CN114004442A - Multi-method-based homestead utilization information acquisition method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-method-based homestead utilization information acquisition method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1) selecting A village located in southeast and half-hill plain areas of Guizhou and B village located in northeast and mountain hill areas of Guizhou as typical case places; s2) the village region level data mainly comprise remote sensing image data, land utilization current situation data, land utilization change data and social and economic data of two villages; s3) based on the remote sensing image data; s4) with the continuous development of market economy, farmers are continuously changed from pure farmers with high homogenization to hybrid amateur farmers; s5) dividing village a into five sections a, b, c, d and e according to the distribution characteristics of A, B village homesteads and natural villages. The method for acquiring the information of the house base can formulate a house base utilization attribute table, and put forward an optimized regulation and control path and mechanism innovation of house base utilization transformation by depending on detailed data of land survey and household survey.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of remote sensing image information extraction, in particular to a multi-method-based method for acquiring home base utilization information.
Background
With the rapid advance of industrialization and urbanization, the management system of rural home-base is imperfect, and the problems of inefficient utilization such as 'one family with more homes', excessive occupation of the home-base, vacant home-base, abandonment and the like in rural areas are prominent and are continuously aggravated. The remote sensing technology is used as a non-contact information acquisition technology, especially the development of the current high-resolution remote sensing, and compared with the traditional ground actual survey visit, the remote sensing technology has the remarkable advantages of cost saving, short acquisition period and the like. However, the technology of automatically extracting the information of the 'rural empty and useless home base' from the high-resolution image is still blank at present, and the practical application mainly depends on a mode of combining indoor manual visual interpretation and outdoor visiting investigation.
The segmentation-based object-oriented information extraction technology is based on a human eye visual cognition mechanism, so that the pixel-based interpretation method is improved to an object-based interpretation method, the problems of 'same object and different spectrum' and 'same foreign object and spectrum' in a high-resolution remote sensing image are effectively solved, and the interpretation precision is improved. However, the existing object-oriented method often ignores the utilization of the existing high-precision data, so that the precision of the result of information extraction is low and the access with the existing data is large. At present, it is very necessary to explore the utilization behavior and the improvement will of the homestead in the process of the living population differentiation and provide an optimized regulation and control path and mechanism innovation of the homestead utilization transformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-method-based method for acquiring information of a home base. The method can formulate a homestead utilization attribute table, explore the homestead utilization behavior and the improvement willingness in the process of accrual differentiation of farmers by relying on detailed data of land survey and household survey, and provide an optimized regulation and control path and mechanism innovation of homestead utilization transformation.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is a multi-method-based method for acquiring the information of the home base, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) selecting A village located in southeast, half-hilly plain areas of the Guizhou and B village located in northern Guizhou and mountain hilly areas as typical case places, wherein the A village and the B village have typical topographic features, and the two villages have great difference in natural conditions such as air temperature, topographic features, rainfall and the like, economic geographic regions, industrial advantages, culture and the like, and have certain typicality and representativeness when being researched in Guangxi rural home base;
s2) the village region level data mainly comprise remote sensing image data, land utilization current situation data, land utilization change data and social and economic data of two villages. The remote sensing image data is a GoogleEarth image with the resolution of 0.3 m/pixel of the latest two villages downloaded through a professional electronic map downloader;
s3) based on the remote sensing image data, the 2017 land utilization status data, and the homestead data and land utilization change data obtained in the field investigation process, the inversion of village land utilization configuration status is realized, and a village-land database including the homestead land block in a plurality of time intervals is created;
s4) with the continuous development of market economy, farmers are continuously changed from pure farmers with high homogenization to hybrid amateurs, the mode of conspiracy is not limited to agricultural production any more, and rural house building is promoted by double income of working and agricultural production;
s5) dividing the village A into five subareas a, B, c, d and e according to the distribution characteristics of the homesteads and the natural villages of A, B, dividing the village B into two subareas a and B, and analyzing the spatial morphological distribution evolution characteristics of the homesteads of A, B;
still further, step S3) further includes the following method: vectorizing the homestead blocks on a remote sensing image map according to field survey results, adding fields, and carrying out one-to-one corresponding assignment on the vectorized homestead blocks according to homestead numbers on an attribute table to obtain farmer homestead space data; and secondly, performing data linkage on the space data of the homestead and the attribute data of the homestead based on the unique field of the homestead number, and constructing a farmer-homestead database with the homestead block as a basic unit.
Still further, step S4) further includes the following method: and under the facts that the market economy is continuously and deeply developed, the farmers gradually differentiate, the income of the farmers is continuously improved, and the house building requirements of the farmers are high, the phenomenon that the residential base in village B is continuously expanded outwards is formed.
Further, step S5) further includes the steps of:
s51) expanding the A village base, wherein the expanding trend of expanding towards the periphery of the village is continued, and the A village base is distributed in a dotted manner along the roadside;
s52), the convenience of production is the main factor influencing the site selection of the farmer house at this stage, and the expansion of the base of village B shows that the base is distributed in a dotted way along the roadside in addition to the trend of encryption and expansion towards the periphery of the village on the basis of the original old village.
The invention has the advantages that 1) two typical village areas are selected, a homestead utilization attribute table is formulated, and detailed data of land survey and household survey are relied on;
2) by means of remote sensing image data interpretation and a participatory rural evaluation method, space and attribute data of a farmer homestead are obtained, and space data and attribute data of the farmer homestead are obtained
3) Establishing correlation between spatial data and attribute data, constructing a 'peasant household-homestead' database, and inverting the evolution process of typical village-territory homesteads in different historical periods according to the correlation;
4) and the utilization behavior and the improvement will of the homestead in the process of the accrual differentiation of farmers are explored through questionnaire survey, and the optimization regulation and control path and mechanism innovation of homestead utilization transformation are provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-method based homestead utilization information acquisition method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of an application area of a multi-method based homestead use information acquisition method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an evolution diagram of the multi-method based homestead utilization information acquisition method of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph illustrating the expansion trend of the home obtained by the multi-method-based home use information acquisition method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following structural description and the accompanying drawings further describe the specific technical scheme of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-method based method for acquiring information of home base utilization according to the present invention includes the following steps:
selecting two typical villages, making a homestead utilization attribute table, obtaining space and attribute data of a farmer homestead by relying on detailed data of land survey and household survey, obtaining space and attribute data of the farmer homestead by means of remote sensing image data interpretation and a participatory rural evaluation method, establishing association of the space data and the attribute data, constructing a farmer-homestead database, inverting the evolution process of the typical village homestead in different historical periods, exploring the homestead utilization behavior and the improvement willingness in the farmer homestead life-counting differentiation process by questionnaire survey, and proposing the optimization regulation path and mechanism innovation of homestead utilization transformation.
The GIS is used as a platform to correlate the space data of the homestead with the attribute data of the peasant household, construct a 'peasant household-homestead' database, invert the evolution process of the homestead in typical villages in different historical periods, and provide a basis for exploring the homestead utilization behavior and homestead system innovation of the peasant household.
S1) selecting typical village
A village A in southeast and half-hilly plain areas of the Guizhou and a village B in northern Guizhou and mountain hilly areas are selected as typical case places, the village A and the village B have typical topographic features, the typical case places have great difference in natural conditions such as air temperature, topographic features and rainfall, economic geographic regions, industrial advantages, culture and the like, and the typical case places have certain typicality and representativeness when the village home base research in Guangxi provinces is carried out on the typical case places and the village B, and are shown in figure 2.
Village a is located in the east of Baisha town of Guiping city, west and town people governments are in hope of separating depression from river, east is connected with Yangjiang of Dawan town. The land is flat, the soil is fertile and the cultivated land resources are rich. The village water system is developed, belongs to the tropical monsoon climate of south Asia, and has mild climate and abundant rainfall. 7 natural tuns and 11 production teams are managed under A village, 721 residents, 4282 residents and 3200 yuan of annual income are all paid by the end of 2018, more than 70% of labor force of the whole village is mainly used by out-of-service workers, and non-agricultural production activities such as industry, service industry, construction industry and the like are mainly carried out in Dongguan and Shenzhen in Guangdong. At present, village A is mainly operated by small farmers, and large-scale planting and breeding activities are not existed in large-scale rural enterprises. The method is mainly used for planting traditional crops such as rice, sugarcane, peanut, corn, cassava and the like, the forest mainly comprises eucalyptus and pine trees, and a small amount of litchi trees are also planted. The places of the governments of people in villages and towns A are obstructed by the Yujiang river, sweetgum fruit and bridge opening are not realized temporarily, the travel of villagers is mainly boat ferry and is divided into vehicle ferry and pedestrian ferry, and one ferry is basically carried out every half hour; the major roads in the village are basically hardened, but the nearways to several natural villages in the east of the village are not communicated and hardened temporarily (the village is promoted to the project of land improvement), villagers need to go around long roads, and the transportation is inconvenient. Limited by economic development and traffic in villages, rural residential points in the whole village are scattered, and the wasteland is seriously abandoned along with the outflow of a large amount of population.
Village B is located in east of New street town in Guangyang county of Guilin, is 4 kilometers away from the town of people's government of the town, and is between 111 degrees 7 ' 30 ' to 111 degrees 9 ' 18 ' of east longitude and 25 degrees 23 ' 28 ' to 25 degrees 24 ' 54 ' of north latitude. The plot of the B village is flat and open, belongs to the season of the mid-subtropical monsoon, is clear in four seasons, pleasant in climate, rich in water resources, fertile in soil, suitable for the growth of various crops and rich in cultivated land resources. The village B has 31 villager groups in total, 657 residents and 1970 residents are all in 2800 yuan by 2018, more than 60% of labor force of the village B is mainly used for working outside, and non-agricultural production activities such as industry, construction industry, mining industry and the like are mainly carried out in Zhejiang, Guangdong, river ponds and the like. Besides the major workers, the whole village economy is mainly cultivated, the main crops comprise rice and sweet potatoes, the sweet potatoes are mainly used for processing sweet potato powder, and the sweet potato powder is a local special product; in addition, three pig farms with a certain scale are arranged in the village, which belong to the private cultivation of farmers in the village. And from 2015, the sugar oranges are planted in the contracting land with the industrial capital and part of farmers rent the contracting land. 495 rural roads pass through the village, the main roads in the village are basically hardened, and the traffic is convenient. Along with the increasing income level of villagers, rural residential points are expanded outwards continuously, and the phenomenon of idle abandonment of a homestead is serious.
S2) data Source
The data mainly come from two field researches of 2018, 21 days 10-27 days 10 and 2018, 11, 16 days 11-21 days 11, the research group consists of 4-5 researchers, and the research work is finished under the guidance of a mentor group.
The village area level data mainly comprise remote sensing image data of two villages, land utilization current situation data, land utilization change data and socioeconomic data. The remote sensing image data are the latest GoogleEarth images of two villages with the resolution of 0.3 m/pixel downloaded through a professional electronic map downloader, the image shooting time of the A village is1, 23 and 2017, and the image shooting time of the B village is10, 2 and 2015. The land utilization change data is mainly obtained by field research, particularly, the change situation of the land utilization of villages in recent decades is known in the village trunk interview, and the change situation mainly comprises the following contents: firstly, the construction year, the width change, the hardening condition and the like of the road; secondly, the change of the water surface of the pool, the change of the water level and the area and the like do not exist all the time; thirdly, the change of the forest land, which focuses on understanding the conversion condition of the cultivated land and the forest land after the implementation of the returning forest project, the change of the forest land area caused by eucalyptus planting and the like, and the like; fourthly, the adjustment condition of the planting structure, the variety of crops, the change condition of the orchard and the like; fifthly, abandoned situation and reason of dry land of paddy field; sixthly, the change of the ditch, the construction time, the reconstruction and expansion conditions and the like are carried out; and seventhly, the change condition of facility agricultural land, the cultivation condition of breeding pigs, cattle, aquatic products, factory crops and the like. The socioeconomic data includes A, B demographic data provided by two village councils, and data collected during the village stem research interview regarding village population, land, economic development, and homestead utilization.
The farmer level data mainly carries out one-to-one correspondence 'map falling' on the homestead blocks of 721 family in village A and 657 family in village B by investigators, trunk in village and the old familiar with the conditions in village through a mode of combining on-map and on-site interpretation according to remote sensing image data, adopts a semi-structure interview of a participatory rural evaluation method to know the basic information of the farmer family and the utilization condition of the homestead, and fills in a homestead utilization attribute table. The homestead utilization attribute table mainly includes two pieces of information: first, basic information of peasant household family, including name of household owner, household register population, frequent living population, agricultural dealing population, working dealing population, individual management number, combined working number, total living month number of household population per year, cultivated land area and the like; and secondly, the utilization conditions of the farmer house bases comprise the area of the house bases, the floor area of the house building, the building area, the construction year of the existing house, the house type, the attributes of the land before the house building and the like, if the house base is constructed before the house is constructed, the last construction year of the house, the current use situation of the house base, the vacant year and reason of the house base, the abandoned year and reason, the acquisition mode of the house base, whether the house is purchased in the town or not and the like.
S3) database construction
Under an ArcGISI 10.2 software platform, inversion of village land use configuration conditions is achieved based on remote sensing image data, 2017 land use current data, and homestead data and land use change condition data acquired in the field investigation process, and a village-land database of a plurality of time intervals including a homestead block is created and is specifically divided into five time intervals of 1980 ago, 1990, 2010 and 2018. On the basis of referring to a village-scale land use status classification system created by national standard of "classification of land use status", which is officially issued in 2007 (GB/T21010-2007) and by Xiaohua and the like, land use is divided according to actual conditions of two case villages, as shown in FIG. 3.
Under an ArcGISI 10.2 software platform, firstly, vectorizing a homestead block on a remote sensing image map according to field survey results, then adding fields, and carrying out one-to-one corresponding assignment on the vectorized homestead block according to the homestead by utilizing the homestead number on an attribute table to obtain the spatial data of the homestead of a farmer; and secondly, performing data linkage on the space data of the homestead and the attribute data of the homestead based on the unique field of the homestead number, and constructing a farmer-homestead database with the homestead block as a basic unit.
S4) expansion process of homesteads
With the continuous development of market economy, farmers are continuously changed from pure farmers with high homogeneity to heterogeneous and industrial farmers, the survival mode is not limited to agricultural production any more, and the double income of working and agricultural production promotes the climax of building in rural areas; under the conditions that the traditional house base cognition of peasant households is not broken, intensive land use saving awareness is not strong, village management planning is lacked for a long time, the inherent defects of the existing rural house bases and the strict land management are lacked, the phenomena that the construction of new houses of peasant households in the village A is continuously expanded outwards and the layout of the village house bases is disordered are formed. In 1980-2018, the number of the A village residential bases is increased from 470 to 934, and the area of the residential bases is increased from 9.90 ten thousand meters2Increased to 18.05 km2The average growth of the year is 0.21 ten thousand meters2. In the 80 s of the 20 th century, along with the first breakthrough of rural innovation, the production enthusiasm of farmers is unprecedentedly increased, enterprises in agriculture and villages and towns are developed vigorously, the income level and the life quality of the farmers are obviously improved, and simultaneously, along with the requirement of the adults in the peak period of the first population since the country construction, the newly-built house climbs are developed in the village A, and the house base expansion strength of the village A is the highest in the stage. In the 90 s of the 20 th century, development of rural enterprises is frustrated and a ticket system in 1992 is cancelled, so that a large amount of recessive unemployed labors bound in rural areas are promoted to go out to find a conspiracy mode, a lot of outflows are made from the A village labors, and house building heat tide is slowed down in the A village. In 2018 with addition of 2000-year cost, the area of the residential base in village A is continuously expanded with the continuous increase of the work income of farmers, and the area of the newly added residential base in 18 years is 4.74 ten thousand meters2The area of the house accounts for 58.14% of the area increment of the house in the years of 1980 and 2018, wherein the expanded area of the house in the village A in the year of 2010 and 2018 is the largest, and the area of the house accounts for 34.90% of the area increment of the house in the years of 1980 and 2018. The expansion of the homestead in village A is mainly shown as the encroachment of cultivated land, idle land and woodland, and the expansion of the homestead in 1980-2018 occupies the cultivated land area of 4.77 ten thousand meters2Occupies 2.72 ten thousand meters of vacant land area2And occupies forest land area of 0.26 ten thousand meters2。
Also inThe market economy is continuously and deeply developed, and the phenomenon that the homesteads in village B are continuously expanded outwards is formed under the facts that the farmers gradually differentiate in life, the income of the farmers is continuously improved, and the house building requirements of the farmers are high. In 1980-2018, the number of the B village houses was increased from 377 to 694, and the area of the houses was 7.70 ten thousand meters2The growth is increased to 14.66 ten thousand meters 2, and the growth per year is 0.18 ten thousand meters2. In the 1980-2010 year, the expansion of the neighborhood in the B village is in a gradual growth state, wherein the expansion scale and the expansion strength of the neighborhood in the 2000-2010 year are the largest, and the expansion scale and the expansion strength of the neighborhood in the B village are gradually reduced after the 2010 year. The expansion of the homestead in village B is mainly expressed as the invasion of cultivated land, and the expansion of the homestead in village B in 1980-2The area of the house accounts for 98.67% of the area increment of the house base in 1980-2018. As shown in fig. 4.
S5) evolution of the house space morphology
Generally, A, B the distribution of the bases of the two villages has the spatial distribution characteristic of 'large dispersion and small aggregation', according to the distribution characteristic of A, B the bases of the two villages and natural villages, the A village is divided into five subareas a, B, c, d and e, the B village is divided into two subareas a and B, and the spatial form distribution evolution characteristic of the bases of the A, B the two villages is analyzed according to the characteristics.
In the 80 s of the 20 th century, the expansion of the A village homestead is shown as expanding towards the periphery of a village on the basis of the original old village, the implementation of a family co-production contract responsibility system greatly releases the production enthusiasm of farmers, and the cultivation distance still deeply influences the house location of the farmers at the stage for facilitating production and life. In the 90 s of the 20 th century, the expansion of the A village base has the expansion trend of expanding towards the periphery of a village on one hand, and has the characteristic of being distributed in a dotted manner along the roadside on the other hand. In 2018, along with the development of rural social economy, the non-rural degree of farmers is continuously deepened, and convenient traffic conditions are convenient for not only trip but also beneficial to the development of rural two-industry and three-industry, so that the traffic conditions become the main factor of the site selection of the farmer houses in the new century, and the expansion of the home base in village A shows the characteristic of being encrypted, filled and distributed in a belt shape along the roadside.
From the reconstruction and extension mode of the homestead of new site construction and old site reconstruction, the characteristics of disordered outward expansion and intensive inward content utilization of the homestead of the A village are utilized. In 1980 and 2018, 464 home buildings were constructed in the new site of village a, and 466 home buildings were reconstructed in the old site. In 1980 and 1990, the reconstruction and extension mode of the homestead in village a is mainly based on new address construction; in 1990-2010, the expansion trend of the home base in village A is slowed down, the old address reconstruction behavior is increased rapidly, and the characteristics of inner-periphery filling and encryption expansion are presented; in 2010-2018, old site transformation and new site construction behaviors of village A are basically leveled, and the characteristics of outward rapid expansion and inward encrypted filling of the residential base utilization distribution are presented.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the embodiment. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be determined with reference to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-method based homestead utilization information acquisition method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) selecting A village located in southeast, half-hilly plain areas of the Guizhou and B village located in northern Guizhou and mountain hilly areas as typical case places, wherein the A village and the B village have typical topographic features, and the two villages have great difference in natural conditions such as air temperature, topographic features, rainfall and the like, economic geographic regions, industrial advantages, culture and the like, and have certain typicality and representativeness when being researched in Guangxi rural home base;
s2) the village domain level data mainly comprise remote sensing image data, land utilization current situation data, land utilization change data and social and economic data of the two villages, wherein the remote sensing image data are GoogleEarth images of the latest two villages with the resolution of 0.3 m/pixel downloaded through a professional electronic map downloader;
s3) based on the remote sensing image data, the 2017 land utilization status data, and the homestead data and land utilization change data obtained in the field investigation process, the inversion of village land utilization configuration status is realized, and a village-land database including the homestead land block in a plurality of time intervals is created;
s4) with the continuous development of market economy, farmers are continuously changed from pure farmers with high homogenization to hybrid amateurs, the mode of conspiracy is not limited to agricultural production any more, and rural house building is promoted by double income of working and agricultural production;
s5) dividing the village A into five subareas a, B, c, d and e according to the distribution characteristics of the village bases of A, B and the natural villages, dividing the village B into two subareas a and B, and analyzing the spatial morphological distribution evolution characteristics of the village bases of A, B.
2. The multi-method based homestead utilization information acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the step S3) further comprises the following steps: vectorizing the homestead blocks on a remote sensing image map according to field survey results, adding fields, and carrying out one-to-one corresponding assignment on the vectorized homestead blocks according to homestead numbers on an attribute table to obtain farmer homestead space data; and secondly, performing data linkage on the space data of the homestead and the attribute data of the homestead based on the unique field of the homestead number, and constructing a farmer-homestead database with the homestead block as a basic unit.
3. The multi-method based homestead utilization information acquisition method of claim 1, wherein the step S4) further comprises the following steps: and under the facts that the market economy is continuously and deeply developed, the farmers gradually differentiate, the income of the farmers is continuously improved, and the house building requirements of the farmers are high, the phenomenon that the residential base in village B is continuously expanded outwards is formed.
4. The multi-method based home base utilization information acquisition method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S5) further comprises the steps of:
s51) expanding the A village base, wherein the expanding trend of expanding towards the periphery of the village is continued, and the A village base is distributed in a dotted manner along the roadside;
s52), the convenience of production is the main factor influencing the site selection of the farmer house at this stage, and the expansion of the base of village B shows that the base is distributed in a dotted way along the roadside in addition to the trend of encryption and expansion towards the periphery of the village on the basis of the original old village.
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| CN116957883B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2024-04-05 | 南京智绘星图信息科技有限公司 | Construction land use control method based on data analysis |
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