CN113996431B

CN113996431B - Vortex breaker of multistage feeding

Info

Publication number: CN113996431B
Application number: CN202111228471.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云龙
Original assignee: Shandong Xinhai Mining Technology & Equipment Inc
Current assignee: Shandong Xinhai Mining Technology & Equipment Inc
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2023-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-21
Also published as: CN113996431A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crushing devices, and particularly relates to a multistage-feeding vortex crushing device which comprises a crushing pipeline, an impeller and a driving piece, wherein the crushing pipeline comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is sequentially provided with an air inlet, a fine material inlet and a coarse material inlet in the direction that the feeding end extends towards the discharging end, and the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole; the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge port; the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate. According to the multi-stage feeding vortex crushing device provided by the invention, materials can flow in a crushing pipeline in a turbulent manner along the radial direction, so that the probability of collision among the materials is increased, the impact force during collision of the materials is improved, and the crushing effect is improved.

Description

Vortex breaker of multistage feeding

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing devices, in particular to a multistage-feeding vortex crushing device.

Background

When hard materials such as ore, building rubbish use, often need with this type of comminuted, at present, generally adopt extrusion formula breaker to this type of comminuted. The crushing efficiency of extrusion formula breaker is lower, consequently, research a breaker that can high-efficient crushing stereoplasm material is very crucial.

Therefore, through the research of the applicant that the air flow drives the material to move at a high speed for crushing, the crushing device shown in fig. 1 is developed, and comprises a crushing pipeline, an impeller and a driving piece, wherein the feeding end of the crushing pipeline is provided with an air inlet and a feeding hole, and the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole; the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge port; the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate.

When the crushing device works, materials enter the crushing pipeline from the feeding hole, the impeller rotates under the driving of the driving piece to enable negative pressure to be generated in the crushing pipeline, the air inlet can be communicated with air flow, and the air flow drives the materials to move in the crushing pipeline at a high speed. The material can collide the pipe wall in the moving process and can collide with each other, so that the material is crushed. However, during development, it is found that part of the materials have large particle size, heavy weight and slow acceleration, and are easy to gather at the bottom of the crushing pipeline, the materials are in a low-speed linear moving state at the bottom of the crushing pipeline, the collision frequency between the materials is low, the collision force is small, and the crushing effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the multistage-feeding vortex crushing device, materials can flow in a crushing pipeline along a radial turbulent state, the probability of collision among the materials is increased, the impact force during material collision is improved, the crushing effect is improved, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multistage-feeding vortex crushing device which comprises a crushing pipeline, an impeller and a driving piece, wherein the crushing pipeline comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is sequentially provided with an air inlet, a fine material inlet and a coarse material inlet in the direction that the feeding end extends towards the discharging end, and the discharging end is provided with a discharging hole; the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge port; the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate.

Furthermore, the bottom of the crushing pipeline is provided with a protruding part protruding towards the inside of the crushing pipeline, the protruding part is positioned between the fine material inlet and the coarse material inlet, and the protruding part and the crushing pipeline form an accelerating area.

Further, the vortex crushing device further comprises a sieve plate, the sieve plate is installed below the coarse material inlet, and the height of the sieve plate in the crushing pipeline is not lower than the central axis of the bulge and not higher than the central axis of the crushing pipeline.

Furthermore, the sieve plate is connected with the lug boss, and the height of the sieve plate in the crushing pipeline is the same as that of the lug boss.

Further, the sieve includes that a plurality of muscle of indulging that extend along broken pipeline and connect a plurality of horizontal muscle of indulging the muscle, and horizontal muscle is close to the bellying, and a plurality of muscle intervals of indulging set up in order to form the punishment in advance clearance.

Further, in the direction towards the discharging end, the material passing gap is gradually reduced.

Further, the upper surface of the end part of the sieve plate close to the discharge hole is obliquely downwards inclined to form a guide surface.

Further, the feed end still is equipped with the blowhole, and the blowhole is located coarse fodder import below, and vortex breaker still includes the piece of blowing, and the piece of blowing communicates with the blowhole, and the wind current that the piece of blowing produced flows towards the coarse fodder import through blowing the hole.

Furthermore, broken pipeline still is equipped with the air supply hole, and the coarse fodder import below is located to the air supply hole, and vortex breaker still includes air supply spare, and air supply spare and air supply hole intercommunication, the air current flows towards the discharge end through air supply hole.

Furthermore, the bottom of the protruding portion is provided with a threaded hole, the crushing pipeline is provided with a connecting hole matched with the threaded hole, and the bolt penetrates through the connecting hole and is screwed in the threaded hole.

The invention has the advantages that the fine materials entering the crushing pipeline from the fine material inlet can quickly enter a high flow speed state under the driving of the wind flow, and the coarse materials can be preliminarily crushed after the fine materials collide with the coarse materials entering the crushing pipeline from the coarse material inlet, and the flow speed of the coarse materials is accelerated, so that the coarse materials enter the high flow speed state. The material of high velocity of flow state flows along pipeline radial turbulence more easily in broken pipeline, has improved the randomness and the homogeneity of material radial dispersion in broken pipeline, and then can increase the probability of colliding between the material, and in addition, the impact force of material under the high velocity of flow state when impacting each other, impacting with broken pipeline inner wall is stronger, and is broken more easily. The multi-stage feeding vortex crushing device effectively solves the problems in the prior art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vortex breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a screen plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. crushing the pipeline; 101. an air inlet; 102. a fine material inlet; 103. a coarse material inlet; 104. a discharge port; 105. an air blowing hole; 106. air supplement holes; 2. an impeller; 3. a drive member; 4. a boss portion; 5. a sieve plate; 501. longitudinal ribs; 502. transverse ribs; 503. a material passing gap; 504. a guide surface; 6. a blowing member; 7. a wind supplementing piece; 8. and (4) bolts.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the present invention, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. However, the direct connection means that the two bodies are connected without a connection relationship by an excessive structure and are connected to each other only by the connection structure to form a whole. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a multi-stage feeding vortex crushing apparatus is provided, which includes a crushing pipeline 1, an impeller 2 and a driving member 3, wherein the crushing pipeline 1 includes a feeding end and a discharging end, in the direction that the feeding end extends toward the discharging end, the feeding end is sequentially provided with an air inlet 101, a fine material inlet 102 and a coarse material inlet 103, and the discharging end is provided with a discharging port 104; the impeller 2 is arranged in the crushing pipeline 1 and is positioned in the area corresponding to the discharge hole 104; the driving part 3 is arranged outside the crushing pipeline 1 and connected with the impeller 2 to drive the impeller 2 to rotate.

The invention provides a vortex crushing device, wherein a crushing pipeline 1 is provided with a fine material inlet 102 and a coarse material inlet 103, materials are preliminarily sieved into fine materials with small particle sizes and coarse materials with large particle sizes, the fine materials enter the crushing pipeline 1 through the fine material inlet 102, and the coarse materials enter the crushing pipeline 1 through the coarse material inlet 103, so that the fine materials are prevented from being clamped in the coarse materials, and the possibility that the fine materials and the coarse materials are gathered at the bottom of the crushing pipeline 1 in a low transverse speed moving state is reduced. In addition, fine material light in weight can get into the high velocity of flow state fast under the drive of distinguished and admirable, and the velocity of flow of fine material is greater than the velocity of flow of coarse fodder moreover, and after the fine material collided the coarse fodder, can carry out preliminary breakage to the coarse fodder to can accelerate the velocity of flow of coarse fodder, thereby make the coarse fodder get into the high velocity of flow state. The material of high velocity of flow state flows along pipeline radial turbulence more easily in broken pipeline 1, has improved the randomness and the homogeneity of material radial dispersion in broken pipeline 1, and then can increase the probability of colliding between the material, and in addition, the impact force of material under the high velocity of flow state when impacting each other, impacting with broken pipeline 1 inner wall is stronger, and is broken more easily.

In a preferred embodiment, and more specifically, the bottom of the crushing pipe 1 is provided with a projection 4 projecting towards the inside of the crushing pipe 1, the projection 4 being located between the fine material inlet 102 and the coarse material inlet 103, the projection 4 forming an acceleration zone with the crushing pipe 1. As shown in fig. 1, the inner diameter of the crushing pipe 1 can be reduced by the convex portion 4, the flow velocity of the air flow is increased in the acceleration region, the flow velocity of the fine material is increased in the acceleration region, the impact force when the fine materials collide with each other and the fine material collides with the crushing pipe 1 is increased, and the crushing effect of the fine material can be improved. In addition, after the flow velocity of the fine materials is accelerated, the impact force of the fine materials on the coarse materials is increased, the crushing effect of the fine materials on the coarse materials can be improved, and the flow velocity of the coarse materials can be accelerated by the impact of the fine materials on the coarse materials.

With respect to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, more specifically, the vortex breaking device further comprises a screen plate 5, wherein the screen plate 5 is installed below the coarse material inlet 103, and the height of the screen plate 5 in the breaking pipe 1 is not lower than the projection 4 and not higher than the central axis of the breaking pipe 1.

During primary screening, a small amount of fine materials are mixed in coarse materials, and the coarse materials comprise large-particle-size coarse materials and medium-particle-size coarse materials. When coarse materials enter the crushing pipeline 1 from the coarse material inlet 103, fine materials mixed in the coarse materials can quickly enter a high-flow-rate state under the action of the wind flow in the acceleration area, and then flow in a turbulent manner towards the discharge end. The large-particle-size coarse materials can be blocked by the sieve plate 5, and the sieve plate 5 is not lower than the bulge part 4 and not higher than the central axis of the crushing pipeline 1 in height in the crushing pipeline 1, so that the fine materials accelerated in the acceleration area can impact the coarse materials above the sieve plate 5, the large-particle-size coarse materials are subjected to primary crushing, and the flow rate of the large-particle-size coarse materials is accelerated. In addition, the medium-particle-size coarse materials can fall below the sieve plate 5 through the sieve plate 5, so that the coarse material inlet 103 is prevented from being blocked by the materials, and the passing performance of wind flow and the materials above the sieve plate 5 is improved. After leaving the upper part of the sieve plate 5, the large-particle-size coarse materials after primary crushing flow in a turbulent state along the radial direction of the crushing pipeline 1 to be further crushed and can impact with medium-particle-size coarse materials flowing at a relatively low speed, the large-particle-size coarse materials and the medium-particle-size coarse materials have a speed difference during flowing, the impact force between the large-particle-size coarse materials and the medium-particle-size coarse materials is stronger, and the large-particle-size coarse materials and the medium-particle-size coarse materials are easier to crush.

For the embodiment shown in fig. 1, further in detail, the screening deck 5 is connected to the projection 4, and the height of the screening deck in the crushing channel is the same as the height of the projection. After the fine materials are accelerated in the acceleration area, most of the fine materials can flow above the sieve plate 5 to collide and crush with the coarse materials above the sieve plate 5, and collide and accelerate the coarse materials above the sieve plate 5, so that the effect of crushing and accelerating the coarse materials by the coarse materials can be improved.

Regarding the structure of the screen deck 5, in a preferred embodiment, further specifically, the screen deck 5 includes a plurality of longitudinal ribs 501 extending along the crushing pipe 1 and a transverse rib 502 connecting the plurality of longitudinal ribs 501, the transverse rib 502 is close to the projection 4, and the plurality of longitudinal ribs 501 are arranged at intervals to form a material passing gap 503.

In the materials entering the crushing pipeline 1 from the coarse material inlet 103, the fine materials and the coarse materials with large particle size can move above the sieve plate 5 in an accelerating way, and the coarse materials with medium particle size can fall into the lower part of the sieve plate 5 from the material passing gap 503 of the sieve plate 5. As shown in fig. 3, the transverse ribs 502 in the screen panel 5 can support a plurality of longitudinal ribs 501, and the plurality of longitudinal ribs 501 can swing up and down within a certain range under the pressure of the material or the pressure of the wind flow, and each longitudinal rib 501 can swing independently. Specifically speaking, if there is the material centre gripping between two indulge muscle 501, under the collision of other materials or the pressure of wind current, two indulge muscle 501 can the luffing motion, and the material can break away from the centre gripping of two indulging muscle 501 to reduce the probability of material card in mistake material clearance 503.

More specifically, the gap 503 decreases in the direction toward the discharge end. The material passing gap 503 in the front of the sieve plate 5 is large, so that coarse materials with medium particle sizes can fall below the sieve plate 5, and the circulation of airflow and materials above the sieve plate 5 is improved; because the coarse fodder can tentatively be broken in sieve 5 top, on sieve 5 towards the extending direction of discharge end, the coarse fodder is broken gradually, and the particle diameter reduces gradually, but not yet fully broken, still gathers in broken pipeline 1 below easily, therefore sieve 5 rear portion punishment in advance clearance 503 is little, can prevent that the coarse fodder from falling into sieve 5 below to make the coarse fodder fully broken.

A further optimization of the construction of the screening deck 5 is that the upper surface of the end of the screening deck 5 adjacent the outfeed 104 is inclined obliquely downwards to form a guide surface 504. The guide surface 504 is capable of guiding a portion of the material above the screen deck 5 to move in the direction of the bottom of the crushing pipe 1 to be crushed in collision with the material in the bottom of the crushing pipe 1.

In a preferred embodiment, more specifically, the feeding end is further provided with a blowing hole 105, the blowing hole 105 is arranged below the coarse material inlet 103, the vortex breaking device further comprises a blowing piece 6, the blowing piece 6 is communicated with the blowing hole 105, and the airflow generated by the blowing piece 6 flows towards the coarse material inlet 103 through the blowing hole 105. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air flow generated by the blowing member 6 can support coarse materials entering from the coarse material inlet 103, so as to prevent the coarse materials from gathering at the bottom of the crushing pipeline 1, further improve the randomness and uniformity of the distribution of the coarse materials in the crushing pipeline 1, and increase the probability of collision of the coarse materials. When setting up sieve 5 in coarse fodder import 103 below, the wind stream that gets into by blowhole 105 can prevent the material card on sieve 5, and the material of sieve 5 below also can be in collision each other under the effect of wind stream moreover to improve crushing effect.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the form of the blowing member 6, for example, the blowing member 6 may be a blower.

In a preferred embodiment, more specifically, the crushing pipeline 1 is further provided with an air supplementing hole 106, the air supplementing hole 106 is arranged below the coarse material inlet 103, the vortex crushing device further comprises an air supplementing piece 7, the air supplementing piece 7 is communicated with the air supplementing hole 106, and air flows towards the discharge end through the air supplementing hole 106. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air flow entering from the air supply holes 106 can increase the moving speed of the materials in the transverse direction, so that the materials flow in the crushing pipeline 1 in a turbulent manner at high speed, and the collision probability and the collision impact force of the materials are improved.

It should be noted that the form of the air supplement member 7 is not limited in the present invention, for example, the air supplement member 7 may be a fan.

For the connection between the protruding portion 4 and the crushing pipe 1, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, more specifically, a threaded hole is formed at the bottom of the protruding portion 4, the crushing pipe 1 is provided with a through hole matched with the threaded hole, and the bolt 8 passes through the through hole and is screwed into the threaded hole. The convex part 4 is detachably connected with the crushing pipeline 1, and the convex part 4 with different heights can be replaced to adjust the wind flow velocity of the accelerating area. In addition, the flow velocity of the fine material in the acceleration region is increased, the impact force on the boss 4 is increased, the boss 4 is easily damaged, and the boss 4 can be replaced after being damaged. Moreover, the boss 4 and the crushing pipeline 1 are connected through the bolt 8, so that the connection mode is simple, and the assembly efficiency is high.

It should be noted that the connection between the boss 4 and the crushing pipe 1 is not limited to the above embodiment, and other ways may be adopted, such as the boss 4 and the crushing pipe 1 being connected by welding, or the boss 4 and the crushing pipe 1 being integrated.

It should be noted that, the material of the protrusion 4 is not particularly limited in the present invention, for example, the protrusion 4 is made of high manganese steel, which has excellent wear resistance and impact resistance and long service life. In addition, the invention is not limited to the form of the driving member 3, and the driving member 3 is, for example, a motor.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage feed vortex breaking apparatus comprising:

the crushing pipeline comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, wherein the feeding end is sequentially provided with an air inlet, a fine material inlet and a coarse material inlet in the extending direction of the feeding end towards the discharging end, and the discharging end is provided with a discharging port;

the impeller is arranged in the crushing pipeline and is positioned in a region corresponding to the discharge port;

the driving piece is arranged on the outer side of the crushing pipeline and connected with the impeller so as to drive the impeller to rotate;

the bottom of the crushing pipeline is provided with a bulge which protrudes towards the inside of the crushing pipeline, the bulge is positioned between the fine material inlet and the coarse material inlet, and the bulge and the crushing pipeline form an acceleration area;

the vortex crushing device also comprises a sieve plate, wherein the sieve plate is arranged below the coarse material inlet, and the height of the sieve plate in the crushing pipeline is not lower than the bulge part and is not higher than the central axis of the crushing pipeline;

the feeding end is further provided with a blowing hole, the blowing hole is formed below the coarse material inlet, the vortex crushing device further comprises a blowing piece, the blowing piece is communicated with the blowing hole, and air flow generated by the blowing piece flows towards the coarse material inlet through the blowing hole.

2. A multi-feed vortex breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the screening deck is connected to the boss and the height of the screening deck within the breaking duct is the same as the height of the boss.

3. The multi-stage feed vortex breaking device of claim 1, wherein the screen deck comprises a plurality of longitudinal ribs extending along the breaking pipe and a plurality of transverse ribs connecting the longitudinal ribs, the transverse ribs are adjacent to the protrusions, and the plurality of longitudinal ribs are spaced apart to form a material passing gap.

4. A multi-stage feed vortex breaking device according to claim 3, wherein the overfeed gap is progressively reduced in a direction towards the discharge end.

5. A multi-feed vortex breaking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the end of the screen deck adjacent the discharge outlet is inclined obliquely downwardly to form a guide surface.

6. A multi-stage feeding vortex breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the breaking pipeline is further provided with an air supplementing hole which is arranged below the coarse material inlet, the vortex breaking device further comprises an air supplementing piece which is communicated with the air supplementing hole, and air flows towards the discharge end through the air supplementing hole.

7. The multi-stage feeding vortex breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the boss is provided with a threaded hole, the breaking pipeline is provided with a connecting hole matched with the threaded hole, and a bolt passes through the connecting hole and is screwed in the threaded hole.