CN113996432B

CN113996432B - Vortex breaker of feeding with higher speed

Info

Publication number: CN113996432B
Application number: CN202111228480.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云龙
Original assignee: Shandong Xinhai Mining Technology & Equipment Inc
Current assignee: Shandong Xinhai Mining Technology & Equipment Inc
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2022-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-21
Also published as: CN113996432A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crushing devices, and particularly relates to a vortex crushing device for accelerating feeding. The crushing pipeline comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is provided with an air inlet and a feeding hole, the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole, and the lower side of the feeding hole of the crushing pipeline is provided with an accelerating area; the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge port; the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller so as to drive the impeller to rotate; the accelerating part is arranged at the position of the feed opening of the crushing pipeline and provides transverse accelerating airflow for the accelerating area, so that the flow velocity of the airflow in the accelerating area is larger than that of the airflow in the area outside the accelerating area of the crushing pipeline. The air flow in the accelerating area enables materials to rapidly enter a high flow speed state, the materials in the high flow speed state can more easily flow in a turbulent state along the radial direction of the pipeline in the pipeline, the collision probability among the materials can be increased, and the impact force during collision is improved.

Description

Vortex breaker of feeding with higher speed

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing devices, in particular to a vortex crushing device capable of accelerating feeding.

Background

When hard materials such as ore, building rubbish use, often need with this type of comminuted, at present, generally adopt extrusion formula breaker to this type of comminuted. The crushing efficiency of the extrusion crusher is low, so that the research on a crushing device capable of efficiently crushing hard materials is very critical.

Therefore, the applicant researches and develops a crushing device shown in fig. 1 by using wind flow to drive materials to move at a high speed for crushing, wherein the crushing device comprises a crushing pipeline, an impeller and a driving piece, the feeding end of the crushing pipeline is provided with an air inlet and a feeding hole, and the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole; the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge port; the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate.

When the crushing device works, materials enter the crushing pipeline through the feeding hole, the impeller rotates under the driving of the driving piece to enable negative pressure to be generated in the crushing pipeline, the air inlet can be filled with air flow, and the air flow drives the materials to move at a high speed in the crushing pipeline. The material can collide the pipe wall in the moving process and can collide with each other, so that the material is crushed. However, during development, the particle size and weight of partial materials are large, the acceleration is slow, the partial materials are easy to gather at the bottom of the crushing pipeline, the materials are in a low-speed linear moving state at the bottom of the crushing pipeline, the collision frequency between the materials is low, the collision force is small, and the crushing effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the vortex crushing device for accelerating the feeding, the airflow in the accelerating area enables the materials to rapidly enter a high flow speed state, the materials in the high flow speed state can more easily flow in a radial turbulent state of the crushing pipeline, the collision probability among the materials can be increased, the impact force during collision is improved, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a vortex crushing device for accelerating feeding, which comprises a crushing pipeline, an impeller, a driving piece and an accelerating piece. The crushing pipeline comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is provided with an air inlet and a feeding hole, the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole, and the crushing pipeline is provided with an accelerating area at the lower side of the feeding hole; the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge port; the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate; the accelerating part is arranged at the position of the feed opening of the crushing pipeline and provides transverse accelerating airflow for the accelerating area, so that the flow velocity of the airflow in the accelerating area is larger than that of the airflow in the area outside the accelerating area of the crushing pipeline.

Further, the vortex crushing device also comprises a sieve plate, the sieve plate is arranged inside the feeding end, and an accelerating area is formed above the sieve plate.

Further, the sieve includes horizontal muscle and a plurality of muscle of indulging along broken pipeline extension, and a plurality of muscle intervals of indulging set up in order to form the punishment in advance clearance, and horizontal muscle is located a plurality of tip of indulging the muscle and is close to the air intake.

Furthermore, the material passing gap gradually increases in the direction towards the discharging end.

Further, the upper surface of the end part of the sieve plate close to the discharge hole is obliquely downwards inclined to form a guide surface.

Further, the screening deck comprises a bulge and a horizontal portion, the bulge extending along the crushing duct and being located in the middle of the screening deck.

Furthermore, a flow guide part is installed at one end, close to the air inlet, of the sieve plate, the flow guide part extends downwards towards the air inlet in an inclined mode, an air passing gap is formed between the bottom end of the flow guide part and the crushing pipeline, and the sieve plate and the flow guide part form an accelerating part.

Furthermore, the flow guide piece is hinged with the sieve plate, and the flow guide piece can rotate relative to the sieve plate.

Furthermore, the pipe wall of the crushing pipeline is provided with an air supplementing opening, the air supplementing opening is arranged between the air inlet and the feeding hole, the accelerating part is a first fan, and the first fan can provide transverse accelerating airflow to an accelerating area through the air supplementing opening.

Furthermore, the rear of the accelerating area of the crushing pipeline is provided with a material mixing area, the crushing pipeline is provided with an air inlet hole in the material mixing area, the vortex crushing device further comprises a second fan, and the second fan can blow up the material at the bottom of the material mixing area through the air inlet hole.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. when the vortex crushing device works, the transverse accelerating airflow provided by the accelerating part can accelerate the airflow velocity in an accelerating area, so that materials can quickly enter a high-velocity state, the materials in the high-velocity state can more easily flow in a turbulent manner along the radial direction of the crushing pipeline, the randomness and the uniformity of the radial dispersion of the materials in the crushing pipeline are improved, the collision probability among the materials can be further increased, and the impact force of the materials in the high-velocity state when impacting each other and the inner wall of the crushing pipeline is stronger and the materials are more easily crushed.

2. An accelerating area is formed above the sieve plate, and materials with large particle sizes can be blocked in the accelerating area by the sieve plate to enter a high-flow-rate state to be crushed. The materials with small and medium particle diameters can fall to the bottom of the crushing pipeline through the sieve plate so as to prevent the discharge hole and the acceleration area from being blocked by the materials.

3. The guide piece extends downwards towards the air inlet in an inclined mode, most of air flow introduced from the air inlet can be guided to enter the upper portion of the sieve plate, and the flow speed of the air flow in the acceleration area is accelerated.

4. The transverse accelerated airflow provided by the first fan is converged with the airflow introduced from the air inlet, so that the airflow velocity of an accelerated area is improved.

5. The second fan can upwards blow up the material of the regional bottom of compounding, makes the material striking of bottom be located the material on the regional upper portion of compounding, improves the probability that the material collided each other.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vortex breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a screen plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a screen plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a vortex breaking device in another embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. crushing the pipeline; 101. an air inlet; 102. a feed inlet; 103. a discharge port; 104. air supply ports; 105. an air intake; 2. an impeller; 3. a drive member; 4. a sieve plate; 401. transverse ribs; 402. longitudinal ribs; 403. a material passing gap; 404. a guide surface; 405. a projection; 406. a horizontal portion; 5. a flow guide member; 6. a first fan; 7. and a second fan.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the present invention, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. However, the direct connection means that the two bodies are not connected to each other by the intermediate structure but connected to each other by the connecting structure to form a whole. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, there is provided a vortex breaker apparatus for accelerating feeding, comprising a breaking pipe 1, an impeller 2, a driving member 3, and an accelerating member. The crushing pipeline 1 comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is provided with an air inlet 101 and a feeding hole 102, the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole 103, and the crushing pipeline 1 is provided with an accelerating area at the lower side of the feeding hole 102; the impeller 2 is arranged in the crushing pipeline 1 and is positioned in a region corresponding to the discharge hole 103; the driving piece 3 is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline 1 and connected with the impeller 2 so as to drive the impeller 2 to rotate; an accelerator is arranged at the position of the crushing pipe 1 at the feed opening 102, and the accelerator provides transverse accelerated airflow to the acceleration area, so that the flow velocity of the airflow in the acceleration area is larger than that of the airflow in the area of the crushing pipe 1 outside the acceleration area.

When the vortex crushing device works, materials enter the crushing pipeline 1 from the feeding hole 102, the impeller 2 is driven by the driving piece 3 to rotate so as to generate negative pressure in the crushing pipeline 1, the air inlet 101 can be communicated with air flow, and the air flow drives the materials to move in the crushing pipeline 1 at a high speed. The material can collide the pipe wall in the moving process and can collide with each other, so that the material is crushed. The crushed material enters the discharge end and the impeller 2 rotates to discharge the material out of the discharge port 103.

The transverse accelerated airflow provided by the accelerating part can accelerate the airflow speed in the accelerating area. Under the drive of the air current in the accelerating region, get into the material in broken pipeline 1 by feed inlet 102, the speed of moving towards the discharge end is accelerated, the possibility that the material gathers in broken pipeline 1 bottom under the low transverse velocity state has been reduced, make the material can be quick get into the state of high velocity of flow, the material of high velocity of flow state flows along pipeline radial turbulent attitude more easily in broken pipeline 1, the randomness and the homogeneity of material radial dispersion in broken pipeline 1 have been improved, and then can increase the probability of collision between the material, and, the material under the state of high velocity of flow is at the mutual impact, impact strength when assaulting with broken pipeline 1 inner wall is stronger, it is broken more easily.

In a preferred embodiment, the vortex breaker apparatus further comprises a screen deck 4, the screen deck 4 being mounted within the feed end, the acceleration zone being defined above the screen deck 4. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, when the material enters the crushing pipe 1 from the feeding port 102, under the action of the airflow in the acceleration region, the material with a small particle size can rapidly enter a high flow speed state and then flows in a turbulent manner in the direction of the discharging end, while the material with a large particle size can be blocked in the acceleration region by the sieve plate 4 and then accelerated to a high flow speed state in the acceleration region, so as to crush the material in the high flow speed state. In addition, the materials with medium and small particle sizes can fall below the sieve plate 4 through the sieve plate 4, so that the material is prevented from blocking the discharge hole 103 and an acceleration area, and the passing performance of the air flow and the materials in the acceleration area is improved. The large-particle-size materials can be primarily crushed in the acceleration region, the primarily crushed large-particle-size materials flow in the crushing pipeline 1 in a turbulent manner along the radial direction of the pipeline after leaving the acceleration region so as to be further crushed, and can impact the medium-particle-size materials flowing at a relatively low speed, the primarily crushed large-particle-size materials and the medium-particle-size materials have a speed difference when flowing, the impact force between the large-particle-size materials and the medium-particle-size materials is stronger, and the materials are easier to crush.

Regarding the structure of the screen deck 4, in a preferred embodiment, further specifically, the screen deck 4 includes a plurality of longitudinal ribs 402 extending along the crushing pipe 1 and a transverse rib 401, the plurality of longitudinal ribs 402 are arranged at intervals to form a material passing gap 403, and the transverse rib 401 is arranged at an end of the plurality of longitudinal ribs 402 and is close to the air inlet 101. In the materials entering the crushing pipeline 1 from the feeding hole 102, the materials with small particle size and the materials with large particle size can move in an accelerating area above the sieve plate 4 in an accelerating way, and the materials with medium and small particle size can fall into the lower part of the sieve plate 4 from the material passing gap 403 of the sieve plate 4. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the transverse ribs 401 in the screen deck 4 can support the ends of the plurality of longitudinal ribs 402 close to the air inlet 101, while the ends of the plurality of longitudinal ribs 402 far from the air inlet 101 can swing up and down within a certain range under the pressure of the material or the pressure of the air flow, and each longitudinal rib 402 can swing independently. Specifically, if there is a material clamped between the two longitudinal ribs 402, the two longitudinal ribs 402 can swing up and down under the collision of other materials or the pressure of air flow, and the material can be separated from the clamping of the two longitudinal ribs 402, thereby reducing the probability of the material being clamped in the material passing gap 403.

A further optimization is that the flow gap 403 increases in the direction of the discharge end. As shown in fig. 2, the material passing gap 403 is gradually increased, and the material falling below the sieve plate 4 can be gradually increased, so as to reduce the resistance of the material above the sieve plate 4 to the airflow flow in the acceleration region, prevent the blockage of the discharge port 103, and ensure the crushing efficiency. In addition, the materials are collided to be primarily crushed in the acceleration process of the acceleration region, and particularly, the primarily crushed large-particle-size materials fall below the sieve plate 4 through the material passing gap 403 and then collide with the small-particle-size materials moving at a low speed below the sieve plate 4 to be crushed, so that the material crushing effect is improved.

With regard to the structure of the screen deck 4, further specifically, the upper surface of the end portion of the screen deck 4 near the discharge port 103 is inclined obliquely downward to form a guide surface 404. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the guide surface 404 is capable of guiding a portion of the material above the screen deck 4 to move in the direction of the bottom of the crushing tunnel 1 to be crushed in collision with the material at the bottom of the crushing tunnel 1.

As regards the structure of the screening deck 4, further in particular, the screening deck 4 comprises a bulge 405 and a horizontal portion 406, the bulge 405 extending along the crushing duct 1 and being located in the middle of the screening deck 4. As shown in fig. 3, for the materials falling on the sieve plate 4, the large-particle-size materials are easy to fall to the horizontal portion 406 while avoiding the protrusion 405, so that the small-particle-size materials can fall to the lower side of the sieve plate 4 through the protrusion 405, and the blockage of the feed port 102 caused by the accumulation of the materials above the sieve plate 4 is prevented.

In a preferred embodiment, more specifically, a flow guide member 5 is installed at one end of the screen plate 4 close to the air inlet 101, the flow guide member 5 extends obliquely downward toward the air inlet 101, an air passing gap is formed between the bottom end of the flow guide member 5 and the crushing pipeline 1, and the screen plate 4 and the flow guide member 5 form an accelerating member. As shown in fig. 1, the guiding element 5 extends obliquely downward toward the air inlet 101, and can guide most of the air flow introduced by the air inlet 101 to enter above the screen deck 4, so as to accelerate the air flow velocity in the acceleration region. In addition, a small part of air flow enters the lower part of the sieve plate 4 through the air passing gap so as to drive the materials below the sieve plate 4 to move and crush.

More specifically, the guide member 5 is hinged to the screen plate 4, and the guide member 5 can rotate relative to the screen plate 4. As shown in fig. 1, the deflector 5 can be turned to adjust the flow of the air flow directed over the screening deck 4 and thus the velocity of the air flow in the acceleration zone. Specifically, when the material below the sieve plate 4 is too much, the guide member 5 can be rotated upward, and the flow of the gas entering below the sieve plate 4 is increased, so that the moving speed of the material is increased, and the material accumulation below the sieve plate 4 is reduced. When large-particle-size materials above the sieve plate are more, the material guide part can be rotated downwards to increase the flow rate of the air entering the upper part of the sieve plate 4, so that the flow speed of the air flow in an acceleration area is increased, the moving speed of the materials in the acceleration area is increased, the probability that the large-particle-size materials fall into the bottom of the crushing pipeline 1 is reduced, and the crushing effect is improved.

In a preferred embodiment, more specifically, the tube wall of the crushing tube 1 is provided with an air supply opening 104, the air supply opening 104 is arranged between the air inlet 101 and the feeding port 102, the accelerating element is a first fan 6, and the first fan 6 can provide transverse accelerated airflow to the accelerating area through the air supply opening 104. As shown in fig. 4, the transverse accelerating airflow provided by the first fan 6 is converged with the airflow introduced from the air inlet 101, so that the airflow speed in the accelerating area can be increased, the feeding speed of the material is increased, the material is reduced from falling to the bottom of the crushing pipeline 1, and the crushing effect of the material is improved.

In a specific embodiment, the first fan 6 comprises an air inlet pipe provided with air outlet holes, the air inlet pipe passes through the air supply opening 101, and the air outlet holes face the discharge end.

In a preferred embodiment, more specifically, the crushing pipeline 1 is provided with a mixing area behind the accelerating area, the crushing pipeline 1 is provided with an air inlet 105 in the mixing area, the vortex crushing device further comprises a second fan 7, and the second fan 7 can blow up the material at the bottom of the mixing area through the air inlet 105. As shown in fig. 4, the material at the bottom of the mixing area can be blown up by the airflow introduced by the second fan 7 and impact the material at the upper part of the mixing area, so that the randomness and uniformity of radial dispersion of the material in the crushing pipeline 1 are further improved, and the probability of mutual collision of the materials is improved.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the form of the accelerating member is not limited to the above embodiment, for example, the first fan 6 and the screen plate 4 may be used simultaneously, or the first fan 6, the screen plate 4 and the flow guiding member 5 may be used simultaneously, so as to improve the accelerating effect of the material. In addition, in the present invention, the driving member 3 may employ a motor.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, as for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment for relevant points.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A vortex breaking apparatus for accelerating feed, comprising:

the crushing pipeline comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is provided with an air inlet and a feeding hole, the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole, and the crushing pipeline is provided with an accelerating area at the lower side of the feeding hole;

the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in a region corresponding to the discharge port;

the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller so as to drive the impeller to rotate;

the accelerating part is arranged at the position of the feeding hole of the crushing pipeline and provides transverse accelerated airflow to the accelerating area, so that the flow velocity of the airflow in the accelerating area is larger than that of the airflow outside the accelerating area of the crushing pipeline;

the vortex crushing device also comprises a sieve plate, the sieve plate is arranged in the feeding end, and the acceleration area is formed above the sieve plate;

the sieve includes horizontal muscle and follows a plurality of muscle of indulging that broken pipeline extends, it is a plurality of indulge the muscle interval and set up in order to form the punishment in advance clearance, horizontal muscle is located a plurality of the tip of indulging the muscle just is close to the air intake.

2. An accelerated feed vortex breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the overfeed gap is progressively increased in a direction towards the discharge end.

3. A feed accelerating scroll breaker apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the upper surface of the end of the screen deck adjacent the discharge outlet is inclined obliquely downwardly to form a guide surface.

4. A feed accelerating vortex breaker apparatus according to claim 1 in which the screen deck includes a ledge and a horizontal portion, the ledge extending along the breaker duct and being located in the middle of the screen deck.

5. The accelerated feed scroll breaker of claim 1 wherein said screen deck has a deflector mounted to an end of said screen deck adjacent said air inlet, said deflector extending obliquely downward toward said air inlet, an air gap being provided between a bottom end of said deflector and said breaker duct, said screen deck and said deflector forming said accelerator.

6. A feed accelerating scroll breaker apparatus as claimed in claim 5 in which the deflector is hinged to the screen deck, the deflector being rotatable relative to the screen deck.

7. The accelerated feeding vortex breaking device of claim 1, wherein a tube wall of the breaking pipeline is provided with an air supplementing opening, the air supplementing opening is arranged between the air inlet and the feeding hole, the accelerating part is a first fan, and the first fan can provide transverse accelerated airflow to the accelerating area through the air supplementing opening.

8. A feed-accelerating vortex breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the breaking pipe is provided with a mixing area behind the accelerating area, the breaking pipe is provided with an air inlet hole in the mixing area, and the vortex breaking device further comprises a second fan which can blow up the material at the bottom of the mixing area through the air inlet hole.