section contains many parallel experiment sections, is controlled the temperature by accuse temperature water bath respectively, and accuse temperature water bath adopts conventional water bath accuse temperature design, can carry out the wax deposition experiment under the different conditions of multiunit simultaneously, and the variable that can change includes flow, velocity of flow, pipe wall shear stress, pipe wall temperature, pipe diameter, pipe wall roughness etc. very convenient high efficiency, and the oil realizes circulation flow, and required sample is few. In addition, the device can inject slurry hydrate into the flow of the dissolved crude oil pipe, thereby simulating the flow state when the hydrate is generated in the flow process of the seabed mixed transportation pipeline and analyzing the wax deposition influence factors and mechanisms at the moment. The experimental method is flexible to operate, can be used for simultaneously carrying out experiments on a plurality of groups of different control variables, and is convenient and efficient.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The scope of the invention is not limited to the following expressions.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydrate formation system of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wax deposition portion of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of each deposition tube segment of fig. 3 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first high pressure gas cylinder; 2. a first control valve; 3. a first pressure gauge; 4. a first flow meter; 5. a second high pressure gas cylinder; 6. a second control valve; 7. a second pressure gauge; 8. a second flow meter; 9. a third high pressure gas cylinder; 10. a third control valve; 11. a third pressure gauge; 12. a third flow meter; 13. an oil storage tank inlet valve; 14. an oil storage tank; 15. a temperature control device; 16. an integrated in-line viscometer; 17. a stirring motor; 18. a stirring paddle; 19. an oil storage tank thermometer; 20. an oil storage tank pressure gauge; 21. a safety valve for the oil tank; 22. an automatic igniter; 23. an oil drain valve of the oil storage tank; 24. an oil storage tank outlet valve; 25. a pre-pump valve; 26. a mixing and conveying pump; 27. a pump rear valve; 28. a first bypass valve; 29. a second bypass valve; 30. a hydrate line valve; 31. a hydrate pipeline flow meter; 32. a hydrate generation system; 33. a wax deposition section inlet valve; 34. a wax deposition experimental system; 35. a wax deposition section outlet valve; 36. a pipeline temperature control device; 37. a first check valve; 38. a pipeline flow meter; 39. a second check valve; 40. a third bypass valve; 41. a first bypass line; 42. a fourth bypass valve; 43. a compressor outlet valve; 44. a compressor; 45. a return valve of the oil storage tank; 321. a high-pressure gas cylinder of a hydrate generation system; 322. a high pressure gas cylinder control valve; 323. a hydrate pipeline pressure gauge; 324. a hydrate line flow meter; 325. a high pressure tank inlet line valve; 326. a liquid tank; 327. a liquid tank outlet valve; 328. a centrifugal pump; 329. an outlet valve of the centrifugal pump; 330. a liquid line flow meter; 331 a liquid line valve; 332. a temperature sensor; 333. a pressure sensor; 334. a safety relief valve; 335. a hydrate generation tank; 336. a visual window; 337. a circulating liquid outlet; 338. a circulating liquid inlet; 339. a circulating liquid jacket; 341. an oil flow buffer rectifier; 342. a first deposition line valve; 343. a first deposition line flow meter; 344. a first deposition section; 345. a second deposition line valve; 346. a second deposition line flow meter; 347. a second deposition section; 348. a third deposition line valve; 349. a third deposition line flow meter; 350. a third deposition section; 351. a fourth deposition line valve; 352. a fourth sedimentation line flow meter; 353. a fourth deposition section; 354. a fifth deposition line valve; 355. a fifth sedimentation line flow meter; 356. a fifth deposition section; 301. depositing an inner pipe wall in the section; 302. depositing a section outer tube wall; 303. a temperature-controlled water bath inlet; 304. a temperature-controlled water bath outlet; 305. screwing down the nut; 306. and screwing down the screw.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the experimental apparatus for simulating wax deposition in a submarine pipeline includes an oil storage tank 14 and a wax deposition experimental system 34; the outlet of the oil storage tank 14 is communicated with the inlet of a wax deposition experiment system 34 through a loop pipeline and a mixing and conveying pump 26; the outlet of the wax deposition experiment system 34 is communicated with the return port of the oil storage tank 14 through a loop pipeline and a check valve group; a pipeline temperature control device is fixedly arranged on the loop pipeline; the pipeline temperature control device can be a heat tracing band, and is convenient for controlling the temperature of the pipeline. Referring to fig. 1, the oil storage tank 14 is provided with a temperature control device 15, an online viscometer 16, a stirring motor 17, a stirring paddle 18, a thermometer 19, a pressure gauge 20 and an oil storage tank safety valve 21. An automatic igniter 22 is provided on the tank relief valve 21. The on-line viscometer 16 can perform on-line viscosity measurement on oil in an oil storage tank. The stirring motor 17 is infinitely variable speed, and can control the stirring paddle 18 to rotate within a certain range, so that oil products are stirred. The thermometer 19 and the pressure gauge 20 realize real-time monitoring of the temperature and the pressure of the oil in the oil storage tank 14. The tank relief valve 21 provides overpressure protection. When the pressure in the oil storage tank 14 reaches a set pressure value, the oil storage tank safety valve 21 is automatically opened and depressurized. The automatic igniter 22 is connected with a laboratory ventilation chimney, and discharges the decompressed gas after ignition and combustion. The lower part of the oil tank 14 is provided with an oil tank relief valve 23 for discharging oil in the oil tank 14.
The wax deposition experiment system 34 includes an oil flow buffer rectifier 341 and a set of wax deposition experiment lines; the upper port of each unit of the wax deposition experiment pipeline group is communicated with the lower port of the oil flow buffer rectifier 341; the upper port of the oil flow buffer rectifier 341 is communicated with a loop pipeline; each unit of the wax deposition experiment pipeline set sequentially comprises a deposition pipeline valve, a deposition pipeline flowmeter and a deposition section respectively; and a temperature control jacket is arranged outside the deposition section, and the temperature is controlled through a temperature control water bath.
Referring to fig. 3, the wax deposition experimental tubing set of the present invention comprised 5 units forming 5 parallel deposition tubing sections. The oil flow buffer rectifier 341 according to the present invention is a cylindrical tube, and is disposed perpendicular to the loop pipe line, the upper portion of the tube is connected to the loop main pipe line, the lower portion of the tube is vertically disposed with 5 short pipe lines, and then the pipe lines are disposed parallel to the loop main pipe line. The oil flow buffer rectifier 341 mainly functions to buffer incoming oil from the oil storage tank 14, the incoming oil fills the cylindrical barrel of the oil flow buffer rectifier 341 fully, the oil flow entering each section of the deposition pipeline is guaranteed to be in a full-flow state, and the experimental simulation process is guaranteed to meet the actual conditions of the conventional oil pipeline.
The 5 wax deposition experimental pipelines have the same structure, only a certain number of the pipelines can be used according to the experimental needs, or more experimental pipelines can be added according to the experimental needs, the first deposition pipeline is taken as an example for explanation, a first deposition pipeline valve 342, a first deposition pipeline flowmeter 343 and a first deposition section 344 are arranged on the first deposition pipeline, the flow in the pipeline can be adjusted through the first deposition pipeline valve 342 and read through the first deposition pipeline flowmeter 343, and wax deposition occurs in the deposition section. Each deposition section is set as a detachable structure, each deposition section can be processed into structures with influences on wax deposition according to experiment requirements, wherein the structures have influences on wax deposition, the structures comprise different pipe diameters, different materials, different inner wall roughness and the like, each deposition section controls the temperature through a temperature control water bath, and the flow of each section is adjusted through a valve on each section of pipeline. The inner pipe wall 301 and the outer pipe wall 302 of the deposition section are of a jacket structure, the inner wall of the pipe is controlled by circulating water, and the deposition section is connected with the main pipeline through a tightening nut 305 and a tightening screw 306, so that the deposition section is convenient to disassemble.
Referring to fig. 1, the check valve set of the present invention includes a first check valve 37, a pipeline flow meter 38 and a second check valve 39 connected in series. The check valve allows fluid flow in only one direction. In the direction of fluid flow, a tank return valve 45 is provided. In the invention, a purging device is arranged between the check valve group and the return port of the oil storage tank 14. The purge means comprises a compressor 44 and a compressor outlet valve 43. And the port of the purging device is communicated with a loop pipeline. A first bypass pipeline 41 is connected in parallel at two ends of the check valve group; and a second bypass pipeline is connected in parallel at two ends of the mixing and conveying pump 26.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to perform a dissolved-gas crude oil wax deposition experiment, the invention is further provided with a gas cylinder group on the basis of the structure of a common wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment system; the air outlet of each unit in the air bottle group is communicated with the air inlet of the oil storage tank 14 through a control valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter in sequence. The gas cylinder group comprises high-purity CH4A first high-pressure gas cylinder 1 of gas, filled with high-purity C2H4A second high-pressure gas cylinder 5 for gas and high-purity CO2A third high-pressure cylinder 9 of gas. The number of the gas cylinders can be increased or decreased according to the experimental needs, and C can be increased according to the experimental needs3H6High purity gas cylinders, and the like. The pipeline structures of the gas cylinders are consistent, a first high-pressure gas cylinder 1 is used for explaining, the outlet of the gas cylinder is connected with a first control valve 2, and a first pressure gauge 3 and a first flow meter 4 are arranged on the outlet pipeline. The oil storage tank 14 is provided with a temperature control device 15, and the temperature control device 15 is arranged at the symmetrical position in the oil storage tank 14, so that the temperature of oil products can be conveniently and rapidly controlled.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to perform a wax deposition experiment in the coexistence of gas-dissolved crude oil and natural gas hydrate slurry, the hydrate generation system 32 is additionally arranged between the inlet of the wax deposition experiment system 34 and the mixing and transportation pump 26 on the basis of the structure of the gas-dissolved crude oil wax deposition experiment system. Referring to fig. 1, the hydrate outlet of the hydrate formation system 32 of the present invention is shown in communication with a circuit line.
Referring to fig. 2, the hydrate generating system includes two main pipelines, i.e., a gas phase pipeline and a liquid phase pipeline, specifically including a high pressure gas cylinder 321, a liquid tank 326 and a hydrate generating tank 335; the high-pressure gas cylinder 321 is filled with high-purity CH4A gas; the outlet of the high-pressure gas bottle 321 is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrate generation tank 335 through a high-pressure gas bottle control valve 322, a hydrate pipeline pressure gauge 323, a hydrate pipeline flow meter 324 and a high-pressure tank inlet pipeline valve 325 in sequence; a liquid outlet of the liquid tank 326 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the hydrate generating tank 335 through a liquid tank outlet valve 327, a centrifugal pump 328, a centrifugal pump outlet valve 329, a liquid pipeline flowmeter 330 and a liquid pipeline valve 331 in sequence; the hydrate outlet of the hydrate generation tank 335 is communicated with a loop pipeline; a temperature sensor 332, a pressure sensor 333 and a safety pressure relief valve 334 are respectively arranged on the hydrate generating tank 335; the high-pressure gas cylinder 321 is filled with high-purity CH4A gas; a temperature control jacket is arranged outside the hydrate generating tank 335.
Deionized water is generally filled in the liquid tank 326, and medicaments such as hydrate generation accelerant Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and the like can be added into the deionized water so as to shorten the induction period of hydrate generation and accelerate the hydrate generation speed.
The operation method of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device comprises a common wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method, a dissolved gas crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method or a wax deposition experiment operation method when dissolved gas crude oil and natural gas hydrate slurry coexist;
the common wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method comprises the following steps:
a1only opening the main body loop system, and respectively closing the gas cylinder group control valve, the hydrate generation system 32, the purging system, the first bypass pipeline 41 and the second bypass pipeline; starting the temperature control device 15 and the stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank 14 to a specified temperature; the oil is pumped by a mixing and conveying pump 26Sending to a wax deposition experiment system 34, flowing through a check valve group and then returning to the oil storage tank 14; in the experiment process, the pipeline temperature control device 36 is started, and the temperature of the pipeline wall except the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in the oil storage tank 14; in the process, the wax deposition rule of the common wax-containing crude oil is researched;
b1after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve set, the hydrate generation system 32 and the mixing and transportation pump 26, and opening the first bypass pipeline 41 and the second bypass pipeline; starting a purging device to perform purging operation;
the operation method for the dissolved gas crude oil wax deposition experiment comprises the following steps:
a2opening the main body loop system, the gas cylinder group control valve and the gas inlet valve of the oil storage tank, and closing the hydrate generation system 32, the purging system, the first bypass pipeline 41 and the second bypass pipeline; the gas in the gas cylinder group enters the oil storage tank 14 and is mixed with the oil product in the oil storage tank 14 to form gas-dissolved crude oil; starting the temperature control device 15 and the stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank 14 to a specified temperature; the dissolved gas crude oil is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system 34 by a mixing and conveying pump 26, flows through a check valve group and then flows back to the oil storage tank 14; in the experiment process, the pipeline temperature control device 36 is started, and the temperature of the pipeline wall except the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in the oil storage tank 14; researching the wax deposition rule of the dissolved crude oil in the process;
b2after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve set, the hydrate generation system 32 and the mixing and transportation pump 26, and opening the first bypass pipeline 41 and the second bypass pipeline; starting a purging device to perform purging operation;
the wax deposition experimental operation method when the dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist comprises the following steps:
a3opening the main body loop system, the gas cylinder group control valve, the oil storage tank air inlet valve and the hydrate generation system 32, and closing the purging system, the first bypass pipeline 41 and the second bypass pipeline; open temperature regulating device 15 and agitating unitHeating the crude oil in the oil storage tank 14 to a specified temperature; the gas in the gas cylinder group enters the oil storage tank 14 and is mixed with the oil product in the oil storage tank 14 to form gas-dissolved crude oil; natural hydrate is generated through a hydrate generation system 32, the natural hydrate is injected into a loop pipeline and mixed with the dissolved crude oil, and the mixed oil is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system 34 through a mixing and conveying pump 26, flows through a check valve group and then flows back to the oil storage tank 14; in the experiment process, the pipeline temperature control device 36 is started, and the temperature of the pipeline wall except the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in the oil storage tank 14; in the process, the wax deposition rule when the dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist is researched;
b3after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve set, the hydrate generation system 32 and the mixing and transportation pump 26, and opening the first bypass pipeline 41 and the second bypass pipeline; and starting the purging device to perform purging operation.
The wax deposition experiment system 34 of the present invention is provided with an oil flow buffer rectifier 341 and 5 parallel deposition pipe sections; before entering 5 parallel deposition pipe sections, the oil product firstly enters an oil flow buffer rectifier 341 and is filled; the flow of the pipeline valve of each deposition pipe section is adjustable, and the pipe wall temperature of the deposition section is controlled by a temperature-controlled water bath.
The invention relates to a set of multifunctional comprehensive experimental device, which comprises a plurality of functional modules, can realize simulation experiments under various actual working conditions, and particularly mainly comprises a common crude oil wax deposition simulation function, a gas-dissolved crude oil wax deposition experiment and a wax deposition experiment under the coexistence state of gas-dissolved crude oil and natural gas hydrate slurry, wherein the invention is described in detail by combining the accompanying drawings and an embodiment:
as shown in the figure, the seabed mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device comprises a dissolved gas crude oil preparation system, a hydrate generation system and a loop system. The dissolved crude oil preparation system comprises a plurality of gas cylinders (1, 5, 9) and an oil storage tank 14. The number of the gas cylinders can be increased or decreased according to the experimental requirements, and the first high-pressure gas cylinder is filled with high-purity CH4Gas, second high-pressure gas cylinder 5 is filled with high-purity C2H4Gas, third high pressure gas cylinder filled with high purity CO2Gas, such as C, can be added according to experimental needs3H6High purity gas cylinders, and the like. The pipeline structures of all the gas cylinders are consistent, a first high-pressure gas cylinder 1 is used for explaining, the outlet of the first high-pressure gas cylinder is connected with a first control valve 2, and a first pressure gauge 3 and a first flow meter 4 are arranged on the outlet pipeline. The oil storage tank 14 is provided with a temperature control device 15, and the heating end of the temperature control device 15 is arranged at the symmetrical position of the oil storage tank 14, so that the temperature of oil products can be conveniently and rapidly controlled. The temperature control device can adopt the following application numbers: 201310487865.0, although other universal thermostats may be used. The oil storage tank 14 is also provided with an integrated online viscometer 16 which can perform online viscosity measurement on the oil in the oil storage tank. Still be equipped with agitating unit on the oil storage tank 14, agitating unit includes agitator motor 17 and stirring rake 18, and agitator motor 17 is infinitely variable, can control stirring rake 18 and rotate in certain limit, realizes the stirring to the oil. The oil storage tank 14 is also provided with a thermometer 19 and a pressure gauge 20, so that the temperature and the pressure of oil in the oil storage tank 14 can be monitored in real time. The upper part of the oil storage tank 14 is also provided with an oil storage tank safety valve 21 and an automatic igniter 22; the oil storage tank safety valve 21 plays a role in overpressure protection, when the pressure in the oil storage tank 14 reaches a set pressure value, the safety valve 21 is automatically opened and decompressed, the automatic igniter 22 is connected with a laboratory ventilation chimney, and the decompressed gas is ignited and combusted and then discharged. The automatic igniter 22 of the present invention may be a conventional combustible gas automatic igniter or may be an oil field igniter as disclosed in application No. 201620256157.5. The lower part of the oil storage tank 14 is provided with an oil drain valve 23 for discharging oil in the oil tank. The bottom of the oil storage tank 14 is provided with an oil storage tank outlet valve 24, a pre-pump valve 25 is connected with the oil storage tank outlet valve 24, and then a mixing and transporting pump 26, the outlet of the mixing and transporting pump 26 is a post-pump valve 27, further, the mixing and transporting pump 26 is connected in parallel with a second bypass pipeline, and the second bypass pipeline is provided with a first bypass valve 28 and a second bypass valve 29.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline, the pipeline system is followed by a wax deposition experiment system 34, the inlet of which is provided with a wax deposition part inlet valve 33, and the outlet of which is provided with a wax deposition part outlet valve 35. A hydrate generation system 32 is arranged on a pipeline branch before an inlet of the wax deposition experiment system 34, and a hydrate pipeline valve 30 and a hydrate pipeline flowmeter 31 are arranged between the hydrate generation system 32 and a loop pipeline. Furthermore, all the pipeline pipelines are provided with pipeline temperature control devices 36, and the pipeline temperature control devices can adopt tracing bands, so that the pipeline temperature control is convenient. The pipeline temperature control device can adopt the application number: 201310487865.0, although other general temperature control devices can be used. A check valve group is also arranged on the main pipeline of the loop, and comprises a first check valve 37, a pipeline flowmeter 38 and a second check valve 39 which are sequentially connected in series; a first bypass pipeline 41 is connected in parallel at two ends of the check valve group; the first bypass line 41 includes a third bypass valve 40 and a fourth bypass valve 42. The check valve allows fluid flow in only one direction. Along the fluid flow direction, an oil storage tank backflow valve 45 is arranged, and a purging device comprising a compressor 44 and a compressor outlet valve 43 is arranged on a pipeline branch between the second check valve 39 and the oil storage tank backflow valve 45.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydrate generating system includes two main pipelines, i.e., a gas phase pipeline and a liquid phase pipeline, the gas phase pipeline includes a high-pressure gas cylinder 321 of the hydrate generating system, and high-purity CH is filled in the high-pressure gas cylinder 3214The outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder 321 of the hydrate generation system is connected with a high-pressure gas cylinder control valve 322, and a hydrate pipeline pressure gauge 323, a hydrate pipeline flow meter 324 and a high-pressure tank inlet pipeline valve 325 are arranged on an outlet pipeline.
The liquid phase pipeline comprises a liquid tank 326, deionized water is generally filled in the liquid tank 326, and medicaments such as hydrate formation promoter Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and the like can also be added to accelerate the hydrate formation speed. The outlet of the liquid tank 326 is connected with a liquid tank outlet valve 327, the liquid tank outlet valve 327 is connected with a centrifugal pump 328, the outlet of the centrifugal pump 328 is provided with a centrifugal pump outlet valve 329, the centrifugal pump outlet valve 329 is connected with a liquid pipeline flow meter 330, a liquid pipeline valve 331 is arranged behind the liquid pipeline flow meter 330, and the liquid pipeline valve 331 is connected with a hydrate generation tank 335.
High-pressure tank entry pipeline valve 325 is connected with hydrate formation jar 335, be equipped with temperature sensor 332, pressure sensor 333, safety relief valve 334, visual window 336 on the hydrate formation jar 335, temperature sensor 332, pressure sensor 333 carry out real-time supervision to the temperature and the pressure of the fluid in the hydrate formation jar 335 respectively, safety relief valve 334 plays the guard action to hydrate formation system, and when hydrate formation jar 335 internal pressure was too high, safety relief valve 334 opened the pressure release automatically, guarantees safety, visual window 336 is transparent structure, and the accessible is observed the hydrate formation condition. The hydrate generating tank 335 is of a jacket structure, the temperature of the hydrate generating tank 335 is controlled by circulating water in a temperature-controlled water bath in the jacket, 339 is a circulating liquid jacket, 337 is a circulating liquid outlet, and 338 is a circulating liquid inlet.
As shown in fig. 3, the wax deposition experiment system 34 includes an oil flow buffer rectifier 341 and 5 wax deposition experiment pipelines, wherein the oil flow buffer rectifier 341 is a cylindrical barrel and is disposed perpendicular to the main pipeline of the loop, the upper portion of the barrel is connected to the main pipeline of the loop, the lower portion of the barrel is vertically disposed with 5 short pipelines, and then the pipelines are disposed parallel to the direction of the loop pipeline. The oil flow buffer rectifier 341 mainly functions to buffer incoming oil from the oil storage tank 14, and the incoming oil fills the cylindrical barrel of the oil flow buffer rectifier 341 fully, so that the oil flow entering each section of the deposition pipeline is ensured to be in a full-flow state, and the experimental simulation process is ensured to meet the actual conditions of the conventional oil pipeline.
The 5 wax deposition experiment pipelines have the same structure, only some of the 5 wax deposition experiment pipelines can be used according to experiment needs, or more experiment pipelines are additionally arranged according to experiment needs, the first deposition pipeline is taken as an example for explanation, 342 is a first deposition pipeline valve, 343 is a first deposition pipeline flowmeter, the flow rate in the pipeline can be adjusted by adjusting the first deposition pipeline valve 342 and is read through the first deposition pipeline flowmeter 343, 344 is a first deposition section, and wax deposition occurs in the pipeline.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of the first deposition section 344, the second deposition section 347, the third deposition section 350, the fourth deposition section 353, and the fifth deposition section 356 in fig. 3 is shown, each deposition section is designed to be a detachable structure, each deposition section can be processed into structures having influences on wax deposition, such as different pipe diameters, different materials, different inner wall roughnesses, and the like, according to experimental needs, each deposition section controls the temperature through a temperature-controlled water bath, and the flow rate of each section is adjusted through a valve on each section of pipeline. 301 is the inner pipe wall of the deposition section, 302 is the outer pipe wall of the deposition section, a jacket structure is arranged between the inner pipe wall 301 of the deposition section and the outer pipe wall 302 of the deposition section, the inner wall of the pipeline is controlled by circulating water, 303 is a temperature-controlled water bath inlet, 304 is a temperature-controlled water bath outlet, and the deposition section is connected with the main pipeline through a tightening nut 305 and a tightening screw 306, so that the disassembly is convenient.
The operation process of the submarine mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment is as follows:
generally, when a wax deposition experiment of common wax-containing crude oil is carried out, only a main body loop system is opened, and a gas cylinder switch for adding gas into the crude oil is closed, wherein the gas cylinder switch comprises a first control valve 2, a second control valve 6, a third control valve 10 and an oil storage tank gas inlet valve 13; closing the hydrate generation system 32, the hydrate pipeline valve 30; the purge system is shut down, including compressor outlet valve 43, compressor 44. The temperature control device 15 is started, crude oil in the oil storage tank 14 is heated to the specified temperature, the stirring paddle 15 is started, the oil in the oil storage tank 14 is guaranteed to be uniformly distributed, the oil drain valve 23 of the oil storage tank is in a closed state in the experimental process, and the oil drain valve is opened only when the oil in the oil storage tank is cleaned after the experiment is finished. The oil flows through the oil storage tank outlet valve 24, the pre-pump valve 25, the mixing pump 26, the post-pump valve 27 and the wax deposition part inlet valve 33, and the first bypass valve 28 and the second bypass valve 29 are in a closed state. The oil product enters a wax deposition experiment system 34, generally, the wax deposition experiment system comprises 5 parallel deposition pipe sections, 5 groups of wax deposition experiments under different conditions can be simultaneously carried out, 2 groups or 3 groups of experiments under the same conditions can also be carried out, and the experiment results are averaged. Before oil enters 5 deposition pipe sections, the oil enters the oil flow buffer rectifier 341, the oil flow buffer rectifier 341 is filled with the oil, the first deposition pipeline valve 342, the second deposition pipeline valve 345, the third deposition pipeline valve 348, the fourth deposition pipeline valve 351 and the fifth deposition pipeline valve 354 are in an open state, different opening degrees can be adjusted according to needs, and the first deposition section 344, the second deposition section 347, the third deposition section 350, the fourth deposition section 353 and the fifth deposition section 356 are controlled at specified experimental temperatures by respective temperature-controlled water baths, so that 5 groups of wax deposition experimental studies with different pipe wall temperatures can be simultaneously carried out. For example: the oil temperature of the oil storage tank is controlled at 45 ℃, the wall temperatures of the five deposition sections are respectively controlled at 30 ℃, 32 ℃, 34 ℃, 36 ℃ and 38 ℃, other variables are kept consistent, wax deposition data with the oil wall temperatures of 45/30 ℃, 45/32 ℃, 45/34 ℃, 45/36 ℃ and 45/38 ℃ can be contrasted and analyzed, and five groups of experimental data can well draw curves and are representative. Further, after the oil passes through the wax deposition experimental system 34, the oil passes through the wax deposition outlet valve 35, the first check valve 37, the pipeline flowmeter 38, the second check valve 39, and the oil storage tank return valve 45, and flows back to the oil storage tank 14, and the third bypass valve 40 and the fourth bypass valve 42 are kept in a closed state. The compressor outlet valve 43 and the compressor 44 were kept closed during the experiment. During the experiment, the pipeline temperature control device 36 is turned on to control the wall temperature of the pipeline except for the deposition pipe section to be the same value as the temperature of the oil in the oil storage tank 14.
Furthermore, after the wax deposition experiment is finished, residual oil in the pipeline system can be purged, and the oil in the pipeline system is purged back to the oil storage tank 14, wherein the purging process is as follows: firstly, closing the first check valve 37 and the second check valve 39, opening the third bypass valve 40 and the fourth bypass valve 42, closing the hydrate pipeline valve 30, closing the pre-pump valve 25 and the post-pump valve 27, opening the first bypass valve 28 and the second bypass valve 29, simultaneously, opening all the valves on the pipeline to be purged, then opening the compressor outlet valve 43 and the compressor 44, closing the oil storage tank backflow valve 45, purging the pipeline of the loop system on one side, after purging is finished, closing the fourth bypass valve 42, simultaneously opening the oil storage tank backflow valve 45, and purging the pipeline.
Further, if a dissolved crude oil wax deposition experiment needs to be carried out, a first high-pressure gas cylinder 1, a second high-pressure gas cylinder 5 and a third high-pressure gas cylinder 9 are opened, and generally, the gas in the seabed mixed transportation pipeline is mixed gas and containsRepresentative of methane, ethane, propane, butane, carbon dioxide and higher alkane molecules, the first high pressure gas cylinder 1 of the present invention contains high purity CH4Gas, second high-pressure gas cylinder 5 is filled with high-purity C2H4The gas, the third high-pressure gas cylinder 9 is filled with high-purity CO2Gas, such as C, can be added according to experimental needs3H6High-purity gas cylinder etc. several gas cylinders are opened simultaneously, then can study the dissolved gas crude oil wax deposit law that different gas mixes, also can only open a certain high-pressure gas cylinder, study the wax deposit law that certain specific gas dissolved gas crude oil, simultaneously, all be equipped with the flowmeter on every high-pressure gas cylinder outlet line, can measure and count the tolerance of dissolving into crude oil, the influence of quantitative analysis tolerance. After each gas cylinder is opened, the gas inlet valve 13 of the oil storage tank is opened, gas enters the oil storage tank 14, is mixed with oil products in the oil storage tank 14 and is dissolved in crude oil, then the research on the wax deposition rule of the dissolved gas crude oil can be started, and the operation steps are the same as those of the conventional wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment.
Furthermore, the method can be used for researching the wax deposition rule when the gas dissolving crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist, at the moment, the hydrate generation system 32 needs to be started, and the high-pressure gas cylinder 321 of the hydrate generation system is filled with high-purity CH4And (3) opening the high-pressure gas cylinder control valve 322, the high-pressure tank inlet pipeline valve 325, the hydrate pipeline pressure gauge 323 for monitoring the pressure of the outlet pipeline of the high-pressure gas cylinder in real time, and monitoring the gas flow by the hydrate pipeline flow meter 324. Opening an outlet valve 327 of the liquid tank, an outlet valve 329 of the centrifugal pump and a valve 331 of the liquid pipeline, opening the centrifugal pump 328, pumping the fluid in the liquid pipeline into the hydrate generating tank 335, and keeping the interior of the hydrate generating tank 335 in a high-pressure state; meanwhile, the temperature control system of the hydrate generation tank 335 is turned on to keep the temperature of the fluid in the tank at a specified temperature, and as shown in fig. 2, the temperature-controlled circulation fluid enters the circulation fluid jacket of the hydrate generation tank 335 through the circulation fluid inlet 338 and flows back to the temperature-controlled water bath through the circulation fluid outlet 337. Because the hydrate generation needs high-pressure low-temperature environment, and the freezing point of water is only 0 ℃, the freezing liquid can be circulated, the temperature is controlled at a lower value, and the hydrate generation tankThe visual window 336 on the window 335 can facilitate observation of the hydrate formation and guide the experiment to be accurately carried out. The hydrate generation tank 335 is provided with a temperature sensor 332, a pressure sensor 333 and a safety pressure relief valve 334, the temperature sensor 332 and the pressure sensor 333 can monitor the temperature and the pressure in the hydrate generation tank 335 in real time, the safety pressure relief valve 334 is used for preventing the pressure in the tank from being too high, and when the pressure in the hydrate generation tank 335 is higher than a safety value, the pressure relief is automatically started. After the hydrate is generated, the hydrate pipeline valve 30 is opened, the natural gas hydrate is injected into the main pipeline of the circular pipeline, mixed with the gas-dissolved crude oil and co-flowed to the deposition pipeline section, the pipeline wax deposition rule when the gas-dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist can be researched, and the operation of other parts is the same as that of the conventional crude oil wax deposition process.
Furthermore, if the influence of pipe wall roughness, pipe diameter size, pipeline materials and the like on wax deposition needs to be researched, the purpose is achieved by replacing the deposition section.
Through the series of experimental combination and operation, the influence of variables such as specific time, temperature, pressure, flow rate, pipe wall characteristics and different fluid types on the wax deposition rule can be analyzed, the simulation experiment of the wax deposition working condition of the seabed mixed transportation pipeline is realized, and the experimental purpose is achieved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral; may be a mechanical connection; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The operation method of the seabed mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device is characterized in that the seabed mixed transportation pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device comprises an oil storage tank (14), a gas cylinder group and a wax deposition experiment system (34); an outlet of the oil storage tank (14) is communicated with an inlet of a wax deposition experiment system (34) through a loop pipeline via a mixing and transferring pump (26); the outlet of the wax deposition experiment system (34) is communicated with the return port of the oil storage tank (14) through a loop pipeline and a check valve group; a pipeline temperature control device (36) is fixedly arranged on the loop pipeline;
the oil storage tank (14) is provided with a temperature control device (15), an online viscometer (16), a stirring motor (17), a stirring paddle (18), a thermometer (19), a pressure gauge (20) and an oil storage tank safety valve (21); an automatic igniter (22) is arranged on the oil storage tank safety valve (21);
the wax deposition experiment system (34) comprises an oil flow buffer rectifier (341) and a set of wax deposition experiment pipelines; the upper port of each unit of the wax deposition experiment pipeline group is communicated with the lower port of the oil flow buffer rectifier (341); the upper port of the oil flow buffer rectifier (341) is communicated with a loop pipeline; each unit of the wax deposition experiment pipeline set sequentially comprises a deposition pipeline valve, a deposition pipeline flowmeter and a deposition section respectively; a temperature control jacket is arranged outside the deposition section;
the check valve group comprises a first check valve (37), a pipeline flow meter (38) and a second check valve (39) which are sequentially connected in series; a purging device is arranged between the check valve group and a return port of the oil storage tank (14); the port of the purging device is communicated with a loop pipeline; a first bypass pipeline (41) is connected in parallel at two ends of the check valve group; two ends of the mixing and conveying pump (26) are connected with a second bypass pipeline in parallel;
the air outlet of each unit in the air bottle group is communicated with the air inlet of the oil storage tank (14) through a control valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter in sequence; the gas cylinder group comprises high-purity CH4A first high-pressure gas cylinder (1) of gas, filled with high-purity C2H4A second high-pressure gas cylinder (5) for gas and a second high-pressure gas cylinder filled with high-purity CO2A third high-pressure cylinder (9) of gas;
a hydrate generation system (32) is arranged between the inlet of the wax deposition experiment system (34) and the mixing and conveying pump (26); the hydrate outlet of the hydrate generating system (32) is communicated with a loop pipeline;
the hydrate generating system (32) comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder (321), a liquid tank (326) and a hydrate generating tank (335); the outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder (321) is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrate generation tank (335) through a high-pressure gas cylinder control valve (322), a hydrate pipeline pressure gauge (323), a hydrate pipeline flow meter (324) and a high-pressure tank inlet pipeline valve (325) in sequence; a liquid outlet of the liquid tank (326) is communicated with a liquid inlet of the hydrate generation tank (335) through a liquid tank outlet valve (327), a centrifugal pump (328), a centrifugal pump outlet valve (329), a liquid pipeline flowmeter (330) and a liquid pipeline valve (331) in sequence; the hydrate outlet of the hydrate generating tank (335) is communicated with a loop pipeline; a temperature sensor (332), a pressure sensor (333) and a safety pressure relief valve (334) are respectively arranged on the hydrate generating tank (335); the high-pressure gas cylinder (321) is filled with high-purity CH4A gas; a temperature control jacket is arranged outside the hydrate generating tank (335);
deionized water and hydrate generation accelerant tetrahydrofuran are filled in the liquid tank (326); the wax deposition experiment pipeline group comprises 5 units, and 5 parallel deposition pipeline sections are formed;
the method comprises a wax deposition experiment operation method for common wax-containing crude oil, a wax deposition experiment operation method for gas-dissolved crude oil or a wax deposition experiment operation method when gas-dissolved crude oil and natural gas hydrate slurry coexist;
the common wax-containing crude oil wax deposition experiment operation method comprises the following steps:
a1only opening the main body loop system, and respectively closing the gas cylinder group control valve, the hydrate generation system (32), the purging system, the first bypass pipeline (41) and the second bypass pipeline; starting a temperature control device (15) and a stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank (14) to a specified temperature; the oil product is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system (34) by a mixing and conveying pump (26), flows through a check valve group and then flows back to the oil storage tank (14); in the experimental process, a pipeline temperature control device (36) is started, and the temperature of the wall of the pipeline except for the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in an oil storage tank (14); in the process, the wax deposition rule of the common wax-containing crude oil is researched;
b1after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve group, the hydrate generation system (32) and the mixing and transportation pump (26), and opening the first bypass pipeline (41) and the second bypass pipeline; starting a purging device to perform purging operation;
the operation method for the dissolved gas crude oil wax deposition experiment comprises the following steps:
a2opening the main body loop system, the gas cylinder group control valve and the gas inlet valve of the oil storage tank, and closing the hydrate generation system (32), the purging system, the first bypass pipeline (41) and the second bypass pipeline; gas in the gas cylinder group enters the oil storage tank (14) and is mixed with oil products in the oil storage tank (14) to form dissolved crude oil; starting a temperature control device (15) and a stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank (14) to a specified temperature; the dissolved crude oil is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system (34) by a mixing transportation pump (26), flows through a check valve group and then flows back to the oil storage tank (14); in the experimental process, a pipeline temperature control device (36) is started, and the temperature of the wall of the pipeline except for the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in an oil storage tank (14); researching the wax deposition rule of the dissolved crude oil in the process;
b2after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve group, the hydrate generation system (32) and the mixing and transportation pump (26), and opening the first bypass pipeline (41) and the second bypass pipeline; starting a purging device to perform purging operation;
the wax deposition experimental operation method when the dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist comprises the following steps:
a3opening a main body loop system, a gas cylinder group control valve, an oil storage tank air inlet valve and a hydrate generation system (32), and closing a purging system, a first bypass pipeline (41) and a second bypass pipeline; starting a temperature control device (15) and a stirring device, and heating the crude oil in the oil storage tank (14) to a specified temperature; gas in the gas cylinder group enters the oil storage tank (14) and is mixed with oil products in the oil storage tank (14) to form dissolved crude oil; natural hydrate is generated through a hydrate generation system (32), the natural hydrate is injected into a loop pipeline and mixed with the dissolved crude oil, and the mixed oil is pumped to a wax deposition experiment system (34) through a mixing and conveying pump (26) and then flows through a check valve group and then flows back to an oil storage tank (14); in the experimental process, a pipeline temperature control device (36) is started, and the temperature of the wall of the pipeline except for the deposition pipe section is controlled to be the same as the temperature of oil in an oil storage tank (14); in the process, the wax deposition rule when the dissolved crude oil and the natural gas hydrate slurry coexist is researched;
b3after the wax deposition experiment is finished, if the residual oil product of the pipeline system needs to be swept; closing the check valve group, the hydrate generation system (32) and the mixing and transportation pump (26), and opening the first bypass pipeline (41) and the second bypass pipeline; and starting the purging device to perform purging operation.
2. The operation method of the submarine mixing pipeline wax deposition simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: the wax deposition experiment system (34) is provided with an oil flow buffer rectifier (341) and 5 parallel deposition pipe sections; before entering 5 parallel deposition pipe sections, the oil product firstly enters an oil flow buffer rectifier (341) and is filled; the flow of the pipeline valve of each deposition pipe section is adjustable, and the pipe wall temperature of the deposition section is controlled by a temperature-controlled water bath.
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