CN114001974A - Method for evaluating collision response contribution of vehicle front component to passenger compartment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating the collision response contribution of a vehicle front component to a passenger compartment, which comprises the steps of carrying out a dynamometry wall collision test on a vehicle, acquiring vehicle B column acceleration data and collision force data of a dynamometry wall unit, obtaining total collision force and collision force of each component load path according to the corresponding position relation of each component at the front end of the vehicle and the dynamometry wall unit, calculating the motion mass of the passenger compartment, calculating the motion speed of each component load path according to the motion mass of the passenger compartment, and calculating the contribution value of each component load path to the deceleration of the passenger compartment according to the motion speed of each component load path. The method provided by the invention monitors the deformation mode of the front end structure of the vehicle in the collision working condition in real time by collecting the acceleration of the vehicle and the collision force of the force measuring wall, does not need auxiliary signals, is not limited by simulation precision, effectively reduces detection errors, provides an analysis basis for further optimization of a safe vehicle body, and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile detection, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the collision response contribution of a vehicle front component to a passenger compartment.
Background
In a frontal collision of an automobile, the passenger compartment deceleration has a significant influence on the passenger load, and the passenger compartment deceleration depends on the energy absorption characteristics of the vehicle front structure. Therefore, the deformation mode of the front-end collision component of the vehicle is dynamically monitored so as to control the deceleration of the passenger compartment, and the method has important research significance in the design stage of the vehicle collision structure.
For the frontal crash test, the deformation mode of the front cabin crash key parts (such as a front protective beam, an energy absorption box, a front longitudinal beam, a front support plate, a sub-frame connecting part, a power assembly, a sub-frame and the like) and the spatial arrangement of the front cabin parts are key factors for determining the crash waveform and the intrusion mode, and the dynamic deformation process of the parts is difficult to monitor in the test process. The monitoring means commonly used at present is to intercept the test animation to determine the deformation mode and the deformation moment of the collision key part by means of a CAE simulation test technology. The mode of monitoring the movement process of parts and the deformation mode of a passenger compartment through CAE simulation also needs to be assisted and judged by means of real vehicle collision acceleration signals arranged in an engine compartment of a vehicle, a vehicle front end deformation photo after collision and the like, and the movement deformation condition of a front compartment of an automobile frontal collision test is restored through reasoning. But subject to CAE accuracy, this provides only limited guidance for vehicle structural design.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for evaluating a contribution of a vehicle front component to a passenger compartment collision response, so as to monitor a vehicle front end structure deformation mode in the collision condition in real time, provide an analysis basis for further safety vehicle body optimization, and serve as a generalized analysis method for a frontal collision condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method of evaluating the contribution of a vehicle front component to the passenger compartment crash response, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out a force measuring wall collision test on the vehicle, and collecting the acceleration of a B column of the vehicle and the collision force of a force measuring wall unit;
(2) performing multivariate integration on the acceleration to obtain the speed and displacement of the passenger compartment;
(3) partitioning the collision force data of the force measuring wall unit according to the corresponding position relation between the load paths of all components at the front end of the vehicle and the force measuring wall unit to obtain total collision force and collision force of all the component load paths;
(4) calculating and verifying the motion quality of the passenger compartment in the collision process, and calculating the deceleration component of each part load path according to the motion quality of the passenger compartment;
(5) calculating the speed of each component load path, and calculating the contribution value of each component load path to the deceleration of the passenger compartment.
Preferably, the vehicle front end comprises at least one of the following components: the front bumper comprises a hair cover, a fender, a front protective beam, a radiator, an energy absorption box, a front longitudinal beam, a power assembly, a front supporting plate, an auxiliary frame and an auxiliary frame connecting piece.
Preferably, the method for calculating the movement mass of the passenger compartment in the step (4) is as follows:
performing primary integration according to the acceleration of the B column of the vehicle to obtain the speed of the passenger compartment, and determining the collision rebound time T of the passenger compartmentrCalculating TrMaximum value E of work done by each part at front end of vehicle in timemaxAccording to EmaxThe moving mass of the passenger compartment is calculated.
Preferably, the method for calculating and verifying the motion quality of the passenger compartment in the collision process in the step (4) is as follows:
the acceleration of the B column of the vehicle is integrated for one time to obtain the speed of the passenger compartment, and the collision rebound time T of the passenger compartment is determinedr，
At the beginning of collision to TrIn the time period of (2), as shown in equation 1, work E of each component at the front end of the vehicle is calculated:
E＝∫F(t)v formula 1
wherein F(t)The front end collision force of the vehicle at the time T, namely the total collision force obtained in the step (3), V is the speed of the passenger compartment, as shown in the formula 2, is obtained from the beginning of the collision to TrMaximum value of work E of each part at the front end of the vehicle in the time periodmax，
Emax＝MAX(∫F(t)V) formula 2
The moving mass M of the passenger compartment is calculated according to equation 3:
M＝V2(Emax-∫F(t)v)/2 formula 3
The moving mass of the passenger compartment is thus obtained,
by F(t)Calculating the passenger compartment acceleration of movement by/M, wherein F(t)And (3) obtaining the motion speed of the passenger cabin according to the motion acceleration integral of the passenger cabin at the moment t, obtaining the motion displacement of the passenger cabin through secondary integral, comparing the motion acceleration, the motion speed and the motion displacement of the passenger cabin with the acceleration, the speed and the displacement in the step (2) respectively, comparing whether the variation trend is consistent or not, comparing the corresponding moment when the calculated motion speed is 0 with the corresponding moment when the speed measured by the B column is 0, and when the time difference is within 5ms, considering that the variation trend is consistent, and when the variation trend is consistent, considering that the motion quality is correct.
Preferably, the calculation method of the component load path deceleration in step (4) is as follows:
a component of component load path deceleration is calculated from the component load path impact force divided by the moving mass of the passenger compartment.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and (3) adding deceleration components of the load paths of all the parts to obtain equivalent deceleration, integrating the equivalent deceleration to obtain a calculated equivalent speed of the passenger compartment, comparing the calculated equivalent speed of the passenger compartment with the speed in the step (2), and determining whether a loading path is omitted.
Compared with the prior art, the method for evaluating the contribution of the vehicle front component to the collision response of the passenger compartment has the following advantages:
the method provided by the invention monitors the deformation mode of the front end structure of the vehicle in the collision working condition in real time by collecting the acceleration of the vehicle and the collision force of the force measuring wall, does not need auxiliary signals, is not limited by simulation precision, effectively reduces detection errors, provides an analysis basis for further optimization of a safe vehicle body, and has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of evaluating a vehicle front component contribution to passenger compartment impact response in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front end of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a is a schematic structural diagram of a side of the front end of the vehicle, b is a schematic structural diagram of an interior of the front end of the vehicle, and c is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom of the front end of the vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of a force-measuring wall unit corresponding to the front end of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the time T of the rebound of the passenger compartment during a collision according to an embodiment of the present inventionrDetermining a schematic diagram;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the moving masses of the passenger compartment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the comparison of the B-pillar acceleration with the calculated passenger compartment motion acceleration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of passenger cabin velocity and calculated passenger cabin movement velocity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. covering; 2. a fender panel; 3. a front bumper beam; 4. a heat sink; 5. an energy absorption box; 6. a front longitudinal beam; 7. a power assembly; 8. a front support plate; 9. an auxiliary frame; 10. sub vehicle frame connecting piece.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Step 1: carrying out a force measuring wall collision test on the vehicle, and collecting the acceleration of the B column of the vehicle and the collision force of the force measuring wall unit
1) And (3) carrying out a force measuring wall collision test on the vehicle, and acquiring the stress condition of each unit in the collision process (the acquisition frequency is 10KHz) through the force measuring wall units.
2) Vehicle body acceleration sensor installation and signal acquisition
And an acceleration sensor is arranged below the B column of the vehicle and used for collecting acceleration.
Step 2: carrying out multivariate integral on the acceleration to obtain the speed and the displacement of the passenger compartment
The speed and displacement of the passenger compartment are obtained by performing multi-element integration on the acceleration collected by the acceleration sensor.
And step 3: partitioning the collision force data of the force measuring wall unit according to the corresponding position relation between the load paths of all the components at the front end of the vehicle and the force measuring wall unit to obtain the total collision force and the collision force of all the component load paths
1) Dynamometric wall area division and impact force acquisition
Fig. 2 shows a typical vehicle front-end collision structure, which includes a hood 1, a fender 2, a front bumper beam 3, a radiator 4, an energy absorption box 5, a front longitudinal beam 6, a power assembly 7, a front support plate 8, an auxiliary frame 9, and an auxiliary frame connecting member 10. And determining the divided area of the force measuring wall unit according to the front-end collision structure of the vehicle. As shown in fig. 3, the corresponding areas of the vehicle-type left longitudinal beam unit are: g3, 4 + H3, 4; right side member cell corresponding region: g < 13, 14 > + H < 13, 14 >; crossbeam and sub vehicle frame correspond the region: g [5 … 12] + H [5 … 12] + I [5 … 12 ]; the power assembly unit corresponds to the area: c4 … 8] + D4 … 8] + E4 … 8] + F4 … 8; preceding backup pad left side corresponds region: b [2 … 4] + C [2 … 4] + D [2 … 4 ]; front support plate right side corresponds region: b [13 … 15] + C [13 … 15] + D [13 … 15 ]. And partitioning the collision force data of the force measuring wall unit according to the corresponding position relation between the load paths of all the components at the front end of the vehicle and the force measuring wall unit to obtain the total collision force and the collision force of all the component load paths.
And 4, step 4: calculating and verifying the motion quality of the passenger compartment in the collision process, and calculating the deceleration component of the load path of each part according to the motion quality of the passenger compartment
1) The acceleration of the B column of the vehicle is integrated for one time to obtain the speed V of the passenger compartment, and the collision rebound time T of the passenger compartment is determinedrI.e. the moment when the passenger compartment speed is 0, as shown in fig. 4.
2) At the beginning of collision to TrIn the time period of (1), as shown in equation 1, work E of each component at the front end of the vehicle is calculated：
E＝∫F(t)V formula 1
wherein F(t)The front end collision force of the vehicle at the time T, namely the total collision force obtained in the step 3, and V is the speed of the passenger compartment, as shown in the formula 2, from the beginning of the collision to TrMaximum value of work E of each part at the front end of the vehicle in the time periodmax，
Emax＝MAX(∫F(t)V) formula 2
3) The passenger compartment moving mass M is calculated.
The moving mass of the passenger compartment is calculated according to equation 3:
M＝V2(Emax-∫F(t)v)/2 formula 3
The moving mass of the passenger compartment is thus obtained, as shown in fig. 5.
4) Motion quality verification
By F(t)Calculating the passenger compartment acceleration of movement by/M, wherein F(t)And measuring the total collision force of the vehicle through the force measuring wall at the moment t. And obtaining the movement velocity according to the movement acceleration integral, and obtaining the movement displacement through the secondary integral. Comparing the calculated motion acceleration, motion velocity and motion displacement with the acceleration, velocity and displacement measured by the column B, comparing whether the curve variation trends are consistent, comparing the time corresponding to the motion velocity of 0 with the time corresponding to the velocity of 0 measured by the column B, when the time difference is within 5ms, considering that the variation trends are consistent, and when the variation trends are consistent, considering that the motion quality is correct, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
5) Component calculation and verification of component deceleration of load path of each component
A deceleration component of each component load path is calculated based on the moving mass and the component load path impact force. For the load path of component i, the deceleration component is calculated by equation 4:
ai＝Fi[ formula ] M4
wherein aiIs the deceleration component of the load path of component i, FiComponent i load path impact force, M passenger compartmentAnd the moving mass is used for summing deceleration components of the load paths of all the parts to obtain equivalent deceleration, and integrating the equivalent deceleration to obtain the calculated equivalent speed of the passenger compartment. And after calculating the respective slope k according to formulas 5-7 by calculating the equivalent speed and the speed obtained by integrating the acceleration signals of the B-column sensor once, calculating the difference value of k obtained by calculating two groups of data within +/-2 g, wherein g is the gravity acceleration, and considering that no loading path is missed, otherwise, considering that the omission of the loading path exists.
V0-k(t-t1)＝V(t2)Formula 7
V in formulas 5-70Is the initial speed of the vehicle, V(t)The speed of the passenger compartment at time t, t1For the virtual occupant displacement of 0.065m relative to the vehicle at the corresponding time, t2At the time when the virtual occupant is displaced 0.235m relative to the vehicle, k is t1To t2The slope of the velocity curve at time.
And 5: calculating the speed of each component load path, and calculating the contribution value of each component load path to the deceleration of the passenger compartment
Assume that the initial speed of the vehicle is V0. The mass, load path velocity and internal energy of component i (1, …, n) are mi、vi and Ui. The passenger compartment has a moving mass, displacement, velocity and internal energy of M, X, V and U, respectively. Before the passenger compartment (loading phase) reaches the maximum displacement, the change in the kinetic energy of the passenger compartment is expressed by equation 8:
in formula 8
EiIs the mechanical energy of component i. Differentiating equation 8 yields equation 9:
thus, the passenger compartment deceleration is as shown in equation 10:
since dX is Vdt, the contribution a of component i to the deceleration of the passenger compartment can be obtained from equation 10iAs shown in equation 11:
the contribution of the component to the deceleration of the passenger compartment can also be expressed as shown in equation 12, where χiFor the displacement of component i:
component i impact force FiConsisting of inertia and deformation forces, as shown in equation 13, mechanical energy E can be usediRepresents:
wherein ,
in order to calculate the deceleration of component i, equation 13 is substituted into equation 12 to obtain equation 14:
wherein AiContribution of the load path of component i to the deceleration of the passenger compartment, FiFor component i load path impact force, viIs the load path velocity of component i, is integrated from the equivalent deceleration, M is the moving mass of the passenger compartment, obtained from equation 3, and V is the velocity of the passenger compartment, integrated from the acceleration measured by the B-pillar acceleration sensor.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method of evaluating the contribution of a vehicle front component to the response to a passenger compartment collision, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out a force measuring wall collision test on the vehicle, and collecting the acceleration of a B column of the vehicle and the collision force of a force measuring wall unit;
(2) performing multivariate integration on the acceleration to obtain the speed and displacement of the passenger compartment;
(3) partitioning the collision force data of the force measuring wall unit according to the corresponding position relation between the load paths of all components at the front end of the vehicle and the force measuring wall unit to obtain total collision force and collision force of all the component load paths;
(4) calculating and verifying the motion quality of the passenger compartment in the collision process, and calculating the deceleration component of each part load path according to the motion quality of the passenger compartment;
(5) calculating the speed of each component load path, and calculating the contribution value of each component load path to the deceleration of the passenger compartment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the vehicle front end comprises at least one of the following components: the front bumper comprises a hair cover, a fender, a front protective beam, a radiator, an energy absorption box, a front longitudinal beam, a power assembly, a front supporting plate, an auxiliary frame and an auxiliary frame connecting piece.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass of movement of the passenger compartment in step (4) is calculated as follows:
performing primary integration according to the acceleration of the B column of the vehicle to obtain the speed of the passenger compartment, and determining the collision rebound time T of the passenger compartmentrCalculating TrMaximum value E of work done by each part at front end of vehicle in timemaxAccording to EmaxThe moving mass of the passenger compartment is calculated.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method for calculating and verifying the moving mass of the passenger compartment during the collision in the step (4) is as follows:
the acceleration of the B column of the vehicle is integrated for one time to obtain the speed of the passenger compartment, and the collision rebound time T of the passenger compartment is determinedr，
At the beginning of collision to TrIn the time period of (2), as shown in equation 1, work E of each component at the front end of the vehicle is calculated:
E＝∫F(t)v formula 1
wherein F(t)The front end collision force of the vehicle at the time T, namely the total collision force obtained in the step (3), V is the speed of the passenger compartment, as shown in the formula 2, is obtained from the beginning of the collision to TrMaximum value of work E of each part at the front end of the vehicle in the time periodmax，
Emax＝MAX(∫F(t)V) formula 2
The moving mass M of the passenger compartment is calculated according to equation 3:
M＝V2(Emax-∫F(t)v)/2 formula 3
The moving mass of the passenger compartment is thus obtained,
by F(t)Calculating the passenger compartment acceleration of movement by/M, wherein F(t)And (3) obtaining the motion speed of the passenger compartment according to the motion acceleration integral of the passenger compartment at the moment t, comparing the moment corresponding to the motion speed of the passenger compartment which is obtained by calculation and is 0 with the moment corresponding to the speed which is measured by the B column and is 0, and when the time difference is within 5ms, considering that the variation trends are consistent, and when the variation trends are consistent, considering that the motion quality is correct.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the component of component load path deceleration in step (4) is calculated by:
a component of component load path deceleration is calculated from the component load path impact force divided by the moving mass of the passenger compartment.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising the steps of: and (3) adding deceleration components of the load paths of all the parts to obtain equivalent deceleration, integrating the equivalent deceleration to obtain a calculated equivalent speed of the passenger compartment, comparing the calculated equivalent speed of the passenger compartment with the speed in the step (2), and determining whether a loading path is omitted.
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