CN113992051A - Power supply device based on common-mode voltage of motor driving circuit - Google Patents

Power supply device based on common-mode voltage of motor driving circuit Download PDF

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CN113992051A
CN113992051A CN202111227683.0A CN202111227683A CN113992051A CN 113992051 A CN113992051 A CN 113992051A CN 202111227683 A CN202111227683 A CN 202111227683A CN 113992051 A CN113992051 A CN 113992051A
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common
motor
mode voltage
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power
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CN113992051B (en
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刘自程
樊隆源
蒋栋
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply device based on common-mode voltage of a motor driving circuit, which is based on the idea of utilizing common-mode voltage energy, analyzes factors influencing the carrying capacity of the common-mode voltage, realizes impedance matching between a neutral point of a motor and a load through serially connecting a compensation capacitor, generates serial resonance with equivalent inductance in a loop, and can effectively improve the power transmission capacity of the common-mode voltage to the load side. Compared with the traditional processing mode of inhibiting the common-mode voltage, the method has the advantages that the energy of the switch subharmonic at the neutral point of the motor, namely the energy of the common-mode voltage at the neutral point, is better utilized. Compared with a mode of directly utilizing the common-mode voltage to supply power to the encoder, the power transmission capability of the common-mode voltage is improved, the problem of insufficient power of a common-mode power-taking scheme is solved, and the mode of utilizing the common-mode voltage to supply power to a high-power load is possible.

Description

Power supply device based on common-mode voltage of motor driving circuit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motors and drive control, and particularly relates to a power supply device based on common-mode voltage of a motor drive circuit.
Background
In a single-ended motor system driven by a PWM inverter, a common mode voltage, which is mainly based on the PWM switching frequency, is generated at the neutral point of the stator winding of the motor. As is known from the principle of fourier transform and the angle of energy conservation, the operation of the motor itself uses the energy in the fundamental frequency band of the modulated wave, and the harmonics of the switching frequency are present in the neutral point of the stator winding as a common mode voltage and cannot be used by the motor. The common mode voltage with high frequency and high amplitude brings many damages to the motor, and shaft current and leakage current are generated in the motor bearing to damage the bearing.
Compared with the idea of suppressing the common mode voltage, chinese patent publication No. CN111865000A discloses a method for supplying power to a motor encoder by using the common mode voltage energy of a motor, in which the common mode voltage is first improved by a carrier phase shift software control technique, and then is changed to a proper voltage by a rectifier and a DC-DC circuit. The method provided by the patent effectively utilizes the energy of the common mode voltage and produces practical application. However, in the common mode power supply circuit, there are an equivalent ac resistance and an equivalent inductance. The frequency of the common mode voltage is up to kilohertz, so that the winding of the motor winding is influenced by the skin effect to present a high impedance state, and the inductive reactance in the circuit is proportional to the frequency, and the high frequency excitation causes a large inductive reactance in the circuit. When current flows through the loop, a large voltage drop is generated on the equivalent resistance and the inductance, which limits the power flowing to the load, and causes the common-mode voltage to have low carrying capacity, so that the application of the common-mode voltage is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a power supply device based on a common-mode voltage of a motor driving circuit, so as to solve the technical problem of insufficient power of a common-mode voltage power-taking scheme.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply device based on a common mode voltage of a motor driving circuit, including: PWM inverter and motor, the motor is driven by the PWM inverter, its characterized in that still includes: and the compensation capacitor is connected between the motor neutral point and an external load in series, the capacitor is used for generating series resonance with equivalent inductance in a motor winding, and the common-mode voltage of the motor neutral point is used for supplying power to the external load.
Preferably, the capacitance value of the capacitor is
Figure BDA0003314769080000021
Wherein, ω is the angular frequency of the carrier in the PWM frequency conversion control, and L is the inductance in the common mode equivalent circuit.
Preferably, the capacitor is a resonant capacitor.
Preferably, the input end of the motor winding adopts a star connection mode.
Preferably, a compensation capacitor is connected between one end of the load and the neutral point of the motor in series, and the other end of the load is grounded.
Preferably, the number of phases n of the motor is greater than or equal to 3.
Preferably, the common-mode voltage V of the neutral point of the electric machinecmWith n-th phase arm voltage VnThe following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003314769080000022
wherein n is the phase number of the motor, and n is more than or equal to 3.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply method comprising: series resonance occurs between a capacitor connected in series between a neutral point of the motor and an external load and an equivalent inductor in a winding of the motor; the external load is supplied with a common mode voltage of the motor neutral point.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the power supply device based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit analyzes factors influencing the carrying capacity of the common-mode voltage based on the idea of utilizing the energy of the common-mode voltage, and compensates the reactive power in the inductor, namely compensates the reactive power in the power supply loop by serially connecting the compensation capacitor between the neutral point of the motor and the load, wherein the impedance matching between the compensation capacitor and the equivalent inductor in the loop is realized, and the series resonance is generated, so that the power transmission capacity of the common-mode voltage is improved, namely the power transmission capacity of the common-mode voltage to the load side can be effectively improved. Compared with the traditional processing mode of inhibiting the common-mode voltage, the method has the advantages that the energy of the switch subharmonic at the neutral point of the motor, namely the energy of the common-mode voltage at the neutral point, is better utilized.
2. Compared with a mode of directly utilizing the common-mode voltage to supply power to the encoder, the power supply device based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit improves the power transmission capability of the common-mode voltage, solves the problem of insufficient power of a common-mode power-taking scheme, and makes the power supply of a high-power load possible by utilizing the common-mode voltage.
3. The power supply device based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit is simple in structure and easy to popularize, the structure and the control strategy of the motor do not need to be changed, the series capacitors reduce the dependence on the winding parameters of the motor in power transmission, the power supply device can be used for improving the common-mode voltage carrying capacity of the motors with different models of parameters, and the power supply device has strong popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply device based on a common-mode voltage of a motor driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a voltage waveform diagram of a common mode voltage of a neutral point of an inverter-driven three-phase motor system provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a Thevenin equivalent circuit of a common mode loop provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of experimental parameters provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a waveform of an experiment when no capacitors are connected in series;
fig. 6 is an experimental waveform diagram of the series capacitance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply device based on a common-mode voltage of a motor driving circuit, as shown in fig. 1, including: the motor is driven by the PWM inverter; further comprising: and the compensation capacitor is connected between the motor neutral point and an external load in series, the capacitor is used for generating series resonance with equivalent inductance in a motor winding, and the common-mode voltage of the motor neutral point is used for supplying power to the external load.
Furthermore, a compensation capacitor is connected between one end of the load and a neutral point of the motor in series, and the other end of the load is grounded.
Specifically, a compensation capacitor is connected between one end of a load and a neutral point of the motor in series, and the capacitor and an equivalent inductor in a motor winding are in series resonance; the other end of the load is grounded.
The compensation capacitor is used for generating series resonance with equivalent inductance in a motor winding to compensate reactive power in a power supply loop, so that the transmission capability of common-mode voltage power is improved; the common mode voltage of the motor neutral supplies the external load. By connecting the compensation capacitor in series between the neutral point of the motor and the load and adjusting the capacitance value of the compensation capacitor, the compensation capacitor and the equivalent inductor in the motor winding generate series resonance, thereby improving the output voltage at two ends of the load. That is, the capacitor and the equivalent inductor in the loop realize impedance matching, and series resonance occurs, so that the power transmission capability of the common-mode voltage to the load side is improved.
Further, the capacitor is a resonance capacitor.
Specifically, the capacitor connected in series is a resonant capacitor, which has good high-frequency characteristics and a high withstand voltage value, so that series resonance can occur with an equivalent inductor in a motor winding.
Furthermore, the input end of the motor winding adopts a star connection mode.
Furthermore, the number n of the phases of the motor is more than or equal to 3.
Further, the common mode voltage V of the neutral point of the motorcmThe bridge arm voltage of the nth phase meets the following relational expression:
Figure BDA0003314769080000051
wherein n is the phase number of the motor, and n is more than or equal to 3.
Further, the capacitance value of the capacitor is
Figure BDA0003314769080000052
Wherein, ω is the angular frequency of the carrier in the PWM frequency conversion control, and L is the inductance in the common mode equivalent circuit.
Furthermore, the size of L is one n of the inductance of each phase of the motor, and n is the number of the motor phases.
Specifically, when the capacitance value of the capacitor is
Figure BDA0003314769080000053
When the circuit is used, the maximum power transmission of the common-mode voltage can be realized.
Taking the three-phase voltage source PWM inverter driving system of fig. 1 as an example, when the stator windings are connected in a star shape, the common mode voltage exists at the neutral point, and the expression is:
Figure BDA0003314769080000054
because each switching tube has two states of 'on' and 'off' and the switch states of the same bridge arm are complementary, eight circuit states are totally used in the operation of the motor, and the corresponding common-mode voltage has +/-V dc2 and. + -. VdcAnd/6 four states, common mode voltage waveform as shown in FIG. 2.
The expression after Fourier decomposition of the common-mode voltage is as follows:
Figure BDA0003314769080000055
wherein VdcIs the DC bus voltage, M is the modulation, ω0Is modulating the angular frequency of the wave, omegacIs the carrier angular frequency, JnIs a bessel function.
The largest frequency component of the common-mode voltage occurs at m 1, n 0, i.e. one switching frequency, the coefficients in this equation
Figure BDA0003314769080000056
All obtain the maximum value and the amplitude is
Figure BDA0003314769080000057
The most dominant frequency component of the common mode voltage. To simplify the analysis, this one-time switching frequency component is used as an "excitation source" of the common mode loop, and is applied to the following quantitative calculation.
In order to analyze the maximum power which can be accepted by the equivalent load, Thevenin equivalent is carried out on the common mode loop to carry out circuit simplification, eight circuit states correspond to eight Thevenin equivalent circuits, but all the eight circuit states have common points and can be combined into one circuit, and a combined common mode loop Thevenin equivalent circuit is shown in figure 3.
Wherein, VcmIs a common mode voltage; r0The stator winding alternating current equivalent resistance is one third of the stator winding alternating current resistance R of each phase; x0The equivalent reactance of the stator winding is one third of the reactance X of the stator winding of each phase; xcFor series compensation of capacitive reactance of capacitor, RLIs an equivalent load, which is considered to be purely resistive for simplifying the analysis.
In FIG. 3, the equivalent inductive reactance X0＝2πfL0And f is the common mode voltage frequency. Because the common mode voltage frequency and the switching frequency are in the same order of magnitude and can reach thousands of hertz, the equivalent inductive reactance value is very large, the equivalent inductance has larger voltage drop and reactive power, and the power output of the tail end is limited. Therefore, the invention provides a method for serially connecting a compensation capacitor in a circuit to compensate the reactive power in the equivalent inductor and improve the power output of a load side. Setting the capacitance reactance of the compensation capacitor as XcAnd is provided with
Figure BDA0003314769080000061
The common-mode voltage one-time switching frequency is taken as a source for analysis, the common-mode voltage component at the moment is adopted for calculation, in fact, due to the fact that resonance occurs between the added series capacitor and the inductor, the circuit has selectivity on the one-time switching frequency, and most of high-time switching frequency and sideband harmonic components are filtered.
By circuit theory, the effective value of the common mode loop current is:
Figure BDA0003314769080000062
the load power at this time is:
Figure BDA0003314769080000063
based on the impedance matching principle, when X0+XcWhen the value is equal to 0
Figure BDA0003314769080000064
RL＝R0Then, the load gets maximum power:
Figure BDA0003314769080000071
the same is easy to obtain when there is no capacitance compensation in the circuit, i.e. XcWhen the maximum power of the load is 0, the maximum power of the load at two ends is as follows:
Figure BDA0003314769080000072
compared with no capacitance compensation, the power boost is original
Figure BDA0003314769080000073
And (4) doubling.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the power supply device based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit, a Siemens three-phase motor is selected for an experiment. The experimental parameters are shown in fig. 4.
Under the same experimental conditions, fig. 5 shows the voltage-current waveform across the load when the neutral point does not have a series capacitance, and the power at this time can be calculated to be about 1.5W.
Fig. 6 shows the voltage current at both ends of the load and the voltage waveform at both ends of the capacitor after the capacitor is connected in series with the neutral point, and it can be seen that the circuit resonates at this time, the voltage current is in a sine wave form, the voltage at both ends of the load is significantly increased, and the load power is 7.4W at this time, which is nearly 5 times of the original power output.
The power supply device based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit can realize the maximum utilization of the common-mode voltage energy, overcomes the problem of insufficient power of a common-mode power-taking scheme, and can realize nearly five times of power output of the original scheme after capacitors are connected in series in the verification experiment; meanwhile, the influence of the winding parameters of the motor on the common-mode voltage power transmission is greatly eliminated, and the method is suitable for motors with different model parameters and has universality.
The invention provides a power supply method, which comprises the following steps: series resonance occurs between a capacitor connected in series between a neutral point of the motor and an external load and an equivalent inductor in a winding of the motor; the external load is supplied with a common mode voltage of the motor neutral point.
The power supply method provided by the invention can improve the power transmission capability of the common-mode voltage to the load side and better utilize the energy of the switch subharmonic at the neutral point of the motor.
Further, the motor is driven by a PWM inverter, and the input end of a motor winding is in star connection.
Further, the series capacitance is a resonant capacitance.
Further, when the capacitance value of the capacitor is equal to
Figure BDA0003314769080000081
And in the time, the circuit can realize the maximum power transmission of the common-mode voltage, wherein omega represents the angular frequency of a carrier in PWM frequency conversion control, L represents the inductance in the common-mode equivalent circuit, the magnitude of the inductance is one n of the inductance of each phase of the motor, n is the phase number of the motor, and n is more than or equal to 3.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A power supply device based on a common mode voltage of a motor drive circuit, comprising: PWM inverter and motor, the motor is driven by the PWM inverter, its characterized in that still includes: the compensation capacitor is connected in series between the neutral point of the motor and an external load and is used for generating series resonance with equivalent inductance in a motor winding; the common-mode voltage of the motor neutral is used to power an external load.
2. A power supply arrangement based on a common-mode voltage of a motor drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the capacitance of the capacitor is of a value
Figure FDA0003314769070000011
Wherein, ω is the angular frequency of the carrier in the PWM frequency conversion control, and L is the inductance in the common mode equivalent circuit.
3. A power supply device based on a common-mode voltage of a motor driving circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the capacitor is a resonance capacitor.
4. A power supply device based on a common-mode voltage of a motor driving circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the input end of the motor winding adopts a star connection mode.
5. The power supply apparatus based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a compensation capacitor is connected in series between one end of the load and a neutral point of the motor, and the other end is grounded.
6. The power supply device based on the common-mode voltage of the motor driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number n of phases of the motor is more than or equal to 3.
7. A supply arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or 6, based on a common-mode voltage of the motor drive circuits, characterized in that the common-mode voltage V of the motor neutral pointcmWith n-th phase arm voltage VnThe following relation is satisfied:
Figure FDA0003314769070000012
wherein n is the phase number of the motor, and n is more than or equal to 3.
8. A method of supplying power, comprising: series resonance occurs between a capacitor connected in series between a neutral point of the motor and an external load and an equivalent inductor in a winding of the motor; the external load is supplied with a common mode voltage of the motor neutral point.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109256871A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-22 国网四川雅安电力（集团）股份有限公司 A kind of wireless power circuit
CN110932533A (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-03-27 合肥工业大学 Topological high-frequency common-mode voltage suppression method for common-neutral open-winding motor control converter
CN111865000A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-30 华中科技大学 Motor encoder power supply method and system for getting power from neutral point of output end of frequency converter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109256871A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-22 国网四川雅安电力（集团）股份有限公司 A kind of wireless power circuit
CN110932533A (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-03-27 合肥工业大学 Topological high-frequency common-mode voltage suppression method for common-neutral open-winding motor control converter
CN111865000A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-30 华中科技大学 Motor encoder power supply method and system for getting power from neutral point of output end of frequency converter

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