CN108990713A - A kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope - Google Patents
A kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN108990713A CN108990713A CN201810566781.9A CN201810566781A CN108990713A CN 108990713 A CN108990713 A CN 108990713A CN 201810566781 A CN201810566781 A CN 201810566781A CN 108990713 A CN108990713 A CN 108990713A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0037—Clays
- E02D2300/0039—Clays mixed with additives
Abstract
A kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, belongs to Ecological Restoration Project, carries out special engineered material construction to bare side sloping surface；The special engineered material is made of temperature regulation layer, cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus, slope surface improvement hypothallus.Slope surface improvement hypothallus is located at the bottom of host material, and promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is located at the upper surface of slope surface improvement hypothallus, and cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is located at the upper surface of promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus, and temperature regulation layer is located at the upper surface of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer.The present invention is with soil of constructing, various solid waste, natural mineral matter slag, microbial bacterial agent and macromolecule modifying agent etc. for raw material, pass through the Functional Design of different substrates layer, very cold suitable for high altitudes and cold area, ultraviolet radiation is strong, day and night temperature is big, temperature change is strong, and the serious severe environmental conditions of drought stress effectively raise high altitudes and cold area engineering slope Effect of Ecological Restoration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ecological Restoration Project, in particular to a kind of ecological restoring method for high altitudes and cold area.
Background technique
Engineering construction and environmental protection take into account be sustainable development key subjects, be Resources for construction economizing type, environment friend
The requirement of the harmonious society of good type.Bare side sloping is one of the geological environment formed in various Major Engineering Projects, not only
Can cause soil erosion, massif collapse etc. geological disasters, and generate ecosystem fragmentation, disturbed ecological balance, biology it is more
The ecological problems such as sample reduction.It is badly in need of carrying out ecological reconstruction by engineering means and biological control measure, restores bio-diversity, build
Erect a kind of stable structure, perfect in shape and function, the ecosystem for capableing of self―sustaining.
When the high and cold high altitude localities such as China Tibet and western Sichuan carries out engineering construction, it especially should more focus on environment
Protection and revegetation.The high altitudes and cold area ecosystem is very fragile, very sensitive to external interference, meets natural calamity
Or human interference, ecological environment are easy to destroy and are difficult to restore, high altitude localities very cold, ultraviolet radiation is strong, round the clock
The temperature difference is big, and temperature change is strong, and drought stress is serious and soil nutrient is barren, causes the plant average production phase shorter, growth
Slowly, natural vegetation restoration is relied solely on, process is very slow.It is administered at present applied to bare side sloping ecological slope protection main
Measure is ecological substrate bulkhead tech, is uniformly to be sprayed fiber, the plant engineering material such as loam and vegetation seed using spraying machine
It is mapped on side slope surface, forms the soil texture of suitable plant growth on side slope surface to realize greening.In high altitudes and cold
Area, traditional engineering material revegetation effect is poor, and at present specifically for high altitudes and cold area, it is cold to can adapt to weather
Cold, ultraviolet radiation is strong, and day and night temperature is big, and temperature change is strong, and the serious engineering material of drought stress and recovery technique are still
Blank, urgent need research and develop a kind of ecological reestablishment for high altitudes and cold area.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of ecological restoring methods administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, should
Ecological restoring method is not only that plant growth provides good nutrient and water condition, but also adapts to high altitudes and cold area
Very cold, ultraviolet radiation is strong, and day and night temperature is big, and temperature change is strong, the serious severe environmental conditions of drought stress, improves
Revegetation effect.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope provided by the invention, it is characterized in that naked
Reveal side slope surface and carries out special engineered material construction；The special engineered material is by temperature regulation layer, cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, rush
Root soil moisture conservation hypothallus, slope surface improvement hypothallus composition.
The slope surface improvement hypothallus is located at the bottom of host material, and the promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is located at slope surface improvement base
The upper surface of matter layer, the cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer are located at the upper surface of promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus, and the temperature regulation layer is located at cold-resistant
The upper surface of drought-resistant substrate layer.
Further, the temperature regulation layer is made of perforated nonwoven fabrics and vegetable fibre net, and perforated nonwoven fabrics are located at
Outermost layer is made of weight not less than 200 grams/m of non-woven fabrics, and surface is uniformly distributed diameter for the circular hole of 1cm, between circular hole
Away from being 3cm, circular hole is conducive to the drill-through non-woven fabrics continued growth of plant.Vegetable fibre net is by shredded coconut meat fiber, wheat stalk or rice
One or more of stalk composition, thickness 2-3cm.Temperature regulation layer function is that host material is isolated with extraneous adverse circumstances
It opens, reduces ultraviolet radiation, reduce day and night temperature, there is heat preservation, soil moisture conservation improves ground temperature, and can accelerate soil after later stage degradation
Earth organic matter degenerates process, keeps loosing soil, ventilative function.
Further, the cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is made of the raw material of following weight percentage, construction soil 20-30%,
Peat soil 10-20%, coco bran 10-20%, high molecular polymer 10-15%, vermiculite 10-15%, vegetable seeds 0.5-1%, bentonite
10-15%, chemical synthesis compound fertilizer 1-2%.It can create good conditions for plant seed germination, matrix is met water rear surface and be will form
Layer protecting film has the function of certain cold-resistant, and can effectively store moisture, guarantees that maintenance water can be fast with natural rainfall
Speed is stored in matrix, reduces moisture evaporation, root system of plant can be released to when plant needs moisture to supply, helps to improve plant
Object drought-resistant ability.With a thickness of 3-5cm.
Further, the topsoil that engineering excavation is collected when the construction soil is construction, further preferably air-dried,
It crushes, cross 5mm sieve, soil sand grains content is in 5-10%, water content in 6-10%.
Further, the peat soil is the content of organic matter 30% or more, and quality is soft to be easy to fragmentary, specific gravity 0.7-
1.05, it air-dried, crushed, crossing 5mm sieve, water content is in 5-10%.
Further, the coco bran is cocoanut husk fiber dust, be processing after coconut by-product or waste, be from
A kind of pure natural organic matter medium under falling off in cocoanut husk fiber process.
Further, the high molecular polymer main component is polyacrylic acid potassium-polyacrylamide amine copolymer, 0.9% salt
Aqueous solution absorbency 50-100, partial size 0.2-0.5mm, service life 5 years or more.And water can be dissolved in and can be formed with water
Solution with caking property and adhesiveness, is adhered between soil particle, forms layer protecting film, has certain cold-resistant function
Energy.
Further, the vermiculite is function packing material, and about 0.2 g/cm3 of bulk density, water absorbent rate is 3 times, vermiculite grain
Diameter is less than 1-3mm, and there is volume caused by water retention property, buffering water-retaining agent to change, promote the infiltrating performance of moisture.
Further, the vegetable seeds is the seed mix of high altitudes and cold area native country vegetation and plant species.
Further, the bentonite is the aqueous clay pit based on montmorillonite, density 2-3g/cm3, partial size is less than
3mm, absorbency are 7~12 times, and function is to increase the quantity of matrix aggregate, reduces matrix bulk density, increase matrix porosity,
The water retention property of matrix is improved, reduces and is seeped under moisture.
Further, the chemical synthesis compound fertilizer be mainly used to supply plant growth needed for a great number of elements (nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium), the various effective element mass fraction ratios of chemical synthesis compound fertilizer are N:P:K=13:26:10.Various in chemical fertilizer have
Effect element is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen is taken from urea or/and ammonium sulfate or/and Diammonium phosphate (DAP), phosphorus are taken from peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium or/and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or/and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium are taken from potassium sulfate or/and potassium chloride or/and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is made of the raw material of following weight percentage, and construct soil 15-
25%, diatomite 10-15%, high molecular polymer 5-10%, organic castoff compost 10-15%, mineral fertilizer 10-15%, peat soil 5-
10%, vermiculite 5-10%, chemical synthesis compound fertilizer 2-5%, with a thickness of 3-5cm.Supply, promotion root with equilibrium water conten and nutrient
It is the function of growth, which has good water-retaining property, gas permeability and nutrient abundant, can satisfy slope surface plant
Object late growth demand.
Further, the diatomite is to be air-dried, crushed, crossing 3mm sieve, and water content is in 5-10%.With good water suction
Retain water and nutrients ability, and can effectively kill the pest in soil.
Further, the organic castoff compost is with straw (including corn, wheat, straw, sorghum, cereal straw
The one or more of stalk) be raw material, being ground into length is 2-3cm, by stalk mixture and poultry manure (including chicken manure, duck excrement,
Sheep dung, the one or more of cow dung) mixing carries out spontaneous fermentation, and the weight ratio of stalk mixture and poultry manure is 7-8: 3-
2, spontaneous fermentation, decomposed processing 30-50 days.It mainly plays improvement soil and supplies long-term nutrient demand needed for plant growth.
Further, the mineral fertilizer is the one of a variety of natural crystals such as selected medical stone, calcite, gold stone, zeolite
Kind or it is several be primary raw material, air-dried, crushed, crossing 3mm sieve, the multielement natural mineral fertilizer of manufactured one kind, water content exists
5-10% is rich in phosphorus, potassium, calcium, silicon, sulphur, iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron, strontium, barium, bromine multiple element.Application mineral fertilizer can improve soil
Fertility improves soil texture, reduces moisture evaporation.
Further, the slope surface improvement hypothallus is made of the raw material of following weight percentage, construction soil 10-20%,
Polymer Synthesizing modifying agent 10-20%, organic castoff compost 20-30%, municipal sludge 20-30%, microbial bacterial agent
0.05-0.1%, natural mineral matter slag 20-30%.With a thickness of 3-5cm.Slope surface improvement matrix can penetrate into slope surface surface layer soil layer
In, lean soil is improved, the soil of suitable plant growth is become, have good water-retaining property, gas permeability and
Store the function of nutrient.
Further, the Polymer Synthesizing modifying agent, predominantly sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid potassium, polypropylene
The mixing of one or both of amide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cellulose ether or more or copolymer.Polymer Synthesizing
Modifying agent can be dissolved in water and can form the solution with caking property and adhesiveness with water, be adhered between soil particle, can
The physical structure of lean soil is improved, there is good water-retaining property, gas permeability.
Further, the municipal sludge refers to the solid waste generated in sewage disposal process, by adding
After adding a certain amount of pulverized limestone to handle, Heavy Metals in Sludge can be passivated and kill wherein pathogen, treated urban life
Sludge nitrogen rich in, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and other microelements are that a kind of good plant nutrient source and soil change
Good dose.Municipal sludge according to parts by weight: pulverized limestone=8-9:2-1 ratio mixing, natural air drying, water content 20-30%.
Further, the microbial bacterial agent mainly has desert cyanobacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, silicic acid
Salt bacterium, bacillus laterosporus etc. are one such or several.Desert cyanobacteria plants a colony biology as pioneer, can adapt to arid,
The environment-stress such as strong ultraviolet radioactive, nutrition is barren, and extraneous habitat is influenced and changes by the vital movement of itself, other micro- lifes
Object can activating soil be organic and inorganic nutrients, provides utilization rate of fertilizer, improves soil aggregate structure, heavy-metal residual of degrading,
The generation for inhibiting soil-borne disease, in the metabolin of microorganism containing there are many benefit materials such as natural plant hormone and amino acid can
Promote plant health growth.
Further, the natural mineral matter slag be with natural crystal for example potassium feldspar, lime stone, dolomite, medical stone,
One or more of zeolite, ground phosphate rock etc. are primary raw material, are air-dried, are crushed, crossing 3mm sieve, the mineral soil of manufactured one kind
Modifying agent, can chesson, improve soil aggregate structure, retain water and nutrients.Water content 20-30%.
A kind of method for the engineering slope reparation of high altitudes and cold area provided by the invention, step are as follows:
1) cleaning, smooth slope surface: remove the engineerings rubbish such as rubble, float stone, weeds, waste residue, it is ensured that slope surface is smoothly neat；
2) first the raw material of slope surface improvement hypothallus are mixed by above-mentioned defined quality proportioning, stirs evenly, is sprayed with hydroseeder
It broadcasts on bare side sloping surface, with a thickness of 3-5cm；
3) after slope surface improvement hypothallus sows grass seeds by duster and completes 6-12 hour, then by promoting root growth preserve soil moisture hypothallus raw material by above-mentioned regulation
Quality proportioning mixing, stir evenly, with hydroseeder sow grass seeds by duster slope surface improve substrate layer surface, with a thickness of 3-5cm；
4) after promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus sows grass seeds by duster and completes 6-12 hours, then by the raw material of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer by above-mentioned regulation
Quality proportioning mixing, stir evenly, with hydroseeder sow grass seeds by duster promoting root growth preserve soil moisture substrate layer surface, with a thickness of 3-5cm；
5) after the completion of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, then by temperature regulation layer raw material by it is above-mentioned it is defined prepare, spread
It is located at the surface of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, and is fixed with anchor pole, anchor pole is 1-2 root/m using density2；
6) it then carries out regular moisture maintenance management 3-6 months.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
At present in high altitudes and cold area, traditional engineering material revegetation effect is poor, at present specifically for high and cold high sea
It rises sheer from level ground area, can adapt to very cold, ultraviolet radiation is strong, and day and night temperature is big, and temperature change is strong, the serious work of drought stress
Journey material and recovery technique or blank are badly in need of researching and developing a kind of for the special engineered of high altitudes and cold area engineering slope improvement
Material and ecological reestablishment.The present invention is with the various solid waste in soil of constructing, city and rural area, natural mineral matter mine
Slag, microbial bacterial agent and macromolecule modifying agent etc. are raw material, by the Functional Design of different substrates layer, are had developed a kind of suitable
For the special engineered material and ecological reestablishment in high altitudes and cold area, high altitudes and cold area engineering is effectively raised
Slope ecological repairing effect, and be conducive to the resource utilization of various solid waste, there is certain society, ecology and warp
Ji benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
The schematic diagram of special engineered material in Fig. 1 present invention.
In figure: 1- perforated nonwoven fabrics, 2- vegetable fibre net, 3- temperature regulate and control layer, 4- cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, and 5- promoting root growth is protected
Moisture in the soil hypothallus, 6- slope surface improve hypothallus, 7- engineering slope.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of matrix raw material:
Construction soil: collecting the topsoil of engineering excavation when construction, further preferably air-dried, crushing, cross 5mm sieve, soil
Sand grains content is in 5-10%, water content in 6-10%.
Peat soil: the content of organic matter is 30% or more, and quality is soft to be easy to fragmentary, specific gravity 0.7-1.05, is air-dried, powder
Broken, 5mm excessively is sieved, and water content is in 10-30%.
Coco bran: cocoanut husk fiber dust is air-dried, is crushed, crossing 5mm sieve, and water content is in 10-30%.
High molecular polymer: for polyacrylic acid potassium-polyacrylamide amine copolymer, 0.9% saline solution-absorbency multiplying power 50-
100%, partial size 0.2-0.5mm, service life 5 years or more.
Vermiculite: about 0.2 g/cm3 of bulk density absorbs water 3 times, and vermiculite partial size is less than 3mm；
Vegetable seeds: Stipa purpurea according to parts by weight: carex moorcroftii=1:1；
Bentonite: density 2-3g/cm3, for partial size less than 3mm, absorbency is 7~12 times,
Chemical synthesis compound fertilizer: N:P:K=13:26:10；
Diatomite: it air-dried, crushed, crossing 3mm sieve, water content is in 5-10%；
Organic castoff compost: using corn and wheat stalk as primary raw material, length is 3cm, corn and wheat stalk after crushing
Mass ratio be 3: 7, stalk mixture mix with cow dung, and the mass ratio of stalk mixture and cow dung is 7: 3, progress nature
Fermentation, decomposed processing 30 days, with as organic castoff compost；
Mineral fertilizer: medical stone according to parts by weight: calcite: gold stone=3:1:1 is air-dried, is crushed, crossing 3mm sieve, water content
In 5-10%；
Polymer Synthesizing modifying agent: sodium carboxymethylcellulose according to parts by weight: polyacrylic acid potassium: polyacrylamide=1:1:1；
Treated municipal sludge: municipal sludge in parts by weight: pulverized limestone=8:2 ratio mixing, natural air drying,
Water content 20%.
Microbial bacterial agent: desert cyanobacteria according to parts by weight: bacillus subtilis: bacillus licheniformis: silicate bacteria=
3:1:1:1
Natural mineral matter slag: potassium feldspar according to parts by weight: lime stone: dolomite: ground phosphate rock=3:2:1:2 is air-dried, powder
Broken, 3mm excessively is sieved, water content 20%.
Perforated nonwoven fabrics: by not less than 200 grams/m non-woven fabrics preparations of weight, it is 1cm's that surface, which is uniformly distributed diameter,
Circular hole, circular hole spacing are 3cm；
Vegetable fibre net: shredded coconut meat fiber according to parts by weight: wheat stalk: rice straw=3:1:1, thickness 2-3cm.
(2) slope surface improvement hypothallus is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 20 parts of soil of construction, 9.9 parts of Polymer Synthesizing modifying agent, 25 parts of organic castoff compost,
25 parts of municipal sludge, 0.1 part of microbial bacterial agent, 20 parts of natural mineral matter slag；Mixing, stirs evenly, is sprayed by hydroseeder
It broadcasts on bare side sloping surface, with a thickness of 5cm.
(3) promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: construction 25 parts of soil, 10 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of high molecular polymer, organic castoff compost
20 parts, 15 parts of mineral fertilizer, 10 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of chemical synthesis compound fertilizer；Mixing, stirs evenly, by hydroseeder
It sows grass seeds by duster and improves substrate layer surface in slope surface, with a thickness of 5cm, promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is differed with slope surface improvement hypothallus injecting time
12 hours.
(4) cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: construction 30 parts of soil, 15 parts of peat soil, 20 parts of coco bran, 13 parts of high molecular polymer, vermiculite
10 parts, 0.5 part of vegetable seeds, 10 parts of bentonite, 1.5 parts of chemical synthesis compound fertilizer；Mixing, stirs evenly, is sowed grass seeds by duster by hydroseeder
It preserves soil moisture substrate layer surface in promoting root growth, with a thickness of 5cm, cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer and promoting root growth preserve soil moisture, and to differ 12 small for hypothallus injecting time
When.
(5) temperature regulation layer is mated formation
After the completion of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, temperature regulation layer is laid on the surface of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, and use anchor
Bar is fixed, and anchor pole is 2/m using density2；
(6) it then carries out regular moisture maintenance management 3 months.
After 6 months, good vegetation cover is formd, vegetation coverage reaches 80% or more, and vegetation is covered after implementing 3 years
Cover degree is stablized 55% or more.
Embodiment 2:
(1) preparation of matrix raw material, with embodiment 1.
(2) slope surface improvement hypothallus is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 20 parts of organic castoff compost, 20 parts of municipal sludge, natural mineral matter slag 30
Part, other are the same as embodiment 1；Mixing, stirs evenly, is sowed grass seeds by duster by hydroseeder on bare side sloping surface, with a thickness of 3cm.
(3) promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 30 parts of organic castoff compost, 10 parts of mineral fertilizer, 5 parts of peat soil, other are the same as embodiment 1；
Mixing, stirs evenly, and is sowed grass seeds by duster by hydroseeder and improves substrate layer surface in slope surface, with a thickness of 3cm, promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus and slope surface
Hypothallus injecting time is improved to differ 12 hours.
(4) cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 10 parts of peat soil, 25 parts of coco bran, other are the same as embodiment 1；Mixing, stirs evenly, by sowing grass seeds by duster
Machine is sowed grass seeds by duster in promoting root growth soil moisture conservation substrate layer surface, with a thickness of 3cm, cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer and promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus injecting time phase
Poor 12 hours.
(5) temperature regulation layer is mated formation
After the completion of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, temperature regulation layer is laid on the surface of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, and use anchor
Bar is fixed, and anchor pole is 2/m using density2；
(6) it then carries out regular moisture maintenance management 3 months.
After 6 months, good vegetation cover is formd, vegetation coverage reaches 75% or more, and vegetation is covered after implementing 3 years
Cover degree is stablized 50% or more.
Embodiment 3:
(1) preparation of matrix raw material, with embodiment 1.
(2) slope surface improvement hypothallus is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 25 parts of organic castoff compost, 30 parts of municipal sludge, natural mineral matter slag 15
Part, other are the same as embodiment 1；Mixing, stirs evenly, is sowed grass seeds by duster by hydroseeder on bare side sloping surface, with a thickness of 4cm.
(3) promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 25 parts of organic castoff compost, 5 parts of mineral fertilizer, 15 parts of peat soil, other are the same as embodiment 1；
Mixing, stirs evenly, and is sowed grass seeds by duster by hydroseeder and improves substrate layer surface in slope surface, with a thickness of 4cm, promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus and slope surface
Hypothallus injecting time is improved to differ 12 hours.
(4) cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is prepared and sows grass seeds by duster
Raw material are according to the mass fraction: 20 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of coco bran, other are the same as embodiment 1；Mixing, stirs evenly, by sowing grass seeds by duster
Machine is sowed grass seeds by duster in promoting root growth soil moisture conservation substrate layer surface, with a thickness of 4cm, cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer and promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus injecting time phase
Poor 12 hours.
(5) temperature regulation layer is mated formation
After the completion of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, temperature regulation layer is laid on the surface of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, and use anchor
Bar is fixed, and anchor pole is 2/m using density2；
(6) it then carries out regular moisture maintenance management 3 months.
After 6 months, good vegetation cover is formd, vegetation coverage reaches 78% or more, and vegetation is covered after implementing 3 years
Cover degree is stablized 53% or more.
The various embodiments described above engineering ground details are as follows: engineering is located in the mountain range the North of Chuanxibei Plateau northeast, belongs to high mountain, height
The deep high mountain gorge landforms of the erosion slowly of former transition, belong to high altitudes and cold climatic province, and -3.38 °C~-3.3 ° of temperature on average over the years
C；Weather conditions are severe, and height above sea level is in 3300m or more.Project Areas landform is dangerously steep, and the gradient is between 30 °~60 °.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, which is characterized in that side slope carries out
The construction of special engineered material, the special engineered material by temperature regulation layer, cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer, promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus,
Slope surface improves hypothallus composition；The slope surface improvement hypothallus is located at the bottom of host material, and the promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is set
In the upper surface of slope surface improvement hypothallus, the cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is located at the upper surface of promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus, the temperature tune
Control layer is located at the upper surface of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer.
2. the ecological restoring method administered as described in claim 1 for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, feature exist
In the temperature regulation layer is made of perforated nonwoven fabrics and vegetable fibre net, and perforated nonwoven fabrics are located at outermost layer, by weight
Not less than 200 grams/m non-woven fabrics are made, and surface is uniformly distributed the circular hole that diameter is 1cm, and circular hole spacing is 3cm；Plant is fine
Net is tieed up by shredded coconut meat fiber, one or more of wheat stalk or rice straw composition, thickness 2-3cm.
3. the ecological restoring method administered as described in claim 1 for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, feature exist
In the cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is made of the raw material of following weight percentage, and construct soil 20-30%, peat soil 10-
20%, coco bran 10-20%, high molecular polymer 10-15%, vermiculite 10-15%, vegetable seeds 0.5-1%, bentonite 10-15%, chemistry
Composite fertilizer synthesis 1-2%.
4. the ecological restoring method administered as described in claim 1 for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, feature exist
In the promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus is made of the raw material of following weight percentage, and construct soil 15-25%, diatomite 10-
15%, high molecular polymer 5-10%, organic castoff compost 10-15%, mineral fertilizer 10-15%, peat soil 5-10%, vermiculite 5-
10%, chemical synthesis compound fertilizer 2-5%, with a thickness of 3-5cm.
5. the ecological restoring method administered as described in claim 1 for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope, feature exist
In the slope surface improvement hypothallus is made of the raw material of following weight percentage, and construction soil 10-20%, Polymer Synthesizing change
Good dose of 10-20%, organic castoff compost 20-30%, municipal sludge 20-30%, microbial bacterial agent 0.05-0.1%, natural mine
Substance slag 20-30%, with a thickness of 3-5cm.
6. a kind of ecological restoring method administered for high altitudes and cold area engineering slope according to claim 1, special
Sign is the special engineered material construction procedure are as follows:
1) cleaning, smooth slope surface: remove including rubble, float stone, weeds, waste residue engineering rubbish, it is ensured that slope surface is smoothly neat；
2) first the raw material of slope surface improvement hypothallus are mixed by above-mentioned defined quality proportioning, stirs evenly, is sprayed with hydroseeder
It broadcasts on bare side sloping surface, with a thickness of 3-5cm；
3) after slope surface improvement hypothallus sows grass seeds by duster and completes 6-12 hour, then by promoting root growth preserve soil moisture hypothallus raw material by above-mentioned regulation
Quality proportioning mixing, stir evenly, with hydroseeder sow grass seeds by duster slope surface improve substrate layer surface, with a thickness of 3-5cm；
4) after promoting root growth soil moisture conservation hypothallus sows grass seeds by duster and completes 6-12 hours, then the raw material of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer are mixed according to the ratio
It closes, stirs evenly, sowed grass seeds by duster with hydroseeder in promoting root growth soil moisture conservation substrate layer surface, with a thickness of 3-5cm；
5) after the completion of cold-resistant drought-resistant substrate layer is sowed grass seeds by duster, then by temperature regulation layer raw material prepare, be laid on cold-resistant drought resisting base
The surface of matter layer, and fixed with anchor pole, anchor pole is 1-2 root/m using density2；
6) it carries out regular moisture maintenance management 3-6 month.
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| CN110972893A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Freeze-thawing resistant planting base material for greening in ultrahigh altitude area and use method thereof |
| CN111837828A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-30 | 中石化重庆天然气管道有限责任公司 | Ecological protection system of limestone waste slag yard |
| CN112219629A (en) * | 2020-10-18 | 2021-01-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Water-retention and heat-preservation method for soil at high cold and high altitude |
| CN112740863A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-04 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | Stony desertification ecological restoration method in alpine region |
| CN113796268A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 长安大学 | Ecological restoration system and restoration method for vegetation on high and steep slope in high-altitude area |
| CN113728882A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-03 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Composite matrix layer for ecological restoration and ecological restoration method of gangue pile in cold and arid regions |
| CN114000520A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Ecological restoration slope anti-skidding planting protection system in alpine region and implementation method |
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| CN114190237A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-18 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Long-acting double-layer vulcanized metal ore slope spray-seeding process |
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