CN113984429B

CN113984429B - Automatic biomass cutter on grassland sample plot

Info

Publication number: CN113984429B
Application number: CN202111215319.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张岩; 高云清; 侯扶江
Original assignee: Lanzhou University
Current assignee: Lanzhou University
Priority date: 2021-10-19
Filing date: 2021-10-19
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-19
Also published as: CN113984429A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic biomass cutter on a grassland sample land, which comprises a power box and sample boxes, wherein crawler wheels are arranged on two sides of the power box, the sample boxes are free of top surfaces and bottom surfaces, the front side surfaces of the sample boxes are plug-in type detachable baffles, screw rods are respectively arranged on inner bottom plates of two side walls of the sample boxes along the length direction of the bottom plates, the rear ends of the screw rods extend into the power box, driven wheels in chain transmission connection are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the two screw rods, and a driving wheel is arranged at the rear end of one screw rod; a servo motor in the power box drives the driving wheel to rotate through the driving wheel and the chain; the cutting knife is arranged below the power box bottom plate, the cutter bottom plate below the screw rod is provided with a sliding groove along the length direction of the screw rod, two sides of the cutting knife are provided with sliding blocks which are in sliding connection with the sliding groove, the sliding blocks are connected with movable bearing seats, and the movable bearing seats are sleeved on the screw rod. The automatic mowing machine can realize automatic mowing of grassland sample side biomass, and has the advantages of adjustable cutting speed, convenient operation, high working efficiency and small biomass statistical error.

Description

Automatic biomass cutter on grassland sample plot

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological measurement, and particularly relates to an automatic biomass cutter on a grassland sample plot.

Background

In grassland resource investigation, a sample method is generally used for measuring the biomass on the community floor. When the traditional sample method is used for collecting the aboveground biomass of a grassland community, scissors are adopted to cut all overground parts of plants in a unit area of sample squares in a cutting way, and then the method requires more manpower to cooperatively collect the biomass, so that the collection efficiency is low, and particularly when the overground biomass in a plurality of sample squares is required to be collected, the sampling is time-consuming and labor-consuming; when the scissors are used for mowing plants, the mowing is uneven, some biomass is easy to fall down, statistical biomass loss is caused, and errors of measurement results are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the shortcomings identified in the background art, the present invention provides an automatic biomass cutter on a grassland sample plot, which aims to solve the problems of the prior art in the background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a biomass automatic cutter on grassland sample side, includes power box and sample square frame, and the sample square frame is located the place ahead of power box, and the trailing flank of sample square frame is connected with the power box front end, and the both sides of power box are equipped with the athey wheel, and the athey wheel passes through the inside motor drive of power box, the sample square frame is the rectangle frame of no top surface and bottom surface, and the leading flank of sample square frame adopts the removable baffle of plug-in type, and the both sides wall of sample square frame has certain thickness and lateral wall cavity, is equipped with the lead screw on the both sides wall inner bottom plate of sample square frame along bottom plate length direction respectively, and the rear end of lead screw extends to the power box inside; the automatic cutting device is characterized in that a servo motor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel are arranged in the power box, the servo motor is connected with the driving wheel through a speed reducer, the driving wheel is connected with the driving wheel through chain transmission, the driving wheel is arranged on one of the screw rods, the driven wheel connected through chain transmission is arranged on the two screw rods, a sliding groove is formed in the inner bottom plate of the side wall of the sample square frame below the screw rod and the bottom plate of the power box along the length direction of the screw rod, the sliding groove penetrates through the bottom plate to form a through groove structure, a cutting knife is arranged below the bottom plate of the power box, sliding blocks connected with the sliding grooves in a sliding mode are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife, and movable bearing seats are connected to the screw rods in a sleeved mode.

Preferably, the power box top surface is equipped with power button and touch-control screen, and the touch-control screen passes through electric signal connection with servo motor, be equipped with touch switch, start/pause key and cutting speed adjusting key on the touch-control screen, can adjust the cutting speed of cutting knife through cutting speed adjusting key, satisfy the collection of the sample side biomass of different types grasslands.

Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the chute are respectively provided with a limiting block for limiting the moving range of the cutting knife.

Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the screw rod are respectively fixed at the front end of the inner bottom plate of the side wall of the sample frame and the rear end of the bottom plate of the power box through a fixed bearing seat.

Preferably, the front ends of two side walls of the sample square frame are provided with vertical slots, two sides of the baffle are fixedly inserted through the insertion slots, the baffle can be taken down in the moving process of the cutter, the influence of the baffle on biomass in a grassland sample square collection area is avoided, and the baffle is installed when the biomass reaches a specific area for cutting and collecting, so that the complete sample square frame is formed.

Preferably, a connecting plate is welded at the bottom of the sliding block and is connected with the cutting knife through welding or bolts, so that stable movement of the cutting knife is ensured.

Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the automatic biomass cutter for the grassland sample sides provided by the invention can realize automatic mowing of the biomass of the grassland sample sides in a specific area, has a simple overall structure, is convenient to operate, meets the cutting and sampling requirements of different grasslands by adjusting the cutting speed of the cutting blade, can cut the grasslands automatically in a uniform manner, avoids the defects of uneven mowing and easiness in falling of the biomass in the traditional manual cutting process, reduces measurement errors, and greatly improves the working efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass automatic cutter on a grassland sample plot provided in an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an automatic biomass cutter on a grassland sample site with a front end of a sample block provided in the embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutter driving device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection between a cutting knife and a screw rod according to an embodiment.

In the figure: 1-a power box; 2-sample box; 3-crawler wheels; 4-a touch screen; 5-baffle plates; 6-a screw rod; 7-fixing a bearing seat; 8-inner bottom plate of side wall of sample square frame; 9-a power box bottom plate; 10-a servo motor; 11-a drive wheel; 12-a driving wheel; 13-driven wheel; 14-a chain; 15-a movable bearing seat; 16-a slider; 17-sliding grooves; 18-cutting knife; 19-connecting plates; 20-slot.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The external structure of the automatic biomass cutter on the grassland sample land is shown in fig. 1, the front part of the automatic biomass cutter is a sample frame 2, the rear part of the automatic biomass cutter is a power box 1, the rear side surface of the sample frame 2 is connected with the front end surface of the power box 1, crawler wheels 3 are arranged on two sides of the power box 1, the crawler wheels 3 are driven by a motor in the power box 1, the crawler wheels 3 run stably, and the damage degree to the grassland is small. The sample square frame 2 is a rectangular frame without a top surface and a bottom surface, and a common grassland sample square is 1 x 1, so that a sampling area of the sample square frame 2 can be designed into a common size, the front side surface of the sample square frame 2 adopts a plug-in type detachable baffle 5, vertical slots 20 are formed in the inner sides of the front ends of the two side walls of the sample square frame 2, the width of the slots 20 is matched with the thickness of the baffle 5, and the two side edges of the baffle 5 are fixedly plugged by inserting the slots 20.

The two side walls of the sample frame 2 have a certain thickness and the two side walls are hollow, so that the weight of the cutter can be reduced on one hand, and on the other hand, the screw rod 6 is arranged in the hollow inside of the two side walls of the sample frame 2, as shown in fig. 2-3, the length direction of the screw rod 6 is consistent with the length direction of the inner bottom plate 8 of the side wall of the sample frame, the rear end of the screw rod 6 extends into the power box 1, and the front end and the rear end of the screw rod 6 are respectively fixed at the front end of the inner bottom plate 8 of the side wall of the sample frame and the rear end of the bottom plate 9 of the power box through the fixed bearing seat 7, so that the screw rod 6 can only rotate through the fixed bearing seat 7.

The power box 1 is internally provided with a servo motor 10, a driving wheel 11, a driving wheel 12 and a driven wheel 13, wherein the servo motor 10 is connected with the driving wheel 11 through a speed reducer, one screw rod 6 is provided with the driving wheel 12, two screw rods 6 are respectively provided with the driven wheel 13, the driven wheels 13 on the two screw rods 6 are in transmission connection through a chain 14, the driving wheel 13 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 11 through the chain, the servo motor 10 enables the driving wheel 11 to rotate through the speed reducer, the driving wheel 11 drives the driving wheel 12 on the screw rod 6 to rotate through the chain, the driving wheel 12 drives the corresponding screw rod 6 to rotate, and meanwhile the driven wheel 13 drives the two screw rods 6 to rotate simultaneously in the same direction through the chain 14. A sliding groove 17 is formed in the inner bottom plate 8 of the side wall of the sample square frame below the two screw rods 6 and the bottom plate 8 of the power box along the length direction of the screw rods 6, and the sliding groove 17 penetrates through the bottom plate to form a through groove structure; the two screw rods 6 are respectively sleeved with a movable bearing seat 15, the bottom of the movable bearing seat 15 is provided with a sliding block 16, the sliding block 16 is slidably arranged on a sliding groove 17 and moves along the sliding groove 17, and the front end and the rear end of the sliding groove 17 are respectively provided with a limiting block for limiting the movement range of the movable bearing seat 15.

The cutting knife 18 is arranged below the power box bottom plate 9, the size of the cutting knife 18 is slightly larger than that of the sampling area of the sample square frame 2, connecting plates 19 are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife 18 through welding or bolts, the connecting plates 19 are welded at the bottoms of the sliding blocks 16, the cutting knife 18 is fixed below the screw rod 6 through the movable bearing seat 15, and when the screw rod 6 rotates, the movable bearing seat 15 moves back and forth along the screw rod 6 to drive the cutting knife 18 to reciprocate, so that stable movement of the cutting knife is ensured.

The power box 1 top surface is equipped with power button and touch screen 4, switches on the power of touch screen 4 through power button, and touch screen 4 passes through electrical signal connection with servo motor 10, is equipped with touch switch, start/pause key and cutting speed adjusting key on the touch screen 4, according to the grass and the growth condition in different grasslands, the cutting speed of adjustable cutting knife 18 can adjust the rotational speed of servo motor 10 output shaft through cutting speed adjusting key, and then adjusts the removal speed of cutting knife 18, prevents the loss of biomass, causes statistical error.

According to the automatic cutter, the baffle plate 5 can be removed in the walking process, biomass loss caused by the fact that the baffle plate 5 is scratched on a sampling area of a grassland is avoided, when the automatic cutter reaches a specific sampling area, the front end of the sampling frame 2 is inserted with the baffle plate 5 to form a complete rectangular frame, and then cutting and collecting of biomass on the grassland sampling area are carried out. Convenient to use, the biological statistics error is little, gathers efficiently.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The automatic biomass cutter for the grassland sample land comprises a power box and sample boxes, wherein the sample boxes are arranged in front of the power box, crawler wheels are arranged on two sides of the power box and driven by a motor in the power box, the sample boxes are free of top surfaces and bottom surfaces, the front side surfaces of the sample boxes are plug-in detachable baffles, two side walls of the sample boxes are provided with certain thickness and hollow side walls, screw rods are respectively arranged on inner bottom plates of the two side walls of the sample boxes along the length direction of the bottom plates, the rear ends of the screw rods extend into the power box, driven wheels in chain transmission connection are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the two screw rods, and a driving wheel is arranged at the rear end of one screw rod; a servo motor and a driving wheel are arranged in the power box, the servo motor is connected with the driving wheel through a speed reducer, and the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driving wheel through a chain; the cutting knife is arranged below the power box bottom plate, sliding grooves are formed in the inner bottom plate of the side wall of the sample square frame below the screw rod and the power box bottom plate along the length direction of the screw rod, sliding blocks which are connected with the sliding grooves in a sliding mode are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife, movable bearing seats are connected to the sliding blocks, and the movable bearing seats are sleeved on the screw rod.

2. The automatic biomass cutter on grassland sample land according to claim 1, wherein a power button and a touch screen are arranged on the top surface of the power box, the touch screen is connected with the servo motor through an electric signal, and a touch switch, a start/pause key and a cutting speed adjusting key are arranged on the touch screen.

3. The automatic biomass cutter on grassland sample land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end and the rear end of the chute are respectively provided with a limiting block.

4. The automatic biomass cutter on a grassland sample plot according to claim 1, wherein the front end and the rear end of the screw rod are respectively fixed at the front end of the inner bottom plate of the side wall of the sample plot and the rear end of the bottom plate of the power box through a fixed bearing seat.

5. The automatic biomass cutter on grassland sample land as claimed in claim 1, wherein vertical slots are arranged at front ends of two side walls of the sample frame, and two sides of the baffle are detachably inserted into the slots.

6. The automatic biomass cutter on grassland sample land according to claim 1, wherein a connecting plate is welded at the bottom of the slide block, and the connecting plate is connected with the cutting knife by welding or bolts.