CN113982703A - Equipment and method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of power system based on compressed steam energy storage - Google Patents

Equipment and method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of power system based on compressed steam energy storage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113982703A
CN113982703A CN202111434818.0A CN202111434818A CN113982703A CN 113982703 A CN113982703 A CN 113982703A CN 202111434818 A CN202111434818 A CN 202111434818A CN 113982703 A CN113982703 A CN 113982703A
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steam
pressure
temperature
low
steam turbine
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黄典贵
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K19/00—Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K19/02—Regenerating by compression
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/006—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a generator; the steam turbine is connected with the generator and used for introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam and discharging low-temperature and low-pressure steam to do work externally so as to drive the generator to generate electricity; the condenser is connected with the steam turbine and is used for condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water; the water feeding pump is connected with the condenser and used for boosting the pressure of the saturated water; the boiler is respectively connected with the steam turbine and the water feeding pump and is used for carrying out constant-pressure heating on the boosted saturated water to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam and supplying the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the steam turbine; the first compressor is connected with an outlet or a middle extraction opening of the steam turbine and is used for compressing and storing energy of low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the non-power-consumption peak; and the air storage tank is respectively connected with the first compressor and the steam turbine and used for storing the steam during the non-electricity utilization peak and providing the steam to the steam turbine during the electricity utilization peak.

Description

Equipment and method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of power system based on compressed steam energy storage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a device and a method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage.
Background
Peak clipping and valley filling are measures for adjusting the electrical load. According to the power utilization rules of different users, the generated energy and the power utilization time of various users are reasonably and programmatically arranged and organized so as to reduce the load peak, fill the load valley and reduce the load peak valley difference of the power grid, so that the power generation and the power utilization tend to be balanced.
In order to balance power generation and power consumption, relevant national departments put forward requirements on the peak regulation capacity of each power plant, and even require the load of a unit to be reduced to 15% of a design value during deep peak regulation, so that the low-load working condition flow is small, and the problems of large damage to the unit, poor safety, increased coal consumption, low economic benefit and the like exist.
Renewable energy sources such as wind energy and the like have the problems of large fluctuation, instability and the like, and in order to fully utilize the renewable energy sources, a power grid also puts higher requirements on the peak regulation capacity of a thermal power plant.
Pumped storage is an effective energy storage mode, and is beneficial to peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system. The pumped storage power station pumps water to an upper reservoir by using electric energy in the low ebb of the electric load and discharges water to a lower reservoir to generate power in the peak period of the electric load, and the pumped storage power station is also called as an energy storage type hydropower station. The device can convert redundant electric energy when the load of the power grid is low into high-value electric energy during the peak period of the power grid, and is also suitable for frequency modulation and phase modulation to stabilize the cycle and voltage of a power system. The construction of pumped storage power stations in China starts late, but the starting point is higher due to the after effect, and several large pumped storage power stations constructed in recent years are in the advanced level in the world. However, the pumped storage needs to build high and low reservoirs or have the natural features of the high and low reservoirs, and sufficient water resources.
Compressed air energy storage is also an energy storage mode which is just emerging in recent years, and the energy storage mode is an energy storage mode which uses electric energy for compressed air in a power grid load valley period and releases compressed air to drive a turbine to generate electricity in a power grid load peak period. The forms of the compressed air energy storage system mainly comprise a traditional compressed air energy storage system, a compressed air energy storage system with a heat storage device and the like.
Almost all energy storage modes are independent of a power plant at present, and a compressed steam energy storage device matched with a steam turbine in the power plant is lacked. And the deep peak regulation of the steam turbine generator unit of the thermal power plant has the problems of large damage to the unit, low efficiency and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling in an electric power system based on compressed vapor energy storage.
The invention provides a device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a generator; the steam turbine is connected with the generator and used for introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam and discharging low-temperature and low-pressure steam to do work externally so as to drive the generator to generate electricity; the condenser is connected with the steam turbine and is used for condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water; the water feeding pump is connected with the condenser and used for boosting the pressure of the saturated water; the boiler is respectively connected with the steam turbine and the water feeding pump and is used for carrying out constant-pressure heating on the boosted saturated water to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam and supplying the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the steam turbine; the first compressor is connected with an outlet or a middle extraction opening of the steam turbine and is used for compressing and storing energy of low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the non-power-consumption peak; and the air storage tank is respectively connected with the first compressor and the steam turbine and used for storing the steam during the non-electricity utilization peak and providing the steam to the steam turbine during the electricity utilization peak.
The device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage can also have the following characteristics: the first compressor is driven by a steam turbine or station service power, and when the compressor is driven by the steam turbine, a main shaft of the compressor is directly connected with a main shaft of the steam turbine.
The device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage can also have the following characteristics: the capacity of the air storage tank is obtained by calculation according to the corresponding turbine exhaust volume during the non-power-consumption peak and the volume when the turbine exhaust volume is compressed to the turbine inlet pressure, the air storage tank is a heat-preservation air storage tank, and the temperature reduction amplitude of the stored compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam within 10 hours is not more than 5 ℃.
In the device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage, which is provided by the invention, the device has the characteristics that: the intermediate cooling compression unit comprises a heat exchanger and a second compressor, the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the water feeding pump and the first compressor, the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of high-temperature steam flowing out of the first compressor by using high-pressure low-temperature water flowing out of the water feeding pump, so that high-pressure backwater water is obtained and sent to the high-pressure water storage tank, the second compressor is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the gas storage tank, and the second compressor is used for continuously pressurizing the low-temperature steam flowing out of the heat exchanger and introducing the low-temperature steam into the gas storage tank; the high-pressure water storage tank is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the boiler and is used for storing high-pressure regenerative water and introducing the high-pressure regenerative water into the boiler; and the afterburning boiler is connected with the gas storage tank and the steam turbine and is used for heating the steam flowing out of the gas storage tank to the required temperature.
The device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage can also have the following characteristics: the number of the intermediate cooling compression units is multiple, and the multiple intermediate cooling compression units are connected in series.
The device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the high-pressure water storage tank is a heat preservation water storage tank, and the temperature reduction amplitude of the stored high-pressure low-temperature water in 10 hours is not more than 4 ℃.
The invention also provides a method for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed steam energy storage, and the device for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed steam energy storage is adopted to realize the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system, and has the characteristics that the method comprises the following steps: step 1, a steam turbine converts high-temperature high-pressure steam from a boiler into low-temperature low-pressure steam, and applies work to the outside to drive a generator to generate electricity; step 2, condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water by a condenser; step 3, pressurizing saturated water by a water supply pump; and 4, carrying out constant-pressure heating on the pressurized saturated water by the boiler to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam, and supplying the high-temperature high-pressure steam to a steam turbine. When the power consumption is not high, the first compressor compresses low-temperature and low-pressure steam and transmits the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the gas storage tank for storage; and during the peak of power utilization, the air storage tank supplies the stored high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the steam turbine.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the device and the method for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage, the device for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage comprises a generator; the steam turbine is connected with the generator and used for introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam and discharging low-temperature and low-pressure steam to do work externally so as to drive the generator to generate electricity; the condenser is connected with the steam turbine and is used for condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water; the water feeding pump is connected with the condenser and used for boosting the pressure of the saturated water; the boiler is respectively connected with the steam turbine and the water feeding pump and is used for carrying out constant-pressure heating on the boosted saturated water to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam and supplying the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the steam turbine; the first compressor is connected with an outlet or a middle extraction opening of the steam turbine and is used for compressing and storing energy of low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the non-power-consumption peak; and the air storage tank is respectively connected with the first compressor and the steam turbine and used for storing the steam during the non-electricity utilization peak and providing the steam to the steam turbine during the electricity utilization peak. Therefore, the equipment for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed steam energy storage compresses the steam at the outlet of the steam turbine by using the compressor and stores the compressed steam into the high-pressure gas tank in the low-valley period of the load of the power grid, and releases the compressed air to push the steam turbine to generate power in the high-peak period of the load of the power grid.
In addition, the method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system by using the compressed steam energy storage equipment has the greatest advantages that the steam turbine can constantly run under the design working condition, and the problems that the efficiency, the safety and the economy of the steam turbine are influenced by frequent starting and stopping or low-flow working condition running and the like do not exist.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a power cycle diagram of an apparatus for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of intermediate extraction with a steam turbine in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a power cycle T-S diagram of an apparatus for achieving peak clipping and valley leveling of an electric power system based on compressed vapor energy storage in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a power cycle diagram of an apparatus for peak clipping and valley leveling of an electric power system using intercooled compressed vapor energy storage in accordance with embodiment 2 of the present invention; and
fig. 5 is a power cycle T-S diagram of an apparatus for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling in an electric power system using intercooled compressed vapor energy storage in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement objects and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe an apparatus and a method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of an electric power system based on compressed vapor energy storage according to the present invention.
< example 1>
The embodiment provides a device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed steam energy storage.
Fig. 1 is a power cycle diagram of an apparatus for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the device 10000 for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on compressed vapor energy storage in the present embodiment includes a generator 100, a steam turbine 200, a condenser 300, a feed pump 400, a boiler 500, a first compressor 600, an air storage tank 700, a valve a, a valve B, a valve C, and a valve D.
The steam turbine 200 is connected to the generator 100, and is configured to introduce high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and discharge low-temperature and low-pressure steam through near isentropic adiabatic expansion of the steam turbine 200, thereby applying work to the outside to drive the generator 100 to generate power.
The condenser 300 is connected to the steam turbine 200 through a valve a, and performs approximately isothermal heat release of the low-temperature and low-pressure steam and condensation into saturated water. The valve a is used to control the flow rate of the steam in the path between the condenser 300 and the turbine 200.
The feed pump 400 is connected to the condenser 300, and the saturated water is subjected to near isentropic adiabatic pressure increase and then enters the boiler 500 for constant pressure heating.
One end of the boiler 500 is connected with the steam turbine 200 through a valve C, and the other end is connected with the feed pump 400, and the pressurized saturated water is subjected to constant pressure heating to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The valve C is used to control the flow rate of the steam in the path between the boiler 500 and the steam turbine 200.
The first compressor 600 is connected to the turbine 200 through a valve B, the valve B is used for controlling the flow rate of the steam in the passage between the first compressor 600 and the turbine 200, and the first compressor 600 is used for compressing and storing energy for the low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the off-peak period.
The first compressor 600 is driven by the steam turbine 200 or the service power, in this embodiment, the first compressor 600 is driven by the service power, and when the compressor 600 is driven by the steam turbine 200, the output shaft of the steam turbine 200 is disconnected from the shaft of the generator 100, and the main shaft of the first compressor 600 is switched to directly drive the first compressor 600.
The first compressor 600 is connected to an outlet or an intermediate extraction opening of the steam turbine 200, in this embodiment, to an outlet of the steam turbine 200. A partial schematic view of the connection of the first compressor 600 to the extraction nozzle of the steam turbine 200 is shown in fig. 2.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of intermediate extraction with a steam turbine in this embodiment.
One end of the gas storage tank 700 is connected to the first compressor 600, and the other end is connected to the steam turbine 200 through a valve D for controlling the flow rate of the steam between the gas storage tank 700 and the steam turbine 200.
The gas tank 700 is used to store the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam and supply the high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the turbine 200 during peak power consumption.
The volume of the gas storage tank 700 is calculated according to the corresponding exhaust volume of the steam turbine 200 at the non-power-consumption peak time and the volume of the steam turbine 200 compressed to the inlet pressure of the steam turbine, the gas storage tank 700 is a heat preservation gas storage tank, and the temperature reduction amplitude of the stored compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam within 10 hours is not more than 5 ℃.
Fig. 3 is a power cycle T-S diagram of the device for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on compressed vapor energy storage in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the present embodiment further provides a method for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling of an electric power system based on compressed vapor energy storage.
The implementation steps in normal power supply are as follows:
step S1, opening valve a and valve C, turbine 200 will receive the high temperature (temperature T) from boiler 5001) High pressure (pressure P)1) The steam is converted into low-temperature low-pressure steam (from point 1 to point 2 on the temperature entropy chart of fig. 3), and does work externally so as to drive the generator 100 to generate electricity;
step S2, the condenser 300 condenses the low-temperature and low-pressure steam from the steam turbine 200 into saturated water (from point 2 to point 3 on the temperature entropy chart of fig. 3);
step S3, the water feed pump 400 boosts the pressure of the saturated water (from point 3 to point 4 on the temperature entropy chart of FIG. 3);
in step S4, the boiler 500 heats the pressurized saturated water at a constant pressure to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam (from point 4 to point 1 on the temperature entropy chart of fig. 3), and supplies the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the turbine 200.
And when the power consumption is not high, the valve B is opened, the opening degrees of the valve A and the valve B are adjusted, the steam flow entering the condenser 300 from the outlet of the steam turbine 200 and the steam flow entering the first compressor 600 are controlled, the first compressor 600 is driven to pressurize the steam, the compression energy storage of partial steam is realized, and the steam turbine 200 is ensured to operate in a design working condition or a small-amplitude variable working condition.
The first compressor 600 compresses low-temperature and low-pressure vapor (from point 2 to point 8 on the temperature entropy diagram) and transmits the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure vapor to the gas storage tank 700 for storage, and due to the external heat dissipation, the temperature of the vapor in the gas storage tank 700 is reduced (from point 8 to point 1 on the temperature entropy diagram).
The first compressor 600 is driven by the steam turbine 200 or the service power, in this embodiment, the first compressor 600 is driven by the service power, and when the compressor 600 is driven by the steam turbine 200, the output shaft of the steam turbine 200 is disconnected from the shaft of the generator 100, and the main shaft of the first compressor 600 is switched to directly drive the first compressor 600.
At a peak of power consumption, the valve D is opened, the valve B is closed, and the first compressor 600 stops operating. The air storage tank 700 supplies the stored high temperature and high pressure steam to the steam turbine 200, and part of the high temperature and high pressure steam of the boiler 500 also enters the inlet of the steam turbine 200. According to the power load requirement and the operation characteristics of the boiler 500, the relation between the steam quantity at the outlet of the boiler 500 and the steam quantity at the outlet of the air storage tank 700 is optimized, the coal consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, the stable operation of the steam turbine 200 is maintained.
< example 2>
The embodiment provides a device with intercooling for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system by compressed vapor energy storage. In this embodiment, in order to save compression work and improve system efficiency, an intercooling compression mode is selected.
Fig. 4 is a power cycle diagram of an apparatus for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling in a power system with intercooled compressed vapor energy storage in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus 20000 for storing compressed vapor with intercooling to realize peak clipping and valley leveling of an electric power system in this embodiment includes a generator 100, a steam turbine 200, a condenser 300, a feed water pump 400, a boiler 500, a first compressor 600, an air storage tank 700, an intercooling compression unit 800, a high-pressure water storage tank 900, and a post-combustion boiler 1000.
The steam turbine 200 is connected to the generator 100, and is configured to introduce high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and discharge low-temperature and low-pressure steam through near isentropic adiabatic expansion of the steam turbine 200, thereby applying work to the outside to drive the generator 100 to generate power.
The condenser 300 is connected to the steam turbine 200 through a valve a, and performs approximately isothermal heat release of the low-temperature and low-pressure steam and condensation into saturated water. The valve a is used to control the flow rate of the steam in the path between the condenser 300 and the turbine 200.
The feed pump 400 is connected to the condenser 300, and the saturated water is subjected to near isentropic adiabatic pressure increase and then enters the boiler 500 for constant pressure heating.
One end of the boiler 500 is connected with the steam turbine 200 through a valve C, and the other end is connected with the feed pump 400 through a valve F, and the pressurized saturated water is subjected to constant pressure heating to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam. The valve C is used to control the flow rate of the steam in the path between the boiler 500 and the steam turbine 200, and the valve F is used to control the flow rate of the steam in the path between the boiler 500 and the feed pump 400.
The first compressor 600 is connected to the turbine 200 through a valve B for controlling a flow rate of the steam in a passage between the first compressor 600 and the turbine 200, and the first compressor 600 is used for compressing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the off-peak period.
The first compressor 600 is driven by the steam turbine 200 or the service power, in this embodiment, the first compressor 600 is driven by the service power, and when the compressor 600 is driven by the steam turbine 200, the output shaft of the steam turbine 200 is disconnected from the shaft of the generator 100, and the main shaft of the first compressor 600 is switched to directly drive the first compressor 600.
The first compressor 600 is connected to an outlet or an intermediate extraction opening of the steam turbine 200, in this embodiment, to an outlet of the steam turbine 200.
The gas storage tank 700 is connected to the first compressor 600 and the turbine 200, respectively, and is configured to store the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam and provide the high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the turbine 200 during a peak power consumption.
The volume of the gas storage tank 700 is calculated according to the corresponding exhaust volume of the steam turbine 200 at the non-power-consumption peak time and the volume of the steam turbine 200 compressed to the inlet pressure of the steam turbine, the gas storage tank 700 is a heat preservation gas storage tank, and the temperature reduction amplitude of the stored compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam within 10 hours is not more than 5 ℃.
The intercooled compression unit 800 includes a heat exchanger 810 and a second compressor 820.
The number of the intermediate cooling compression units 800 is plural and is connected in series, and in the present embodiment, the number of the intermediate cooling compression units 800 is one.
One end of the heat exchanger 810 is connected to the first compressor 600, and the other end is connected to the water-feeding pump 400 through a valve E for controlling the flow rate of the vapor in the passage between the heat exchanger 810 and the water-feeding pump 400.
The heat exchanger 800 absorbs heat of the high-temperature steam flowing out of the first compressor 600 by using the high-pressure low-temperature water flowing out of the water feed pump 400, thereby obtaining high-pressure backwater water and sending the high-pressure backwater water to the high-pressure water storage tank 900.
The second compressor 810 is respectively connected with the heat exchanger 800 and the gas storage tank 700, and the second compressor 810 is used for continuously pressurizing low-temperature steam flowing out of the heat exchanger 800 and introducing the low-temperature steam into the gas storage tank 700.
One end of the high-pressure water storage tank 900 is connected to the heat exchanger 810, and the other end is connected to the boiler 500 through a valve G for controlling the flow rate of the steam in the passage between the high-pressure water storage tank 900 and the boiler 500.
The high-pressure water storage tank 900 is used to store high-pressure regenerative water and introduce the high-pressure regenerative water into the boiler 500. The temperature of the high-pressure low-temperature water stored in the high-pressure water storage tank 900 is reduced by not more than 4 ℃ within 10 hours
The one end of afterburning boiler 1000 is connected with gas holder 700, and the other end is connected with steam turbine 200 through valve D, and valve D is used for controlling the steam flow rate of passageway between afterburning boiler 1000 and the steam turbine 200. The post-combustion boiler 1000 is used to heat the steam from the air storage tank 700 to a desired temperature.
Fig. 5 is a power cycle T-S diagram of an apparatus for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling in an electric power system by compressed vapor energy storage with intercooling in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the present embodiment also provides a method for implementing peak clipping and valley leveling of an electric power system based on compressed vapor energy storage.
The implementation steps in normal power supply are as follows:
in step S1, the valve a, the valve C, and the valve F are opened, and the turbine 200 converts the high temperature (temperature T) from the boiler 5001) High pressure (pressure P)1) Converting the steam into low-temperature low-pressure steam (pressure drop of P)2From point 1 to point 2 on the temperature entropy diagram of fig. 5) and applies work externally to drive the generator 100 to generate electricity;
step S2, the condenser 300 condenses the low-temperature and low-pressure steam from the steam turbine 200 into saturated water (from point 2 to point 3 on the temperature entropy chart of fig. 5);
step S3, the water pump 400 boosts the pressure of the saturated water (from point 3 to point 4 on the temperature entropy chart of FIG. 5);
in step S4, the boiler 500 heats the pressurized saturated water at a constant pressure to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam (from point 4 to point 1 on the temperature entropy chart of fig. 5), and supplies the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the turbine 200.
When the power is not used at a high peak, the valve B and the valve E are opened, the opening degrees of the valve A and the valve B are adjusted, the steam flow entering the condenser 300 from the outlet of the steam turbine 200 and the steam flow entering the first compressor 600 are controlled, the two compressors are driven by the plant power to pressurize the steam, the compression and energy storage of partial steam are realized, and the steam turbine 200 is ensured to operate in a design working condition or a small-amplitude variable working condition.
The vapor from the inlet of the first compressor 600 to the outlet thereof has a pressure and temperature increase (from point 2 to point 9 on the temperature entropy diagram of fig. 5), is cooled by the heat exchanger 810 (from point 9 to point 10 on the temperature entropy diagram of fig. 5), and then enters the second compressor 820 for pressurization (from point 10 to point 11 on the temperature entropy diagram of fig. 5). The first and second compressors 600 and 820 compress low-temperature and low-pressure vapor and deliver the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure vapor to the gas tank 700 for storage.
The high-pressure low-temperature water at the outlet of the feed water pump 400 absorbs the heat of the outlet of the first compressor 600 in the heat exchanger 810, and is stored in the high-pressure water storage tank 900, and the temperature of the stored water is ensured to be reduced by not more than 4 ℃ within 10 hours.
At a peak of power consumption, the first and second compressors 600 and 820 stop operating.
The valve D and the valve G are opened and the gas flow rate of the valve D and the valve G is adjusted, the valve B and the valve F are closed, the high-pressure water in the high-pressure water storage tank 900 enters the boiler 500 to be heated, the gas storage tank 700 supplies the stored high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the steam turbine 200, and the afterburning boiler 1000 heats the steam flowing out of the gas storage tank 700 to the required temperature (from point 11 to point 1 on the temperature-entropy diagram of fig. 5).
When the high-pressure water is used up, the valve G and the valve E are closed, the valve F is opened, the water at the outlet of the water feeding pump 400 enters the boiler 500 for constant-pressure heating, and enters the inlet of the steam turbine 200 through the valve C (from the point 4 to the point 1 on the temperature entropy chart of FIG. 5). According to the power load requirement and the operation characteristics of the boiler 500, the relation between the steam quantity at the outlet of the boiler 500 and the steam quantity at the outlet of the air storage tank 700 is optimized, the coal consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, the stable operation of the steam turbine 200 is maintained.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the device and the method for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage in the embodiments 1 and 2, the device for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed vapor energy storage comprises a generator; the steam turbine is connected with the generator and used for introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam and discharging low-temperature and low-pressure steam to do work externally so as to drive the generator to generate electricity; the condenser is connected with the steam turbine and is used for condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water; the water feeding pump is connected with the condenser and used for boosting the pressure of the saturated water; the boiler is respectively connected with the steam turbine and the water feeding pump and is used for carrying out constant-pressure heating on the boosted saturated water to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam and supplying the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the steam turbine; the first compressor is connected with an outlet or a middle extraction opening of the steam turbine and is used for compressing and storing energy of low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the non-power-consumption peak; and the air storage tank is respectively connected with the first compressor and the steam turbine and used for storing the steam during the non-electricity utilization peak and providing the steam to the steam turbine during the electricity utilization peak. Therefore, the equipment for realizing the peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system based on the compressed steam energy storage compresses the steam at the outlet of the steam turbine by using the compressor and stores the compressed steam into the high-pressure gas tank in the low-valley period of the load of the power grid, and releases the compressed air to push the steam turbine to generate power in the high-peak period of the load of the power grid.
In addition, the method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of the power system by using the compressed steam energy storage equipment has the greatest advantages that the steam turbine can constantly run under the design working condition, and the problems that the efficiency, the safety and the economy of the steam turbine are influenced by frequent starting and stopping or low-flow working condition running and the like do not exist.
In addition, the compressor is driven by a steam turbine or service power, so that the equipment is more convenient to use.
In addition, gas holder and high-pressure water storage tank are the heat preservation jar, can the energy saving and carry out the power supply fast at the power consumption peak.
In addition, the compression form of the multi-stage intercooling in the embodiment 2 can save the compression work and improve the system efficiency.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An apparatus for achieving peak clipping and valley leveling of a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, comprising:
a generator;
the steam turbine is connected with the generator and used for introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam and discharging low-temperature and low-pressure steam to do work externally so as to drive the generator to generate electricity;
the condenser is connected with the steam turbine and is used for condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water;
the water feeding pump is connected with the condenser and used for boosting the pressure of the saturated water;
the boiler is respectively connected with the steam turbine and the feed pump and is used for carrying out constant-pressure heating on the pressurized saturated water to obtain high-temperature high-pressure steam and supplying the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the steam turbine;
the first compressor is connected with an outlet or an intermediate extraction opening of the steam turbine and is used for compressing and storing energy of the low-temperature and low-pressure steam during the non-power-consumption peak; and
and the air storage tank is respectively connected with the first compressor and the steam turbine and is used for storing the steam during the non-electricity utilization peak and providing the steam to the steam turbine during the electricity utilization peak.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 for peak and valley clipping in a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, wherein:
wherein the first compressor is driven by the steam turbine or plant power,
when the compressor is driven by the steam turbine, the main shaft of the compressor is directly connected with the main shaft of the steam turbine.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 for peak and valley clipping in a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, wherein:
wherein the volume of the air storage tank is obtained by calculation according to the exhaust volume of the turbine corresponding to the non-electricity consumption peak time and the volume of the air storage tank compressed to the inlet pressure of the turbine,
the gas storage tank is a heat preservation gas storage tank, and the temperature reduction range of the stored compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam within 10 hours is not more than 5 ℃.
4. The apparatus for peak and valley clipping in a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage according to claim 1, further comprising:
the intermediate cooling compression unit comprises a heat exchanger and a second compressor, the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the water feeding pump and the first compressor, the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of high-temperature steam flowing out of the first compressor by using high-pressure low-temperature water flowing out of the water feeding pump so as to obtain high-pressure backwater water and send the high-pressure backwater water to a high-pressure water storage tank, the second compressor is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the gas storage tank, and the second compressor is used for continuously pressurizing the low-temperature steam flowing out of the heat exchanger and introducing the low-temperature steam into the gas storage tank;
the high-pressure water storage tank is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the boiler and is used for storing the high-pressure hot return water and introducing the high-pressure hot return water into the boiler;
and the afterburning boiler is connected with the gas storage tank and the steam turbine and is used for heating the steam flowing out of the gas storage tank to the required temperature.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 for peak and valley clipping in a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, wherein:
wherein the number of the intercooling compression units is a plurality,
a plurality of said intercooling compression units are connected in series.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 for peak and valley clipping in a power system based on compressed vapor energy storage, wherein:
wherein, the high-pressure water storage tank is a heat preservation water storage tank, and the temperature reduction amplitude of the stored high-pressure low-temperature water in 10 hours is not more than 4 ℃.
7. A method for realizing power system peak clipping and valley leveling based on compressed vapor energy storage, which is implemented by adopting the device for realizing power system peak clipping and valley leveling based on compressed vapor energy storage of any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, converting high-temperature and high-pressure steam from a boiler into low-temperature and low-pressure steam by the steam turbine, and applying work to the outside to drive the generator to generate electricity;
step 2, condensing the low-temperature and low-pressure steam into saturated water by the condenser;
step 3, the water feeding pump boosts the pressure of the saturated water;
step 4, the boiler carries out constant pressure heating on the saturated water after being boosted to obtain the high-temperature high-pressure steam, and provides the high-temperature high-pressure steam to the steam turbine,
wherein, during the non-electricity consumption peak, the first compressor compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure steam and transmits the compressed steam to the gas storage tank for storage,
and the gas storage tank supplies the stored high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the steam turbine during the peak of electricity utilization.
CN202111434818.0A 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 Equipment and method for realizing peak clipping and valley leveling of power system based on compressed steam energy storage Pending CN113982703A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114838343A (en) * 2022-03-21 2022-08-02 浙江大学 Stable combustion peak regulation system and stable combustion peak regulation method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114838343A (en) * 2022-03-21 2022-08-02 浙江大学 Stable combustion peak regulation system and stable combustion peak regulation method
CN114838343B (en) * 2022-03-21 2023-08-22 浙江大学 Stable combustion peak regulation system and stable combustion peak regulation method

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