CN114000520A - Ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting protection system in alpine region and implementation method - Google Patents

Ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting protection system in alpine region and implementation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114000520A
CN114000520A CN202111384463.9A CN202111384463A CN114000520A CN 114000520 A CN114000520 A CN 114000520A CN 202111384463 A CN202111384463 A CN 202111384463A CN 114000520 A CN114000520 A CN 114000520A
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China
Prior art keywords
pipe
slope
water collecting
exhaust pipe
air
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CN202111384463.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114000520B (en
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鞠鑫
牛富俊
刘明浩
张亮
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CCCC First Highway Engineering Co Ltd
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Priority to CN202111384463.9A priority Critical patent/CN114000520B/en
Publication of CN114000520A publication Critical patent/CN114000520A/en
Priority to GB2205247.6A priority patent/GB2613041A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/35—Foundations formed in frozen ground, e.g. in permafrost soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological restoration side slope anti-skidding protection system in a severe cold area, which comprises a ventilation anchor pipe anchored in a side slope body of the severe cold area, a vegetation system laid on a side slope surface and a slope top, an exhaust pipe perpendicular to the slope top, a three-channel accelerating device arranged on the slope top, a water collecting device and a pneumatic axial plunger pump. The exhaust pipe is vertical to the top of the slope, one end of the exhaust pipe is exposed out of the top of the slope, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates into the slope body and is connected with the ventilation anchor pipe; the exposed end of the exhaust pipe is sequentially connected with the three-channel accelerating device, the water collecting device and the unpowered hood; the three-channel accelerating device and the pneumatic axial plunger pump are respectively connected with the vegetation system; and a spray pipe is arranged at the bottom of one side of the water collecting device, and a spray head is arranged on the spray pipe. The invention also discloses an implementation method of the system. The invention follows the principle of protecting frozen soil in cold region engineering, realizes vegetation warm keeping by utilizing wind power driving, uses water collected by condensation for irrigation, is green and energy-saving, and has strong practicability.

Description

Ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting protection system in alpine region and implementation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration slope protection, in particular to an ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting system in alpine regions and an implementation method.
Background
In recent years, with the accelerated development of the infrastructure construction aspect of China, great progress is made in the fields of traffic construction, mineral exploitation and the like, and particularly in Qinghai-Tibet plateaus and northeast high-latitude and high-cold areas of China, the problems of slope stability and vegetation ecological damage are inevitably brought by engineering construction. The problems increase the uncertainty in the lengthy self-repairing process of the vegetation in the engineering affected area, aggravate the water and soil loss, and expand the influence of disasters such as slope collapse and the like. Such disasters caused by engineering construction in alpine regions pose great challenges for engineering operation and ecological environment protection.
Aiming at the problems of slope stability and ecological restoration in the high and cold frozen soil region, the key technology to be solved mainly comprises: (1) the slope stability is improved according to the principle of protecting frozen soil; (2) the limit of cold climate to vegetation growth in the ecological restoration process is overcome. At present, the researches on the aspects of ecological restoration of slope skid resistance and plant protection mainly comprise: the curing agent is added into the soil body of the side slope, so that the soil body strength is improved, the water and soil loss is prevented, and a land environment is provided for vegetation; or the slope is provided with an environment for plant growth by hanging nets and laying heat-insulating layers on the slope and assisting with artificial soil, fertilizers and the like, and meanwhile, the slope is prevented from sliding down by matching with a traditional slope supporting structure; or water storage containers are arranged at the top of the slope and in the slope body to provide sufficient water sources for the vegetation. However, in view of the characteristics that the frozen soil in the alpine region is easy to collapse due to melting and the vegetation growth is limited by large day and night temperature difference, the technical scheme cannot fundamentally solve the problems of slope stability and ecological restoration in the alpine region. Therefore, there is a need for an ecological restoration slope anti-skidding plant protection system in alpine regions, which can overcome the limitation of severe cold climate on vegetation growth while ensuring the stability of ecological restoration slope in alpine regions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting system in the alpine region, which is green, energy-saving and high in practicability.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing an implementation method of the slope anti-skidding and planting system for ecological restoration in the alpine region.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting system in alpine regions, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a ventilation anchor pipe anchored in a slope body of a side slope in a severe cold region, a vegetation system paved on the slope surface of the side slope and a slope top, an exhaust pipe vertical to the slope top, a three-channel accelerating device arranged at the slope top, a water collecting device and a pneumatic axial plunger pump; the exhaust pipe is vertical to the top of the slope, one end of the exhaust pipe is exposed out of the top of the slope, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates into the slope body and is connected with the ventilation anchor pipe; the exposed end of the exhaust pipe is sequentially connected with the three-channel accelerating device, the water collecting device and the unpowered hood; the three-channel accelerating device and the pneumatic axial plunger pump are respectively connected with the vegetation system; and a spray pipe is arranged at the bottom of one side of the water collecting device, and a spray head is arranged on the spray pipe.
The ventilation anchor pipe comprises an air inlet pipe nested in the grouting anchor pipe body; the joint of the grouting anchor pipe body and the slope is anchored through a backing plate and an anchor device respectively; a plurality of plum blossom-shaped grouting holes with the diameter of 1-3 cm are uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the grouting anchor pipe body; one end of the air inlet pipe extends out of the slope surface, and the other end of the air inlet pipe penetrates into the slope body and is connected with the exhaust pipe.
The vegetation system consists of a heat preservation pipe, a felt cloth layer, an air curtain pipe and a plant growth layer which are sequentially laid close to the slope surface and the slope top; the heat preservation pipes are uniformly laid on the slope surface and the slope top at equal intervals, one end of each heat preservation pipe is connected with the pneumatic axial plunger pump, and the other end of each heat preservation pipe is divided into two forks and is respectively connected with the air curtain pipe and the three-channel accelerating device; the air curtain pipes are evenly laid on the felt cloth layer at equal intervals, one end of each air curtain pipe is connected with the heat preservation pipe, and the other end of each air curtain pipe is closed.
The air curtain pipe is provided with two rows of air holes I with included angles of 90 degrees, and the diameter of each air hole I is 1-3 mm.
The three-channel accelerating device is arranged at the intersection of the exhaust pipe and the slope top interface.
The three-channel accelerating device is composed of a first isolating layer and a second isolating layer which are welded on the inner wall of the air exhaust pipe in an L shape and are arranged in a staggered mode; an air hole II with the diameter of 1-2 cm is formed in the short edge of the first partition layer, and penetrates through the inner wall of the air exhaust pipe to be connected with a heat preservation pipe in the plant growing system.
The water collecting device comprises a water collecting tank and a water collecting plate; the water collecting tank is nested on the exposed end of the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of water collecting holes communicated with the water collecting tank are uniformly distributed on the exhaust pipe of the nested section; the inner wall of the exhaust pipe at each water collecting hole is obliquely provided with the water collecting plate; the bottom of one side of the water collecting tank is provided with the spray pipe, and the spray pipe is provided with the spray head.
The included angle formed by the water collecting plate and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe in the exhaust direction is an acute angle.
The pneumatic axial plunger pump comprises a shaft head of the axial plunger pump; the end of the shaft head is provided with a fan blade; the bottom of one end of the axial plunger pump is provided with an air inlet, the top of the axial plunger pump is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected with a heat preservation pipe in the vegetation system; the air inlet and the air outlet are positioned on the same axis.
The implementation method of the ecological restoration slope anti-skid and plant protection system in the alpine region comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of determining the sizes of an air inlet pipe, a grouting anchor pipe body, a base plate and an anchor according to actual engineering requirements; then drilling grouting holes with the diameter of 1-3 cm and uniformly distributed in a plum blossom shape on the pipe wall of the grouting anchor pipe body; an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the air inlet pipe embedded in the slope body;
secondly, determining the size of an exhaust pipe according to the size of the air inlet pipe; the inner wall of one end of the exhaust pipe embedded in the slope body is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread;
thirdly, determining the sizes of the three-channel accelerating device, the water collecting device and the unpowered hood according to the size of the exhaust pipe, prefabricating and welding the three-channel accelerating device, the water collecting device and the unpowered hood in sequence along the air outlet direction of the exhaust pipe;
fourthly, according to the actual sizes of the slope surface and the slope top, the heat preservation pipe and the air curtain pipe are coiled into a sheet shape which is uniformly arranged at equal intervals, and two rows of air holes I which form the sheet shape and have included angles of 90 degrees and diameters of 1-3 mm are drilled in the surface, facing the outer side of the slope body, of the air curtain pipe; meanwhile, spray heads are arranged on the spray pipes at equal intervals;
fifthly, drilling an anchoring hole in the design position of the slope, wherein the diameter of the anchoring hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the grouting anchor pipe body by 2-5 cm; sequentially installing the grouting anchor pipe body and the air inlet pipe in the anchoring hole;
sixthly, drilling a vertical hole for installing the exhaust pipe downwards at the top of a slope, wherein the diameter of the vertical hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe by 1-2 cm; the exhaust pipe with the three-channel accelerating device, the water collecting device and the unpowered hood is inserted into the vertical hole;
connecting the exhaust duct and the air inlet duct together by screw threads;
flattening the slope surface and the slope top, mounting a pneumatic axial plunger pump on the slope top facing the wind, and sequentially laying the heat preservation pipe, the felt cloth layer, the air curtain pipe and the plant growth layer on the slope surface and the slope top from bottom to top;
the self-supporting body forms a grout layer in the middle of an interlayer formed by the grouting anchor pipe body and the air inlet pipe through high-pressure grouting, and the grouting anchor pipe body is anchored in a slope body by utilizing the base plate and the anchorage device;
one end of the heat preservation pipe is connected with an exhaust port of the pneumatic axial plunger pump, and the other end of the heat preservation pipe is divided into two parts which are respectively connected with the air curtain pipe and an air hole II of a first partition layer in the three-channel accelerating device;
the shower pipes with the spray heads are connected with the water collecting tank and are uniformly laid on the top and the slope.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. aiming at the characteristic of large day and night temperature difference in alpine regions, the pneumatic axial plunger pump is arranged at the top of the slope, the axial plunger pump is driven by wind power to compress air, and the discharged air is higher than the external temperature; through laying at the top of a slope and domatic insulating tube and felt cloth layer, prevent that the plant root temperature is crossed lowly to disperse the air dispersion that the temperature is higher than the temperature on domatic and top of a slope through the air curtain pipe, reduced the difference in temperature of vegetation environment, promoted plant respiration.
2. According to the invention, the three-channel accelerating device is arranged at the upper part of the exhaust pipe, the air hole is formed in the first partition layer and is connected with the heat-insulating pipe, the warm air in the heat-insulating pipe flows upwards in the exhaust pipe in an accelerating manner, and the negative pressure area is formed above the first partition layer, so that the air flow in the air passage is promoted, the chimney effect is enhanced, and the ventilation capability of the exhaust pipe is improved.
3. According to the invention, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are not nested together, and the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe which are respectively arranged do not have temperature mutual conduction, so that the problem of reduced ventilation capacity caused by reduced temperature difference between the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe in the long-time working process is avoided.
4. The water collecting device is arranged at the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe, so that moisture in warm air is effectively condensed and hung on the wall and collected in the water collecting tank in the process of discharging the warm air in a slope body, the water can be used for irrigating vegetation in the ecological restoration process, and the blockage of the vent pipe caused by the long-term accumulation of condensed water can be avoided.
5. The invention follows the principle of protecting frozen soil in cold region engineering, realizes slope cooling and skid resistance by utilizing the ventilation anchor pipe, realizes vegetation warm keeping by utilizing wind power driving, uses water collected by condensation for irrigation, is green and energy-saving, and has strong practicability.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of A of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vegetation system of the present invention at A.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-channel accelerator of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the water collecting apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the pneumatic axial plunger pump of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-ventilation anchor pipe, 2-vegetation system, 3-exhaust pipe, 4-three-channel accelerator, 5-unpowered hood, 6-water collector, 7-pneumatic axial plunger pump, 8-air inlet pipe, 9-grouting anchor pipe, 10-backing plate, 11-anchor, 12-grout layer, 13-insulating pipe, 14-felt layer, 15-plant growth layer, 16-air curtain pipe, 17-first partition layer, 18-second partition layer, 19-spray pipe, 20-spray head, 21-water collecting tank, 22-water collecting plate, 23-water collecting hole, 24-shaft head, 25-air inlet, 26-air outlet and 27-fan blade.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the ecological restoration side slope anti-skidding protection system for the alpine region comprises a ventilation anchor pipe 1 anchored in a side slope body of the alpine region, a vegetation system 2 laid on a slope surface and a slope top of the side slope, an exhaust pipe 3 perpendicular to the slope top, a three-channel accelerating device 4 arranged on the slope top, a water collecting device 6 and a wind axial plunger pump 7.
The exhaust pipe 3 is vertical to the top of the slope, one end of the exhaust pipe is exposed out of the top of the slope, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates into the slope body and is connected with the ventilation anchor pipe 1; the exposed end of the exhaust pipe 3 is sequentially connected with a three-channel accelerating device 4, a water collecting device 6 and an unpowered hood 5; the three-channel accelerating device 4 and the pneumatic axial plunger pump 7 are respectively connected with the vegetation system 2; a spray pipe 19 is arranged at the bottom of one side of the water collecting device 6, and a spray head 20 is arranged on the spray pipe 19.
Wherein: the ventilation anchor pipe 1 comprises an air inlet pipe 8 nested in a grouting anchor pipe body 9. The joint of the grouting anchor pipe body 9 and the slope is anchored through a backing plate 10 and an anchorage device 11 respectively; a plurality of plum blossom-shaped grouting holes with the diameter of 1-3 cm are uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the grouting anchor pipe body 9; one end of the air inlet pipe 8 extends out of the slope surface, and the other end penetrates into the slope body and is connected with the exhaust pipe 3.
The air inlet pipe 8 is a common steel pipe with the diameter of 10-15 cm, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe is exposed outside the slope surface by 10-20 cm. The diameter of the grouting anchor pipe body 9 is 15-20 cm.
The plant growing system 2 is composed of a heat preservation pipe 13, a felt cloth layer 14, an air curtain pipe 16 and a plant growing layer 15 which are sequentially laid close to the slope surface and the slope top. The heat preservation pipes 13 are uniformly laid on the slope surface and the slope top at equal intervals, one end of each heat preservation pipe is connected with the pneumatic axial plunger pump 7, and the other end of each heat preservation pipe is divided into two forks which are respectively connected with the air curtain pipe 16 and the three-channel accelerating device 4; the air curtain pipes 16 are uniformly laid on the felt layer 14 at equal intervals, one end of each air curtain pipe is connected with the heat preservation pipe 13, and the other end of each air curtain pipe is closed. A
The plant growth layer 15 is soil mixed with plant seeds and organic fertilizer at the initial stage of slope ecological restoration, and the thickness of the plant growth layer is 10-15 cm.
The heat preservation pipe 13 and the air curtain pipe 16 are both common stainless steel pipes with the diameter of 1-2 cm.
Two rows of air holes I with included angles of 90 degrees are drilled in the air curtain pipe 16, and the diameter of each air hole I is 1-3 mm.
The three-channel accelerating device 4 is arranged at the intersection of the exhaust pipe 3 and the slope top interface. The three-channel accelerating device 4 is composed of a first isolating layer 17 and a second isolating layer 18 which are welded on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 3 in an L shape and are arranged in a staggered mode; an air hole II with the diameter of 1-2 cm is formed in the short edge of the first partition layer 17, and penetrates through the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 3 to be connected with the heat preservation pipe 13 in the plant growing system 2.
The water collecting device 6 comprises a water collecting tank 21 and a water collecting plate 22; the water collecting tank 21 is nested on the exposed end of the exhaust pipe 3, and a plurality of water collecting holes 23 communicated with the water collecting tank 21 are uniformly distributed on the exhaust pipe 3 of the nested section; a water collecting plate 22 is obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 3 at each water collecting hole 23; a spray pipe 19 is arranged at the bottom of one side of the water collecting tank 21, and a spray head 20 is arranged on the spray pipe 19.
The spraying pipe 19 is a plastic hose with a diameter of 1-2 cm. The included angle formed by the water collecting plate 22 and the inner wall of the exhaust duct 13 in the exhaust direction is an acute angle.
The pneumatic axial plunger pump 7 comprises a shaft head 24 of the axial plunger pump; the end of the shaft head 24 is provided with a fan blade 27; an air inlet 25 is arranged at the bottom of one end of the axial plunger pump, an air outlet 26 is arranged at the top of the axial plunger pump, and the air outlet 26 is connected with the heat preservation pipe 13 in the plant growing system 2; the inlet 25 and the outlet 26 are on the same axis.
[ working principle ]
The wind power is used for driving, the air with the temperature higher than the external temperature discharged after the air driven axial plunger pump 7 compresses the air is led to the heat preservation pipe 13 paved on the slope, and the heat preservation pipe 13 and the felt cloth layer 14 prevent the root of the ecological restoration plant from being too low in temperature; the warm air with the temperature higher than the air temperature is dispersed on the slope surface and the top of the slope through the air curtain pipe 16, a layer of warm air curtain is formed on the surface of the plant growing layer, and the heat exchange between the plants and the air is relieved.
Meanwhile, the ventilation anchor pipe 1 can prevent the side slope from collapsing, when the temperature in the slope body is higher than the outside temperature, the chimney effect can be utilized, hot air is promoted to be discharged, cold air enters the slope body through the air inlet pipe 8, the three-channel accelerating device 4 and the unpowered air cap 5, the heat in the slope body is taken away, the temperature in the slope body is reduced, and the principle of protecting frozen soil in cold region engineering is followed.
In addition, in the process of discharging warm air in the slope, the water collecting device 6 arranged at the tail end of the exhaust pipe 3 collects moisture in the air in the water collecting tank 21 by utilizing condensation, and the collected water is used for irrigating the ecological restoration vegetation layer to form virtuous circle.
The implementation method of the ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting protection system in the alpine region comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the sizes of an air inlet pipe 8, a grouting anchor pipe body 9, a base plate 10 and an anchor 11 according to actual engineering requirements; then drilling grouting holes with the diameter of 1-3 cm and uniformly distributed in a plum blossom shape on the pipe wall of the grouting anchor pipe body 9; and the outer wall of one end of the air inlet pipe 8 embedded in the slope body is provided with an external thread;
secondly, determining the size of the exhaust pipe 3 according to the size of the air inlet pipe 8; the inner wall of one end of the exhaust pipe 3 embedded in the slope body is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, so that the exhaust pipe 3 and the air inlet pipe 8 can be well connected;
thirdly, determining the sizes of the three-channel accelerating device 4, the water collecting device 6 and the unpowered hood 5 according to the size of the exhaust pipe 3, prefabricating and welding the three-channel accelerating device 4, the water collecting device 6 and the unpowered hood 5 in sequence along the air outlet direction of the exhaust pipe 3;
fourthly, according to the actual sizes of the slope surface and the slope top, the heat preservation pipe 13 and the air curtain pipe 16 are coiled into a sheet shape which is uniformly arranged at equal intervals, and two rows of air holes I which form an included angle of 90 degrees and have a diameter of 1-3 mm are drilled on the surface, facing the outer side of the slope body, of the air curtain pipe 16 which is coiled into the sheet shape; meanwhile, spray heads 20 are arranged on the spray pipe 19 at equal intervals;
fifthly, drilling an anchoring hole in the design position of the slope, wherein the diameter of the anchoring hole is slightly larger than that of the grouting anchor pipe body 9 by 2-5 cm; sequentially installing a grouting anchor pipe body 9 and an air inlet pipe 8 in the anchoring hole;
sixthly, drilling a vertical hole for installing the exhaust pipe 3 downwards at the top of the slope, wherein the diameter of the vertical hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe 3 by 1-2 cm; an exhaust pipe 3 with a three-channel accelerating device 4, a water collecting device 6 and an unpowered hood 5 is inserted into the vertical hole;
the exhaust duct 3 and the air inlet duct 8 are screwed together;
flattening the slope surface and the slope top, mounting a pneumatic axial plunger pump 7 at a proper position of the slope top facing the wind, and sequentially laying a heat preservation pipe 13, a felt layer 14, an air curtain pipe 16 and a plant growth layer 15 on the slope surface and the slope top from bottom to top;
the self-supporting structure is characterized in that a grouting layer 12 is formed by high-pressure grouting in the middle of an interlayer formed by a grouting anchor pipe body 9 and an air inlet pipe 8, and the grouting anchor pipe body 9 is anchored in a slope body by utilizing a base plate 10 and an anchorage device 11;
one end of a heat preservation pipe 13 is connected with an exhaust port 28 of the pneumatic axial plunger pump 7, and the other end of the heat preservation pipe is divided into two parts which are respectively connected with an air curtain pipe 16 and an air hole II of a first partition layer 17 in the three-channel accelerating device 4;
the shower pipe 19 with the spray head 20 is connected with the water collecting tank 21 and is uniformly laid on the top and the slope.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a severe cold district ecological remediation slope antiskid system of protecting planting which characterized in that: the system comprises a ventilation anchor pipe (1) anchored in a slope body of a side slope in a severe cold region, a vegetation system (2) laid on the slope surface of the side slope and the top of the slope, an exhaust pipe (3) perpendicular to the top of the slope, a three-channel accelerating device (4) arranged at the top of the slope, a water collecting device (6) and a pneumatic axial plunger pump (7); the exhaust pipe (3) is vertical to the top of the slope, one end of the exhaust pipe is exposed out of the top of the slope, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates into the slope and is connected with the ventilation anchor pipe (1); the exposed end of the exhaust pipe (3) is sequentially connected with the three-channel accelerating device (4), the water collecting device (6) and the unpowered hood (5); the three-channel accelerating device (4) and the pneumatic axial plunger pump (7) are respectively connected with the vegetation system (2); and a spray pipe (19) is arranged at the bottom of one side of the water collecting device (6), and a spray head (20) is arranged on the spray pipe (19).
2. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ventilation anchor pipe (1) comprises an air inlet pipe (8) nested in the grouting anchor pipe body (9); the joint of the grouting anchor pipe body (9) and the slope is anchored through a backing plate (10) and an anchor (11) respectively; a plurality of plum blossom-shaped grouting holes with the diameter of 1-3 cm are uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the grouting anchor pipe body (9); one end of the air inlet pipe (8) extends out of the slope surface, and the other end of the air inlet pipe penetrates into the slope body and is connected with the exhaust pipe (3).
3. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vegetation system (2) is composed of a heat preservation pipe (13), a felt cloth layer (14), an air curtain pipe (16) and a plant growth layer (15), wherein the heat preservation pipe (13), the felt cloth layer (14), the air curtain pipe (16) and the plant growth layer are sequentially laid close to the slope surface and the slope top; the heat preservation pipes (13) are uniformly laid on the slope surface and the slope top at equal intervals, one end of each heat preservation pipe is connected with the pneumatic axial plunger pump (7), and the other end of each heat preservation pipe is divided into two forks and is respectively connected with the air curtain pipe (16) and the three-channel accelerating device (4); the air curtain pipes (16) are uniformly laid on the felt cloth layer (14) at equal intervals, one end of each air curtain pipe is connected with the heat preservation pipe (13), and the other end of each air curtain pipe is closed.
4. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 3, wherein: two rows of air holes I with included angles of 90 degrees are drilled in the air curtain pipe (16), and the diameter of each air hole I is 1-3 mm.
5. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the three-channel accelerating device (4) is arranged at the intersection of the exhaust pipe (3) and a slope top interface.
6. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding and protecting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein: the three-channel accelerating device (4) is composed of a first isolating layer (17) and a second isolating layer (18) which are welded on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (3) in an L shape and are arranged in a staggered mode; an air hole II with the diameter of 1-2 cm is formed in the short edge of the first partition layer (17), and penetrates through the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (3) and the heat preservation pipe (13) in the plant growth system (2).
7. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water collecting device (6) comprises a water collecting tank (21) and a water collecting plate (22); the water collecting tank (21) is nested on the exposed end of the exhaust pipe (3), and a plurality of water collecting holes (23) communicated with the water collecting tank (21) are uniformly distributed on the exhaust pipe (3) of the nested section; the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (3) at each water collecting hole (23) is obliquely provided with the water collecting plate (22); the bottom of one side of the water collecting tank (21) is provided with the spray pipe (19), and the spray head (20) is arranged on the spray pipe (19).
8. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the included angle formed by the water collecting plate (22) and the inner wall of the air exhaust pipe (13) in the air exhaust direction is an acute angle.
9. The ecological restoration slope anti-skidding protecting and planting system for the alpine regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pneumatic axial plunger pump (7) comprises a shaft head (24) of the axial plunger pump; the end of the shaft head (24) is provided with a fan blade (27); an air inlet (25) is formed in the bottom of one end of the axial plunger pump, an air outlet (26) is formed in the top of the axial plunger pump, and the air outlet (26) is connected with a heat preservation pipe (13) in the vegetation system (2); the air inlet (25) and the air outlet (26) are on the same axis.
10. The implementation method of the ecological restoration slope anti-skid and plant protection system in the alpine region according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
determining the sizes of an air inlet pipe (8), a grouting anchor pipe body (9), a cushion plate (10) and an anchor (11) according to actual engineering requirements; then, uniformly distributed grouting holes with the diameter of 1-3 cm in a plum blossom shape are drilled in the pipe wall of the grouting anchor pipe body (9); and the outer wall of one end of the air inlet pipe (8) embedded in the slope body is provided with an external thread;
secondly, determining the size of the exhaust pipe (3) according to the size of the air inlet pipe (8); an internal thread matched with the external thread is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the exhaust pipe (3) embedded in the slope body;
thirdly, determining the sizes of the three-channel accelerating device (4), the water collecting device (6) and the unpowered hood (5) according to the size of the exhaust pipe (3), prefabricating and welding the three-channel accelerating device (4), the water collecting device (6) and the unpowered hood (5) in sequence along the air outlet direction of the exhaust pipe (3);
fourthly, according to the actual sizes of the slope surface and the slope top, the heat preservation pipes (13) and the air curtain pipes (16) are coiled into sheets which are uniformly arranged at equal intervals, and two rows of air holes I which are 90 degrees in included angle and 1-3 mm in diameter are drilled in the surfaces, facing the outer side of the slope body, of the air curtain pipes (16) which are coiled into sheets; meanwhile, spray heads (20) are arranged on the spray pipe (19) at equal intervals;
fifthly, drilling an anchoring hole in the design position of the slope, wherein the diameter of the anchoring hole is slightly larger than that of the grouting anchor pipe body (9) by 2-5 cm; sequentially installing the grouting anchor pipe body (9) and the air inlet pipe (8) in the anchoring hole;
sixthly, drilling a vertical hole for installing the exhaust pipe (3) downwards at the top of a slope, wherein the diameter of the vertical hole is slightly larger than that of the exhaust pipe (3) by 1-2 cm; the exhaust pipe (3) with the three-channel accelerating device (4), the water collecting device (6) and the unpowered hood (5) is inserted into a vertical hole;
connecting the exhaust duct (3) and the air inlet duct (8) together by screw threads;
flattening the slope surface and the slope top, mounting a pneumatic axial plunger pump (7) on the slope top facing the wind, and sequentially laying the heat preservation pipe (13), the felt cloth layer (14), the air curtain pipe (16) and the plant growth layer (15) on the slope surface and the slope top from bottom to top;
the self-supporting body is formed by high-pressure grouting in the middle of an interlayer formed by the grouting anchor pipe body (9) and the air inlet pipe (8) to form a grouting layer (12), and the grouting anchor pipe body (9) is anchored in a slope body by utilizing the backing plate (10) and the anchorage device (11);
one end of the heat preservation pipe (13) is connected with an exhaust port (28) of the pneumatic axial plunger pump (7), and the other end of the heat preservation pipe is divided into two parts which are respectively connected with the air curtain pipe (16) and an air hole II of a first partition layer (17) in the three-channel accelerating device (4);
the shower pipes (19) with the spray heads (20) are connected with the water collecting tank (21) and are uniformly paved on the top and the slope.
CN202111384463.9A 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 Ecological restoration side slope anti-skidding planting protection system in alpine region and implementation method Active CN114000520B (en)

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GB2205247.6A GB2613041A (en) 2021-11-22 2022-04-11 Anti-slide plant protection system

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CN115110369A (en) * 2022-08-02 2022-09-27 华南理工大学 Extrusion type forced ventilation cooling roadbed structure and construction method thereof

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CN104452782A (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-03-25 兰州理工大学 Cold region active ventilation cooling self-recovery slope anchorage structure and construction method
CN108990713A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-14 山西大学 A kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope
CN111042156A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-04-21 花王生态工程股份有限公司 Roadbed slope water-blocking ventilation type protection structure

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CN115110369A (en) * 2022-08-02 2022-09-27 华南理工大学 Extrusion type forced ventilation cooling roadbed structure and construction method thereof

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