CN114014192B - Winch braking system - Google Patents

Winch braking system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114014192B
CN114014192B CN202111467348.8A CN202111467348A CN114014192B CN 114014192 B CN114014192 B CN 114014192B CN 202111467348 A CN202111467348 A CN 202111467348A CN 114014192 B CN114014192 B CN 114014192B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brake
valve
winch
oil
winding drum
Prior art date
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Application number
CN202111467348.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114014192A (en
Inventor
邹韬
李新献
谷文平
陈世业
刘忠饶
郭小飞
安万平
赵旭
罗国善
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South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
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South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
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Application filed by South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to CN202111467348.8A priority Critical patent/CN114014192B/en
Publication of CN114014192A publication Critical patent/CN114014192A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/08—Driving gear incorporating fluid motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/30—Rope, cable, or chain drums or barrels
    • B66D1/34—Attachment of ropes or cables to drums or barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/24—Operating devices
    • B66D5/26—Operating devices pneumatic or hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure

Abstract

The invention provides a winch braking system, which comprises a braking hydraulic system and a winch, wherein the braking hydraulic system is used for controlling the winch and comprises an oil tank, an output oil path, a braking oil path and an emergency oil path; be equipped with the brake oil circuit between oil tank and output oil circuit, the brake oil circuit includes first brake valves and second brake valves, above-mentioned structure, when the winch normal operating, the oil tank is carried hydraulic oil to the winch motor through rising port or decline port and is realized that the winch rises hawser or decline hawser, first brake valve and second brake valve are in normally open state through the effect of hydraulic oil, can adopt first brake valve and second brake valve to carry out brake control simultaneously when the winch hangs the man-hour, further strengthen the stability of brake, and when the winch hangs the man-hour, if one of them brake valve oil circuit appears unusually, another brake valve can also realize brake control, the personnel safety problem when having guaranteed the winch hangs the man-hour.

Description

Winch braking system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of winch brake safety, in particular to a winch brake system.
Background
The winch is a light and small hoisting device for hoisting or pulling heavy objects by winding a steel wire rope or a chain by using a winding drum, and the winch is generally provided with a safety protection device for playing a safety protection role when the winch does not work or a power source suddenly fails in the working process of the winch.
The conventional winch safety protection device comprises a brake disc, a hydraulic oil cylinder for driving the brake disc to act and a control oil way for controlling the hydraulic oil cylinder to act. When a hydraulic motor for driving the winch breaks down, the control oil circuit controls the hydraulic oil cylinder to drive the brake disc to act, the winch realizes braking, heavy objects are prevented from falling off from the air, and the safety protection effect is achieved.
When the crane has the requirement of lifting people, according to the specification requirement of ABS classification society, a set of additional braking system is needed to be added to the winch, and the control oil path of the brake is independent of the brake control oil path of the original reduction gearbox, so that the two braking functions are prevented from being abnormal when the original brake oil path is abnormal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a winch brake system which is provided with two sets of brake systems with different control oil paths, so that the problem of accidents caused by failure of brake function when the oil paths are abnormal during hoisting can be solved, and the winch brake system is provided with an emergency function, so that the normal operation of the brake function can be ensured when the oil paths can not supply oil normally.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a winch braking system comprises a braking hydraulic system and a winch, wherein the braking hydraulic system is used for controlling the winch and comprises an oil tank, an output oil path, a braking oil path and an emergency oil path; and a brake oil way is arranged between the oil tank and the output oil way, and comprises a first brake valve group and a second brake valve group.
And a lifting port, a descending port, an oil drainage port and an emergency port are arranged on the oil tank.
The winch is characterized in that the output oil path comprises a winch motor and a brake valve, the winch motor is connected with an oil tank, the brake valve is arranged on the winch motor, the brake oil path drives the brake valve to be arranged, the winch motor drives the winch to be arranged, and the brake valve comprises a first brake valve and a second brake valve.
The first brake valve group comprises a first brake shuttle valve and a first brake pressure reducing valve, wherein one end of the first brake shuttle valve is connected with a lifting port, the other end of the first brake shuttle valve is connected with a descending port, the third end of the first brake shuttle valve is connected with the first brake valve, and the first brake pressure reducing valve is arranged between the third end of the first brake shuttle valve and the first brake valve.
Above setting, need loosen the brake after the brake when the winch rises, the oil tank exports hydraulic oil to first brake valve through the play to rise the port, and the one end of first brake shuttle valve can be opened and make the one end intercommunication third end of first brake shuttle valve, and the hydraulic oil that follows the output of play to rise the port flows to first brake valve through the third end of first brake shuttle valve for first brake valve is opened and is made the winch normally rise.
When the winch descends, the brake needs to be released after the brake is released, the oil tank outputs hydraulic oil to the first brake valve through the descending port, the other end of the first brake shuttle valve is opened, so that the other end of the first brake shuttle valve is communicated with the third end, the hydraulic oil output from the descending port flows to the first brake valve through the third end of the first brake shuttle valve, the first brake valve is opened, and the winch normally descends.
The second brake valve group comprises a second brake shuttle valve, a second brake pressure reducing valve and a brake regulating valve group, one end of the second brake shuttle valve is connected with the lifting port, the other end of the second brake shuttle valve is connected with the descending port, the third end of the second brake shuttle valve is connected with the brake regulating valve group, the brake regulating valve group is further connected with the second brake valve, and the second brake pressure reducing valve is arranged between the third end of the second brake shuttle valve and the brake regulating valve group.
Above setting, the winch is when lifting goods, and the switching-over of brake adjusting valve group is plugged up the oil circuit between second brake valve and the oil tank for hydraulic oil in the second brake valve can't flow back to the oil tank, thereby makes the second brake valve be in normally open state always.
When the winch hoists a person, the brake adjusting valve group is reversed to communicate an oil path between the second brake valve and the oil tank; when the oil tank stops supplying oil to the winch motor, hydraulic oil in the second brake valve normally flows back to the oil tank, so that the normally-opened second brake valve is closed to realize braking under the pressing action of the hydraulic oil.
When the winch lifts, the brake needs to be loosened after the brake, one end of the second brake shuttle valve is opened, so that one end of the second brake shuttle valve is communicated with the third end, hydraulic oil output from the lifting port flows to the brake regulating valve group through the third end of the second brake shuttle valve, and the hydraulic oil flows to the second brake valve through the brake regulating valve group, so that the second brake valve is opened, and the winch normally lifts.
When the winch descends, the other end of the second brake shuttle valve is opened to enable the other end of the second brake shuttle valve to be communicated with the third end, hydraulic oil output from the descending port flows to the brake regulating valve group through the third end of the second brake shuttle valve, the hydraulic oil flows to the second brake valve through the brake regulating valve group to realize braking, and the second brake valve is opened to enable the winch to normally descend.
Still be equipped with emergent oil circuit between oil tank and output oil circuit, emergent oil circuit includes first emergent ball valve, the emergent ball valve of second, the emergent ball valve of third and emergent oil pump, emergent port is connected to the one end of emergent oil pump, the second brake valve is connected to the other end of emergent oil pump, is equipped with first emergent ball valve between the other end of second brake valve and emergent oil pump, is equipped with the emergent ball valve of second between second brake valve and brake governing valve group, and the other end of emergent oil pump still is connected with the other end of first brake shuttle valve through the emergent ball valve of third, and first emergent ball valve is the normal close with the emergent ball valve of third, and the emergent ball valve of second is normally open.
According to the arrangement, when the first brake valve and the second brake valve cannot normally supply oil, the first emergency ball valve and the third emergency ball valve are opened, the second emergency ball valve is closed, and the emergency oil pump conveys hydraulic oil to the second brake valve through the first emergency ball valve to open the second brake valve so as to release the brake; hydraulic oil still flows to the other end of first brake shuttle valve through the emergent ball valve of third, and hydraulic oil makes it open from first brake shuttle valve flow direction first brake valve and realizes unclamping the brake, from this, has guaranteed through emergent oil circuit that guarantee the normal operating of brake function when the unable normal fuel feeding of oil circuit.
The winch comprises a winding drum, a winding drum shaft, a first support, a second support, a reduction gearbox and a winding drum bearing seat, wherein the reduction gearbox is arranged on the first support, one end of the winding drum shaft is connected with the reduction gearbox, the other end of the winding drum shaft is rotatably arranged on the second support through the winding drum bearing seat, the winding drum is arranged on the winding drum shaft between the first support and the second support, a cable is arranged on the winding drum, and the output oil way drives the winch to be arranged.
Above-mentioned structure, when the winch normal operating, the oil tank carries hydraulic oil to the winch motor through lifting port or decline port and realizes that the winch rises to rise hawser or decline hawser, first brake valve and second brake valve are in normally open state through the effect of hydraulic oil, when the winch is when the brake, lifting port or decline port stop output hydraulic oil, therefore, the intercommunication is at the oil tank and is backward flowed to the oil tank in the first brake valve between the winch motor, thereby make originally realize normally open first brake valve closure through the suppression effect of hydraulic oil, and then realize the brake.
Meanwhile, if the winch is in a goods lifting state, when the winch brakes, the brake adjusting valve group is reversed to block an oil path between the second brake valve and the oil tank, so that when the oil tank stops supplying oil to the winch motor, hydraulic oil in the second brake valve cannot flow back to the oil tank, the second brake valve is always in a normally open state, and the first brake valve is adopted to perform brake control when the winch lifts goods.
If the winch is in the state of lifting a person, when braking, the switching-over of brake adjusting valve group, communicate the oil circuit between second brake valve and the oil tank, therefore, when the oil tank stops to supply oil for the winch motor, hydraulic oil in the second brake valve normally flows back to the oil tank, thereby make originally realize the closure of normally open second brake valve through the suppression effect of hydraulic oil, first brake valve also closes in step simultaneously, first brake valve and second brake all brake, above setting, can adopt first brake valve and second brake valve to carry out brake control when the winch lifts a person simultaneously, further strengthen the stability of brake, and lift a person at the winch, if one of them brake valve oil circuit appears unusually, another brake valve can also realize brake control, the personnel safety problem when the winch lifts a person has been guaranteed.
Furthermore, the lifting port is connected with one end of the winch motor through a lifting oil pump, the descending port is connected with the other end of the winch motor through a descending oil pump, and the oil drainage end of the winch motor is connected with the oil drainage port. According to the arrangement, when the winch rises, the lifting oil pump outputs hydraulic oil to the winch motor from the oil tank and returns to the oil tank through the oil drainage port to form a circulating oil path so as to realize the lifting action of the winch; when the winch descends, the descending oil pump outputs hydraulic oil to the winch motor from the oil tank and returns to the oil tank through the oil drainage port to form a circulating oil path so as to realize the descending action of the winch.
Furthermore, the winch further comprises a brake, the brake comprises a first brake and a second brake, the first brake is arranged on the reduction gearbox and connected with one end of the winding drum shaft, the second brake is arranged on the winding drum bearing seat and connected with the other end of the winding drum shaft, and the brake valve drives the brake to be arranged. Above setting, when braking, thereby realize the brake through the first stopper of brake valve drive and the second stopper drive reel axle stall.
The brake adjusting valve group comprises a brake adjusting reversing valve, a brake adjusting shuttle valve and a brake adjusting one-way valve, the second brake reducing valve is connected with the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve, the A end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is connected with one end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve, the T end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is connected with the oil drainage port, the B end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is connected with one end of the brake adjusting one-way valve, the other end of the brake adjusting one-way valve is connected with the other end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve, and the third end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve is connected with the second brake valve; and a second emergency ball valve is arranged between the third end of the brake regulating shuttle valve and the second brake valve.
According to the arrangement, when the winch lifts goods, the brake adjusting reversing valve reverses, so that the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is communicated with the B end, and the other end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve is communicated with the third end, so that hydraulic oil can flow to the second brake valve through the brake adjusting reversing valve, and the second brake valve is kept in a normally open state; when the winch lifts cargos and brakes, the oil tank stops supplying oil to the winch motor, the first brake valve is normally closed to realize braking, the brake adjusting one-way valve is arranged between the end B of the brake adjusting reversing valve and the brake adjusting shuttle valve, the other end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve is communicated with the third end, one end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve is blocked, hydraulic oil in the second brake valve is blocked and cannot normally flow back to the oil tank under the one-way circulation action of the brake adjusting one-way valve, and therefore the second brake valve is kept in a normally open state during cargo lifting.
When a winch lifts a person, the brake adjusting reversing valve reverses to enable the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve to be communicated with the A end, one end of the car adjusting shuttle valve is communicated with the third end, and therefore hydraulic oil can flow to the second brake valve through the brake adjusting reversing valve to enable the second brake valve to be kept in a normally open state; when a winch lifts a person and brakes, the oil tank stops supplying oil to the winch motor, the first brake valve is normally closed to realize braking, and meanwhile, the second brake valve and the brake adjusting reversing valve are communicated, so that hydraulic oil in the second brake valve can normally flow back to the oil tank through the end A and the end P of the brake adjusting reversing valve, and the first brake valve and the second brake valve can brake.
Further, rise to be equipped with balanced valves between port and the winch motor, balanced valves includes balanced relief pressure valve and balanced check valve, rise to rise the port is connected to the one end of balanced relief pressure valve, and the winch motor is connected to the other end of balanced relief pressure valve, balanced check valve sets up with balanced relief pressure valve is parallelly connected from this, through the setting of balanced valves for the winch is when rising to rise, and the hydraulic oil that the oil tank flowed to the winch motor is stable, and the velocity of flow is undulant can not be too big.
Further, the winding drum comprises a winding drum rod and winding drum baffles arranged at two ends of the winding drum rod, and a winding drum shaft is arranged on the winding drum baffles; the rope pressing plate is arranged on the drum baffle at one end of the drum and fixed on the drum baffle through a rope pressing bolt, the head of the mooring rope is fixed on the drum baffle through the rope pressing plate, the middle of the mooring rope is wound and connected on the drum rod, and the tail of the mooring rope is connected with a lifting hook. The head of the cable is fixed by the cable pressing plate, so that the cable cannot easily fall off the drum when the cable is lowered to the limit length.
Furthermore, the winch motor is connected with the reduction gearbox, and when the winch works, the winch motor drives the reduction gearbox to rotate, so that the winding drum connected with the reduction gearbox is driven to rotate, and the hoisting or descending of the cable rope is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a brake hydraulic system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drawworks of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at D in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at E in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view at F in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a winch brake system includes a brake hydraulic system 1 and a winch 2, wherein the brake hydraulic system 1 is used for controlling the winch 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the brake hydraulic system 1 includes an oil tank 11, an output oil path 3, a brake oil path 4, and an emergency oil path 5; be equipped with brake oil circuit 4 between oil tank 11 and output oil circuit 3, brake oil circuit 4 includes first brake valves 6 and second brake valves 7.
A lifting port 12, a descending port 13, an oil drainage port 14 and an emergency port 15 are arranged on the oil tank 11.
Output oil circuit 3 includes winch motor 31 and brake valve 32, winch motor 31 is connected oil tank 11, brake valve 32 sets up on winch motor 31, brake oil circuit 4 drive brake valve 32 sets up, winch motor 31 drive winch 2 sets up, brake valve 32 includes first brake valve 321 and second brake valve 322. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the first brake valve group 6 includes a first brake shuttle valve 61 and a first brake pressure reducing valve 62, one end 611 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 is connected to the lifting port 12, the other end 612 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 is connected to the lowering port 13, a third end 613 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 is connected to the first brake valve 321, and the first brake pressure reducing valve 62 is arranged between the third end 613 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 and the first brake valve 321.
In this embodiment, the opening of brake valve is closed for pressing the spring that sets up in the brake valve through hydraulic oil inflow brake valve in, and the spring is compressed and is made the brake valve open under the circumstances that has hydraulic oil, and when hydraulic oil backward flow, there is not hydraulic oil in the brake valve, and the spring that is located in the brake valve can be closed the brake valve through the rebound effect, and the drive brake part realizes the brake from this, and concrete brake moves as prior art, will not describe more in the following.
With the above arrangement, when the winch 2 is lifted, the brake needs to be released after the brake is released, the oil tank 11 outputs hydraulic oil to the first brake valve 321 through the lifting port 12, one end 611 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 can be opened to enable one end 611 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 to be communicated with the third end 613, and the hydraulic oil output from the lifting port 12 flows to the first brake valve 321 through the third end 613 of the first brake shuttle valve 61, so that the first brake valve 321 is opened and the winch 2 is lifted normally.
When the brake needs to be released after the brake is applied when the winch 2 descends, the oil tank 11 outputs hydraulic oil to the first brake valve 321 through the descending port 13, the other end 612 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 is opened to communicate the other end 612 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 with the third end 613, and the hydraulic oil output from the descending port 13 flows to the first brake valve 321 through the third end 613 of the first brake shuttle valve 61, so that the first brake valve 321 is opened and the winch descends normally.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the second brake valve group 7 includes a second brake shuttle valve 71, a second brake pressure reducing valve 72 and a brake regulating valve group 73, one end 711 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 is connected to the lifting port 12, the other end 712 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 is connected to the lowering port 13, a third end 713 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 is connected to the brake regulating valve group 73, the brake regulating valve group 73 is further connected to the second brake valve 322, and the second brake pressure reducing valve 72 is disposed between the third end 713 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 and the brake regulating valve group 73.
According to the arrangement, when the winch 2 lifts goods, the brake adjusting valve group 73 is reversed to block an oil path between the second brake valve 322 and the oil tank 11, so that hydraulic oil in the second brake valve 322 cannot flow back to the oil tank 11, and the second brake valve 322 is always in a normally open state;
when the winch 2 lifts a person, the brake adjusting valve group 73 is reversed to communicate an oil path between the second brake valve 322 and the oil tank 11; when the oil tank 11 stops supplying oil to the winch motor 31, the hydraulic oil in the second brake valve 322 normally flows back to the oil tank 11, so that the normally-opened second brake valve 322 is closed to realize braking under the pressing action of the hydraulic oil.
When the brake needs to be released after the brake is lifted by the winch 2, one end 711 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 is opened, so that the one end 711 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 is communicated with the third end 713, hydraulic oil output from the lifting port 12 flows to the brake regulating valve group 73 through the third end 713 of the second brake shuttle valve 71, and the hydraulic oil flows to the second brake valve 322 through the brake regulating valve group 73, so that the second brake valve 322 is opened, and the winch 2 is lifted normally.
When the winch descends, the other end 712 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 is opened so that the other end 712 of the second brake shuttle valve 71 communicates with the third end 713, hydraulic oil output from the descending port 13 flows to the brake regulating valve group 73 through the third end 713 of the second brake shuttle valve 71, and hydraulic oil flows to the second brake valve 322 through the brake regulating valve group 73 to realize braking, so that the second brake valve 322 is opened and the winch 2 descends normally.
As shown in fig. 1, an emergency oil path 5 is further provided between the oil tank 11 and the output oil path 3, the emergency oil path 5 includes a first emergency ball valve 51, a second emergency ball valve 52, a third emergency ball valve 53 and an emergency oil pump 54, one end of the emergency oil pump 54 is connected to the emergency port 15, the other end of the emergency oil pump 54 is connected to the second brake valve 322, the first emergency ball valve 51 is provided between the second brake valve 322 and the other end of the emergency oil pump 54, the second emergency ball valve 52 is provided between the second brake valve 322 and the brake adjusting valve group 73, the other end of the emergency oil pump 54 is further connected to the other end 612 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 through the third emergency ball valve 53, the first emergency ball valve 51 and the third emergency ball valve 53 are normally closed, and the second emergency ball valve 52 is normally open;
according to the arrangement, when the first brake valve 321 and the second brake valve 322 cannot normally supply oil, the first emergency ball valve 52 and the third emergency ball valve 53 are opened, the second emergency ball valve 52 is closed, and the emergency oil pump 54 conveys the hydraulic oil to the second brake valve 322 through the first emergency ball valve 52 to open the second brake valve 322 so as to release the brake; hydraulic oil also flows to the other end 612 of the first brake shuttle valve 61 through the third emergency ball valve 53, and the hydraulic oil flows to the first brake valve 321 from the first brake shuttle valve 61 to be opened to realize brake release, so that the normal operation of the brake function is ensured when the oil path cannot be normally supplied with oil through the emergency oil path 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the winch 2 includes a winding drum 21, a winding drum shaft 22, a first support 23, a second support 24, a reduction box 25 and a winding drum bearing seat 26, the reduction box 25 is arranged on the first support 23, one end of the winding drum shaft 22 is connected with the reduction box 25, the other end of the winding drum shaft 22 is rotatably arranged on the second support 24 through the winding drum bearing seat 26, the winding drum 21 is arranged on the winding drum shaft 22 between the first support 23 and the second support 24, a cable 20 is arranged on the winding drum 21, and the output oil path 3 drives the winch 2 to be arranged.
In the above structure, when the winch 2 normally operates, the oil tank 11 conveys hydraulic oil to the winch motor 31 through the lifting port 12 or the descending port 13 to realize that the winch 2 lifts the cable 20 or descends the cable 20, the first brake valve 321 and the second brake valve 322 are in a normally open state through the action of the hydraulic oil, and when the winch 2 brakes, the lifting port 12 or the descending port 13 stops outputting the hydraulic oil, so that the hydraulic oil in the first brake valve 321 communicated between the oil tank 11 and the winch motor 31 flows back to the oil tank 11, and the normally open first brake valve 321 is closed under the pressing action of the hydraulic oil, thereby realizing braking;
meanwhile, if the winch 2 is in a goods lifting state, during braking, the brake adjusting valve group 73 is reversed to block an oil path between the second brake valve 322 and the oil tank 11, so that when the oil tank 11 stops supplying oil to the winch motor 31, hydraulic oil in the second brake valve 322 cannot flow back to the oil tank 11, the second brake valve 322 is always in a normally open state, and therefore the first brake valve 321 is adopted for brake control during goods lifting of the winch 2;
if the winch 2 is in a person lifting state, when the winch is braked, the brake adjusting valve group 73 is reversed, and an oil path between the second brake valve 322 and the oil tank 11 is communicated, so that when the oil tank 11 stops supplying oil to the winch motor 31, hydraulic oil in the second brake valve 322 normally flows back to the oil tank 11, and therefore the normally-opened second brake valve 322 is closed under the pressing action of the hydraulic oil originally, meanwhile, the first brake valve 321 is also closed synchronously, the first brake valve 321 and the second brake valve 322 brake, the above arrangement is adopted, when the winch is used for lifting a person, the first brake valve 321 and the second brake valve 322 can be adopted for brake control at the same time, the stability of the brake is further enhanced, and when the winch 2 lifts a person, if the oil path of one brake valve is abnormal, the other brake valve can also realize brake control, and the personnel safety problem when the winch 2 lifts a person is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 1, the hoisting port 12 is connected to one end of the winch motor 31 via a hoisting oil pump 121, the lowering port 13 is connected to the other end of the winch motor 31 via a lowering oil pump 131, and the drain port 14 is connected to a drain end 311 of the winch motor 31. With the above arrangement, when the winch 2 is lifted, the lifting oil pump 121 outputs the hydraulic oil from the oil tank 11 to the winch motor 31 and returns the hydraulic oil to the oil tank 11 through the oil drainage port 14 to form a circulating oil path, so that the lifting action of the winch 2 is realized; when the winch 2 descends, the descending oil pump 13 outputs hydraulic oil from the oil tank 11 to the winch motor 31 and returns to the oil tank 11 through the oil drain port 14 to form a circulating oil path to realize the descending operation of the winch 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the winch 2 further includes a brake, the brake includes a first brake 27 and a second brake 28, the first brake 27 is disposed on the reduction gearbox 25 and connected to one end of the spool shaft 22, the second brake 28 is disposed on the spool bearing seat 26 and connected to the other end of the spool shaft 22, and the brake valve 32 drives the brake. With the above arrangement, during braking, the spool shaft 22 is driven to stop rotating by the first brake 27 and the second brake 28 driven by the brake valve 32, so as to implement braking, in this embodiment, the first brake 27 and the second brake 28 are common devices for stopping moving parts, and a specific braking manner is the prior art, and will not be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 5, the brake adjusting valve set 73 includes a brake adjusting reversing valve 731, a brake adjusting shuttle valve 732 and a brake adjusting check valve 733, the second brake reducing valve 72 is connected to the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731, the a end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is connected to one end 7321 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732, the T end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is connected to the oil drain port 14, the B end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is connected to one end of the brake adjusting check valve 733, the other end of the brake adjusting check valve 733 is connected to the other end 7322 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732, and the third end 7323 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732 is connected to the second brake valve 322; a second emergency ball valve 52 is provided between the third end 7323 of the brake modulator shuttle valve 732 and the second brake valve 322.
With the arrangement, when the winch 2 lifts goods, the YV50 end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is electrified and reversed, so that the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is communicated with the B end, and the other end 7322 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732 is communicated with the third end 7323, therefore, hydraulic oil can flow to the second brake valve 322 through the brake adjusting reversing valve 731, so that the second brake valve 322 is kept in a normally open state; when the winch 2 lifts goods and brakes, the oil tank 11 stops supplying oil to the winch motor 31, the first brake valve 321 is normally closed to realize braking, and because the brake adjusting one-way valve 733 is arranged between the end B of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 and the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732, and the other end 7322 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732 is communicated with the third end 7323, one end 7321 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732 is blocked, and then through the one-way circulation function of the brake adjusting one-way valve 733, the hydraulic oil in the second brake valve 322 is blocked and cannot normally flow back to the oil tank 11, thereby ensuring that the second brake valve 322 is kept in a normally open state when lifting goods.
When a winch lifts a person, the YV51 end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is electrically reversed, so that the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731 is communicated with the A end, one end 7321 of the brake adjusting shuttle valve 732 is communicated with the third end 7323, and therefore, hydraulic oil can flow to the second brake valve 322 through the brake adjusting reversing valve 731, and the second brake valve 322 is kept in a normally open state; when the winch lifts a person and brakes, the oil tank 11 stops supplying oil to the winch motor 31, the first brake valve 311 is normally closed to realize braking, and meanwhile, the second brake valve 322 is communicated with the brake adjusting reversing valve 731, so that hydraulic oil in the second brake valve 322 can normally flow back to the oil tank 11 through the end A and the end P of the brake adjusting reversing valve 731, braking of both the first brake valve 321 and the second brake valve 322 is realized, and therefore, when the winch lifts a person, if one of the brake valve oil paths is abnormal, the other brake valve can also realize braking control, and the personnel safety problem when the winch 2 lifts a person is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 1, be equipped with balanced valves 10 between lifting port 12 and winch motor 31, balanced valves 10 is including balanced relief pressure valve 101 and balanced check valve 102, lifting port 12 is connected to the one end of balanced relief pressure valve 101, and winch motor 31 is connected to the other end of balanced relief pressure valve 101, balanced check valve 102 sets up with balanced relief pressure valve 101 is parallelly connected, from this setting, through balanced valves 10's setting for winch 2 is when rising, and the hydraulic oil that oil tank 11 flows to winch motor 31 is stable, and the velocity of flow is undulant can not be too big.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the spool 21 includes a spool rod 211 and spool barriers 212 disposed at both ends of the spool rod 211, and the spool shaft 22 is disposed on the spool barriers 212; a rope pressing plate 213 is arranged on the drum baffle 212 at one end of the drum rod 211, the rope pressing plate 213 is fixed on the drum baffle 212 through a rope pressing bolt 214, the head of the cable 20 is fixed on the drum baffle 212 through the rope pressing plate 213, the middle of the cable 20 is wound and connected on the drum rod 211, and the tail of the cable 20 is connected with a hook (not shown in the figure). By this arrangement, the head of the cable 20 is fixed by the cable pressing plate 213, so that the cable 20 is not easily separated from the drum 21 even when it is lowered to a limited length.
As shown in fig. 2, the winch motor 31 is connected to the reduction box 25, and when the winch 2 works, the winch motor 31 drives the reduction box 25 to rotate, so as to drive the winding drum 21 connected to the reduction box 25 to rotate, thereby lifting or lowering the cable 20.

Claims (6)

1. The winch braking system comprises a braking hydraulic system and a winch, wherein the braking hydraulic system is used for controlling the winch, and is characterized in that: the brake hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an output oil path, a brake oil path and an emergency oil path; a brake oil path is arranged between the oil tank and the output oil path, and comprises a first brake valve group and a second brake valve group;
a lifting port, a descending port, an oil drainage port and an emergency port are arranged on the oil tank;
the winch motor is connected with the oil tank, the brake valve is arranged on the winch motor, the brake oil path drives the brake valve to be arranged, the winch motor drives the winch to be arranged, and the brake valve comprises a first brake valve and a second brake valve;
the first brake valve group comprises a first brake shuttle valve and a first brake pressure reducing valve, one end of the first brake shuttle valve is connected with the lifting port, the other end of the first brake shuttle valve is connected with the descending port, the third end of the first brake shuttle valve is connected with the first brake valve, and the first brake pressure reducing valve is arranged between the third end of the first brake shuttle valve and the first brake valve;
the second brake valve bank comprises a second brake shuttle valve, a second brake pressure reducing valve and a brake adjusting valve bank, one end of the second brake shuttle valve is connected with the lifting port, the other end of the second brake shuttle valve is connected with the descending port, the third end of the second brake shuttle valve is connected with the brake adjusting valve bank, the brake adjusting valve bank is also connected with the second brake valve, and the second brake pressure reducing valve is arranged between the third end of the second brake shuttle valve and the brake adjusting valve bank;
an emergency oil path is further arranged between the oil tank and the output oil path, the emergency oil path comprises a first emergency ball valve, a second emergency ball valve, a third emergency ball valve and an emergency oil pump, one end of the emergency oil pump is connected with an emergency port, the other end of the emergency oil pump is connected with a second brake valve, a first emergency ball valve is arranged between the second brake valve and the other end of the emergency oil pump, a second emergency ball valve is arranged between the second brake valve and a brake adjusting valve group, the other end of the emergency oil pump is further connected with the other end of the first brake shuttle valve through the third emergency ball valve, the first emergency ball valve and the third emergency ball valve are normally closed, and the second emergency ball valve is normally open;
the winch comprises a winding drum, a winding drum shaft, a first support, a second support, a reduction box and a winding drum bearing seat, wherein the reduction box is arranged on the first support, one end of the winding drum shaft is connected with the reduction box, the other end of the winding drum shaft is rotatably arranged on the second support through the winding drum bearing seat, the winding drum is arranged on the winding drum shaft between the first support and the second support, a cable is arranged on the winding drum, and the output oil path drives the winch to be arranged;
the brake adjusting valve group comprises a brake adjusting reversing valve, a brake adjusting shuttle valve and a brake adjusting one-way valve, the second brake reducing valve is connected with the P end of the brake adjusting reversing valve, the A end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is connected with one end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve, the T end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is connected with the oil drainage port, the B end of the brake adjusting reversing valve is connected with one end of the brake adjusting one-way valve, the other end of the brake adjusting one-way valve is connected with the other end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve, and the third end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve is connected with the second brake valve; and a second emergency ball valve is arranged between the third end of the brake adjusting shuttle valve and the second brake valve.
2. The winch braking system of claim 1, wherein: the lifting port is connected with one end of the winch motor through a lifting oil pump, the descending port is connected with the other end of the winch motor through a descending oil pump, and the oil drainage port is connected with the oil drainage port of the winch motor.
3. The winch braking system of claim 2, wherein: the winch further comprises a brake, the brake comprises a first brake and a second brake, the first brake is arranged on the reduction gearbox and connected with one end of the winding drum shaft, the second brake is arranged on the winding drum bearing seat and connected with the other end of the winding drum shaft, and the brake valve drives the brake to be arranged.
4. The winch braking system of claim 2, wherein: a balance valve group is arranged between the lifting port and the winch motor and comprises a balance pressure reducing valve and a balance check valve, one end of the balance pressure reducing valve is connected with the lifting port, the other end of the balance pressure reducing valve is connected with the winch motor, and the balance check valve and the balance pressure reducing valve are arranged in parallel.
5. The winch braking system of claim 1, wherein: the winding drum comprises a winding drum rod and winding drum baffles arranged at two ends of the winding drum rod, and a winding drum shaft is arranged on the winding drum baffles; the rope pressing plate is arranged on the winding drum baffle at one end of the winding drum and fixed on the winding drum baffle through a rope pressing bolt, the head of the mooring rope is fixed on the winding drum baffle through the rope pressing plate, the middle of the mooring rope is wound and connected on the winding drum rod, and the tail of the mooring rope is connected with a lifting hook.
6. The winch braking system of claim 2, wherein: the winch motor is connected with the reduction gearbox.
CN202111467348.8A 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Winch braking system Active CN114014192B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111467348.8A CN114014192B (en) 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Winch braking system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111467348.8A CN114014192B (en) 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Winch braking system

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CN114014192B true CN114014192B (en) 2023-04-07

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112340630A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-09 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Emergency hydraulic system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB424223A (en) * 1933-10-25 1935-02-18 David Macleish Smith Improvements relating to braking equipments for moving apparatus such as hoisting, winding, hauling and like gear
JP2012025522A (en) * 2010-07-22 2012-02-09 Hitachi Sumitomo Heavy Industries Construction Crane Co Ltd Winch apparatus
US9221656B2 (en) * 2013-08-07 2015-12-29 Ingersoll-Rand Company Braking systems for pneumatic hoists
CN108584739B (en) * 2017-12-21 2023-04-28 青岛天时海洋石油装备有限公司 Emergency overload protection system and working method thereof

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112340630A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-09 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Emergency hydraulic system

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