CN114016900B - Cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for gravel soil layer drilling - Google Patents
Cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for gravel soil layer drilling Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/04—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with brick, concrete, stone, or similar building materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling a crushed stone soil layer, which comprises the following steps of (1) construction preparation; (2) and (3) performing primary drilling operation: after leveling, the drilling machine is started, and when the composite sheet drill bit drills 0.5-1 m below the broken stone layer section, the drilling machine starts to drill and takes out the rock core; (3) preparing cement grouting: cement mortar and accelerator are prepared into cement grouting for standby according to the mass ratio of 8.5:1.5-2; (4) grouting in the hole: slowly drilling a grouting drill bit to the bottom of a hole at the bottom of the gravel layer, and injecting cement grouting into the drilled hole by using a water pump; (4) detecting quality; carrying out single-hole shear wave velocity test by adopting a suspension wave velocity logging instrument, (5) carrying out secondary drilling operation: and after the single-hole shear wave speed test is qualified, continuously solidifying the cement grouting in the drilled hole for 12-24 hours, and then carrying out secondary drilling by using the diamond drill bit. The invention not only ensures the engineering quality and the construction progress, but also reduces the construction difficulty, improves the construction efficiency and saves the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling in a gravel soil layer.
Background
The building foundation is a foundation of building construction, the quality of the foundation is related to the stability of the building, in the process of building the building foundation, a plurality of foundation piles are required to be evenly poured in the foundation in order to improve the stability of a soil layer, and in order to facilitate pouring of the foundation piles, a drilling device is required to be used for drilling the foundation soil layer in advance. In the process of drilling the foundation, as part of the gravelly soil layer is contained in the soil layer of the foundation, the phenomenon of collapse of soil and serious water leakage and slurry leakage are easily caused when the foundation of the gravelly soil layer is drilled, so that normal drilling operation is affected, and certain use defects exist. At present, in order to prevent soil collapse of a gravel soil layer from influencing subsequent drilling operation, a grouting and wall protecting method is generally adopted to protect a drilled hole so as to ensure the pouring quality of a drilling base column, in the prior art, a conventional wall protecting mode is adopted to drill a following pipe in the gravel soil layer, a wall protecting pipe is gradually lowered to the bottom of the gravel soil layer in the drilling process, the gravel soil is blocked so as to prevent collapse, the wall protecting pipe is required to be lowered to a designated depth by adopting a hammering method in the using process, the construction speed is low, the construction safety is poor, the wall protecting pipe is easy to damage, in addition, a double-layer wall protecting sleeve is generally required to be adopted if the depth of the gravel soil layer is thicker and limited by the depth, the lowering and pulling of the sleeve are difficult, a great deal of manpower and weakness are required to be consumed, and the quality of the subsequent grouting and wall protecting is influenced. Therefore, the development of the cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling the crushed stone soil layer, which is simple to use, can effectively reduce the construction cost, can effectively improve the construction efficiency and has better wall protecting effect, is objectively required.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling a crushed stone soil layer, which is simple in use, capable of effectively reducing construction cost, effectively improving construction efficiency and better in wall protecting effect.
The invention relates to a cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling a crushed stone soil layer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) preparation of construction: firstly cleaning a construction site, then driving a drilling machine to a hole site to be constructed, and aligning the center of a composite bit with the center of a site to be drilled to conduct hole guiding;
(2) and (3) performing primary drilling operation: the drilling machine is started after leveling, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the depth of 5m, the deviation of the verticality of the open hole is rechecked, drilling is continued after the composite sheet drill bit is qualified, the pressure of the drill hole needs to be controlled at 5.0-8.0 Mpa, the rotating speed is controlled at 200-300 r/min, the pump capacity is controlled at 50-60L/min, the secondary drilling rule is controlled at 0.8-1.20 m, and when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the position below a broken stone layer section by 0.5-1 m, the drilling machine drills out to take out a rock core;
(3) preparing cement grouting: firstly, preparing cement mortar and an accelerator which are prepared in advance into cement grouting for later use according to the mass ratio of 8.5:1.5-2, wherein the strength of the cement mortar is M5;
(4) grouting in the hole: taking out the core by the drilling machine, taking down the composite sheet drill bit on the drilling machine, replacing the grouting drill bit, slowly drilling the grouting drill bit to the bottom of the hole at the bottom of the broken stone layer, then injecting the cement grouting prepared in the step (3) into the drilled hole by using a water pump, so that the broken stone section in the drilled hole is filled with the cement grouting, controlling the grouting pressure of the water pump to be 0.5-0.6 Mpa, controlling the grouting time to be 20-30 min, and controlling the rotary drilling speed of the drilling machine to be 110-120 r/min after the grouting of the water pump is finished for 5-6 min;
(4) and (3) quality detection: after the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine is started, a suspension type wave speed logging instrument is adopted to test the single-hole shearing wave speed of the drilling hole according to the principle of 0.8-1 m/measuring point, and then whether the grouting section of the crushed stone layer is full of cement slurry is judged according to the wave speed;
(5) secondary drilling operation: and after the single-hole shear wave speed in the drilled hole is tested to be qualified, continuously solidifying the cement grouting in the drilled hole for 12-24 hours, then taking down the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine, replacing the diamond drill bit, wherein the diameter of the diamond drill bit is smaller than that of the composite sheet drill bit, then carrying out secondary drilling on the solidified cement paste by utilizing the diamond drill bit, and taking out the solidified cement paste after the drilling machine drills up to the original hole depth after the diamond drill bit drills secondarily.
The invention well solves the technical problems of serious water leakage and slurry leakage of the crushed stone layer and extremely easy collapse of the hole wall, does not adopt high-quality cement slurry and heel tube wall protection technology, and has lower construction cost. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: firstly, in the drilling operation process, the drilling depth can be effectively ensured by reasonably controlling the technical parameters such as drilling pressure, rotating speed and the like, and the phenomenon of soil layer collapse can be prevented to a certain extent; secondly, after one drilling operation, the specially developed cement grouting wall is utilized, and then the cement grouting is extruded by utilizing the drilling acting force of a grouting drill bit and then is attached to the crushed stone soil layer, so that a reinforcing layer with certain strength is formed on the inner wall of the drilling hole to play a role in protecting the hole wall, and the good effect of preventing collapse and plugging of the crushed stone soil layer is achieved. In summary, the invention not only ensures the engineering quality and the construction progress, but also reduces the construction difficulty, improves the construction efficiency, saves the construction cost, can generate good social benefit and economic benefit, and is easy to popularize and use by adopting the cement grouting hole sealing, plugging and wall protecting technology.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but is not limited in any way, by the following examples, which are set forth in any way in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Example 1
In this example 1, the operation was performed by taking a foundation structure of a high-rise building of 33 floors higher than a newly built district in Fu Min county as an example. The stratum structure of the district is characterized in that gravelly soil with stronger permeability of 25-30 m is distributed in a covering layer, the underlying bedrock is limestone with medium development in karst, the stratum structure is complex, the upper part of the covering layer is plastic-hard plastic cohesive soil, the thickness is about 7-10 m, gravels with the gravel diameter of 30-200 mm in gravels in the gravels are formed in the gravels layer, the content accounts for about 55-75%, the stratum has large water permeability, water leakage and slurry leakage are serious during drilling, the hole wall is extremely easy to collapse, the underlying bedrock is limestone with medium development in karst, water leakage is also serious, and the exploration technical requirement enters a complete bedrock to be not less than 10m of a final hole, so that the technical requirement brings great challenges to drilling construction. After investigation, the construction process adopted in this example 1 was as follows:
(1) and (3) preparation of construction: firstly cleaning a construction site, then driving a drilling machine to a hole site to be constructed, and aligning the center of a composite bit with the center of a site to be drilled to conduct hole guiding;
(2) and (3) performing primary drilling operation: the drilling machine is started after leveling, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the depth of 5m, the deviation of the verticality of an opening is rechecked, the composite sheet drill bit continuously drills after passing through the drill hole, the composite sheet drill bit is drilled with a large caliber composite sheet drill bit with the diameter of 110-127 mm, in the process of rotating the composite sheet drill bit, in order to ensure the coring quality and drilling quality, drilling parameters follow the principle of low pressure, medium drilling speed and small pump quantity, so as to achieve the aim of smooth drilling speed, specifically, the pressure of the drilling hole needs to be controlled at 5.0Mpa, the rotating speed is controlled at 200r/min, the pump quantity is controlled at 50L/min, the return length is controlled at 0.8m, when the composite sheet drill bit drills out a rock core after passing through a broken stone layer section, the drill hole wall is broken due to overlarge pressure, the phenomenon of blocking of the rock core easily occurs, the drill quantity is overlarge, the rock core is broken by the drill core is difficult to drill, when the core is drilled, if the core is found to be drilled, and the drilling speed is slow, the core is required to generate a large strong suction effect in the hole, the slurry is prevented from being generated in the hole, the hole is required to be controlled at 5m, the moment, the rock core is jumped, the rock is not jumped, when the rock is vibrated and the rock layer is drilled at the bottom of the depth is left, and the bottom of the drill layer is in the depth of the drill layer, and has no vibration and has been left and has a vibration condition when the vibration and has been caused;
(3) preparing cement grouting: the cement mortar is prepared into cement grouting according to the mass ratio of 8.5:1.5, the strength of the cement mortar is M5, the cement mortar is prepared by mixing cement, middling and water, the mass ratio of the cement to the middling to the water is 1:6.3:1.28, the cement in the cement mortar has low price and wide material sources, is a plugging material with good effect with rock particles or crack layers, the cementing strength is high, different slurries are selected to be capable of effectively cementing hole wall crack rocks under different conditions, the holes and leakage channels of the crack rock layers are plugged, cement paste can be injected by a pump or mixed in a special injector, if a drilled hole is shallow, the cement can be made into a ball to be put into the hole, when the underground water activity is strong, the cement can be mixed with the accelerator or other inert materials to be made into quick-drying cement balls or put into a plastic bag, the method is characterized in that the hole sections needing to be sealed are put into or sent into a core tube from an orifice, the hole sections needing to be sealed are extruded into cracks by a tamping method, however, along with the continuous increase of cement varieties in China, new cement additives such as quick setting, early strength or retarder and the like are sequentially arranged, the application range of the cement hole protection plugging method is wider and wider, in the embodiment, M5 cement mortar and quick setting agent are adopted, after the mixture is uniformly regulated, the hole walls are filled into the hole sections needing to be plugged by a water pump, so that the purpose of preventing collapse and plugging is achieved, furthermore, the quick setting agent is a mixture formed by mixing sulfate, formate and nitrate, the mass ratio of the sulfate, formate and nitrate is 1:1:0.8, the traditional quick setting agent is mainly aluminate and carbonate, the alkalinity is higher, the alkali aggregate reaction is easy to be caused due to the existence of strong alkali, the interface between a foundation and slurry is degraded, and expansion is easy to occur once water absorption, the grouting structure is damaged, so that the durability of the cement grouting is reduced, the selected sulfate, formate and nitrate do not contain alkali, and the cement hydration is promoted to a certain extent, after the sulfate, nitrate and formate are compounded for use, the compressive strength of the cement grouting is increased in a shorter time, the initial setting time of the cement grouting is further shortened, the impact of slurry leakage can be resisted, and the phenomenon of borehole collapse is avoided;
(4) grouting in the hole: taking out the core by the drilling machine, taking down the composite sheet drill bit on the drilling machine, replacing the grouting drill bit, slowly drilling the grouting drill bit to the bottom of the hole at the bottom of the broken stone layer, then injecting the cement grouting prepared in the step (3) into the drilled hole by using the water pump to fully fill the broken stone section in the drilled hole with the cement grouting, controlling the grouting pressure of the water pump to be 0.5Mpa, controlling the grouting time to be 20min, and controlling the rotary drilling speed of the drilling machine to be 110r/min after the water pump grouting is finished for 5 min;
(4) and (3) quality detection: after a grouting drill bit of a drilling machine is started, a suspension type wave speed logging instrument is adopted to carry out single-hole shear wave speed test on a drilling hole according to the principle of 0.8 m/measuring point, the suspension type wave speed logging instrument adopts an XG-I suspension type wave speed logging instrument, the XG-I suspension type wave speed logging instrument is of a structure used in the prior art, the using method and the measuring wave speed are determined according to the description operation, and then whether a grouting section of a crushed stone layer is full of cement paste is judged according to the wave speed;
(5) secondary drilling operation: after the single-hole shear wave speed test in the drilling hole is qualified, the cement grouting in the drilling hole is continuously solidified for 12 hours, the broken stone soil layer in the drilling hole is sealed by the cement grouting after grouting treatment, collapse, block falling, drilling sticking and other accidents do not need to be worried about, normal drilling can be guaranteed, then the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine is taken down, the diamond drill bit is replaced, the diameter of the diamond drill bit is smaller than that of the composite sheet drill bit, the diamond drill bit is used for carrying out secondary drilling on the solidified cement slurry, the diameter of the diamond drill bit is 91mm, and the control parameters of the secondary drilling are as follows: in the process of drilling, the pressure of drilling is preferably 3-4 Mpa, the rotating speed of the drilling machine is controlled at 150r/min, the pumping capacity is controlled at 30L/min, the secondary drilling length of drilling is controlled at 0.8m, and after the diamond bit is secondarily drilled to the original hole depth, the drilling machine takes out the solidified cement paste after the drilling is started.
The wall protection method for drilling holes in the embodiment 1 is simple and reasonable, the wall protection method for matching drilling holes with cement grouting is adopted, the process of installing and taking out the protection pipe is omitted, the technical problems that the broken stone layer is serious in water leakage and slurry leakage and the hole wall is extremely easy to collapse can be solved, the implementation of the embodiment not only ensures engineering quality and construction progress, but also reduces construction difficulty, improves construction efficiency, saves construction cost, can generate good social benefit and economic benefit, and compared with the existing heel pipe wall protection process, the construction period can be shortened by 30 days, the construction cost can be saved by 5 ten thousand yuan, and the construction efficiency is improved by 20%.
Example 2
In this example 2, the operation was performed by taking as an example a construction of a foundation layer structure of a high-rise building with a height of 55 floors of a newly built cell. The stratum structure of the district is characterized in that 20-60 m gravelly soil is distributed in the covering layer, the grain size range of coarse particles in the gravelly soil layer is 2-30 cm, and the construction process adopted in the embodiment 2 is as follows:
(1) and (3) preparation of construction: firstly cleaning a construction site, then driving a drilling machine to a hole site to be constructed, and aligning the center of a composite bit with the center of a site to be drilled to conduct hole guiding;
(2) and (3) performing primary drilling operation: the drilling machine is used for drilling after leveling, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the depth of 5m, the deviation of the verticality of an opening is rechecked, the composite sheet drill bit is used for drilling continuously after passing through the composite sheet drill bit, in the process of rotating the composite sheet drill bit, in order to ensure the coring quality and drilling quality, drilling parameters follow the principles of low pressure, medium drilling speed and small pump quantity, so as to achieve the aim of stable drilling speed, specifically, the pressure of drilling is controlled to be 6.5Mpa, the rotating speed is controlled to be 250r/min, the pump quantity is controlled to be 55L/min, the return drilling length is controlled to be 1.0m, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the position below a broken stone layer section by 0.8m, the drilling machine is started to take out a rock core, the phenomenon of rock core is easy to occur due to overlarge pressure, the phenomenon of rock core blockage is easy to occur, the fact that the wall is collapsed due to overlarge pump quantity, the core is difficult to be destroyed, the coring quality is reduced, in the process of drilling, if the core blockage is found, the drilling is immediately started, and the drilling is slow, the phenomenon of generating large suction effect in the hole is avoided, the hole is caused, the strong collapse of slurry is caused, the rock core is hard to collapse is caused, the drilling is caused, the phenomenon is when the rock core is left and the rock is jumble, when the rock is left and the rock is vibrated and the rock is not jumped, and the rock layer is left when the rock is drilled in the drilling layer and is left when the rock layer is left when the drilling layer and has been drilled;
(3) preparing cement grouting: the cement mortar is prepared by mixing cement, middle sand and water according to the mass ratio of 8.5:1.8, the cement mortar has the strength of M5, the cement mortar is prepared by mixing cement, middle sand and water, the mass ratio of cement, middle sand and water is 1:6.6:1.35, the cement in the cement mortar has low price and wide material sources, the cement has high cementing strength with rock particles or crack layers, the cement is a plugging material with good effect, under different conditions, different slurries are selected to be capable of effectively cementing hole wall crack rocks, plugging holes and leakage channels of the crack rock layers, cement paste can be injected by a pump or mixed by a special injector into the holes, if drilling holes are shallow, the cement can be made into balls to be thrown into the holes, when the underground water activity is strong, the cement can be mixed with the accelerator or other inert materials to be made into quick-drying cement balls or filled into plastic bags, the method is characterized in that the hole section to be sealed is put into or sent into a core tube from a hole opening, the hole section to be sealed is extruded into a crack by a tamping method, however, along with the continuous increase of cement varieties in China, new cement additives such as quick setting, early strength or retarder and the like appear successively, the application range of the cement hole protection plugging method is wider and wider, in the embodiment, M5 cement mortar and quick setting agent are adopted, after the mixture is uniformly regulated, the hole section to be plugged is injected into a water pump to solidify the hole wall, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing collapse and plugging, further, the quick setting agent is a mixture formed by mixing sulfate, formate and nitrate, the mass ratio of the sulfate, formate and nitrate is 1:1.5:1.0, the traditional quick setting agent is mainly aluminate and carbonate, the alkalinity is higher, the alkali aggregate reaction is easy to be caused due to the existence of strong alkali, the interface between a foundation and slurry is degraded, and expansion is easy to occur once water is absorbed, the grouting structure is damaged, so that the durability of the cement grouting is reduced, the selected sulfate, formate and nitrate do not contain alkali, and the cement hydration is promoted to a certain extent, after the sulfate, nitrate and formate are compounded for use, the compressive strength of the cement grouting is increased in a shorter time, the initial setting time of the cement grouting is further shortened, the impact of slurry leakage can be resisted, and the phenomenon of borehole collapse is avoided;
(4) grouting in the hole: taking out the core by the drilling machine, taking down the composite sheet drill bit on the drilling machine, replacing the grouting drill bit, slowly drilling the grouting drill bit to the bottom of the hole at the bottom of the broken stone layer, then injecting the cement grouting prepared in the step (3) into the drilled hole by using the water pump to fully fill the broken stone section in the drilled hole with the cement grouting, controlling the grouting pressure of the water pump to be 0.55Mpa, controlling the grouting time to be 25min, and controlling the rotary drilling speed of the drilling machine to be 115r/min after the water pump grouting is finished for 6 min;
(4) and (3) quality detection: after a grouting drill bit of a drilling machine is started, a suspension type wave speed logging instrument is adopted to carry out single-hole shear wave speed test on a drilling hole according to the principle of 0.9 m/measuring point, the suspension type wave speed logging instrument adopts an XG-I suspension type wave speed logging instrument, the XG-I suspension type wave speed logging instrument is of a structure used in the prior art, the using method and the measuring wave speed are determined according to the description operation, and then whether a grouting section of a crushed stone layer is full of cement paste is judged according to the wave speed;
(5) secondary drilling operation: after the single-hole shear wave speed test in the drilling hole is qualified, the cement grouting in the drilling hole is continuously solidified for 20 hours, the broken stone soil layer in the drilling hole is sealed by the cement grouting after grouting treatment, collapse, block falling, sticking and other accidents do not need to be worried about, normal drilling can be guaranteed, then the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine is taken down, the diamond drill bit is replaced, the diameter of the diamond drill bit is smaller than that of the composite sheet drill bit, the diamond drill bit is used for carrying out secondary drilling on the solidified cement slurry, and the control parameters of the secondary drilling are as follows: in the process of drilling, the pressure of drilling is preferably 3.5Mpa, the rotating speed of the drilling machine is controlled at 180r/min, the pumping capacity is controlled at 35L/min, the secondary drilling length of drilling is controlled at 0.9m, and when the diamond bit is drilled to the original hole depth for the second time, the drilling machine takes out the solidified cement paste after the drilling is started.
The wall protection method of the drilling hole in the embodiment 2 is simple and reasonable, the wall protection method of the drilling hole and cement grouting is adopted, the process of installing and taking out the protection pipe and the protection pipe is omitted, the technical problems that the broken stone layer leaks water and leaks slurry seriously and the hole wall is extremely easy to collapse can be solved, the implementation of the embodiment not only ensures the engineering quality and the construction progress, but also reduces the construction difficulty, improves the construction efficiency, saves the construction cost, can generate good social benefit and economic benefit, and compared with the existing heel pipe wall protection process, the construction period can be shortened by 25 days, the construction cost can be saved by 3.5 ten thousand yuan, and the construction efficiency is improved by 25%.
Example 3
In this example 3, the operation was performed by taking the foundation structure of a high-rise building of a height of 25 floors in a new district in Wu county as an example. The stratum structure of the district is characterized in that 15-40 m of gravelly soil is distributed in the foundation, the underlying bedrock is limestone with medium development in karst, the particle size range of coarse particles in the gravelly soil layer is 5-30 cm, the hole wall is easy to collapse during drilling, and after research and investigation, the construction process adopted in the embodiment 3 is as follows:
(1) and (3) preparation of construction: firstly cleaning a construction site, then driving a drilling machine to a hole site to be constructed, and aligning the center of a composite bit with the center of a site to be drilled to conduct hole guiding;
(2) and (3) performing primary drilling operation: the drilling machine is used for drilling after leveling, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the depth of 5m, the deviation of the verticality of an opening is rechecked, the composite sheet drill bit continuously drills after being qualified, in the process of rotating the composite sheet drill bit, in order to ensure the coring quality and drilling quality, drilling parameters follow the principles of low pressure, medium drilling speed and small pump quantity, so as to achieve the aim of stable drilling speed, specifically, the pressure of drilling is required to be controlled at 8.0Mpa, the rotating speed is controlled at 300r/min, the pump quantity is controlled at 60L/min, the return drilling length is controlled at 1.20m, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the position below a broken stone layer section for 1m, the drilling machine starts to take out a rock core, because the pressure is too high, a rock core blocking phenomenon is easy to occur, the rotating speed is too high, the collapse of the wall is easy to cause, the rock core is washed to cause difficulty in drilling, and the quality is reduced, when the blocking core is found, the coring is started immediately slow, the large pumping action is avoided in the hole, the hole is required to cause strong pumping action, the slurry is required to cause the collapse, the wall is controlled at the pressure of the hole, the rock core is required to be hard to be fluctuated, the collapse is caused, the rock core is caused, when the rock core is jumble and the rock core is not to vibrate, and the rock core is left and the rock is required to flow when the rock layer is drilled to flow through the left layer and the rock layer is not to vibrate, and the rock layer is left when the rock layer is left has been drilled;
(3) preparing cement grouting: firstly, cement mortar and an accelerator which are prepared in advance are mixed according to the proportion of 8.5: 2, preparing cement grouting for later use, wherein the strength of the cement mortar is M5, the cement mortar is prepared by mixing cement, medium sand and water, and the mass ratio of the cement to the medium sand to the water is 1: 6.9: 1.4, cement in cement mortar has low price and wide material source, is a plugging material with good effect, and is large with rock particles or crack layers, cementing strength is high, under different conditions, different slurries can be selected to effectively cement crack rock of hole wall, plug holes, leak-off channels of crack rock layers, cement paste can be injected by a pump, or a special injector can be adopted to be mixed in the hole, if drilling is shallow, cement can be made into balls into the hole, when groundwater is strong in activity, cement can be made into quick-drying cement balls or other inert materials into plastic bags, the quick-drying cement balls or other inert materials are made into quick-drying cement balls or plastic bags into the hole sections needing to be sealed, the quick-drying cement balls or other inert materials are put into the plastic bags from the holes or sent into the hole sections needing to be sealed by a tamping method, however, as the cement variety of China is continuously increased, the application range of a new cement additive such as quick-setting cement, early strength or retarder is wider and wider, in the embodiment, after the cement protection hole method is uniformly regulated, the cement is injected into the hole sections by a water pump, the hole wall is solidified, thus the cement is more and better than the conventional sulfate, and the cement is more than the sulfate, and alkaline sulfate is 1, alkaline and alkaline-plugging material is more than alkaline-plugging material, and has the advantages of the purposes of plugging and 1 and alkaline-and has high and has and has and is and, and alkaline and has and, and has and has cement and, the interface between the foundation and the slurry is degraded, once the cement grouting structure is damaged due to easy expansion after water absorption, the durability of the cement grouting is reduced, and the selected sulfate, formate and nitrate do not contain alkali and have a certain promotion effect on cement hydration, so that the compressive strength of the cement grouting is increased in a shorter time after the sulfate, nitrate and formate are compounded for use, the initial setting time of the cement grouting is further shortened, the impact of slurry leakage is resisted, and the phenomenon of borehole collapse is avoided;
(4) grouting in the hole: taking out the core by the drilling machine, taking down the composite sheet drill bit on the drilling machine, replacing the grouting drill bit, slowly drilling the grouting drill bit to the bottom of the hole at the bottom of the broken stone layer, then injecting the cement grouting prepared in the step (3) into the drilled hole by using the water pump to fully fill the broken stone section in the drilled hole with the cement grouting, controlling the grouting pressure of the water pump to be 0.6Mpa, controlling the grouting time to be 30min, and controlling the rotary drilling speed of the drilling machine to be 120r/min after the water pump grouting is finished for 6 min;
(4) and (3) quality detection: after a grouting drill bit of a drilling machine is started, a suspension type wave speed logging instrument is adopted to carry out single-hole shear wave speed test on a drilling hole according to a principle of 1 m/measuring point, the suspension type wave speed logging instrument adopts an XG-I suspension type wave speed logging instrument, the XG-I suspension type wave speed logging instrument is of a structure used in the prior art, the using method and the measuring wave speed are determined according to the description operation, and then whether a grouting section of a crushed stone layer is full of cement paste is judged according to the wave speed;
(5) secondary drilling operation: after the single-hole shear wave speed test in the drilling hole is qualified, the cement grouting in the drilling hole is continuously solidified for 24 hours, the broken stone soil layer in the drilling hole is sealed by the cement grouting after grouting treatment, collapse, block falling, sticking and other accidents do not need to be worried about, normal drilling can be guaranteed, then the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine is taken down, the diamond drill bit is replaced, the diameter of the diamond drill bit is smaller than that of the composite sheet drill bit, the diamond drill bit is used for carrying out secondary drilling on the solidified cement slurry, and the control parameters of the secondary drilling are as follows: in the process of drilling, the pressure of drilling is preferably 4Mpa, the rotating speed of the drilling machine is controlled at 200r/min, the pumping capacity is controlled at 40L/min, the secondary drilling length of drilling is controlled at 1.0m, and after the diamond bit is secondarily drilled to the original hole depth, the drilling machine takes out the solidified cement slurry after the drilling is started.
The wall protection method for drilling holes in the embodiment 3 is simple and reasonable, the wall protection method for matching drilling holes with cement grouting is adopted, the process of installing and taking out the protection pipe and the protection pipe is omitted, the technical problems that the broken stone layer is serious in water leakage and slurry leakage and the hole wall is extremely easy to collapse can be solved, the implementation of the embodiment not only ensures engineering quality and construction progress, but also reduces construction difficulty, improves construction efficiency, saves construction cost, can generate good social benefit and economic benefit, and compared with the existing heel pipe wall protection process, the construction period can be shortened by 20 days, the construction cost can be saved by 3.5 ten thousand yuan, and the construction efficiency is improved by 30%.
Claims (5)
1. The cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for the gravel soil layer drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) and (3) preparation of construction: firstly cleaning a construction site, then driving a drilling machine to a hole site to be constructed, and aligning the center of a composite bit with the center of a site to be drilled to conduct hole guiding;
(2) and (3) performing primary drilling operation: the drilling machine is started after leveling, when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the depth of 5m, the deviation of the verticality of the open hole is rechecked, drilling is continued after the composite sheet drill bit is qualified, the pressure of the drill hole needs to be controlled at 5.0-8.0 Mpa, the rotating speed is controlled at 200-300 r/min, the pump capacity is controlled at 50-60L/min, the secondary drilling rule is controlled at 0.8-1.20 m, and when the composite sheet drill bit drills to the position below a broken stone layer section by 0.5-1 m, the drilling machine drills out to take out a rock core;
(3) preparing cement grouting: firstly, preparing cement mortar and an accelerator which are prepared in advance into cement grouting for later use according to the mass ratio of 8.5:1.5-2, wherein the strength of the cement mortar is M5;
(4) grouting in the hole: taking out the core by the drilling machine, taking down the composite sheet drill bit on the drilling machine, replacing the grouting drill bit, slowly drilling the grouting drill bit to the bottom of the hole at the bottom of the broken stone layer, then injecting the cement grouting prepared in the step (3) into the drilled hole by using a water pump, so that the broken stone section in the drilled hole is filled with the cement grouting, controlling the grouting pressure of the water pump to be 0.5-0.6 Mpa, controlling the grouting time to be 20-30 min, and controlling the rotary drilling speed of the drilling machine to be 110-120 r/min after the grouting of the water pump is finished for 5-6 min;
(4) and (3) quality detection: after the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine is started, a suspension type wave speed logging instrument is adopted to test the single-hole shearing wave speed of the drilling hole according to the principle of 0.8-1 m/measuring point, and then whether the grouting section of the crushed stone layer is full of cement slurry is judged according to the wave speed;
(5) secondary drilling operation: and after the single-hole shear wave speed in the drilled hole is tested to be qualified, continuously solidifying the cement grouting in the drilled hole for 12-24 hours, then taking down the grouting drill bit of the drilling machine, replacing the diamond drill bit, wherein the diameter of the diamond drill bit is smaller than that of the composite sheet drill bit, then carrying out secondary drilling on the solidified cement paste by utilizing the diamond drill bit, and taking out the solidified cement paste after the drilling machine drills up to the original hole depth after the diamond drill bit drills secondarily.
2. The cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling into a crushed soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the process is characterized in that: in step (3): the cement mortar is prepared by mixing cement, middle sand and water, wherein the mass ratio of the cement to the middle sand to the water is 1:6.3-6.9:1.28-1.4.
3. The cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling into a crushed soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the process is characterized in that: in step (3): the accelerator is a mixture formed by mixing sulfate, formate and nitrate, and the mass ratio of the sulfate to the formate to the nitrate is 1:1-2:0.8-1.2.
4. The cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling into a crushed soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the process is characterized in that: in step (5): control parameters of secondary drilling: in the process of drilling, the pressure of drilling is preferably 3-4 Mpa, the rotating speed of the drilling machine is controlled to be 150-200 r/min, the pumping capacity is controlled to be 30-40L/min, and the secondary drilling length is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m.
5. The cement slurry hole sealing and wall protecting process for drilling into a crushed soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the process is characterized in that: in step (5): the diameter of the diamond bit is smaller than the diameter of the composite sheet bit by 19-35 mm.
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| KR102210275B1 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-02-02 | 주식회사 한국지오텍 | Grouting method using grouting injection pattern analysis and taking action method |
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| CN110644492A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-01-03 | 中国葛洲坝集团市政工程有限公司 | Comprehensive grouting construction method for steep dip angle wide-crack stratum |
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