CN114005582B - Dynamic submarine cable, preparation method and device thereof - Google Patents
Dynamic submarine cable, preparation method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114005582B CN114005582B CN202111264146.3A CN202111264146A CN114005582B CN 114005582 B CN114005582 B CN 114005582B CN 202111264146 A CN202111264146 A CN 202111264146A CN 114005582 B CN114005582 B CN 114005582B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/14—Submarine cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/22—Cables including at least one electrical conductor together with optical fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/184—Sheaths comprising grooves, ribs or other projections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/005—Power cables including optical transmission elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic submarine cable, a preparation method and a device thereof, and relates to the technical field of submarine cables. The dynamic submarine cable comprises an electric unit, an optical unit, a filling piece, an inner protective layer, an armor layer and an outer protective layer, wherein the outer protective layer comprises an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the spiral lines extend along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve in a spiral manner, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration. The preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable comprises the following steps: providing an electrical unit, a light unit and a filler; preparing a submarine cable core; forming an inner protective layer for coating the submarine cable core; forming an armor layer for coating the inner protective layer; forming an outer protective layer coating the armor layer. The preparation device of the dynamic submarine cable comprises an outer sheath extrusion device. The spiral lines extend along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve in a spiral manner, so that vortex-induced vibration of the dynamic submarine cable can be prevented through the spiral lines, and the engineering installation and laying cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of submarine cables, in particular to a dynamic submarine cable, a preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable and a device thereof.
Background
As wind turbines gradually move to open deep sea, floating wind power has become a trend of offshore wind power. Foreign wind power developers and related institutions such as Scotland, japan and France have been put into operation in 2009 by a few experimental prototypes, and in recent years, wind power operators and submarine cable manufacturing enterprises in China have also successively conducted basic research on dynamic submarine cables. Dynamic submarine cables are in a complex deep sea environment and suffer from various potential safety hazards, vortex-induced vibration is one of the most important, and the vortex-induced vibration is caused by vortexes alternately generated at two sides of the dynamic submarine cable when ocean currents flow through the dynamic submarine cable, and is an important factor for causing fatigue damage of the dynamic submarine cable.
In the related art, vortex-induced vibration is restrained by installing a spoiler outside the outer sheath of the dynamic submarine cable, so that the service life of the dynamic submarine cable is prolonged.
However, the outer installation of the spoiler on the outer sheath of the dynamic submarine cable increases both the accessory cost and the construction cost, thereby increasing the engineering installation and laying costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dynamic submarine cable, a preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable and a device thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the cost of accessories and construction cost are increased due to the fact that a spoiler is arranged outside an outer sheath of the dynamic submarine cable, so that the cost of engineering installation and laying is increased.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic submarine cable comprising an electrical unit, an optical unit, a filler, an inner sheath, an armor layer, and an outer sheath;
The electric unit, the optical unit and the filling piece form a submarine cable core, the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer are wrapped outside the submarine cable core, and the armor layer is arranged between the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer;
the outer protective layer comprises a smooth sleeve and spiral lines, the smooth sleeve is wrapped on the outer side of the armor, the spiral lines are arranged on the outer side of the smooth sleeve and extend along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve in a spiral mode, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration.
Optionally, the outer diameter of the smooth sleeve is 100-200 mm, the pitch of the spiral lines is 15-20 times that of the optical sliding sleeve, the height of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, the width of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, and the spiral angle of the spiral lines is 75-85 degrees.
Optionally, the smooth sleeve and the spiral threads are integrally formed, and the smooth sleeve and the spiral threads are made of one of high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, polyurethane and the like.
Optionally, the electric unit comprises a water blocking conductor, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a first wrapping layer, a metal shielding layer, a second wrapping layer and a split-phase inner protective layer are sequentially arranged outside the water blocking conductor.
Optionally, the filling member is a filling strip or a filling rope, and a plurality of filling members are arranged in gaps among the electric unit, the optical unit and the inner protective layer.
Optionally, the armor is formed by the different directional winding of many galvanized steel wires, the number of piles of armor is even layer and is two-layer at least, every layer the armor is provided with the armor outward, the material of armor is non-metal tape around the covering.
Optionally, a cable-forming wrapping layer is arranged between the submarine cable core and the inner protective layer, and the cable-forming wrapping layer is made of nonmetal wrapping tape.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a dynamic submarine cable, comprising the steps of:
Providing an electrical unit, a light unit and a filler;
Preparing a submarine cable core through the electric unit, the optical unit and the filling piece;
Forming an inner protective layer coating the submarine cable core;
Forming an armor layer coating the inner protective layer;
forming an outer protective layer coating the armor layer;
The outer protective layer comprises an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the outer side of the armor is wrapped by the optical sliding sleeve, the spiral lines are arranged on the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve and extend along the axial direction of the optical sliding sleeve in a spiral mode, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a preparation device of a dynamic submarine cable, comprising an outer sheath extrusion device, wherein the outer sheath extrusion device comprises a rotary machine head, a rotary machine head die and a vertical cooling water pipe;
The rotary machine head is vertically arranged, the rotary machine head die is detachably arranged at the lower end of the rotary machine head, and the rotary machine head die is used for restraining extruded materials to form a dynamic submarine cable with an outer protective layer;
The vertical cooling water pipe is positioned below the rotary machine head die and is used for cooling the outer protective layer;
The outer protective layer comprises an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the spiral lines are arranged on the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve, the spiral lines extend along the axial direction of the optical sliding sleeve in a spiral mode, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration.
Optionally, the rotary head die is provided with a constraining channel comprising one circular channel and at least one triangular channel extending helically along the axis of the circular channel.
The invention provides a dynamic submarine cable, a preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable and a device thereof, wherein an outer protective layer of the dynamic submarine cable consists of an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the spiral lines extend along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve in a spiral way, vortex alternately generated at two sides of the dynamic submarine cable when ocean currents flow through the dynamic submarine cable can be effectively restrained through the spiral lines, vortex-induced vibration of the dynamic submarine cable is prevented, a mode of installing a spoiler at the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve is abandoned, and therefore engineering installation and laying cost can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another state structure of a dynamic submarine cable according to FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electrical unit of the dynamic submarine cable of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a dynamic submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of an extrusion device for an outer sheath according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary die head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cooling structure of a dynamic submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10-an electrical unit; 11-a water-blocking conductor; 12-a conductor shield layer;
13-an insulating layer; 14-an insulating shielding layer; 15-a first cladding layer;
16-a metal shielding layer; 161-copper wire shielding layer; 162-copper tape shielding layer;
17-a second cladding layer; 18-phase separation inner protective layer; 20-light unit;
30-filling piece; 40-an inner sheath; 50-armor layer;
51-a first armoured cladding layer; 52-a second armor winding; 60-an outer sheath;
61-an optical sliding sleeve; 62-spiral lines; 70-cabling wrap;
1-rotating a machine head; 2-rotating a machine head die; 21-circular channel;
22-triangular channels; 3-vertical cooling water pipes.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, either fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the above description, descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
In the related art, vortex-induced vibration is restrained by installing a spoiler outside the outer sheath of the dynamic submarine cable, so that the service life of the dynamic submarine cable is prolonged. However, the outer installation of the spoiler on the outer sheath of the dynamic submarine cable increases both the accessory cost and the construction cost, thereby increasing the engineering installation and laying costs.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a dynamic submarine cable, a preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable and a device thereof, wherein an outer protective layer of the dynamic submarine cable consists of an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the spiral lines extend along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve, vortex generated alternately at two sides of the dynamic submarine cable when ocean currents flow through the dynamic submarine cable can be effectively restrained through the spiral lines, vortex-induced vibration of the dynamic submarine cable is prevented, a mode of installing a spoiler at the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve is abandoned, and therefore accessory cost and construction cost can be reduced, and engineering installation and laying cost can be further reduced. In addition, the dynamic submarine cable provided by the invention can also solve the problem that accessories such as the balancing weight and the buoyancy block slide when in use, and the problem that the accessories such as the balancing weight and the buoyancy block slide when in use is avoided by the locking device, so that the accessories such as the balancing weight and the buoyancy block can be conveniently installed, and the engineering installation and laying cost can be further reduced.
The dynamic submarine cable, the preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable and the device thereof provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another state structure of a dynamic submarine cable according to FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electrical unit of the dynamic submarine cable provided in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic submarine cable including an electrical unit 10, an optical unit 20, a filler member 30, an inner sheath 40, an armor layer 50, and an outer sheath 60. The electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30 form a submarine cable core, the outside of the submarine cable core is wrapped with an inner protective layer 40 and an outer protective layer 60, and the armor layer 50 is arranged between the inner protective layer 40 and the outer protective layer 60.
Wherein the number of electrical units 10 is 3. As shown in fig. 3, the electric unit 10 includes a water-blocking conductor 11, a conductor shielding layer 12, an insulating layer 13, an insulating shielding layer 14, a first wrapping layer 15, a metal shielding layer 16, a second wrapping layer 17, and a split-phase inner sheath 18, and the conductor shielding layer 12, the insulating layer 13, the insulating shielding layer 14, the first wrapping layer 15, the metal shielding layer 16, the second wrapping layer 17, and the split-phase inner sheath 18 are sequentially disposed outside the water-blocking conductor 11.
The water-blocking conductor 11 is formed by twisting a semiconductor water-blocking tape and soft copper wires. The embodiment of the present invention does not particularly limit the water blocking conductor 11, and the size of the water blocking conductor 11 may be determined according to actual needs.
It should be noted that the water-blocking conductor 11 needs to meet the 200m water depth water-blocking requirement.
In an alternative embodiment, the water blocking conductor 11 is obtained by concentrically twisting at least 1 semiconducting water blocking tape and at least 1 soft copper wire.
The conductor shielding layer 12 is wrapped outside the water blocking conductor 11, and the conductor shielding layer 12 can be used for homogenizing the electric field of the water blocking conductor 11 and improving the transmission performance of the dynamic submarine cable. The conductor shield layer 12 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and may be a shield layer commonly used in the art.
The material of the conductor shielding layer 12 may be low density polyethylene. In other implementations, the shielding layer 12 may be made of other materials, which are not specifically described herein.
The insulating layer 13 wraps the conductor shielding layer 12, and the insulating layer 13 can ensure the insulativity of the electric units 10 and prevent the adjacent two electric units 10 from being broken down. The insulating layer 13 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be an insulating layer commonly used in the art.
The insulating layer 13 may be made of crosslinked polyethylene. In other implementations, the insulating layer 13 may be made of other materials, which are not specifically described herein.
The insulating shielding layer 14 is wrapped outside the insulating layer 13, and the insulating shielding layer 14 can be used for homogenizing the electric field of the insulating layer 13 and improving the transmission performance of the dynamic submarine cable. The insulating shield layer 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a shield layer commonly used in the art.
The insulating barrier 14 may be made of low density polyethylene. In other implementations, other materials for the insulating and shielding layer 14 may be used, and no specific arrangement is made here.
The first wrapping 15 is a semiconductive water-blocking tape wrapping. The first wrapping layer 15 is wrapped on the outer side of the insulating shielding layer 14 by adopting a semiconductive water blocking tape, and the first wrapping layer 15 is used for playing a water blocking effect. The thickness of the semiconductive water blocking tape used for the first wrapping 15 may be determined according to actual needs. For example, to meet the 200m water deep blocking requirement of the electrical unit 10, the thickness of the semiconducting water blocking tape employed by the first wrap 15 may be greater than 0.1mm.
The metal shielding layer 16 includes a copper wire shielding layer 161 and a copper tape shielding layer 162, and the metal shielding layer 16 is used for shielding electromagnetic waves. The copper wire shielding layer 161 is wrapped outside the first wrapping layer 15 with copper wires. Copper tape shield 162 is wrapped around the outside of copper wire shield 161 with copper tape.
The second wrapping 17 is a semiconducting water-blocking tape wrapping. The second wrapping layer 17 is wrapped on the outer side of the copper strip shielding layer 162 by adopting a semiconductive water blocking tape, and the second wrapping layer 17 is used for playing a water blocking effect. The thickness of the semiconductive water blocking tape can be determined according to actual needs by the semiconductive water blocking tape used for the second wrapping layer 17. For example, the thickness of the semiconducting water-resistant tape used for the second cladding layer 17 may be greater than 0.1mm in order for the electrical unit 10 to meet 200m water depth blocking requirements.
The split-phase inner sheath 18 is extruded outside the second wrapping layer 17, and the split-phase inner sheath 18 is used for ensuring equipotential of the metal shielding layer 16 and the split-phase inner sheath 18 and also used for playing a longitudinal water blocking effect. The phase separation inner sheath 18 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a phase separation inner sheath commonly used in the art.
The material of the split-phase inner sheath 18 may be one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.
The light unit 20 comprises an optical fiber, a stainless steel tube, a polyethylene inner sheath, a steel wire armor layer and a polyethylene outer sheath from inside to outside. The light unit 20 is twisted with the electrical unit 10. The number of the light units 20 is 1 to 3.
The filler 30 is filled in the gaps among the electric unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the inner sheath 40, and the filler 30 serves to increase the weight of the cable and to improve the mechanical strength of the cable while ensuring the roundness of the cable core of the submarine cable. The number of the packing members 30 is plural. The filler 30 may be a filler strip or a filler rope. The filler strip may be made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, a mixture of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, etc., and is not specifically provided herein. The material of the filling cord may be polypropylene or the like, and no particular arrangement is made here.
The inner sheath 40 wraps the outer side of the submarine cable core, and the inner sheath 40 is used for protecting the electric unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30, so that the service life of the dynamic submarine cable can be prolonged. The embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited to the inner sheath 40, and all the protection of the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30 falls within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
The material of the inner sheath 40 may be one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.
The armor layer 50 is formed by winding a plurality of armor wires in opposite directions. Wherein, galvanized steel wires can be used as the armoured steel wires. The number of armor layers 50 is even and at least two, so that the mechanical strength and fatigue service life of the dynamic submarine cable can be improved.
In order to effectively prevent and reduce the abrasion of the dynamic submarine cable under the dynamic environmental load and meet the service life requirements under the action of large water depth, large weight and severe environmental load, an armor wrapping layer is arranged outside each armor layer, and the armor wrapping layer is made of nonmetal wrapping tape.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of armor layers 50 is two, a first armor wrap 51 is disposed between the two armor layers 50, and a second armor wrap 52 is disposed on the outside of the two armor layers 50.
The outer sheath 60 wraps the outer side of the armor layer 50, and the outer sheath 60 is used for protecting the submarine cable core, the inner sheath 40 and the armor layer 50, so that the service life of the dynamic submarine cable can be prolonged. The embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited to the outer sheath 60, and any cable core, the inner sheath 40 and the armor layer 50 that can protect the submarine cable are within the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, the material of the outer sheath 60 may be one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.
The outer sheath 60 includes a smooth sleeve 61 and a spiral pattern 62, the smooth sleeve 61 is wrapped on the outer side of the armor layer 50, the spiral pattern 62 is provided on the outer side of the smooth sleeve 61, the spiral pattern 62 extends along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve 61 in a spiral manner, and the spiral pattern 62 is used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration.
The cross-sectional shape of the spiral line 62 is determined according to practical situations, for example, the cross-sectional shape of the spiral line 62 may be a polygon such as triangle, square, etc., and no specific arrangement is made here.
The optical sliding sleeve 61 and the spiral threads 62 may be integrally formed. In other implementations, the smooth sleeve 61 and the spiral threads 62 may be created separately, without specific provision.
In an alternative embodiment, to meet the dynamic operation of a dynamic submarine cable at 50-300 meters, the outside diameter of the optical sliding sleeve is 100-200 mm, the pitch of the helical grooves is 15-20 times the outside diameter of the smooth sleeve, the height of the helical grooves is 10-20 mm, the width of the helical grooves is 10-20 mm, and the helix angle of the helical grooves is 75-85 °.
According to the dynamic submarine cable provided by the embodiment of the invention, the outer protective layer 60 of the dynamic submarine cable is composed of the smooth sleeve 61 and the spiral lines 62, the spiral lines 62 extend along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve 61 in a spiral manner, vortex generated alternately at two sides of the dynamic submarine cable when ocean currents flow through the dynamic submarine cable can be effectively restrained through the spiral lines 62, vortex-induced vibration of the dynamic submarine cable is prevented, a mode of installing a spoiler at the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve is abandoned, and therefore the vortex-induced vibration is restrained, the accessory cost and the construction cost can be reduced, and the engineering installation and laying cost can be further reduced. In addition, the dynamic submarine cable provided by the embodiment of the invention can also solve the problem that accessories such as the balancing weight and the buoyancy block slide when in use, and the problem that the accessories such as the balancing weight and the buoyancy block slide when in use is eliminated by the locking device, so that the accessories such as the balancing weight and the buoyancy block can be conveniently installed, and the engineering installation and laying cost can be further reduced.
Optionally, a cable-forming wrapping layer 70 is disposed between the submarine cable core and the inner sheath 40, and the cable-forming wrapping layer 70 is used for fixing the submarine cable core, so that stability of the submarine cable core can be improved.
The material of the cabling sheath 70 is nonmetallic taping.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a dynamic submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention further provides a preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable, which comprises the following steps:
s100: an electrical unit 10, a light unit 20 and a filler 30 are provided.
Specifically, the number of the electric units 10 is 3. The number of the light units 20 is 1 to 3.
S200: a submarine cable core is prepared by the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler piece 30.
Specifically, the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20, and the filler 30 are stranded by a cabling machine to form a submarine cable core.
S300: an inner sheath 40 is formed that encases the submarine cable core.
Specifically, the inner sheath 40 is formed by extrusion molding on the outside of the submarine cable core by an extruder. The material of the inner sheath 40 may be one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.
Optionally, to improve the stability of the submarine cable core, a nonmetallic wrapping tape is wrapped on the outside of the submarine cable core by a first wrapping device between the submarine cable core and the inner sheath 40 to form a cable wrapping layer 70.
S400: an armor layer 50 is formed over the inner jacket.
Specifically, a plurality of armoured steel wires are armoured outside the inner sheath 40 by armouring means. Wherein, galvanized steel wires can be used as the armoured steel wires. The number of armor layers 50 is even and at least two, so that the mechanical strength and fatigue service life of the dynamic submarine cable can be improved.
In order to effectively prevent and reduce the abrasion of the dynamic submarine cable under the dynamic environmental load and meet the service life requirements under the action of large water depth, large weight and severe environmental load, an armor wrapping layer is arranged outside each armor layer 50, and the armor wrapping layer is made of nonmetal wrapping tape.
Optionally, in order to effectively prevent and reduce the abrasion of the dynamic submarine cable under the dynamic environmental load, and meet the service life requirements under the action of large water depth, large weight and severe environmental load, the nonmetallic wrapping tape is wrapped between the two armor layers 50 by the second wrapping device, and the first armor wrapping layer 51 and the second armor wrapping layer 52 are formed on the outer sides of the two armor layers 50.
S500: an outer jacket 60 is formed over the armor layer 50.
Specifically, the outer jacket 60 is formed by extrusion of an outer jacket extrusion device on the outside of the armor layer 50. The material of the outer sheath 60 may be one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.
The outer sheath 60 includes a smooth sleeve 61 and a spiral pattern 62, the smooth sleeve 61 is wrapped on the outer side of the armor layer 50, the spiral pattern 62 is provided on the outer side of the smooth sleeve 61, the spiral pattern 62 extends along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve 61 in a spiral manner, and the spiral pattern 62 is used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration.
The cross-sectional shape of the spiral pattern 62 may be polygonal, such as triangle, square, etc., and is not specifically set forth herein.
The optical sliding sleeve 61 and the spiral threads 62 may be integrally formed. In other implementations, the smooth sleeve 61 and the spiral threads 62 may be created separately, without specific provision.
In order to meet the requirement that the dynamic submarine cable dynamically operates under 50-300 meters, the outer diameter of the optical sliding sleeve is the outer diameter of the smooth sleeve, the pitch of the spiral lines is 15-20 times that of the smooth sleeve, the height of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, the width of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, and the spiral angle of the spiral lines is 75-85 degrees.
Before providing the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30, the electrical unit 10 needs to be prepared by:
S110: drawing metal copper into soft copper wires by a copper large drawing machine; the semiconductor water-blocking tape and the plurality of soft copper wires are twisted by a frame twisting machine to form the water-blocking conductor 11.
S120: the water-blocking conductor 11 passes through a three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device, and the water-blocking conductor 11 leaving at the outlet of the three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device forms a three-layer co-extrusion conductor shielding layer 12, an insulation layer 13 and an insulation shielding layer 14.
Specifically, the material of the conductive shielding layer 12 may be low density polyethylene. The insulating layer 13 may be made of crosslinked polyethylene. The insulating barrier 14 may be made of low density polyethylene.
The specific extrusion molding process of the conductor shielding layer 12, the insulating layer 13 and the insulating shielding layer 14 is as follows: adding enough conductor shielding material, insulating material and insulating shielding material into the three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device, wherein the production line speed is 5-15 m/min during extrusion molding, the melting temperature of the conductor shielding material is 118-122 ℃, the melting pressure of the conductor shielding material is 360-380 bar, the melting temperature of the insulating material is 125-135 ℃, the melting pressure of the insulating material is 390-410 bar, the melting temperature of the insulating shielding material is 118-122 ℃, and the melting pressure of the insulating shielding material is 390-410 bar, so as to ensure continuous production of the three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device.
S130: forming a first wrapping layer 15 by wrapping the semiconductor resistor strip outside the insulating shielding layer 14; forming a copper wire shielding layer 161 by wrapping copper wires outside the first wrapping layer 15; forming a copper strip shielding layer 162 by wrapping copper strips outside the copper strip shielding layer 161; a second cladding layer 17 is formed around the row of semiconducting water-resistant tapes outside the copper tape shield 162.
After the first wrapping layer 15 is formed by wrapping the semiconductor water-blocking tape outside the insulating shielding layer 14, the water-blocking conductor 11 wrapped with the conductor shielding layer 12, the insulating layer 13 and the insulating shielding layer 14 needs to be deaerated, the deaeration temperature is controlled to be 60-65 ℃, and the deaeration time is not less than 30 days.
S140: the water-blocking conductor 11 wrapped with the first wrapping layer 15, the metal shielding layer 16 and the second wrapping layer 17 is extruded to form a split-phase inner sheath 18.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of an extrusion device for an outer sheath according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary die head according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cooling structure of a dynamic submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for preparing a dynamic submarine cable, which includes an outer sheath extrusion device, wherein the outer sheath extrusion device includes a rotary head 1, a rotary head die 2 and a vertical cooling water pipe 3.
Wherein the rotating head 1 is arranged vertically, the rotating head 1 is used for guiding extruded extrusion material to a rotating head die 2.
The rotary head die 2 is detachably mounted at the lower end of the rotary head 1, the rotary head die 2 can rotate along with the rotary head 1, and the rotary head die 2 is used for restraining extruded materials to form a dynamic submarine cable with an outer protective layer 60. The outer sheath 60 includes an optical sliding sleeve 61 and a spiral line 62, the spiral line 62 is disposed on the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve 61, the spiral line 62 extends along the axial direction of the optical sliding sleeve 61, and the spiral line 62 is used for suppressing vortex-induced vibration.
The rotary head die 2 is provided with a constraining passage depending on the sectional shape of the outer sheath 60.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the rotary head die 2 is provided with a constraining channel, which may include one circular channel 21 and at least one triangular channel 22, the triangular channel 22 extending helically along the axis of the circular channel 21, the circular channel 21 being used to constrain the extruded material to form the optical slip 61, the triangular channel 22 being used to constrain the extruded material to form the helical pattern 62. When the number of the triangular channels 22 is plural, the plural triangular channels 22 are arranged at uniform intervals outside the circular channel 21.
In another alternative embodiment, the rotary die 2 is provided with a constraining channel, which may also include a circular channel extending helically along the axis of the circular channel for constraining the extruded material to form the optical slip 61 and at least one square channel for constraining the extruded material to form the helical pattern 62. When the number of the square channels is plural, the square channels are uniformly spaced outside the circular channel.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, a vertical cooling water pipe 3 is located below the rotary head die 2, and the vertical cooling water pipe 3 is used for cooling the outer sheath 60. By providing the vertical cooling water pipe 3 to cool the outer sheath 60, it is possible to avoid damaging the spiral lines 62 when the outer sheath 60 is horizontally cooled by using the cooling groove provided with the guide wheel.
The vertical cooling water pipe 3 is a circular water pipe. It should be noted that, in fig. 7, the vertical cooling water pipe 3 only shows a partial schematic structural view.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The dynamic submarine cable is characterized by comprising an electric unit, an optical unit, a filling piece, an inner protective layer, an armor layer and an outer protective layer;
The electric unit, the optical unit and the filling piece form a submarine cable core, the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer are wrapped outside the submarine cable core, and the armor layer is arranged between the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer;
the outer protective layer comprises an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the outer side of the armor layer is wrapped by the smooth sleeve, the spiral lines are arranged on the outer side of the smooth sleeve and extend spirally along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration;
a cable-forming wrapping layer is arranged between the submarine cable core and the inner protective layer, and the cable-forming wrapping layer is made of a nonmetallic wrapping belt;
The filling pieces are filling strips or filling ropes, and a plurality of filling pieces are arranged in gaps among the electric unit, the optical unit and the inner protective layer;
the electric unit comprises a water-blocking conductor, wherein a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a first wrapping layer, a metal shielding layer, a second wrapping layer and a split-phase inner protective layer are sequentially arranged outside the water-blocking conductor;
The metal shielding layer comprises a copper wire shielding layer and a copper strip shielding layer, and is used for shielding electromagnetism; the copper wire shielding layer is wrapped on the outer side of the first wrapping layer by adopting a copper wire, and the copper strip shielding layer is wrapped on the outer side of the copper wire shielding layer by adopting a copper strip;
The outer diameter of the smooth sleeve is 100-200 mm, the pitch of the spiral lines is 15-20 times the outer diameter of the optical sliding sleeve, the height of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, the width of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, and the spiral angle of the spiral lines is 75-85 degrees.
2. The dynamic submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein the optical sliding sleeve and the spiral lines are integrally formed, and the optical sliding sleeve and the spiral lines are made of one of high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, polyurethane and the like.
3. The dynamic submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein the water-blocking conductor is formed by twisting a semiconducting water-blocking tape and soft copper wires;
The first wrapping layer and the second wrapping layer are both semiconductor resistor tape wrapping layers;
The split-phase inner protective layer is used for ensuring equipotential and longitudinal water blocking of the metal shielding layer and the split-phase inner protective layer.
4. The dynamic submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein the armor layer is formed by winding a plurality of galvanized steel wires in different directions, the number of layers of the armor layer is even and at least two, an armor winding layer is arranged outside each armor layer, and the armor winding layer is made of nonmetal wrapping tape.
5. The preparation method of the dynamic submarine cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Providing an electrical unit, a light unit and a filler;
Preparing a submarine cable core through the electric unit, the optical unit and the filling piece;
Forming an inner protective layer coating the submarine cable core;
Forming an armor layer coating the inner protective layer;
forming an outer protective layer coating the armor layer;
the outer protective layer comprises an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the outer side of the armor layer is wrapped by the smooth sleeve, the spiral lines are arranged on the outer side of the smooth sleeve and extend spirally along the axial direction of the smooth sleeve, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration;
a cable-forming wrapping layer is arranged between the submarine cable core and the inner protective layer, and the cable-forming wrapping layer is made of a nonmetallic wrapping belt;
The filling pieces are filling strips or filling ropes, and a plurality of filling pieces are arranged in gaps among the electric unit, the optical unit and the inner protective layer;
the electric unit comprises a water-blocking conductor, wherein a conductor shielding layer, an insulating shielding layer, a first wrapping layer, a metal shielding layer, a second wrapping layer and a split-phase inner protective layer are sequentially arranged outside the water-blocking conductor;
The metal shielding layer comprises a copper wire shielding layer and a copper strip shielding layer, and is used for shielding electromagnetism; the copper wire shielding layer is wrapped on the outer side of the first wrapping layer by adopting a copper wire, and the copper strip shielding layer is wrapped on the outer side of the copper wire shielding layer by adopting a copper strip;
The outer diameter of the smooth sleeve is 100-200 mm, the pitch of the spiral lines is 15-20 times the outer diameter of the optical sliding sleeve, the height of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, the width of the spiral lines is 10-20 mm, and the spiral angle of the spiral lines is 75-85 degrees.
6. The method of preparing a dynamic submarine cable according to claim 5, wherein before said providing an electrical unit, an optical unit and a filler, further comprising:
Drawing metal copper into soft copper wires by a copper large drawing machine; twisting the semiconductor water-resistant belt and a plurality of soft copper wires by a frame twisting machine to form a water-resistant conductor;
the water-blocking conductor passes through a three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device, and the water-blocking conductor leaving at the outlet of the three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device forms a three-layer co-extrusion conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer;
wrapping the semiconductive water blocking tape outside the insulating shielding layer to form a first wrapping layer; forming a copper wire shielding layer by wrapping the copper wire outside the first wrapping layer; wrapping a copper strip outside the copper wire shielding layer to form a copper strip shielding layer; forming a second wrapping layer by wrapping the semiconductor resistor strip outside the copper strip shielding layer;
and extruding the water-blocking conductor wrapped with the first wrapping layer, the metal shielding layer and the second wrapping layer to form the split-phase inner protective layer.
7. The method of manufacturing a dynamic submarine cable according to claim 6, wherein the extrusion process of the conductor shield layer, the insulating layer, and the insulating shield layer comprises:
Adding a conductor shielding material, an insulating material and an insulating shielding material into a three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device; during extrusion molding, the production line speed is 5-15 m/min, the melting temperature of the conductor shielding material is 118-122 ℃, the melting pressure of the conductor shielding material is 360-380 bar, the melting temperature of the insulating material is 125-135 ℃, the melting pressure of the insulating material is 390-410 bar, the melting temperature of the insulating shielding material is 118-122 ℃, and the melting pressure of the insulating shielding material is 390-410 bar, so that the continuous production of the three-layer co-extrusion crosslinking production device is ensured.
8. The method for preparing a dynamic submarine cable according to claim 7, wherein after the step of wrapping the semiconductive water blocking tape outside the insulating shield layer to form a first wrapping layer, the method further comprises:
and degassing the water-blocking conductor coated with the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer, wherein the degassing temperature is 60-65 ℃ and the degassing time is not less than 30 days.
9. A device for preparing a dynamic submarine cable, which is used for preparing the dynamic submarine cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising an outer sheath extrusion device, wherein the outer sheath extrusion device comprises a rotary machine head, a rotary machine head die and a vertical cooling water pipe;
The rotary machine head is vertically arranged, the rotary machine head die is detachably fixed at the lower end of the rotary machine head, and the rotary machine head die is used for restraining extruded materials to form a dynamic submarine cable with an outer protective layer;
The vertical cooling water pipe is positioned below the rotary machine head die and is used for cooling the outer protective layer;
The outer protective layer comprises an optical sliding sleeve and spiral lines, the spiral lines are arranged on the outer side of the optical sliding sleeve, the spiral lines extend along the axial direction of the optical sliding sleeve in a spiral mode, and the spiral lines are used for inhibiting vortex-induced vibration.
10. The apparatus for preparing a dynamic submarine cable according to claim 9, wherein said rotary head mould is provided with a constraining channel comprising one circular channel and at least one triangular channel extending helically along the axis of said circular channel.
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