CN113992137B - Photovoltaic device capable of realizing angular self-adjustment and adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic device capable of realizing angular self-adjustment and adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113992137B CN113992137B CN202111285917.7A CN202111285917A CN113992137B CN 113992137 B CN113992137 B CN 113992137B CN 202111285917 A CN202111285917 A CN 202111285917A CN 113992137 B CN113992137 B CN 113992137B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
一种涉及光伏发电技术领域的可对角度自调节的光伏装置及其调节方法，包含光伏板、垂直轴叶轮、发条蓄能器、自动换向变速器和分动箱；还包含空心转轴、安装架和固定底座；空心转轴底部通过回转支承与固定底座顶部对应转动连接，空心转轴顶部设有发条蓄能器，以及通过风能驱动发条蓄能器蓄能的垂直轴叶轮，该垂直轴叶轮通过电子离合器Ⅰ与发条蓄能器的输入轴对应传动连接，且发条蓄能器的输出轴设有刹车机构；本发明利用风能带动垂直轴叶轮，垂直轴叶轮驱动发条蓄能器蓄能，发条蓄能器蓄能后作为驱动装置驱动安装架进行追光调节，能够有效减少光伏板发电损耗。
An angle-self-adjusting photovoltaic device and an adjustment method thereof related to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, including a photovoltaic panel, a vertical axis impeller, a clockwork accumulator, an automatic reversing transmission and a transfer case; and also includes a hollow rotating shaft, an installation frame and fixed base; the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft is connected to the top of the fixed base through a slewing bearing, and the top of the hollow rotating shaft is equipped with a spring accumulator, and a vertical axis impeller that drives the spring accumulator to store energy through wind energy. The vertical axis impeller The electronic clutch I is correspondingly connected to the input shaft of the clockwork accumulator, and the output shaft of the clockwork accumulator is provided with a braking mechanism; the invention uses wind energy to drive the vertical axis impeller, and the vertical axis impeller drives the clockwork accumulator to store the energy. After accumulating energy, the clockwork accumulator is used as a driving device to drive the mounting frame to adjust the light, which can effectively reduce the power generation loss of photovoltaic panels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic device capable of automatically adjusting angles and an adjusting method thereof.
Background
Photovoltaic power generation technology is mature gradually in the years, and application occasions are more and more abundant; the traditional photovoltaic panel is arranged at a fixed angle, the sun falls from east to west, the dimension of the sun can be changed all the year round, the time for effectively receiving illumination of the photovoltaic panel is limited, and the light utilization rate is low; at present, a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices capable of automatically tracking light appear on the market, the light tracking mechanisms of the existing devices are all driven by motors or electric telescopic cylinders, electric energy generated by a photovoltaic panel is required to be consumed, the light utilization rate is improved, but larger self-loss is increased, and the phenomenon is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art;
chinese patent (bulletin number: CN 213602596U) discloses a solar photovoltaic module for automatically tracking light; according to the solar photovoltaic rack, the solar photovoltaic rack is controlled to rotate and track east-west falling through centrally-arranged rotation driving, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic rack is adjusted through the rack driving device so as to adapt to the change of the high and low positions of the sun; however, the central rotary driving device and the rack driving device both need to consume electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module, so that the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a photovoltaic device capable of automatically adjusting angles and an adjusting method thereof.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic device capable of realizing angular self-adjustment and an adjusting method thereof comprise a photovoltaic plate, a vertical shaft impeller, a spring energy accumulator, an automatic reversing transmission and a transfer case; the device also comprises a hollow rotating shaft, a mounting rack and a fixed base;
the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft is correspondingly and rotatably connected with the top of the fixed base through a slewing bearing, the top of the hollow rotating shaft is provided with a clockwork spring energy accumulator and a vertical shaft impeller for driving the clockwork spring energy accumulator to store energy through wind energy, the vertical shaft impeller is correspondingly and drivingly connected with an input shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator through an electronic clutch I, and an output shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator is provided with a brake mechanism;
an automatic reversing speed changer is arranged at the inner top of the hollow rotating shaft, an input shaft is in corresponding transmission connection with an output shaft of the spring energy accumulator, and the output shaft of the automatic reversing speed changer is in transmission connection with a transfer case with two output shafts; an output shaft of the transfer case is in corresponding transmission connection with the slewing bearing through an electronic clutch II;
the bottom in the hollow rotating shaft is provided with a vertical screw nut mechanism, and a screw of the screw nut mechanism is correspondingly in transmission connection with the other output shaft of the transfer case through an electronic clutch III; a slot is arranged on one side of the hollow rotating shaft corresponding to the screw nut mechanism, and a sliding block which is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the screw nut mechanism nut is connected in a sliding manner in the slot;
one side of the hollow rotating shaft corresponding to the sliding block is provided with a mounting frame for mounting the photovoltaic panel, the top of the mounting frame is correspondingly hinged with the top of the hollow rotating shaft body, the middle of the mounting frame is hinged with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is correspondingly hinged with the sliding block.
Preferably, the brake mechanism comprises a worm wheel correspondingly coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator and a worm correspondingly meshed with the worm wheel, one end of the worm wheel is provided with a driving wheel which is correspondingly in transmission connection with the worm through a transmission shaft, the shaft body of the transmission shaft is provided with an electronic clutch IV, and the transmission ratio between the driving wheel and the transmission shaft is correspondingly consistent with the transmission ratio between the worm wheel and the worm.
Preferably, the braking mechanism is an electronic braking device.
Preferably, the vertical shaft impeller is driven by wind energy, the electronic clutch I is closed, the vertical shaft impeller drives the spring energy accumulator, and the spring energy accumulator stores certain mechanical energy and then the electronic clutch I is disconnected, so that the vertical shaft impeller freely rotates; the spring energy accumulator transmits power to an automatic reversing speed changer, and the automatic reversing speed changer drives the transfer case;
an output shaft of the transfer case drives the slewing bearing, so that the hollow rotating shaft drives the mounting frame to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing, and the hollow rotating shaft drives the mounting frame to reversely reset through reversing of the automatic reversing transmission;
the other output shaft of the transfer case drives a screw nut mechanism, the screw nut mechanism drives a sliding block, and the sliding block drives a connecting rod to move along a slot of a hollow rotating shaft, so that the installation frame automatically adjusts the inclination angle, and the solar energy can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel;
setting an initial position of the mounting frame when the photovoltaic panel is used, so that sunlight in the morning can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel; the electronic clutch I, the automatic reversing transmission, the braking mechanism, the electronic clutch II and the electronic clutch III are controlled by the controller.
Preferably, a rotating program is set through a controller according to sunrise and sunset time, so that the hollow rotating shaft drives the mounting frame to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing according to the east-west sunset time track of the sun, and the automatic reversing speed changer reverses after the sun falls, so that the hollow rotating shaft drives the mounting frame to reversely reset; and simultaneously, according to the change of the latitude of the sun in four seasons, an inclination angle adjusting program is set, so that the screw nut mechanism drives the sliding block, the sliding block drives the connecting rod to move along the groove of the hollow rotating shaft, and the inclination angle of the mounting frame is adjusted.
Preferably, a light following device is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame, the light following device transmits light intensity signals to the controller, and the controller controls the hollow rotating shaft to rotate according to the light track and controls the screw nut mechanism to adjust the inclination angle of the mounting frame.
Preferably, the light following device feeds back a light condition signal to the controller every 5-10 minutes, and the controller compares the light condition after receiving the signal every 4-5 times to judge the rotation angle of the hollow rotating shaft and the inclination angle adjustment angle of the mounting frame.
Preferably, the slotted position cover of the hollow rotating shaft is provided with a dust cover.
Preferably, a rotary encoder or an angle sensor is arranged between the slewing bearing and the fixed base.
Preferably, a displacement sensor is arranged at the bottom of the sliding block.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the photovoltaic device capable of realizing angular self-adjustment and the adjusting method thereof disclosed by the invention, wind energy is utilized to drive the vertical shaft impeller, the vertical shaft impeller drives the clockwork spring energy accumulator to store energy, and the clockwork spring energy accumulator is used as a driving device to drive the mounting frame to carry out light tracking adjustment after storing energy, so that the power generation loss of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively reduced; the mounting frame does not need to be adjusted in real time, so that the spring energy accumulator can store energy fully in a large wind power environment at night, and the requirement of kinetic energy consumed by the light-following adjustment of the mounting frame in the daytime is met;
in addition, the brake mechanism comprises a worm wheel which is correspondingly and coaxially connected with the output shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator in a fastening way, and a worm which is correspondingly meshed with the worm wheel, when the electric clutch IV is disconnected through the controller when the electric bicycle is required to be braked, the electric clutch IV is closed through the controller according to the worm wheel and worm self-locking principle, the transmission wheel drives the transmission shaft to further drive the worm, and the worm is matched with the worm wheel in a transmission way, so that the output shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator can realize power output, and the electric energy consumption can be further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic power transfer diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a brake mechanism;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a photovoltaic panel; 2. a vertical axis impeller; 3. a spring accumulator; 4. a hollow rotating shaft; 5. a mounting frame; 6. a fixed base; 7. a slewing bearing; 8. an automatic reversing transmission; 9. a transfer case; 10. an electronic clutch I; 11. an electronic clutch II; 12. an electronic clutch III; 13. a slide block; 14. a brake mechanism; 14-1, worm gear; 14-2, a worm; 14-3, a driving wheel; 14-4, a transmission shaft; 14-5, an electronic clutch IV; 15. a light tracking device; 16. and a connecting rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in detail by the following examples, and the purpose of the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention, and in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., only correspond to the drawings of the present application, and in order to facilitate description of the present invention, it is not necessary to indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to has a specific orientation.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 4 by the following examples;
embodiment one:
a photovoltaic device capable of realizing angular self-adjustment and an adjusting method thereof comprise a photovoltaic panel 1, a vertical shaft impeller 2, a spring energy accumulator 3, an automatic reversing transmission 8 and a transfer case 9; the device also comprises a hollow rotating shaft 4, a mounting rack 5 and a fixed base 6;
the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft 4 is correspondingly and rotatably connected with the top of the fixed base 6 through a slewing bearing 7, the top of the hollow rotating shaft 4 is provided with a clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 and a vertical shaft impeller 2 for driving the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 to store energy through wind energy, the vertical shaft impeller 2 is correspondingly and drivingly connected with an input shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 through an electronic clutch I10, and an output shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 is provided with a brake mechanism 14; the braking mechanism 14 is an electronic braking device according to the requirement, namely, the electronic braking device can be closed in the process of accumulating energy of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3, so that the output of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 is limited;
or the brake mechanism 14 comprises a worm wheel 14-1 which is correspondingly and coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator 3, and a worm 14-2 which is correspondingly meshed with the worm wheel 14-1, one end of the worm wheel 14-1 is provided with a driving wheel 14-3, the driving wheel 14-3 is correspondingly and drivingly connected with the worm 14-2 through a driving shaft 14-4, the shaft body of the driving shaft 14-4 is provided with an electronic clutch IV 14-5, the transmission ratio between the driving wheel 14-3 and the driving shaft 14-4 is correspondingly consistent with the transmission ratio between the worm wheel 14-1 and the worm 14-2, namely, when braking is needed, the electronic clutch IV 14-5 can be disconnected through a controller, braking is realized by utilizing the worm wheel and worm self-locking principle, when power output is needed, the driving wheel 14-3 drives the driving shaft 14-4 and further drives the worm 14-2, and the worm 14-2 is in driving fit with the worm wheel 14-1, namely, the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator 3 can realize power output;
an automatic reversing speed changer 8 with an input shaft in corresponding transmission connection with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator 3 is arranged at the inner top of the hollow rotating shaft 4, and a transfer case 9 with two output shafts is connected with the output shaft of the automatic reversing speed changer 8 in a transmission manner; an output shaft of the transfer case 9 is in corresponding transmission connection with the slewing bearing 7 through an electronic clutch II 11;
a vertical screw nut mechanism is arranged at the bottom in the hollow rotating shaft 4, and a screw of the screw nut mechanism is correspondingly in transmission connection with the other output shaft of the transfer case 9 through an electronic clutch III 12; a slot is arranged on one side of the hollow rotating shaft 4 corresponding to the screw nut mechanism, and a sliding block 13 which is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the screw nut mechanism nut is connected in a sliding manner in the slot; according to the requirement, a dust cover is covered at the slotting position of the hollow rotating shaft 4, so that the phenomenon that foreign matters enter the hollow rotating shaft 4 to cause accidental clamping of a screw nut mechanism or a slewing bearing 7 can be effectively avoided;
one side of the hollow rotating shaft 4 corresponding to the sliding block 13 is provided with a mounting frame 5 for mounting the photovoltaic panel 1, the top of the mounting frame 5 is correspondingly hinged with the top of the rod body of the hollow rotating shaft 4, the middle part of the mounting frame 5 is hinged with a connecting rod 16, and the other end of the connecting rod 16 is correspondingly hinged with the sliding block 13;
setting an initial position of the mounting frame 5 when in use, so that sunlight in the morning can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel 1; the vertical shaft impeller 2 is driven by wind energy, the electronic clutch I10 is closed, the vertical shaft impeller 2 drives the spring energy accumulator 3, and the spring energy accumulator 3 stores certain mechanical energy and then the electronic clutch I10 is disconnected, so that the vertical shaft impeller 2 rotates freely; the spring energy accumulator 3 transmits power to the automatic reversing speed changer 8, and the automatic reversing speed changer 8 drives the transfer case 9;
an output shaft of the transfer case 9 drives the slewing bearing 7, so that the hollow rotating shaft 4 drives the mounting frame 5 to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing 7, and the hollow rotating shaft 4 drives the mounting frame 5 to reversely reset through reversing of the automatic reversing transmission 8;
the other output shaft of the transfer case 9 drives a screw nut mechanism, the screw nut mechanism drives a sliding block 13, and the sliding block 13 drives a connecting rod 16 to move along a slot of the hollow rotating shaft 4, so that the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5 is automatically adjusted, and the solar energy can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel 1;
the electronic clutch I10, the automatic reversing transmission 8, the brake mechanism 14, the electronic clutch II 11 and the electronic clutch III 12 are controlled by the controller; setting a rotating program through a controller according to sunrise and sunset time, so that the hollow rotating shaft 4 drives the mounting frame 5 to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing 7 according to the east-west sunset time track of the sun, and the automatic reversing transmission 8 reverses after the sun falls, so that the hollow rotating shaft 4 drives the mounting frame 5 to reversely reset; simultaneously, according to the change of the sun from four seasons to four seasons, an inclination angle adjusting program is set, so that a screw nut mechanism drives a sliding block 13, the sliding block 13 drives a connecting rod 16 to move along a groove of a hollow rotating shaft 4, the inclination angle of a mounting frame 5 is adjusted, when the sun changes to the high latitude in seasons, the sliding block 13 is lifted along the groove of the hollow rotating shaft 4, the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5 is increased along with the lifting of the lifting, and otherwise, the sliding block 13 is lowered along the groove of the hollow rotating shaft 4, so that the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5 is reduced along with the lifting; in addition, a rotary encoder or an angle sensor which is in signal connection with the controller is arranged between the slewing bearing 7 and the fixed base 6, namely, the rotation angle of the hollow rotating shaft 4 can be detected in real time through the rotary encoder or the angle sensor; the bottom of the sliding block 13 is provided with a displacement sensor which is in signal connection with the controller, the height position of the sliding block 13 can be judged through the displacement sensor, the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5 is measured and calculated, and the automatic accurate light following of the photovoltaic panel 1 driven by the mounting frame 5 is realized.
Embodiment two:
a photovoltaic device capable of realizing angular self-adjustment and an adjusting method thereof comprise a photovoltaic panel 1, a vertical shaft impeller 2, a spring energy accumulator 3, an automatic reversing transmission 8 and a transfer case 9; the device also comprises a hollow rotating shaft 4, a mounting rack 5 and a fixed base 6;
the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft 4 is correspondingly and rotatably connected with the top of the fixed base 6 through a slewing bearing 7, the top of the hollow rotating shaft 4 is provided with a clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 and a vertical shaft impeller 2 for driving the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 to store energy through wind energy, the vertical shaft impeller 2 is correspondingly and drivingly connected with an input shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 through an electronic clutch I10, and an output shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 is provided with a brake mechanism 14; the braking mechanism 14 is an electronic braking device according to the requirement, namely, the electronic braking device can be closed in the process of accumulating energy of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3, so that the output of the clockwork spring energy accumulator 3 is limited;
or the brake mechanism 14 comprises a worm wheel 14-1 which is correspondingly and coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator 3, and a worm 14-2 which is correspondingly meshed with the worm wheel 14-1, one end of the worm wheel 14-1 is provided with a driving wheel 14-3, the driving wheel 14-3 is correspondingly and drivingly connected with the worm 14-2 through a driving shaft 14-4, the shaft body of the driving shaft 14-4 is provided with an electronic clutch IV 14-5, the transmission ratio between the driving wheel 14-3 and the driving shaft 14-4 is correspondingly consistent with the transmission ratio between the worm wheel 14-1 and the worm 14-2, namely, when braking is needed, the electronic clutch IV 14-5 can be disconnected through a controller, braking is realized by utilizing the worm wheel and worm self-locking principle, when power output is needed, the driving wheel 14-3 drives the driving shaft 14-4 and further drives the worm 14-2, and the worm 14-2 is in driving fit with the worm wheel 14-1, namely, the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator 3 can realize power output;
an automatic reversing speed changer 8 with an input shaft in corresponding transmission connection with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator 3 is arranged at the inner top of the hollow rotating shaft 4, and a transfer case 9 with two output shafts is connected with the output shaft of the automatic reversing speed changer 8 in a transmission manner; an output shaft of the transfer case 9 is in corresponding transmission connection with the slewing bearing 7 through an electronic clutch II 11;
a vertical screw nut mechanism is arranged at the bottom in the hollow rotating shaft 4, and a screw of the screw nut mechanism is correspondingly in transmission connection with the other output shaft of the transfer case 9 through an electronic clutch III 12; a slot is arranged on one side of the hollow rotating shaft 4 corresponding to the screw nut mechanism, and a sliding block 13 which is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the screw nut mechanism nut is connected in a sliding manner in the slot; according to the requirement, a dust cover is covered at the slotting position of the hollow rotating shaft 4, so that the phenomenon that foreign matters enter the hollow rotating shaft 4 to cause accidental clamping of a screw nut mechanism or a slewing bearing 7 can be effectively avoided;
one side of the hollow rotating shaft 4 corresponding to the sliding block 13 is provided with a mounting frame 5 for mounting the photovoltaic panel 1, the top of the mounting frame 5 is correspondingly hinged with the top of the rod body of the hollow rotating shaft 4, the middle part of the mounting frame 5 is hinged with a connecting rod 16, and the other end of the connecting rod 16 is correspondingly hinged with the sliding block 13;
setting an initial position of the mounting frame 5 when in use, so that sunlight in the morning can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel 1; the vertical shaft impeller 2 is driven by wind energy, the electronic clutch I10 is closed, the vertical shaft impeller 2 drives the spring energy accumulator 3, and the spring energy accumulator 3 stores certain mechanical energy and then the electronic clutch I10 is disconnected, so that the vertical shaft impeller 2 rotates freely; the spring energy accumulator 3 transmits power to the automatic reversing speed changer 8, and the automatic reversing speed changer 8 drives the transfer case 9;
an output shaft of the transfer case 9 drives the slewing bearing 7, so that the hollow rotating shaft 4 drives the mounting frame 5 to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing 7, and the hollow rotating shaft 4 drives the mounting frame 5 to reversely reset through reversing of the automatic reversing transmission 8;
the other output shaft of the transfer case 9 drives a screw nut mechanism, the screw nut mechanism drives a sliding block 13, and the sliding block 13 drives a connecting rod 16 to move along a slot of the hollow rotating shaft 4, so that the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5 is automatically adjusted, and the solar energy can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel 1;
the electronic clutch I10, the automatic reversing transmission 8, the brake mechanism 14, the electronic clutch II 11 and the electronic clutch III 12 are controlled by the controller; the bottom of the mounting frame 5 is provided with a light following device 15, the light following device 15 transmits light intensity signals to the controller, and the controller controls the hollow rotating shaft 4 to rotate according to the light track and controls the screw nut mechanism to adjust the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5, so that sunlight can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel 1; according to the requirements, the light-following device 15 feeds back a light condition signal to the controller every 5-10 minutes, the controller compares the light conditions after receiving the signal for 4-5 times, and judges the rotation angle of the hollow rotating shaft 4 and the inclination angle adjustment angle of the mounting frame 5, so that the light-following device 15 is prevented from judging abnormality due to short-time shielding of sunlight by cloud layers; in addition, a rotary encoder or an angle sensor which is in signal connection with the controller is arranged between the slewing bearing 7 and the fixed base 6, namely, the rotation angle of the hollow rotating shaft 4 can be detected in real time through the rotary encoder or the angle sensor; the bottom of the sliding block 13 is provided with a displacement sensor which is in signal connection with the controller, the height position of the sliding block 13 can be judged through the displacement sensor, the inclination angle of the mounting frame 5 is measured and calculated, and the automatic accurate light following of the photovoltaic panel 1 driven by the mounting frame 5 is realized.
The invention has not been described in detail in the prior art, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A photovoltaic device capable of automatically adjusting angles comprises a photovoltaic plate (1), a vertical shaft impeller (2), a spring energy accumulator (3), an automatic reversing transmission (8) and a transfer case (9); the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a hollow rotating shaft (4), a mounting rack (5) and a fixed base (6);
the bottom of the hollow rotating shaft (4) is correspondingly and rotatably connected with the top of the fixed base (6) through a slewing bearing (7), a clockwork spring energy accumulator (3) is arranged at the top of the hollow rotating shaft (4), and a vertical shaft impeller (2) for driving the clockwork spring energy accumulator (3) to store energy through wind energy, the vertical shaft impeller (2) is correspondingly and rotatably connected with an input shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator (3) through an electronic clutch I (10), and a brake mechanism (14) is arranged on an output shaft of the clockwork spring energy accumulator (3);
an automatic reversing speed changer (8) with an input shaft in corresponding transmission connection with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator (3) is arranged at the inner top of the hollow rotating shaft (4), and a transfer case (9) with two output shafts is connected with the output shaft of the automatic reversing speed changer (8) in transmission connection; an output shaft of the transfer case (9) is correspondingly in transmission connection with the slewing bearing (7) through an electronic clutch II (11);
a vertical screw nut mechanism is arranged at the bottom in the hollow rotating shaft (4), and a screw of the screw nut mechanism is correspondingly in transmission connection with the other output shaft of the transfer case (9) through an electronic clutch III (12); a slot is arranged on one side of the hollow rotating shaft (4) corresponding to the screw nut mechanism, and a sliding block (13) which is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the screw nut mechanism nut is connected in a sliding manner in the slot;
one side of the hollow rotating shaft (4) corresponding to the sliding block (13) is provided with a mounting frame (5) for mounting the photovoltaic panel (1), the top of the mounting frame (5) is correspondingly hinged with the top of the rod body of the hollow rotating shaft (4), the middle part of the mounting frame (5) is hinged with a connecting rod (16), and the other end of the connecting rod (16) is correspondingly hinged with the sliding block (13);
the brake mechanism (14) comprises a worm wheel (14-1) which is correspondingly and coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the spring energy accumulator (3), and a worm (14-2) which is correspondingly meshed with the worm wheel (14-1), one end of the worm wheel (14-1) is provided with a driving wheel (14-3), the driving wheel (14-3) is correspondingly and drivingly connected with the worm (14-2) through a driving shaft (14-4), the shaft body of the driving shaft (14-4) is provided with an electronic clutch IV (14-5), and the transmission ratio between the driving wheel (14-3) and the driving shaft (14-4) is correspondingly consistent with the transmission ratio between the worm wheel (14-1) and the worm (14-2).
2. A method of conditioning an angularly self-adjustable photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical shaft impeller (2) is driven by wind energy, the electronic clutch I (10) is closed, the vertical shaft impeller (2) drives the spring energy accumulator (3), and the spring energy accumulator (3) stores certain mechanical energy to disconnect the electronic clutch I (10), so that the vertical shaft impeller (2) rotates freely; the spring energy accumulator (3) transmits power to the automatic reversing speed changer (8), and the automatic reversing speed changer (8) drives the transfer case (9);
an output shaft of the transfer case (9) drives the slewing bearing (7), so that the hollow rotating shaft (4) drives the mounting frame (5) to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing (7), and the hollow rotating shaft (4) drives the mounting frame (5) to reversely reset through reversing of the automatic reversing transmission (8);
the other output shaft of the transfer case (9) drives a screw nut mechanism, the screw nut mechanism drives a sliding block (13), and the sliding block (13) drives a connecting rod (16) to move along a groove of the hollow rotating shaft (4), so that the installation frame (5) automatically adjusts the inclination angle, and the solar energy can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel (1);
setting an initial position of the mounting frame (5) when the photovoltaic panel is used, so that sunlight in the morning can effectively irradiate the photovoltaic panel (1); the electronic clutch I (10), the automatic reversing transmission (8), the brake mechanism (14), the electronic clutch II (11) and the electronic clutch III (12) are controlled by the controller.
3. A method of conditioning an angularly self-adjustable photovoltaic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: setting a rotating program through a controller according to sunrise and sunset time, so that the hollow rotating shaft (4) drives the mounting frame (5) to rotate along the axis of the slewing bearing (7) according to the east-west sunset time track of the sun, and the automatic reversing transmission (8) reverses after the sun falls off the mountain, so that the hollow rotating shaft (4) drives the mounting frame (5) to reversely reset; meanwhile, according to the change of the latitude of the sun in four seasons, an inclination angle adjusting program is set, so that the screw nut mechanism drives the sliding block (13), the sliding block (13) drives the connecting rod (16) to move along the slotting of the hollow rotating shaft (4), and the inclination angle of the mounting frame (5) is adjusted.
4. A method of conditioning an angularly self-adjustable photovoltaic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom of mounting bracket (5) is equipped with and follows the spot ware (15), follows the spot ware (15) and gives the controller with the strong and weak signal transmission of light, and the hollow pivot (4) rotation of controller control according to the light orbit to and control screw nut mechanism adjustment mounting bracket (5) inclination.
5. The method of adjusting an angularly self-adjusting photovoltaic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the light tracking device (15) feeds back a light condition signal to the controller every 10-15 minutes, the controller compares the light conditions after receiving the signal for 3 times, and the rotation angle of the hollow rotating shaft (4) and the inclination angle adjustment angle of the mounting frame (5) are judged.
6. The diagonally self-regulating photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein: the slotted position cover of the hollow rotating shaft (4) is provided with a dust cover.
7. The diagonally self-regulating photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein: a rotary encoder or an angle sensor is arranged between the slewing bearing (7) and the fixed base (6).
8. The diagonally self-regulating photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein: and a displacement sensor is arranged at the bottom of the sliding block (13).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110700998A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-17 | 吉林建筑科技学院 | Sun tracking type wind-solar complementary building power supply device |
| CN110829964A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-21 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Solar automatic light tracking device and light tracking method based on user mobile device positioning |
| CN212392834U (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-01-22 | 广西圣井新能源科技有限公司 | Tracking type wind-solar hybrid power generation device |
| CN113074085A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-06 | 国网江西省电力有限公司供电服务管理中心 | Wind-solar hybrid power generation device based on high-efficiency conversion |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110700998A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-17 | 吉林建筑科技学院 | Sun tracking type wind-solar complementary building power supply device |
| CN110829964A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-21 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Solar automatic light tracking device and light tracking method based on user mobile device positioning |
| CN212392834U (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-01-22 | 广西圣井新能源科技有限公司 | Tracking type wind-solar hybrid power generation device |
| CN113074085A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-06 | 国网江西省电力有限公司供电服务管理中心 | Wind-solar hybrid power generation device based on high-efficiency conversion |
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