CN113998155A - A locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a locking and releasing device based on shape memory alloy driving and a manufacturing method thereof. Wherein, locking release includes: the locking and releasing mechanism, the temperature control circuit, the shape memory alloy wire, the sliding mechanism and the resetting mechanism; the position of the temperature control circuit is fixed; one end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected with the temperature control circuit, and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected with the sliding mechanism; one end of the resetting mechanism is fixed, and the other end of the resetting mechanism is connected with the sliding mechanism; the sliding mechanism reciprocates on a straight line under the action of the temperature control circuit, the shape memory alloy wire and the reset mechanism; one end of the locking and releasing mechanism is hinged with the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the locking and releasing mechanism is used for locking and releasing the clamped object. The invention can realize the locking and releasing functions of the clamped object without using blasting means, can avoid the influence of huge impact force and gunpowder dust generated by blasting on satellite attitude control, precise photoelectric equipment and an optical fiber system, and can also realize the reutilization of the device.

Description

A locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of locking and releasing of non-inflammatory products, in particular to a locking and releasing device driven by a shape memory alloy and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

The two-dimensional tracking turntable of the space laser communication terminal is in a power-off state when the rocket is launched, and the pose of the two-dimensional tracking turntable cannot be stabilized by maintaining the motor torque. Therefore, the two-dimensional tracking turntable must be reliably locked by the locking mechanism to improve the structural rigidity and fundamental frequency, and resist the harsh mechanical environment of the satellite platform during launch. The two-dimensional tracking turntable of the laser communication terminal can work normally after the satellite platform has entered the predetermined orbit correctly and then unlocked.

The traditional locking and releasing mechanism is a pyrotechnic pin puller, which cuts off the locking pin through the explosion of the pyrotechnic substance, thereby realizing unlocking. However, when the explosives explode, the impact force is relatively large, which adversely affects satellite attitude control and precision optoelectronic equipment; moreover, the explosive powder during the explosion will contaminate the optical fiber system; in addition, the pyrotechnic pin puller is a one-time device and cannot be repeated. use.

In view of this, this application is hereby made.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional locking and releasing device used for the two-dimensional tracking turntable will affect the satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and optical system, and cannot be reused. The purpose is to provide a lock release device driven by a shape memory alloy and a manufacturing method. According to the principle that the shape memory alloy will deform at different temperatures, the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire is controlled to control the traction force applied to the sliding mechanism. At the same time, it cooperates with the reverse force exerted by the reset mechanism on the sliding mechanism to jointly drive the locking mechanism to open and close, so that the clamped object can be locked and released without the use of blasting means, and the device can be reused.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

In one aspect, the present invention provides a lock release device driven by a shape memory alloy, comprising: a lock release mechanism, a temperature control circuit, a shape memory alloy wire, a sliding mechanism and a reset mechanism; the position of the temperature control circuit is fixed; One end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the temperature control circuit, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism; one end of the reset mechanism is fixed, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism; the sliding mechanism is connected to the temperature control circuit, The shape memory alloy wire and the reset mechanism reciprocate in a straight line; one end of the locking and releasing mechanism is hinged with the sliding mechanism, and the other end is used for locking and releasing the clamped object.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a shape memory alloy-driven locking release device, which uses a temperature control circuit to control the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire according to the principle that the shape memory alloy will deform at different temperatures. height, so as to control the size of its deformation. Since the position of the temperature control circuit is fixed, one end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the temperature control circuit, the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism, and one end of the reset mechanism is fixed, and the other end is also connected to the sliding mechanism. Therefore, by controlling the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire, the The traction force of the shape memory alloy wire on the sliding mechanism can be controlled, and at the same time, the reverse force exerted by the reset mechanism on the sliding mechanism can be matched to make the sliding mechanism reciprocate on a straight line. Since the locking release mechanism and the sliding mechanism are connected in a hinged manner, the linear reciprocating motion of the sliding mechanism can drive the locking and releasing mechanism to open and close. When the object to be clamped needs to be locked, the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire is controlled by the temperature control circuit to decrease, so that the originally contracted shape memory alloy wire is stretched, so that the traction force exerted on the sliding module is reduced, which is smaller than that exerted by the reset mechanism on the sliding mechanism. At this time, the sliding mechanism slides toward the direction close to the reset mechanism, and the locking and releasing mechanism is driven to tighten, thereby clamping the object to be clamped. On the contrary, when the clamped object needs to be released, the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire is controlled by the temperature control circuit to increase, so that the shape memory alloy wire shrinks, so that the traction force applied to the sliding module increases, which is greater than the reset mechanism to the sliding mechanism. The reaction force, at this time, the sliding mechanism slides in the direction away from the reset mechanism, and drives the locking and releasing mechanism to open, thereby releasing the clamped object. Therefore, the locking and releasing device based on the shape memory alloy drive provided by the present invention can realize the locking and releasing of the clamped object without using blasting means; and because no blasting is required, the present invention is suitable for satellite attitude control and precision optoelectronic equipment. The impact is small, and the device can also be reused.

As a further description of the present invention, the sliding mechanism includes: a wire winding pin shaft and a slider, the wire winding pin shaft is fixed on the slider; one end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the temperature control circuit The positive pole is connected to the negative pole of the temperature control circuit after the other end bypasses the winding pin shaft; the slider is located in the bar-shaped slide rail.

As a further description of the present invention, the device includes a plurality of said lock release mechanisms. When the multiple locking release mechanisms are tightened, the locking effect on the clamped object can be enhanced. In addition, the plurality of hinge points of the locking release mechanism and the sliding mechanism are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism, so that the clamped object is evenly stressed in the locked state.

As a further description of the present invention, the lock release mechanism includes: a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; the guide rod includes: a hinge end and a lock release end; the hinge end of the guide rod passes through the sleeve The pipe is hinged on the sliding mechanism; the hinge is used to hinge the sleeve on a fixed fulcrum.

As a further description of the present invention, the wire winding pin is made of insulating material, which can prevent electric leakage.

As a further description of the present invention, the reset mechanism is a reset spring or a rubber strip.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a lock release device driven by shape memory alloy, comprising the following steps:

S1: select a temperature control circuit, and fix the position of the temperature control circuit;

S2: select a shape memory alloy wire and a sliding mechanism, and use the shape memory alloy wire to connect the temperature control circuit and the sliding mechanism;

S3: Select a reset mechanism, fix one end of the reset mechanism, and connect the other end to the sliding mechanism, so that the sliding mechanism is located between the temperature control circuit, the memory metal alloy wire and the reset mechanism. Under the joint action, it can keep moving in a straight line;

S4: Manufacture a locking and releasing mechanism, and hinge one end of the locking and releasing mechanism on the sliding mechanism.

As a further description of the present invention, the S2 is specifically: connecting one end of the shape memory alloy wire to the positive electrode of the temperature control circuit, and connecting the other end to the negative electrode of the temperature control circuit after bypassing the sliding mechanism.

As a further description of the present invention, the method for making a locking release mechanism is as follows: selecting a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; articulating the sleeve on a fixed point through the hinge; One end of the guide rod passes through the sleeve and is hinged on the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the guide rod is bent to form a plurality of inversions for locking and releasing the clamped object.

As a further description of the present invention, the method further includes the steps of: hingedly connecting a plurality of locking release mechanisms to the sliding mechanism, so that the plurality of hinged points of the locking releasing mechanisms and the sliding mechanism are located at the same location. The outer surface of the sliding mechanism is equally spaced.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The embodiment of the present invention provides a shape memory alloy-driven locking and releasing device and a manufacturing method, which can realize the clamped object without the use of blasting means. The locking and releasing function of the device can avoid the impact of the huge impact force and gunpowder dust caused by blasting on the satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and optical fiber system, and can also realize the reuse of the device.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, Therefore, it should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shape memory alloy-driven locking release device in a locked state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock release device driven by a shape memory alloy provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a released state.

The marks in the attached drawings and the corresponding parts names:

1-Lock release mechanism, 2-Temperature control circuit, 3-Shape memory alloy wire, 4-Sliding mechanism, 5-Reset mechanism, 6-Clamped object, 11-Guide rod, 12-Sleeve, 13-Hinged piece , 41-winding pin shaft, 42-slider.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. as a limitation of the present invention.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the present invention in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or subcombination in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by ", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific Orientation, construction and operation in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

Since the traditional locking and releasing mechanism 1 is a pyrotechnic pin puller, the locking pin is cut off by the explosion of the pyrotechnic substance, thereby realizing unlocking. However, when the explosives explode, the impact force is relatively large, which adversely affects satellite attitude control and precision optoelectronic equipment; moreover, the explosive powder during the explosion will contaminate the optical fiber system; in addition, the pyrotechnic pin puller is a one-time device and cannot be repeated. use.

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the traditional locking and releasing device, the present embodiment provides a locking and releasing device driven by a shape memory alloy as shown in FIG. Memory alloy wire 3, sliding mechanism 4 and reset mechanism 5; the position of the temperature control circuit 2 is fixed; one end of the shape memory alloy wire 3 is connected to the temperature control circuit 2, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism 4; One end of the reset mechanism 5 is fixed, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism 4; the sliding mechanism 4 is in a straight line under the action of the temperature control circuit 2, the shape memory alloy wire 3 and the reset mechanism 5 Do reciprocating motion; one end of the locking and releasing mechanism 1 is hinged with the sliding mechanism 4 , and the other end is used for locking and releasing the object 6 to be clamped.

in,

The sliding mechanism 4 includes: a wire winding pin shaft 41 and a slider 42, the wire winding pin shaft 41 is fixed on the slider 42; one end of the shape memory alloy wire 3 is connected to the positive electrode of the temperature control circuit 2, The other end bypasses the wire winding pin shaft 41 and then connects to the negative pole of the temperature control circuit 2; the slider 42 is located in the bar-shaped slide rail.

The locking release mechanism 1 includes: a guide rod 11 , a sleeve 12 and a hinge 13 ; the guide rod 11 includes a hinge end and a lock release end; after the hinge end of the guide rod 11 passes through the sleeve 12 It is hinged on the sliding mechanism 4; the hinge piece 13 is used to hinge the sleeve 12 on a fixed fulcrum.

In order to enhance the clamping effect of the locking release device on the object to be clamped 6 in the locked state, a plurality of the locking and releasing mechanisms 1 are provided in this embodiment, and the plurality of the locking and releasing mechanisms 1 and the The plurality of hinge points of the sliding mechanism 4 are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism 4, so that the clamped object 6 can be uniformly stressed in the locked state.

Further, in order to ensure the safety of use on the device, the wire winding pin shaft 41 described in this embodiment adopts an insulating material, the purpose of which is to prevent electric leakage.

This embodiment also provides a specific selection method for the reset mechanism 5 , for example, a reset spring or a rubber strip can be selected as the reset mechanism 5 .

In order to explain more clearly the above-mentioned locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy, in this embodiment, the clamped object 6 is a two-dimensional tracking turntable, the reset mechanism 5 is a reset spring, the sliding mechanism 4 is a slider 42, and the lock Taking two tight release mechanisms 1 as an example, the working principle of the locking release device is further explained as follows:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking release device in a locked state. In the initial locking state, the shape memory alloy wire 3 is stretched until plastic deformation occurs, and the return spring is also stretched. When the two-dimensional tracking turntable needs to be released, the temperature control circuit 2 is connected, the shape memory alloy wire 3 rapidly heats up when the current flows due to its large resistance, and the shape memory alloy wire 3 shrinks and pulls the slider 42 . At the same time, the slider 42 drives the guide rods 11 to move, and the angle between the two guide rods 11 becomes larger, thereby realizing the unlocking and releasing function of the clamped object 6 . FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking release device in a released state.

Here, the lock release mechanism needs to be further explained. Since the lock release mechanism 1 is composed of a guide rod 11, a sleeve and a hinge 13, the sleeve is hinged on a fixed fulcrum through the hinge 13, One end of the guide rod 11 is hinged with the slider 42 through the sleeve. Since the position of the sleeve relative to the fixed fulcrum remains unchanged, the sleeve can rotate around the hinge point between the hinge 13 and the fixed fulcrum; and because the guide rod 11 passes through the sleeve, it can slide in the length direction in the sleeve , and the connection between one end of the guide rod 11 and the slider 42 is hinged, so when the slider 42 slides in the direction of the principle return spring, the slider 42 can push the two guide rods 11 at the same time. The included angle between 11 becomes larger, so that the distance before the other end point of the two guide rods 11 increases, and the function of releasing the two-dimensional tracking turntable is realized.

When the shape memory alloy wire 3 shrinks and pulls the slider 42, the return spring is further elongated. When the temperature control circuit 2 is disconnected, the shape memory alloy wire 3 cools down, and the restoring force of the return spring pulls the slider 42 to drive the guide rods 11 to move, so that the angle between the two guide rods 11 becomes smaller and the re-locking is realized. 2D tracking turntable.

It should be further explained that the length and stiffness of the return spring in this embodiment, the length and diameter of the shape memory wire, the current of the temperature control circuit 2 , and the size of the guide rod 11 and other parameters need to be tracked according to the two-dimensional tracking of the turntable. The size of the two-dimensional tracking turntable and the size of the clamping force required when the two-dimensional tracking turntable is locked are calculated specifically. Among them, the parameters of the shape memory alloy wire 3 need to be determined after repeated tests, so as to ensure that the shrinkage deformation amount tends to be stable, and the reliability of the locking and releasing mechanism 1 is ensured.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a shape memory alloy-driven locking and releasing device and a manufacturing method, which can realize the locking and releasing functions of the clamped object 6 without the use of blasting means, and can Avoid the huge impact force and gunpowder dust caused by blasting on satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and optical fiber systems, and can also achieve device reuse.

Example 2

This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing the shape memory alloy-driven locking release device described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

S1: select a temperature control circuit, and fix the position of the temperature control circuit;

S2: select a shape memory alloy wire and a sliding mechanism, and use the shape memory alloy wire to connect the temperature control circuit and the sliding mechanism;

S3: Select a reset mechanism, fix one end of the reset mechanism, and connect the other end to the sliding mechanism, so that the sliding mechanism is located between the temperature control circuit, the memory metal alloy wire and the reset mechanism. Under the joint action, it can keep moving in a straight line;

S4: Manufacture a locking and releasing mechanism, and hinge one end of the locking and releasing mechanism on the sliding mechanism.

in,

S2 is specifically: connecting one end of the shape memory alloy wire to the positive electrode of the temperature control circuit, and connecting the other end to the negative electrode of the temperature control circuit after bypassing the sliding mechanism.

In S4, the method of making the locking release mechanism is as follows: selecting a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; hinge the sleeve to a fixed point through the hinge; connect one end of the guide rod After passing through the sleeve, it is hinged on the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the guide rod is bent to form a plurality of inverted turns for locking and releasing the clamped object.

In addition, in order to enhance the clamping effect of the lock release device on the object to be clamped in the locked state, in this embodiment, a plurality of lock release mechanisms are hinged on the sliding mechanism, and a plurality of the lock release mechanisms are released. The multiple hinge points of the mechanism and the sliding mechanism are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism, in order to make the clamped object receive uniform force in the locked state.

The locking and releasing device made by the above method can realize the locking and releasing functions of the clamped object without using blasting means, thereby avoiding the huge impact force generated by blasting and gunpowder dust on satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and The fiber optic system has an impact, and the device can also be reused.

The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device, comprising: the locking and releasing mechanism (1), the temperature control circuit (2), the shape memory alloy wire (3), the sliding mechanism (4) and the reset mechanism (5); the position of the temperature control circuit (2) is fixed; one end of the shape memory alloy wire (3) is connected with the temperature control circuit (2), and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected with the sliding mechanism (4); one end of the reset mechanism (5) is fixed, and the other end of the reset mechanism is connected with the sliding mechanism (4); the sliding mechanism (4) reciprocates on a straight line under the action of the temperature control circuit (2), the shape memory alloy wire (3) and the reset mechanism (4); one end of the locking and releasing mechanism (1) is hinged with the sliding mechanism (4), and the other end is used for locking and releasing the clamped object (6).

2. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1, wherein the sliding mechanism (4) comprises: the winding device comprises a winding pin shaft (41) and a sliding block (42), wherein the winding pin shaft (41) is fixed on the sliding block (42); one end of the shape memory alloy wire (3) is connected with the anode of the temperature control circuit (2), and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire bypasses the wire winding pin shaft (41) and then is connected with the cathode of the temperature control circuit (2); the sliding block (42) is positioned in the strip-shaped sliding rail.

3. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a plurality of said lock release mechanisms (1); a plurality of hinge points of the locking and releasing mechanisms (1) and the sliding mechanism (4) are distributed on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism (4) at equal intervals.

4. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the lock release mechanism (1) comprises: a guide rod (11), a sleeve (12) and a hinge (13); the guide bar (11) includes: a hinged end and a lock release end; the hinged end of the guide rod (11) is hinged on the sliding mechanism after penetrating through the sleeve (12); the hinge (13) is used for hinging the sleeve (12) on a fixed fulcrum.

5. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wire winding pin (41) is made of an insulating material.

6. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1, characterized in that the return mechanism (5) is a return spring or a rubber band.

7. A manufacturing method of a locking and releasing device based on shape memory alloy driving is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: selecting a temperature control circuit, and fixing the position of the temperature control circuit;

s2: selecting a shape memory alloy wire and a sliding mechanism, and connecting the temperature control circuit and the sliding mechanism by using the shape memory alloy wire;

s3: selecting a reset mechanism, fixing one end of the reset mechanism, and connecting the other end of the reset mechanism to the sliding mechanism, so that the sliding mechanism can keep moving on a straight line under the combined action of the temperature control circuit, the memory metal alloy wire and the reset mechanism;

s4: and manufacturing a locking and releasing mechanism, and hinging one end of the locking and releasing mechanism on the sliding mechanism.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the S2 is specifically: and connecting one end of the shape memory alloy wire with the anode of the temperature control circuit, and connecting the other end of the shape memory alloy wire with the cathode of the temperature control circuit after bypassing the sliding mechanism.

9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the method of manufacturing the lock-release mechanism is: selecting a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; the sleeve is hinged on a fixed point through the hinged piece; one end of the guide rod penetrates through the sleeve and then is hinged to the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the guide rod is bent to form a plurality of reverse turns for locking and releasing a clamped object.

10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7 or 8, comprising the steps of: and hinging a plurality of locking and releasing mechanisms on the sliding mechanism, so that a plurality of hinging points of the locking and releasing mechanisms and the sliding mechanism are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism.

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