CN113998155A - A locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

A locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113998155A
CN113998155A CN202111507200.2A CN202111507200A CN113998155A CN 113998155 A CN113998155 A CN 113998155A CN 202111507200 A CN202111507200 A CN 202111507200A CN 113998155 A CN113998155 A CN 113998155A
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shape memory
memory alloy
locking
sliding mechanism
control circuit
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张开华
杨军
王瀚林
李翰明
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Chongqing Liangjiang Satellite Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Chongqing Liangjiang Satellite Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/64Systems for coupling or separating cosmonautic vehicles or parts thereof, e.g. docking arrangements
    • B64G1/645Separators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/64Systems for coupling or separating cosmonautic vehicles or parts thereof, e.g. docking arrangements
    • B64G1/646Docking or rendezvous systems

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a locking and releasing device based on shape memory alloy driving and a manufacturing method thereof. Wherein, locking release includes: the locking and releasing mechanism, the temperature control circuit, the shape memory alloy wire, the sliding mechanism and the resetting mechanism; the position of the temperature control circuit is fixed; one end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected with the temperature control circuit, and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected with the sliding mechanism; one end of the resetting mechanism is fixed, and the other end of the resetting mechanism is connected with the sliding mechanism; the sliding mechanism reciprocates on a straight line under the action of the temperature control circuit, the shape memory alloy wire and the reset mechanism; one end of the locking and releasing mechanism is hinged with the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the locking and releasing mechanism is used for locking and releasing the clamped object. The invention can realize the locking and releasing functions of the clamped object without using blasting means, can avoid the influence of huge impact force and gunpowder dust generated by blasting on satellite attitude control, precise photoelectric equipment and an optical fiber system, and can also realize the reutilization of the device.

Description

一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置及制作方法A locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy and its manufacturing method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及非火工品锁紧释放技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置及制作方法。The invention relates to the technical field of locking and releasing of non-inflammatory products, in particular to a locking and releasing device driven by a shape memory alloy and a manufacturing method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

空间激光通信终端的二维跟踪转台在火箭发射时处于断电状态,无法通过电机力矩保持来稳定二维跟踪转台的位姿。因此必须通过锁紧机构对二维跟踪转台进行可靠地锁紧以提高结构刚度和基频,抵御卫星平台在发射时恶劣的力学环境。在卫星平台正确进入预定轨道后再解除锁定使激光通信终端的二维跟踪转台正常工作。The two-dimensional tracking turntable of the space laser communication terminal is in a power-off state when the rocket is launched, and the pose of the two-dimensional tracking turntable cannot be stabilized by maintaining the motor torque. Therefore, the two-dimensional tracking turntable must be reliably locked by the locking mechanism to improve the structural rigidity and fundamental frequency, and resist the harsh mechanical environment of the satellite platform during launch. The two-dimensional tracking turntable of the laser communication terminal can work normally after the satellite platform has entered the predetermined orbit correctly and then unlocked.

传统的锁紧释放机构为火工品拔销器,通过火工品的爆炸来剪断锁紧销,从而实现解锁。但火工品爆炸时冲击力较大,对卫星姿态控制和精密光电设备存在不利影响;并且,爆炸时的火药粉末会污染光纤系统;此外,火工品拔销器属于一次性装置,无法重复利用。The traditional locking and releasing mechanism is a pyrotechnic pin puller, which cuts off the locking pin through the explosion of the pyrotechnic substance, thereby realizing unlocking. However, when the explosives explode, the impact force is relatively large, which adversely affects satellite attitude control and precision optoelectronic equipment; moreover, the explosive powder during the explosion will contaminate the optical fiber system; in addition, the pyrotechnic pin puller is a one-time device and cannot be repeated. use.

有鉴于此,特提出本申请。In view of this, this application is hereby made.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题是:传统的用于二维跟踪转台的锁紧释放装置会对卫星姿态控制、精密光电设备和光学系统造成影响,并且无法重复利用。目的在于提供一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置及制作方法,根据形状记忆合金在不同温度下会发生形变的原理,通过控制形状记忆合金丝的温度来控制其对滑动机构施加的牵引力大小,同时配合复位机构对滑动机构施加的反向作用力,共同驱动锁紧机构张合,从而无需使用爆破手段即可对被夹持物进行锁紧和释放,实现装置可重复利用。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional locking and releasing device used for the two-dimensional tracking turntable will affect the satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and optical system, and cannot be reused. The purpose is to provide a lock release device driven by a shape memory alloy and a manufacturing method. According to the principle that the shape memory alloy will deform at different temperatures, the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire is controlled to control the traction force applied to the sliding mechanism. At the same time, it cooperates with the reverse force exerted by the reset mechanism on the sliding mechanism to jointly drive the locking mechanism to open and close, so that the clamped object can be locked and released without the use of blasting means, and the device can be reused.

本发明通过下述技术方案实现:The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一方面,本发明提供一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置,包括:锁紧释放机构、温控电路、形状记忆合金丝、滑动机构和复位机构;所述温控电路的位置固定;所述形状记忆合金丝的一端连接所述温控电路,另一端连接所述滑动机构;所述复位机构的一端固定,另一端连接所述滑动机构;所述滑动机构在所述温控电路、所述形状记忆合金丝和所述复位机构的作用下在一条直线上做往复运动;所述锁紧释放机构的一端与所述滑动机构铰接,另一端用于锁紧释放被夹持物。In one aspect, the present invention provides a lock release device driven by a shape memory alloy, comprising: a lock release mechanism, a temperature control circuit, a shape memory alloy wire, a sliding mechanism and a reset mechanism; the position of the temperature control circuit is fixed; One end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the temperature control circuit, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism; one end of the reset mechanism is fixed, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism; the sliding mechanism is connected to the temperature control circuit, The shape memory alloy wire and the reset mechanism reciprocate in a straight line; one end of the locking and releasing mechanism is hinged with the sliding mechanism, and the other end is used for locking and releasing the clamped object.

与现有技术相比,本发明提供的一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置,根据形状记忆合金在不同温度下会发生形变的原理,利用温控电路来控制形状记忆合金丝的温度高低,从而控制其发生形变的大小。由于温控电路的位置固定,形状记忆合金丝的一端连接温控电路,另一端连接滑动机构,并且复位机构的一端固定,另一端也连接滑动机构,因此,通过控制形状记忆合金丝的温度即可控制形状记忆合金丝对滑动机构的牵引力的大小,同时配合复位机构对滑动机构施加的反向作用力,可使滑动机构在一条直线上做往复运动。又由于锁紧释放机构与滑动机构通过铰接的方式连接,因此滑动机构的直线往复运动可驱动锁紧释放机构张合。当需要锁紧被夹持物时,通过温控电路控制形状记忆合金丝的温度降低,使原本收缩的形状记忆合金丝伸展,使其对滑动模块施加的牵引力减小,小于复位机构对滑动机构施加的反作用力,此时,滑动机构朝靠近复位机构的方向滑动,驱动锁紧释放机构收紧,从而夹紧被夹持物。相反,当需要释放被夹持物时,通过温控电路控制形状记忆合金丝的温度升高,使形状记忆合金丝收缩,使其对滑动模块施加的牵引力增大,大于复位机构对滑动机构施加的反作用力,此时,滑动机构朝远离复位机构的方向滑动,驱动锁紧释放机构张开,从而释放被夹持物。因此,本发明提供的一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置无需使用爆破手段即可实现对被夹持物的锁紧和释放;并且由于无需爆破,本发明对卫星姿态控制和精密光电设备的影响较小,也可实现装置重复利用。Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a shape memory alloy-driven locking release device, which uses a temperature control circuit to control the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire according to the principle that the shape memory alloy will deform at different temperatures. height, so as to control the size of its deformation. Since the position of the temperature control circuit is fixed, one end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the temperature control circuit, the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism, and one end of the reset mechanism is fixed, and the other end is also connected to the sliding mechanism. Therefore, by controlling the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire, the The traction force of the shape memory alloy wire on the sliding mechanism can be controlled, and at the same time, the reverse force exerted by the reset mechanism on the sliding mechanism can be matched to make the sliding mechanism reciprocate on a straight line. Since the locking release mechanism and the sliding mechanism are connected in a hinged manner, the linear reciprocating motion of the sliding mechanism can drive the locking and releasing mechanism to open and close. When the object to be clamped needs to be locked, the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire is controlled by the temperature control circuit to decrease, so that the originally contracted shape memory alloy wire is stretched, so that the traction force exerted on the sliding module is reduced, which is smaller than that exerted by the reset mechanism on the sliding mechanism. At this time, the sliding mechanism slides toward the direction close to the reset mechanism, and the locking and releasing mechanism is driven to tighten, thereby clamping the object to be clamped. On the contrary, when the clamped object needs to be released, the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire is controlled by the temperature control circuit to increase, so that the shape memory alloy wire shrinks, so that the traction force applied to the sliding module increases, which is greater than the reset mechanism to the sliding mechanism. The reaction force, at this time, the sliding mechanism slides in the direction away from the reset mechanism, and drives the locking and releasing mechanism to open, thereby releasing the clamped object. Therefore, the locking and releasing device based on the shape memory alloy drive provided by the present invention can realize the locking and releasing of the clamped object without using blasting means; and because no blasting is required, the present invention is suitable for satellite attitude control and precision optoelectronic equipment. The impact is small, and the device can also be reused.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,所述滑动机构包括:绕丝销轴和滑块,所述绕丝销轴固定在所述滑块上;所述形状记忆合金丝的一端连接所述温控电路的正极,另一端绕过所述绕丝销轴后连接所述温控电路的负极;所述滑块位于条形滑轨内。As a further description of the present invention, the sliding mechanism includes: a wire winding pin shaft and a slider, the wire winding pin shaft is fixed on the slider; one end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the temperature control circuit The positive pole is connected to the negative pole of the temperature control circuit after the other end bypasses the winding pin shaft; the slider is located in the bar-shaped slide rail.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,该装置包括多个所述锁紧释放机构。当多个锁紧释放机构收紧时,可增强对被夹持物的锁紧效果。并且,多个所述锁紧释放机构与所述滑动机构的多个铰接点在所述滑动机构的外表面上等间隔分布,使被夹持物在被锁紧状态下受力均匀。As a further description of the present invention, the device includes a plurality of said lock release mechanisms. When the multiple locking release mechanisms are tightened, the locking effect on the clamped object can be enhanced. In addition, the plurality of hinge points of the locking release mechanism and the sliding mechanism are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism, so that the clamped object is evenly stressed in the locked state.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,所述锁紧释放机构包括:导杆、套管和铰接件;所述导杆包括:铰接端和锁紧释放端;所述导杆的铰接端穿过所述套管后铰接在所述滑动机构上;所述铰接件用于将所述套管铰接在一固定支点上。As a further description of the present invention, the lock release mechanism includes: a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; the guide rod includes: a hinge end and a lock release end; the hinge end of the guide rod passes through the sleeve The pipe is hinged on the sliding mechanism; the hinge is used to hinge the sleeve on a fixed fulcrum.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,所述绕丝销轴采用绝缘材料,可防止漏电。As a further description of the present invention, the wire winding pin is made of insulating material, which can prevent electric leakage.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,所述复位机构为复位弹簧或橡皮条。As a further description of the present invention, the reset mechanism is a reset spring or a rubber strip.

另一方面,本发明提供一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置的制作方法,包括以下步骤:On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a lock release device driven by shape memory alloy, comprising the following steps:

S1:选择温控电路,将所述温控电路的位置固定;S1: select a temperature control circuit, and fix the position of the temperature control circuit;

S2:选择形状记忆合金丝和滑动机构,利用所述形状记忆合金丝连接所述温控电路和所述滑动机构;S2: select a shape memory alloy wire and a sliding mechanism, and use the shape memory alloy wire to connect the temperature control circuit and the sliding mechanism;

S3:选择复位机构,将所述复位机构的一端固定,将另一端连接在所述滑动机构上,使所述滑动机构在所述温控电路、所述记忆金属合金丝和所述复位机构的共同作用下能够保持在一条直线上运动;S3: Select a reset mechanism, fix one end of the reset mechanism, and connect the other end to the sliding mechanism, so that the sliding mechanism is located between the temperature control circuit, the memory metal alloy wire and the reset mechanism. Under the joint action, it can keep moving in a straight line;

S4:制作锁紧释放机构,将所述锁紧释放机构的一端铰接在所述滑动机构上。S4: Manufacture a locking and releasing mechanism, and hinge one end of the locking and releasing mechanism on the sliding mechanism.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,所述S2具体为:将所述形状记忆合金丝的一端连接所述温控电路的正极,将另一端绕过所述滑动机构后连接所述温控电路的负极。As a further description of the present invention, the S2 is specifically: connecting one end of the shape memory alloy wire to the positive electrode of the temperature control circuit, and connecting the other end to the negative electrode of the temperature control circuit after bypassing the sliding mechanism.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,所述制作锁紧释放机构的方法为:选择一根导杆、一个套管和一个铰接件;将所述套管通过所述铰接件铰接在一固定点上;将所述导杆的一端穿过所述套管后铰接在所述滑动机构上,将所述导杆的另一端弯折形成多个倒拐,用于锁紧释放被夹持物。As a further description of the present invention, the method for making a locking release mechanism is as follows: selecting a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; articulating the sleeve on a fixed point through the hinge; One end of the guide rod passes through the sleeve and is hinged on the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the guide rod is bent to form a plurality of inversions for locking and releasing the clamped object.

作为对本发明的进一步描述,该方法还包括以下步骤:将多个锁紧释放机构铰接在所述滑动机构上,使多个所述锁紧释放机构与所述滑动机构的多个铰接点在所述滑动机构的外表面上等间隔分布。As a further description of the present invention, the method further includes the steps of: hingedly connecting a plurality of locking release mechanisms to the sliding mechanism, so that the plurality of hinged points of the locking releasing mechanisms and the sliding mechanism are located at the same location. The outer surface of the sliding mechanism is equally spaced.

本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的优点和有益效果:本发明实施例提供的一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置及制作方法,无需使用爆破手段即可实现对被夹持物的锁紧和释放功能,可避免因爆破产生的巨大冲击力和火药粉尘对卫星姿态控制、精密光电设备和光纤系统造成影响,也可实现装置重复利用。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The embodiment of the present invention provides a shape memory alloy-driven locking and releasing device and a manufacturing method, which can realize the clamped object without the use of blasting means. The locking and releasing function of the device can avoid the impact of the huge impact force and gunpowder dust caused by blasting on the satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and optical fiber system, and can also realize the reuse of the device.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明示例性实施方式的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, Therefore, it should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

图1为本发明实施例1提供的一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置在锁紧状态下的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shape memory alloy-driven locking release device in a locked state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例1提供的一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置在释放状态下的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock release device driven by a shape memory alloy provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a released state.

附图中标记及对应的零部件名称:The marks in the attached drawings and the corresponding parts names:

1-锁紧释放机构,2-温控电路,3-形状记忆合金丝,4-滑动机构,5-复位机构,6-被夹持物,11-导杆,12-套管,13-铰接件,41-绕丝销轴,42-滑块。1-Lock release mechanism, 2-Temperature control circuit, 3-Shape memory alloy wire, 4-Sliding mechanism, 5-Reset mechanism, 6-Clamped object, 11-Guide rod, 12-Sleeve, 13-Hinged piece , 41-winding pin shaft, 42-slider.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施例和附图,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明,并不作为对本发明的限定。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. as a limitation of the present invention.

在以下描述中,为了提供对本发明的透彻理解阐述了大量特定细节。然而,对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是:不必采用这些特定细节来实行本发明。在其他实施例中,为了避免混淆本发明,未具体描述公知的结构、电路、材料或方法。In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

在整个说明书中,对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”的提及意味着:结合该实施例或示例描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包含在本发明至少一个实施例中。因此,在整个说明书的各个地方出现的短语“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”不一定都指同一实施例或示例。此外,可以以任何适当的组合和、或子组合将特定的特征、结构或特性组合在一个或多个实施例或示例中。此外,本领域普通技术人员应当理解,在此提供的示图都是为了说明的目的,并且示图不一定是按比例绘制的。这里使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列出的项目的任何和所有组合。Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the present invention in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or subcombination in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

在本发明的描述中,术语“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”、“竖直”、“水平”、“高”、“低”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by ", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific Orientation, construction and operation in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

由于传统的锁紧释放机构1为火工品拔销器,通过火工品的爆炸来剪断锁紧销,从而实现解锁。但火工品爆炸时冲击力较大,对卫星姿态控制和精密光电设备存在不利影响;并且,爆炸时的火药粉末会污染光纤系统;此外,火工品拔销器属于一次性装置,无法重复利用。Since the traditional locking and releasing mechanism 1 is a pyrotechnic pin puller, the locking pin is cut off by the explosion of the pyrotechnic substance, thereby realizing unlocking. However, when the explosives explode, the impact force is relatively large, which adversely affects satellite attitude control and precision optoelectronic equipment; moreover, the explosive powder during the explosion will contaminate the optical fiber system; in addition, the pyrotechnic pin puller is a one-time device and cannot be repeated. use.

针对传统的锁紧释放装置存在的上述不足,本实施例提供了一种如图1所示的基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置,包括:锁紧释放机构1、温控电路2、形状记忆合金丝3、滑动机构4和复位机构5;所述温控电路2的位置固定;所述形状记忆合金丝3的一端连接所述温控电路2,另一端连接所述滑动机构4;所述复位机构5的一端固定,另一端连接所述滑动机构4;所述滑动机构4在所述温控电路2、所述形状记忆合金丝3和所述复位机构5的作用下在一条直线上做往复运动;所述锁紧释放机构1的一端与所述滑动机构4铰接,另一端用于锁紧释放被夹持物6。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the traditional locking and releasing device, the present embodiment provides a locking and releasing device driven by a shape memory alloy as shown in FIG. Memory alloy wire 3, sliding mechanism 4 and reset mechanism 5; the position of the temperature control circuit 2 is fixed; one end of the shape memory alloy wire 3 is connected to the temperature control circuit 2, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism 4; One end of the reset mechanism 5 is fixed, and the other end is connected to the sliding mechanism 4; the sliding mechanism 4 is in a straight line under the action of the temperature control circuit 2, the shape memory alloy wire 3 and the reset mechanism 5 Do reciprocating motion; one end of the locking and releasing mechanism 1 is hinged with the sliding mechanism 4 , and the other end is used for locking and releasing the object 6 to be clamped.

其中,in,

滑动机构4包括:绕丝销轴41和滑块42,所述绕丝销轴41固定在所述滑块42上;所述形状记忆合金丝3的一端连接所述温控电路2的正极,另一端绕过所述绕丝销轴41后连接所述温控电路2的负极;所述滑块42位于条形滑轨内。The sliding mechanism 4 includes: a wire winding pin shaft 41 and a slider 42, the wire winding pin shaft 41 is fixed on the slider 42; one end of the shape memory alloy wire 3 is connected to the positive electrode of the temperature control circuit 2, The other end bypasses the wire winding pin shaft 41 and then connects to the negative pole of the temperature control circuit 2; the slider 42 is located in the bar-shaped slide rail.

锁紧释放机构1包括:导杆11、套管12和铰接件13;所述导杆11包括:铰接端和锁紧释放端;所述导杆11的铰接端穿过所述套管12后铰接在所述滑动机构4上;所述铰接件13用于将所述套管12铰接在一固定支点上。The locking release mechanism 1 includes: a guide rod 11 , a sleeve 12 and a hinge 13 ; the guide rod 11 includes a hinge end and a lock release end; after the hinge end of the guide rod 11 passes through the sleeve 12 It is hinged on the sliding mechanism 4; the hinge piece 13 is used to hinge the sleeve 12 on a fixed fulcrum.

为增强该锁紧释放装置在锁紧状态时对被夹持物6的夹持效果,本实施例设置了多个所述锁紧释放机构1,并且,多个所述锁紧释放机构1与所述滑动机构4的多个铰接点在所述滑动机构4的外表面上等间隔分布,可使被夹持物6在被锁紧状态下受力均匀。In order to enhance the clamping effect of the locking release device on the object to be clamped 6 in the locked state, a plurality of the locking and releasing mechanisms 1 are provided in this embodiment, and the plurality of the locking and releasing mechanisms 1 and the The plurality of hinge points of the sliding mechanism 4 are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism 4, so that the clamped object 6 can be uniformly stressed in the locked state.

进一步的,为确保装置上的使用安全,本实施例所述的绕丝销轴41采用绝缘材料,其目的是防止漏电。Further, in order to ensure the safety of use on the device, the wire winding pin shaft 41 described in this embodiment adopts an insulating material, the purpose of which is to prevent electric leakage.

本实施例针对复位机构5还提供了具体的选择方式,例如,可选择复位弹簧或橡皮条作为复位机构5。This embodiment also provides a specific selection method for the reset mechanism 5 , for example, a reset spring or a rubber strip can be selected as the reset mechanism 5 .

为了对上述基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置做出更清楚地解释,本实施例以被夹持物6为二维跟踪转台、复位机构5为复位弹簧、滑动机构4为滑块42,锁紧释放机构1为2个为例,对锁紧释放装置的工作原理做进一步说明如下:In order to explain more clearly the above-mentioned locking and releasing device driven by shape memory alloy, in this embodiment, the clamped object 6 is a two-dimensional tracking turntable, the reset mechanism 5 is a reset spring, the sliding mechanism 4 is a slider 42, and the lock Taking two tight release mechanisms 1 as an example, the working principle of the locking release device is further explained as follows:

图1为锁紧释放装置处于锁紧状态下的结构示意图。在初始锁紧状态下,形状记忆合金丝3被拉伸至发生塑性形变,复位弹簧也处于被拉伸状态。当需要释放二维跟踪转台时,温控电路2连通,形状记忆合金丝3因其较大的电阻在电流流过时迅速发热,形状记忆合金丝3收缩拉动滑块42。同时,滑块42带动导杆11运动,两根导杆11之间的夹角变大,实现对被夹持物6的解锁释放功能。图2为锁紧释放装置处于释放状态下的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking release device in a locked state. In the initial locking state, the shape memory alloy wire 3 is stretched until plastic deformation occurs, and the return spring is also stretched. When the two-dimensional tracking turntable needs to be released, the temperature control circuit 2 is connected, the shape memory alloy wire 3 rapidly heats up when the current flows due to its large resistance, and the shape memory alloy wire 3 shrinks and pulls the slider 42 . At the same time, the slider 42 drives the guide rods 11 to move, and the angle between the two guide rods 11 becomes larger, thereby realizing the unlocking and releasing function of the clamped object 6 . FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking release device in a released state.

此处,需进一步对锁紧释放机构做进一步说明,由于锁紧释放机构1由一根导杆11、一个套筒和一个铰接件13组成,套筒通过铰接件13铰接在一固定支点上,导杆11的一端穿过套筒与滑块42铰接。由于套筒相对于固定支点的位置不变,但套筒能够以铰接件13与固定支点的铰接点为中心转动;又因为导杆11穿过套筒,可在套筒内沿长度方向上滑动,且导杆11一端与滑块42的连接方式为铰接,因此当滑块42朝着原理复位弹簧的方向滑动时,滑块42可通过同时推动两根导杆11的一端使两根导杆11之间的夹角变大,从而使两根导杆11另一端点之前的距离增大,实现释放二维跟踪转台的功能。Here, the lock release mechanism needs to be further explained. Since the lock release mechanism 1 is composed of a guide rod 11, a sleeve and a hinge 13, the sleeve is hinged on a fixed fulcrum through the hinge 13, One end of the guide rod 11 is hinged with the slider 42 through the sleeve. Since the position of the sleeve relative to the fixed fulcrum remains unchanged, the sleeve can rotate around the hinge point between the hinge 13 and the fixed fulcrum; and because the guide rod 11 passes through the sleeve, it can slide in the length direction in the sleeve , and the connection between one end of the guide rod 11 and the slider 42 is hinged, so when the slider 42 slides in the direction of the principle return spring, the slider 42 can push the two guide rods 11 at the same time. The included angle between 11 becomes larger, so that the distance before the other end point of the two guide rods 11 increases, and the function of releasing the two-dimensional tracking turntable is realized.

形状记忆合金丝3收缩拉动滑块42的同时,进一步拉长了复位弹簧。当温控电路2断开后,形状记忆合金丝3冷却,复位弹簧的回复力拉动滑块42,带动导杆11运动,使两根导杆11之间的夹角变小,实现重新锁紧二维跟踪转台。When the shape memory alloy wire 3 shrinks and pulls the slider 42, the return spring is further elongated. When the temperature control circuit 2 is disconnected, the shape memory alloy wire 3 cools down, and the restoring force of the return spring pulls the slider 42 to drive the guide rods 11 to move, so that the angle between the two guide rods 11 becomes smaller and the re-locking is realized. 2D tracking turntable.

需进一步说明的是,本实施例所述的复位弹簧的长度、刚度,形状记忆金属丝的长度、直径,温控电路2的电流,以及导杆11的尺寸等参数,需根据二维跟踪转台的尺寸和二维跟踪转台被锁紧时需要的夹持力的大小来具体计算。其中,关于形状记忆合金丝3的各参数需反复试验后确定,从而保证其收缩形变量趋于稳定,确保锁紧释放机构1的可靠性。It should be further explained that the length and stiffness of the return spring in this embodiment, the length and diameter of the shape memory wire, the current of the temperature control circuit 2 , and the size of the guide rod 11 and other parameters need to be tracked according to the two-dimensional tracking of the turntable. The size of the two-dimensional tracking turntable and the size of the clamping force required when the two-dimensional tracking turntable is locked are calculated specifically. Among them, the parameters of the shape memory alloy wire 3 need to be determined after repeated tests, so as to ensure that the shrinkage deformation amount tends to be stable, and the reliability of the locking and releasing mechanism 1 is ensured.

本发明与现有技术相比,本实施例提供的一种基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置及制作方法,无需使用爆破手段即可实现对被夹持物6的锁紧和释放功能,可避免因爆破产生的巨大冲击力和火药粉尘对卫星姿态控制、精密光电设备和光纤系统造成影响,也可实现装置重复利用。Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a shape memory alloy-driven locking and releasing device and a manufacturing method, which can realize the locking and releasing functions of the clamped object 6 without the use of blasting means, and can Avoid the huge impact force and gunpowder dust caused by blasting on satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and optical fiber systems, and can also achieve device reuse.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例提供一种制作实施例1所述的基于形状记忆合金驱动的锁紧释放装置的方法,包括以下步骤:This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing the shape memory alloy-driven locking release device described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

S1:选择温控电路,将所述温控电路的位置固定;S1: select a temperature control circuit, and fix the position of the temperature control circuit;

S2:选择形状记忆合金丝和滑动机构,利用所述形状记忆合金丝连接所述温控电路和所述滑动机构;S2: select a shape memory alloy wire and a sliding mechanism, and use the shape memory alloy wire to connect the temperature control circuit and the sliding mechanism;

S3:选择复位机构,将所述复位机构的一端固定,将另一端连接在所述滑动机构上,使所述滑动机构在所述温控电路、所述记忆金属合金丝和所述复位机构的共同作用下能够保持在一条直线上运动;S3: Select a reset mechanism, fix one end of the reset mechanism, and connect the other end to the sliding mechanism, so that the sliding mechanism is located between the temperature control circuit, the memory metal alloy wire and the reset mechanism. Under the joint action, it can keep moving in a straight line;

S4:制作锁紧释放机构,将所述锁紧释放机构的一端铰接在所述滑动机构上。S4: Manufacture a locking and releasing mechanism, and hinge one end of the locking and releasing mechanism on the sliding mechanism.

其中,in,

S2具体为:将所述形状记忆合金丝的一端连接所述温控电路的正极,将另一端绕过所述滑动机构后连接所述温控电路的负极。S2 is specifically: connecting one end of the shape memory alloy wire to the positive electrode of the temperature control circuit, and connecting the other end to the negative electrode of the temperature control circuit after bypassing the sliding mechanism.

S4中,制作锁紧释放机构的方法为:选择一根导杆、一个套管和一个铰接件;将所述套管通过所述铰接件铰接在一固定点上;将所述导杆的一端穿过所述套管后铰接在所述滑动机构上,将所述导杆的另一端弯折形成多个倒拐,用于锁紧释放被夹持物。In S4, the method of making the locking release mechanism is as follows: selecting a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; hinge the sleeve to a fixed point through the hinge; connect one end of the guide rod After passing through the sleeve, it is hinged on the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the guide rod is bent to form a plurality of inverted turns for locking and releasing the clamped object.

此外,为了增强该锁紧释放装置在锁紧状态时对被夹持物的夹持效果,本实施例将多个锁紧释放机构铰接在所述滑动机构上,并且使多个所述锁紧释放机构与所述滑动机构的多个铰接点在所述滑动机构的外表面上等间隔分布,目的是使被夹持物在被锁紧状态下受力均匀。In addition, in order to enhance the clamping effect of the lock release device on the object to be clamped in the locked state, in this embodiment, a plurality of lock release mechanisms are hinged on the sliding mechanism, and a plurality of the lock release mechanisms are released. The multiple hinge points of the mechanism and the sliding mechanism are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism, in order to make the clamped object receive uniform force in the locked state.

通过上述方法制作的锁紧释放装置可实现无需使用爆破手段即可实现对被夹持物的锁紧和释放功能,从而避免因爆破产生的巨大冲击力和火药粉尘对卫星姿态控制、精密光电设备和光纤系统造成影响,也可实现装置重复利用。The locking and releasing device made by the above method can realize the locking and releasing functions of the clamped object without using blasting means, thereby avoiding the huge impact force generated by blasting and gunpowder dust on satellite attitude control, precision optoelectronic equipment and The fiber optic system has an impact, and the device can also be reused.

以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device, comprising: the locking and releasing mechanism (1), the temperature control circuit (2), the shape memory alloy wire (3), the sliding mechanism (4) and the reset mechanism (5); the position of the temperature control circuit (2) is fixed; one end of the shape memory alloy wire (3) is connected with the temperature control circuit (2), and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire is connected with the sliding mechanism (4); one end of the reset mechanism (5) is fixed, and the other end of the reset mechanism is connected with the sliding mechanism (4); the sliding mechanism (4) reciprocates on a straight line under the action of the temperature control circuit (2), the shape memory alloy wire (3) and the reset mechanism (4); one end of the locking and releasing mechanism (1) is hinged with the sliding mechanism (4), and the other end is used for locking and releasing the clamped object (6).
2. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1, wherein the sliding mechanism (4) comprises: the winding device comprises a winding pin shaft (41) and a sliding block (42), wherein the winding pin shaft (41) is fixed on the sliding block (42); one end of the shape memory alloy wire (3) is connected with the anode of the temperature control circuit (2), and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire bypasses the wire winding pin shaft (41) and then is connected with the cathode of the temperature control circuit (2); the sliding block (42) is positioned in the strip-shaped sliding rail.
3. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a plurality of said lock release mechanisms (1); a plurality of hinge points of the locking and releasing mechanisms (1) and the sliding mechanism (4) are distributed on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism (4) at equal intervals.
4. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the lock release mechanism (1) comprises: a guide rod (11), a sleeve (12) and a hinge (13); the guide bar (11) includes: a hinged end and a lock release end; the hinged end of the guide rod (11) is hinged on the sliding mechanism after penetrating through the sleeve (12); the hinge (13) is used for hinging the sleeve (12) on a fixed fulcrum.
5. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wire winding pin (41) is made of an insulating material.
6. A shape memory alloy actuation based lock release device according to claim 1, characterized in that the return mechanism (5) is a return spring or a rubber band.
7. A manufacturing method of a locking and releasing device based on shape memory alloy driving is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a temperature control circuit, and fixing the position of the temperature control circuit;
s2: selecting a shape memory alloy wire and a sliding mechanism, and connecting the temperature control circuit and the sliding mechanism by using the shape memory alloy wire;
s3: selecting a reset mechanism, fixing one end of the reset mechanism, and connecting the other end of the reset mechanism to the sliding mechanism, so that the sliding mechanism can keep moving on a straight line under the combined action of the temperature control circuit, the memory metal alloy wire and the reset mechanism;
s4: and manufacturing a locking and releasing mechanism, and hinging one end of the locking and releasing mechanism on the sliding mechanism.
8. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the S2 is specifically: and connecting one end of the shape memory alloy wire with the anode of the temperature control circuit, and connecting the other end of the shape memory alloy wire with the cathode of the temperature control circuit after bypassing the sliding mechanism.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the method of manufacturing the lock-release mechanism is: selecting a guide rod, a sleeve and a hinge; the sleeve is hinged on a fixed point through the hinged piece; one end of the guide rod penetrates through the sleeve and then is hinged to the sliding mechanism, and the other end of the guide rod is bent to form a plurality of reverse turns for locking and releasing a clamped object.
10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7 or 8, comprising the steps of: and hinging a plurality of locking and releasing mechanisms on the sliding mechanism, so that a plurality of hinging points of the locking and releasing mechanisms and the sliding mechanism are distributed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the sliding mechanism.
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Application publication date: 20220201