CN113999051A - Frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze surface and fine texture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze surface and fine texture and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113999051A
CN113999051A CN202111306110.7A CN202111306110A CN113999051A CN 113999051 A CN113999051 A CN 113999051A CN 202111306110 A CN202111306110 A CN 202111306110A CN 113999051 A CN113999051 A CN 113999051A
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China
Prior art keywords
glaze
ink
blank
ceramic plate
thin ceramic
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CN202111306110.7A
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Inventor
潘利敏
邓来福
汪庆刚
王贤超
汪陇军
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Monalisa Group Co Ltd
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Monalisa Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111306110.7A priority Critical patent/CN113999051A/en
Publication of CN113999051A publication Critical patent/CN113999051A/en
Priority to CN202211377164.7A priority patent/CN115650769B/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0023—Digital printing methods characterised by the inks used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/0064—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on plastics, horn, rubber, or other organic polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Abstract

The invention discloses a frosted thin ceramic plate with a super-flat glaze surface and fine texture and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: ink is jetted and printed on the surface of the blank to form a microstructure containing protrusions; applying base coat on the surface of the blank after ink is printed by ink jet; printing a design pattern on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied by ink jet; applying protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the design pattern is printed by ink jet; and drying and sintering the blank body after the protective glaze is applied to obtain the frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze surface and fine texture.

Description

Frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze surface and fine texture and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a frosted surface thin ceramic plate with an ultra-flat glaze surface and fine texture and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of production and manufacturing of building ceramics.
Background
Ceramic plates are favored by many designers because of their light weight, thin thickness, durability, and decorative rich qualities. At present, ceramic plates are widely used in the decoration fields of wardrobes, panels and the like. But the popularization and application of the ceramic plate also put higher requirements on the performance and preparation of the ceramic plate. In the production and manufacture of the existing thin ceramic plate, the traditional glazing process has high requirement on the strength of a blank body. In order to reduce edge cracking and breakage of the ceramic plate, the moisture caused by glazing must be strictly controlled to prevent the broken brick caused by strength attenuation due to excessive moisture. The glaze decoration of the thin ceramic plate mainly comprises semi-digital glazing and full-digital glazing. The semi-digital glazing is a traditional mode of spraying glaze and adding digital glaze, and due to the limitation of glazing amount, the thickness of a glaze layer is thin and the concave-convex part of the surface of a green body is difficult to fill, so that the flatness of the glaze surface of the semi-digital glazing needs to depend on the inherent flatness of the surface of the pressed green body to a great extent. The full-digital glazing is completely digital glaze without any water spraying glaze, so the flatness of the glaze surface is completely determined by the inherent surface of the blank body. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to obtain a thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze and fine texture even on the rough surface of the blank under the condition of ensuring the quality of the ceramic plate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a frosted thin ceramic plate with an ultra-flat glaze surface and fine texture and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a frosted thin ceramic plate with an ultra-flat glaze surface and fine texture. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
ink is jetted and printed on the surface of the blank to form a microstructure containing protrusions;
applying base coat on the surface of the blank after ink is printed by ink jet;
printing a design pattern on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied by ink jet;
applying protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the design pattern is printed by ink jet;
and drying and sintering the blank body after the protective glaze is applied to obtain the frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze surface and fine texture.
Preferably, the ink is white ink.
Preferably, the gray scale of the ink-jet printing ink is 5 to 20%.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3: 16-19%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 9.0 to 16%, alkali metal oxide: 4.0 to 6.0% of ZrO2：6.0～10％、ZnO：1.0～2.0％。
Preferably, the initial melting temperature of the ground coat is 1080-1130 ℃.
Preferably, the application mode of the ground coat is glaze spraying, and the specific gravity is 1.40-1.45 g/cm3The glazing amount is 300-400 g/m2。
Preferably, the protective glaze is applied by ink-jet printing of a digital protective glaze.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O：4.0～5.0％、ZnO：4.0～6.0％。
Preferably, theThe specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15-1.35 g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2。
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a frosted thin ceramic plate with an ultra-flat glaze surface and fine texture, which is obtained by the preparation method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a frosted thin ceramic plate having a super-flat glaze surface and a fine texture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the effect of the brick surface of a biscuit of a thin ceramic plate;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the brick surface effect of a frosted surface thin ceramic plate with a super-flat glaze surface and fine texture;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the brick surface of comparative example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the brick surface of comparative example 2;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the brick effect of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of, and not restrictive on, the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, each percentage means a mass percentage.
The preparation method of the frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze and fine texture is exemplarily described below with reference to fig. 1.
The ceramic base material (which may also be referred to as "green body powder") is press-formed to obtain a green body of the ceramic plate. The chemical composition and the raw material composition of the ceramic base material are not limited, and the ceramic base material commonly used in the field can be adopted. As an example, the chemical composition of the ceramic base may include: by mass percent, SiO2：62～67％、Al2O3：20～25％、Fe2O3：0.06～0.1％、TiO2：0.1～0.5％、CaO：0.1～0.5％、MgO：0.1～1.0％、K2O：2.0～3.0％、Na2O: 2.5-3.5%, loss on ignition: 4.5 to 6.5 percent. In the examples, the green body is obtained by means of a conventional press or belt molding. The resulting green body had poor surface flatness and was rough in appearance.
And drying the green body. Drying in a drying kiln may be used. For example, the drying time is 30-60 min, and the water content of the dried blank is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 wt%.
And ink is jetted and printed on the surface of the dried blank to form a microstructure containing protrusions. The ink may be an oil based ink, such as a white ink or a matte ink, in order to provide the ink with a fine microstructure on the surface of the rough body. The surface structure of the blank body is relatively loose and has strong hydrophilicity, when the ground glaze is directly applied to the surface of the blank body, the moisture in the glaze can quickly permeate into the blank body, and the glaze surface is quickly dried. And the ground glaze is generally applied in a small amount in order to avoid excessive moisture introduced into the ground glaze to cause rotting of the thin ceramic plate with a low thickness specification. The two methods result in that the ground glaze can not be directly applied on the surface of the blank body to achieve the frosting effect of ultra-flat glaze and fine texture.
Preferably, the ink is a white ink. The composition of the white ink is not limited, and a white ink commonly used in the art may be used. The ink is different from other color inks to form an oil surface with strong brightness, and the white ink has relatively high temperature, is beneficial to forming matte texture, and plays a role in promoting the visual effect of a frosted surface. In addition, as mentioned above, the moisture content introduced by the glaze material needs to be strictly controlled in the glazing process to avoid cracking of the thin ceramic plate during the process of moving the glaze line away from the brick, but this causes insufficient application amount of the ground coat, which results in failure to cover the surface unevenness of the blank and solves the problem of poor whiteness of the brick surface, and the white ink can well compensate and solve the above defects.
The low-gray ink-jet printing ink is beneficial to forming a frosted surface with a super-flat glaze surface and fine texture. This is because low gray levels are advantageous for obtaining fine microstructures on rough green surfaces. The small droplets of the ink are uniformly distributed on the surface of the green brick according to the resolution of the spray head to form the microstructure. When the gray level of the ink-jet printing ink exceeds the range, the state of the nozzle has adverse effect on the glaze effect, and particularly, the defects of inclined jet, stay wire, color mark and the like are found in the test after glazing. In some embodiments, the ink-jet printing ink has a gray scale of 5 to 20%, preferably 5 to 15%. When printing in a multi-pass manner, the above-mentioned gradation refers to the sum of the gradations of the respective passes of the ink-jet printing ink. The number of channels of the ink-jet printing ink can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, by adopting double-channel printing, the gray level of each channel is 5-10%.
In the prior art, white ink is generally printed by ink-jet to cover blank flaws and improve ink-jet color development. The invention utilizes the oily effect of the ink to form a fine microstructure on the surface of the blank by the oily ink with low gray level, and the fine microstructure is beneficial to controlling the fine frosted texture formed by the subsequent glaze surface.
And applying base coat on the surface of the blank after ink-jet printing. The ground glaze has the functions of covering the ground color and flaws of the blank, promoting the color development of the ink-jet pattern, forming fine small droplets under the action of oily ink and being beneficial to forming fine frosted surface texture after sintering.
The chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3: 16-19%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 9.0 to 16%, alkali metal oxide: 4.0 to 6.0% of ZrO2: 6.0-10%, ZnO: 1.0 to 2.0 percent. The ground glaze contains a large amount of alkaline earth metal oxides, and can realize low glossiness and fine and soft texture.
For example, the chemical composition of the under-glaze may include: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3：16～19％、Fe2O3：0.16～0.46％、TiO2：0.15～0.25％、CaO：3～4％、MgO：1.0～1.5％、K2O：1～2％、Na2O：3～4％、ZrO2: 6-10%, ZnO: 1-2%, BaO: 5-10%, loss on ignition: 5.0 to 8.0 percent. The barium oxide contained in the ground glaze is also beneficial to improving the texture and color development of the glaze surface.
The initial melting temperature of the ground glaze is 1080-1130 ℃. Therefore, the prickly heat hole defect caused by unsmooth exhaust of the green body due to premature melting of the glaze surface can be prevented, and the glaze has better texture and antifouling performance. However, the initial melting temperature of the ground glaze is too low, and the glaze drops are melted and leveled with each other, so that the frosted texture is lost.
The mineral composition of the ground glaze may include: the high-calcium high-alumina ceramic material comprises, by mass, 1-5% of alumina, 5-8% of quartz sand, 2-5% of calcined talc, 10-20% of potassium feldspar, 25-35% of albite, 1-5% of zinc oxide, 8-12% of kaolin, 6-12% of barium carbonate, 8-15% of zirconium silicate and 10-20% of high-calcium high-alumina frit.
The chemical composition of the high-calcium high-aluminum frit comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：48～53％、Al2O3：22～28％、CaO：13～18％、MgO：1.0～1.5％、K2O：3.0～4.0％、Na2O: 2.0-3.0%, BaO: 0.1 to 0.5 percent. As an example, the chemical composition of a high calcium, high alumina frit may include: by mass percent, SiO2：48～53％、Al2O3：22～28％、Fe2O3：0.16～0.46％、TiO2：0.15～0.25％、CaO：13～18％、MgO：1.0～1.5％、K2O：3.0～4.0％、Na2O: 2.0-3.0%, BaO: 0.1-0.5%, loss on ignition: 0.1 to 0.5 percent.
When preparing the ground coat, the mineral composition of the ground coat and water are mixed evenly and ball milled to obtain D9038 +/-5 mu m of ground glaze slurry. The particle size distribution can be determined by a particle size analyzer. An ink-jet leveling agent can be added into the ground coat to prevent the glaze slip from local glaze shrinkage caused by excessive oil on the surface of the blank. In some embodiments, the inkjet leveling assistant accounts for 0.01-0.05% of the mineral composition of the ground coat by mass.
The ground coat can be applied by spraying glaze. The ground glaze is sprayed on the surface of the blank body, and after sintering, the glaze surface forms a frosting effect with dense distribution and a raised microstructure, because larger interfacial tension exists between atomized glaze drops and ink dots with raised surfaces, moisture is kept in the form of countless small glaze drops in the process of being absorbed by the blank body, and finally the frosting effect is formed.
The specific gravity of the ground coat can be 1.40-1.45 g/cm3The glazing amount can be 300-400 g/m2. The glazing amount of the ground coat is too low, the drying speed of the liquid drops is too high, and the form of uniform small liquid drops cannot be maintained. Application of the ground glazeToo high amount, the strength of the blank is reduced, and more glazed lines are broken.
And printing a design pattern on the surface of the blank after the ground coat is applied by ink jet. The color and texture of the ink jet printed design pattern is adapted to the layout.
And applying a protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the design pattern is printed by ink jet to adjust the glossiness of the glaze and protect the ink jet pattern. The protective glaze can be applied by one of ink-jet printing digital protective glaze, spraying common protective glaze and spraying common protective glaze. Preferably, the ink-jet printing digital protective glaze can further reduce the moisture content introduced by glazing and promote the strength of the ceramic plate.
The chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O: 4.0-5.0%, ZnO: 4.0 to 6.0 percent. As an example, the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze may include: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15％、TiO2：0.01～0.05％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O: 4.0-5.0%, ZnO: 4.0-6.0%, loss on ignition: 1.0 to 3.0 percent.
The glazing amount of the digital protective glaze can be adjusted according to the glossiness. In some embodiments, the specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15-1.35 g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2. The digital protection glaze has less glazing amount, is convenient for adjusting the glossiness of the glaze surface, and can not influence the frosting effect generated by the brick surface. For example, the glaze glossiness of the frosted thin ceramic plate with the super-flat glaze and fine texture is 8-15 degrees.
And drying and firing the blank body after the protective glaze is applied. The highest firing temperature can be 1180-1220 ℃. The firing period can be 60 to 100 minutes. For example, the maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃.
And (6) edging and grading. And (6) packaging and warehousing.
The frosted thin ceramic plate with the ultra-flat glaze and fine texture and the preparation method thereof form a fine raised microstructure on the surface of a rough blank by ink-jet printing of low-gray oily ink on the surface of the blank, in addition, ink dots forming the raised microstructure and subsequently applied ground glaze drops have larger interfacial tension, the brick surface keeps the form of countless small glaze drops in the process that the moisture of glaze is absorbed by the blank, and finally the frosted glaze effect with the raised microstructure is densely and uniformly distributed after firing. As an example, the thin ceramic plate may have a thickness of 2 to 4 mm. In some embodiments, the thin ceramic plate has a length of 1200 to 3200mm × 600 to 1600mm × 2.8 to 3.5 mm.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Example 1
The preparation method of the frosted thin ceramic plate with the ultra-flat glaze surface and exquisite texture comprises the following steps:
step 1, dry-pressing and molding the ceramic base material into a blank body;
step 2, drying the blank for 30-60 min, wherein the water content of the dried blank is 0.3-0.5 wt%;
step 3, carrying out double-channel ink-jet printing on white ink on the surface of the dried blank, wherein the gray level of each channel is 5-10%;
step 4, applying base coat on the surface of the blank after the white ink is printed by ink jet; the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3：16～19％、Fe2O3：0.16～0.46％、TiO2：0.15～0.25％、CaO：3.0～4.0％、MgO：1.0～1.5％、K2O：1.0～2.0％、Na2O：3.0～4.0％、ZrO2: 6.0-10%, ZnO: 1.0-2.0%, BaO: 5.0-10%, loss on ignition: 5.0-8.0%; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.40-1.45 g/cm3The glazing amount is 300-400 g/m2；
Step 5, ink-jet printing patterns on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied;
step 6, ink-jet printing digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the pattern is ink-jet printed; the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15％、TiO2：0.01～0.05％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O: 4.0-5.0%, ZnO: 4.0-6.0%, loss on ignition: 1.0-3.0%; the specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15-1.35 g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2；
Step 7, drying and firing the blank after the ink-jet printing digital protective glaze, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 60-100 minutes;
step 8, edging and grading; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
FIG. 2 is a brick surface effect diagram of the directly fired green body in the step 2, and the surface flatness of the green brick is poor. Fig. 3 is a brick surface effect diagram of a frosted surface thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze and fine texture. Fig. 2 and 3 have a distinct difference visible to the naked eye.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the thin ceramic plate comprises the following steps:
step 1, dry-pressing and molding the ceramic base material into a blank body;
step 2, drying the blank for 30-60 min, wherein the water content of the dried blank is 0.3-0.5 wt%;
step 3, applying base coat on the surface of the dried blank; the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3：16～19％、Fe2O3：0.16～0.46％、TiO2：0.15～0.25％、CaO：3.0～4.0％、MgO：1.0～1.5％、K2O：1.0～2.0％、Na2O：3.0～4.0％、ZrO2: 6.0-10%, ZnO: 1.0-2.0%, BaO: 5.0-10%, loss on ignition: 5.0-8.0%; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.40-1.45 g/cm3The glazing amount is 300-400 g/m2；
Step 4, ink-jet printing patterns on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied;
step 5, ink-jet printing digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the pattern is ink-jet printed; the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15％、TiO2：0.01～0.05％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O: 4.0-5.0%, ZnO: 4.0-6.0%, loss on ignition: 1.0-3.0%; the specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15-1.35 g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2；
Step 6, drying and firing the blank after the ink-jet printing digital protective glaze, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 60-100 minutes;
step 7, edging and grading; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
As shown in fig. 4, the brick surface after firing has no frosted texture because the application amount of the ground coat is low after the step of ink-jet printing of the oily ink is omitted, the moisture in the ground coat rapidly permeates into the green body, and the sprayed glaze falls on the surface of the green brick and immediately dries, and cannot be maintained in the shape of small droplets on the brick surface and fired to obtain a protrusion with frosted texture.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the thin ceramic plate comprises the following steps:
step 1, dry-pressing and molding the ceramic base material into a blank body;
step 2, drying the blank for 30-60 min, wherein the water content of the dried blank is 0.3-0.5 wt%;
step 3, carrying out double-channel ink-jet printing on white ink on the surface of the dried blank, wherein the gray level of each channel is 15%;
step 4, the surface of the blank after the white ink is printed by ink-jet printingApplying base coat; the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3：16～19％、Fe2O3：0.16～0.46％、TiO2：0.15～0.25％、CaO：3.0～4.0％、MgO：1.0～1.5％、K2O：1.0～2.0％、Na2O：3.0～4.0％、ZrO2: 6.0-10%, ZnO: 1.0-2.0%, BaO: 5.0-10%, loss on ignition: 5.0-8.0%; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.40-1.45 g/cm3The glazing amount is 300-400 g/m2；
Step 5, ink-jet printing patterns on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied;
step 6, ink-jet printing digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the pattern is ink-jet printed; the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15％、TiO2：0.01～0.05％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O: 4.0-5.0%, ZnO: 4.0-6.0%, loss on ignition: 1.0-3.0%; the specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15-1.35 g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2；
Step 7, drying and firing the blank after the ink-jet printing digital protective glaze, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 60-100 minutes;
step 8, edging and grading; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
As shown in fig. 5, the fired glaze has poor effect, and is mainly formed by directly reacting on the brick surface in a spray head state. This is because the droplets of ink are uniformly distributed on the surface of the green brick according to the resolution of the jet head to form the above-mentioned microstructure. When the gray level of the ink for ink-jet printing exceeds the range, the influence of the state of the nozzle on the glaze effect is large, and the defects of oblique nozzle spraying, wire drawing, color marks and the like can be seen locally on the brick surface after glazing after the ink with high gray level is printed in a test.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the thin ceramic plate comprises the following steps:
step 1, dry-pressing and molding the ceramic base material into a blank body;
step 2, drying the blank for 30-60 min, wherein the water content of the dried blank is 0.3-0.5 wt%;
step 3, carrying out double-channel ink-jet printing on white ink on the surface of the dried blank, wherein the gray level of each channel is 5-10%;
step 4, applying base coat on the surface of the blank after the white ink is printed by ink jet; the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50％、Al2O3：10～12％、Fe2O3：0.16～0.46％、TiO2：0.15～0.25％、CaO：6.0～8.0％、MgO：3.0～5.0％、K2O：3.0～4.0％、Na2O：1.0～2.0％、ZrO2: 6-10%, ZnO: 1.0-2.0%, BaO: 5.0-10%, loss on ignition: 5.0-8.0%; the specific gravity of the ground glaze is 1.40-1.45 g/cm3The glazing amount is 300-400 g/m2；
Step 5, ink-jet printing patterns on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied;
step 6, ink-jet printing digital protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the pattern is ink-jet printed; the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55％、Al2O3：15～18％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15％、TiO2：0.01～0.05％、CaO：15～20％、MgO：0.5～1.0％、K2O：0.1～0.5％、Na2O: 4.0-5.0%, ZnO: 4.0-6.0%, loss on ignition: 1.0-3.0%; the specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15-1.35 g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2；
Step 7, drying and firing the blank after the ink-jet printing digital protective glaze, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 60-100 minutes;
step 8, edging and grading; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
As shown in fig. 6, the fired tile surface was flat and had no frosted texture because the glaze surface was completely flat due to the low initial melting temperature of the ground glaze, and thus had no frosted texture due to the glaze drops.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a frosted surface thin ceramic plate with an ultra-flat glaze surface and fine texture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
ink is jetted and printed on the surface of the blank to form a microstructure containing protrusions;
applying base coat on the surface of the blank after ink is printed by ink jet;
printing a design pattern on the surface of the blank body after the ground coat is applied by ink jet;
applying protective glaze on the surface of the blank after the design pattern is printed by ink jet;
and drying and sintering the blank body after the protective glaze is applied to obtain the frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze surface and fine texture.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ink is a white ink.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gray level of the ink-jet printing ink is 5 to 20%.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chemical composition of the under-glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50%、Al2O3: 16-19%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 9.0 to 16%, alkali metal oxide: 4.0 to 6.0% of ZrO2：6.0～10%、ZnO：1.0～2.0%。
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the under coat has an initial melting temperature of 1080 to 1130 ℃.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ground coat is applied by spraying glaze and has a specific gravity of 1.40 to 1.45g/cm3The glazing amount is 300-400 g/m2。
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the protective glaze is applied by ink-jet printing of a digital protective glaze.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the chemical composition of the digital protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～55%、Al2O3：15～18%、CaO：15～20%、MgO：0.5～1.0%、K2O：0.1～0.5%、Na2O：4.0～5.0%、ZnO：4.0～6.0%。
9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the specific gravity of the digital protective glaze is 1.15 to 1.35g/cm3The glazing amount is 5-30 g/m2。
10. The frosted thin ceramic plate with super-flat glaze and fine texture obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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