CN113997964B - Train drag increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator - Google Patents
Train drag increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113997964B CN113997964B CN202111432133.2A CN202111432133A CN113997964B CN 113997964 B CN113997964 B CN 113997964B CN 202111432133 A CN202111432133 A CN 202111432133A CN 113997964 B CN113997964 B CN 113997964B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/02—Construction details of vehicle bodies reducing air resistance by modifying contour ; Constructional features for fast vehicles sustaining sudden variations of atmospheric pressure, e.g. when crossing in tunnels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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Abstract
The invention provides a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator, which comprises: the vortex generators are arranged on the two sides of the train symmetrically, the vortex generators are arranged on the head train and the tail train respectively, the vortex generators are perpendicular to the train streamline area train shell, each vortex generator is provided with a sliding control mechanism, each vortex generator is arranged at the train streamline area train shell in a rising or contracting mode through the corresponding sliding control mechanism, and each vortex generator is provided with a rotating mechanism used for adjusting the angle between the corresponding vortex generator and the train center line. The invention can realize the control of the tail car resistance from the aspect of the control of the tail vortex by a method of weakening or enhancing the strength of the tail vortex, and simultaneously, the vortex generator arranged on the head car can break the streamline form of the train and increase the resistance of the head car, thereby realizing the increase and resistance reduction cooperative control of the whole train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed trains, in particular to a train drag increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator.
Background
With the increase of the speed of the train, some aerodynamic problems of the train during high-speed operation are also highlighted. For example, the aerodynamic drag of a train, the magnitude of which is proportional to the square of the train's speed of travel. With the increasing running speed of trains, the proportion of the aerodynamic resistance in the power required for driving the trains to move forward is increasing, so that it is necessary to research how to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the trains so as to reduce the energy consumption of the trains. The existing train drag reduction technical scheme mainly smoothly spreads around the surface of a train, such as a lengthened head train streamline form, a sunken pantograph and the like, but the effect brought by the drag reduction scheme gradually approaches to saturation.
On the other hand, when the running speed of the train reaches 400km/h, the braking distance is increased, the energy consumption required by braking is increased, and the development of an auxiliary braking mode is urgently needed. The existing auxiliary braking modes such as a wind resistance braking plate and the like are difficult to accurately control resistance, the instantaneous resistance increase is too large, a human body is easy to generate uncomfortable feeling, the braking plate is easy to exceed the limit of a vehicle, and the overhaul and maintenance work of equipment is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator, and aims to provide a train resistance increasing and decreasing device which can realize resistance reduction when a train runs and can realize resistance increase when the train brakes.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator, including:
the vortex generators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the train and are respectively arranged on a head train and a tail train of the train, the vortex generators are perpendicular to the train streamline area train shell and are provided with sliding control mechanisms, the vortex generators are arranged at the train streamline area train shell in a rising or contracting mode through the sliding control mechanisms, and the vortex generators are provided with rotating mechanisms which are used for adjusting angles between the vortex generators and the middle lines of the train.
The train head train and the train tail train are provided with four vortex generators.
When the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generators is in a resistance reducing state, the vortex generators of the train head car are contracted and arranged in the train streamline type regional car shell; the vortex generator of the train tail car is arranged outside the train streamline area car shell in a lifting mode, and the included angle between the vortex generator of the train tail car and the center line of the train is 50 degrees.
When the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generators is in a resistance increasing state, the vortex generators of the train head car are lifted and arranged outside a train streamline area car shell, the included angles between the two vortex generators positioned in front of the train head car and the center line of the train are-90 degrees, and the included angles between the two vortex generators positioned behind the train head car and the center line of the train are 90 degrees; the vortex generator of the train tail car is arranged outside the train streamline area car shell in a lifting mode, and the included angle between the vortex generator of the train tail car and the center line of the train is-50 degrees.
Wherein, the vortex generator is a triangular structure or a trapezoidal plate-shaped structure.
The vortex generator is of a right-angle trapezoid plate-shaped structure, the maximum length of the bottom edge of the vortex generator is 0.65m, the maximum height of the vortex generator is 0.4m, and the acute angle of the vortex generator is 35 degrees.
The shell of the streamline area of the train is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the vortex generators are arranged in the grooves in a sliding manner.
Wherein the slide control mechanism includes: the control device comprises a control device lower support, a spoiler support, an electric motor, a ball screw and a control device upper support, wherein the control device upper support is arranged on the inner side of the train streamline type regional car shell, the control device lower support is fixedly arranged in the train streamline type regional car shell, two ends of the control device lower support are perpendicular to the train streamline type regional car shell and are outwards provided with guide rails, the guide rails are connected to the control device upper support, two ends of the spoiler support are slidably arranged on the two guide rails through linear bearings, a vortex generator is arranged on the spoiler support, the electric motor is arranged on the control device lower support, the electric motor is connected with the ball screw through a coupler, and the ball screw is in transmission connection with the spoiler support through a ball nut.
The vortex generator is installed on the spoiler support through the rotating motor, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected with the vortex generator through a coupler.
Wherein, the groove is movably provided with a rubber sealing strip.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention breaks through the traditional method for realizing pneumatic drag reduction of the train and drag increase of the wind resistance brake plate by shape smoothing, and provides a method for weakening or enhancing the strength of the wake vortex and realizing the control of the tail-car resistance from the aspect of wake vortex control. The vortex generator can break the streamline of the train when the train is started, increase the resistance of the train, and realize the cooperative control of increasing and decreasing the resistance of the whole train.
2. The invention can control the resistance accurately by controlling the angle of the vortex generator, so that the resistance is slowly reduced or increased, and the comfort of the train is improved.
3. The invention realizes the functions of resistance reduction and resistance increase simultaneously through the vortex generator, reduces maintenance work and conforms to the vehicle clearance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a train tail car structure during the drag reduction operation of the vortex generator-based train drag reduction device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a trailing car of the present invention during drag reduction operation of a vortex-generator based drag reduction and augmentation apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a train tail car structure during resistance-increasing operation of the vortex generator-based train drag-increasing and reducing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a trailing car of a train in drag increasing operation of the vortex-generator based drag and drag increasing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a train head train structure during the resistance-increasing operation of the vortex-generator-based train resistance-increasing and reducing device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the train head during the drag-increasing operation of the vortex-generator-based drag-increasing and reducing device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a vortex generator structure of the train drag and drag increasing device based on the vortex generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sliding control mechanism and a rotating mechanism of the vortex-generator-based drag and drag increasing device for a train of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a sliding control mechanism and a rotating mechanism of the vortex generator-based train drag and drag increasing device of the invention.
[ description of reference ]
1-a vortex generator; 2-train head; 3-train tail; 4-train streamline area shell; 5-groove; 6-controlling the lower support of the device; 7-spoiler support; 8-an electric motor; 9-ball screw; 10-controlling the upper support of the device; 11-a guide rail; 12-rotating electrical machines.
Detailed Description
To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator, aiming at the problem that the existing mode is difficult to accurately control the resistance of a train in operation.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator, including: the vortex generator 1 is provided with an even number of vortex generators 1, the even number of vortex generators 1 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a train, the vortex generators 1 are respectively arranged on a head train 2 and a tail train 3, the vortex generators 1 are perpendicular to a train streamline area train shell 4, the vortex generators 1 are provided with a sliding control mechanism, the vortex generators 1 are arranged at the train streamline area train shell 4 in a rising or contracting mode through the sliding control mechanism, the vortex generators 1 are provided with a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is used for adjusting the angle between the vortex generators 1 and the train middle lines.
According to the train drag and drag increasing device based on the vortex generator, the sliding control mechanism is used for controlling the rising or the shrinking of the vortex generator 1, so that the vortex generator 1 is made to interact with air when needed, and the rotating angle of the vortex generator 1 is controlled through the rotating mechanism, so that the contact area of the vortex generator 1 and the air is adjusted, and the air flowing direction is controlled.
The train head car 2 and the train tail car 3 are provided with four vortex generators 1.
As shown in fig. 2, when the train drag-increasing and-reducing device based on the vortex generator is in a drag reduction state, the vortex generator 1 of the train head car 2 is contracted and arranged in the train streamline area car shell 4; the vortex generator 1 of the train tail car 3 is arranged outside the train streamline type regional car shell 4 in a lifting mode, and the included angle between the vortex generator 1 of the train tail car 3 and the center line of the train is 50 degrees.
When the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generators is in a resistance increasing state, the vortex generators 1 of the train head car 2 are lifted and arranged outside a train shell 4 in a train streamline area, the included angles between the two vortex generators 1 positioned in front of the train head car 2 and a train center line are-90 degrees, and the included angles between the two vortex generators 1 positioned behind the train head car 2 and the train center line are 90 degrees; the vortex generator 1 of the train tail car 3 is arranged outside the train streamline type regional car shell 4 in a lifting mode, and the included angle between the vortex generator 1 of the train tail car 3 and the center line of the train is-50 degrees.
According to the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generators, when a train works for drag reduction, the vortex generator 1 of the head train 2 is in a non-rising state, the vortex generator of the tail train 3 of the train rises, and the included angle between the vortex generator and the center line of the train is increased from 0 degree to 50 degrees, so that the maximum drag reduction effect of the pneumatic resistance of the tail train is realized by 4 percent, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. When the resistance of the train is increased and braked, the vortex generator 1 of the tail car 3 of the train is in a rising state, and rotates to a degree of minus 50 degrees, so that the pneumatic resistance increase of the tail car 3 of the train is realized by 6 percent, as shown in figures 3 and 4; meanwhile, the vortex generators 1 of the train head car 2 rise, the vortex generators 1 in the rear rotate to a, which is 90 degrees, and the vortex generators in the front rotate to-90 degrees, so that pneumatic resistance increase of the train head car 2 is realized by 19%, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.
As shown in fig. 7, the vortex generator 1 has a triangular structure or a trapezoidal plate structure.
The vortex generator 1 is of a right-angle trapezoid plate-shaped structure, the maximum length of the bottom edge of the vortex generator 1 is 0.65m, the maximum height of the vortex generator 1 is 0.4m, and the acute angle of the vortex generator 1 is 35 degrees.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the train streamline area train shell 4 is provided with a plurality of grooves 5, and the vortex generator 1 is slidably disposed in the grooves 5.
Wherein the slide control mechanism includes: the control device comprises a control device lower support 6, a spoiler support 7, an electric motor 8, a ball screw 9 and a control device upper support 10, wherein the control device upper support 10 is arranged on the inner side of a train streamline area shell 4, the control device lower support 6 is fixedly arranged in the train streamline area shell 4, two ends of the control device lower support 6 are perpendicular to the train streamline area shell 4 and are outwards provided with guide rails 11, the guide rails 11 are connected to the control device upper support 10, two ends of the spoiler support 7 are slidably arranged on the two guide rails 11 through linear bearings, the vortex generator 1 is arranged on the spoiler support 7, the electric motor 8 is arranged on the control device lower support 6, the electric motor 8 is connected with the ball screw 9 through a coupler, and the ball screw 9 is in transmission connection with the spoiler support 7 through a ball nut.
The rotary mechanism is provided with a rotary motor 12, the rotary motor 12 is fixedly arranged on the spoiler support 7, the vortex generator 1 is arranged on the spoiler support 7 through the rotary motor 12, and a rotating shaft of the rotary motor 12 is connected with the vortex generator 1 through a coupler.
Wherein, a rubber sealing strip is movably arranged at the groove 5.
According to the pneumatic drag reduction device based on the control of the tail vortex of the train, when the vortex generator 1 needs to extend and expand, the electric motor 8 drives the ball screw 9 to rotate, the ball nut drives the spoiler support 7 and the vortex generator 1 to move upwards along the guide rail 11, the vortex generator 1 jacks a rubber sealing strip to extend out from the groove 5 in the shell 4 of the streamline area at the end part of the train, the electric motor 8 stops after the specified position is reached, the ball nut is self-locked, the spoiler support 7 and the vortex generator 1 are locked at the position, and the vortex generator 1 can be driven to rotate through the rotating motor 12. When the vortex generator 1 needs to be retracted after being unfolded, the rotating motor 12 can drive the vortex generator 1 to rotate until the vortex generator 1 is flush with the groove 5, the electric motor 8 drives the ball screw 9 to rotate reversely, the ball nut drives the spoiler support 7 and the vortex generator 1 to move downwards along the guide rail 11, the rubber sealing strip automatically resets after the vortex generator 1 is retracted out of the groove 5, the electric motor 8 stops after being retracted completely, the ball nut is self-locked, and the spoiler support 7 and the vortex generator 1 are locked.
When the train runs at high speed, ambient air moves along the surface of the train body, flow separation is generated at the tail of the train, and a pair of inward rotating vortexes are formed. The train tail vortex is one of main sources of aerodynamic resistance of the train, and during drag reduction operation, the vortex generator can generate a pair of vortexes opposite to the direction of the train tail vortex, so that the strength of the train tail vortex is weakened, and the aerodynamic resistance of the train is reduced. Meanwhile, the vortex generator has a blocking effect on the incoming flow, the positive pressure at the tail of the train is increased, the differential pressure resistance at the head and the tail of the train is reduced, and the pneumatic resistance is reduced; the invention can enhance the intensity of the wake vortex during the resistance increasing operation, and simultaneously breaks the streamline of the train head, thereby achieving the resistance increasing effect.
Through wind tunnel test and numerical simulation verification, the resistance reduction effect of the device can reach 4%. The resistance increasing effect is that the resistance increasing effect of the first car is 19 percent and the resistance increasing effect of the tail car is 6 percent, and the specific effect is shown in the following table.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a train increase and decrease hinders device based on vortex generator which characterized in that includes:
the vortex generators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the train and are respectively arranged on a head train and a tail train of the train, the vortex generators are arranged perpendicular to the train streamline area train shell and are provided with sliding control mechanisms, the vortex generators are arranged at the train streamline area train shell in a rising or contracting mode through the sliding control mechanisms, and the vortex generators are provided with rotating mechanisms used for adjusting angles between the vortex generators and the middle lines of the train; the vortex generator is of a triangular structure or a trapezoidal plate-shaped structure;
when the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generators is in a resistance reducing state, the vortex generators of the train head train are contracted and arranged in the train streamline type regional train shell; the vortex generator of the train tail car is arranged outside the train streamline area car shell in a lifting mode, and the included angle between the vortex generator of the train tail car and the center line of the train is 50 degrees;
when the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generators is in a resistance increasing state, the vortex generators of the train head car are lifted and arranged outside a train shell in a streamline area of the train, the included angles between the two vortex generators positioned in front of the train head car and the center line of the train are-90 degrees, and the included angles between the two vortex generators positioned behind the train head car and the center line of the train are 90 degrees; the vortex generator of the train tail car is arranged outside a car shell of the train streamline area in a lifting mode, and the included angle between the vortex generator of the train tail car and the center line of the train is-50 degrees;
the slide control mechanism includes: the control device comprises a control device lower support, a spoiler support, an electric motor, a ball screw and a control device upper support, wherein the control device upper support is arranged on the inner side of the train streamline type regional car shell, the control device lower support is fixedly arranged in the train streamline type regional car shell, two ends of the control device lower support are perpendicular to the train streamline type regional car shell and are outwards provided with guide rails, the guide rails are connected to the control device upper support, two ends of the spoiler support are slidably arranged on the two guide rails through linear bearings, a vortex generator is arranged on the spoiler support, the electric motor is arranged on the control device lower support, the electric motor is connected with the ball screw through a coupler, and the ball screw is in transmission connection with the spoiler support through a ball nut.
2. The vortex-generator-based train friction-increasing and drag-reducing device according to claim 1, wherein said head train and tail train are each provided with four said vortex generators.
3. The vortex-generator-based train friction-increasing and drag-reducing device according to claim 1, wherein the vortex generator is a right trapezoid plate-shaped structure, the maximum length of the bottom side of the vortex generator is 0.65m, the maximum height of the vortex generator is 0.4m, and the acute angle of the vortex generator is 35 °.
4. The vortex-generator-based train friction-increasing and drag-reducing device according to claim 1, wherein said train streamline area housing is opened with a plurality of grooves, and said vortex generators are slidably disposed in said grooves.
5. The vortex-generator-based train friction and drag increasing and reducing device according to claim 4, wherein the rotating mechanism is provided with a rotating motor, the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the spoiler support, the vortex generator is mounted on the spoiler support through the rotating motor, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected with the vortex generator through a coupling.
6. The vortex-generator-based train friction-increasing and reducing device according to claim 4, wherein a rubber sealing strip is movably disposed at the groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111432133.2A CN113997964B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Train drag increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111432133.2A CN113997964B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Train drag increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator |
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| CN113997964A CN113997964A (en) | 2022-02-01 |
| CN113997964B true CN113997964B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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| CN113734211B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2023-06-02 | 中南大学 | Pneumatic drag reduction device and method based on train wake vortex control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH11105708A (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 1999-04-20 | Kazue Hama | Air resistance reducing device |
| DE19912144C1 (en) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-11-02 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Rail vehicle with a streamlined end part |
| CN105313910A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-10 | 郭宏斌 | A high speed train provided with a resistance reducing device |
| CN108561268A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-09-21 | 向俊达 | A kind of novel wind motor vortex generator |
| CN110001686B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Array type high-speed train tail eddy current control device |
| IT201900016157A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-12 | Ferrari Spa | CAR EQUIPPED WITH A REAR SPOILER AND A MOVABLE DIVERTER PANEL TO ADJUST THE REAR SPOILER ACTION |
| IT201900016160A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-12 | Ferrari Spa | CAR EQUIPPED WITH A REAR SPOILER AND AERODYNAMIC ELEMENTS TO INCREASE THE AERODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE REAR SPOILER |
| CN110606189A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Passive condition-activated vortex generator and working method thereof |
| CN111976754B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-11-02 | 中南大学 | Double-deck windage arresting gear, double-deck cab structure and high-speed train |
| CN113264070B (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2023-09-29 | 中南大学 | Inter-city train is with vortex device |
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