CN116412104A - Sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and method - Google Patents

Sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116412104A
CN116412104A CN202310063292.2A CN202310063292A CN116412104A CN 116412104 A CN116412104 A CN 116412104A CN 202310063292 A CN202310063292 A CN 202310063292A CN 116412104 A CN116412104 A CN 116412104A
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China
Prior art keywords
air
compressed air
outlet
compressor
inlet
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Inventor
冯飙
於震跃
钱瑭
高俊
尹士吉
张翔
陈顺义
郑应霞
李成军
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
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Priority to CN202310063292.2A priority Critical patent/CN116412104A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/14—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having both steam accumulator and heater, e.g. superheating accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Abstract

The invention discloses a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage method, and relates to the technical field of energy storage. The compressor module compresses air to gradually increase the air pressure level of the air; the air pressure level of the air comprises N air pressure levels; n compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with N air pressure levels; compressed air generated by any one compressor enters a compressor with a higher air pressure level for compression again and/or is stored in the air storage chamber; converting potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy and gradually reducing the air pressure level of the compressed air; the compressed air comprises M air pressure levels; the M expansion machines are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels; the compressed air in any expander enters an expander with a lower air pressure level to convert potential energy into mechanical energy and/or discharge the mechanical energy into the air again; absorbing heat generated when compressed air and releasing heat; the air reservoir provides stored compressed air. The invention improves the pressure change range and the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system.

Description

Sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage method.
Background
In order to ensure energy safety and alleviate the increasingly prominent environmental pollution problem, new energy sources represented by wind energy and solar energy have been developed greatly in recent years. Wind energy and solar energy have randomness and volatility, and bring great challenges to safe and stable operation of a power grid. The energy storage technology can effectively solve the problem of unstable wind energy and solar power generation.
Because the compressed air energy storage system is under the energy storage working condition, the gas at the outlet of the compressor is communicated with the gas storage. Therefore, under the energy storage working condition, the pressure of the air storage is gradually increased, and the back pressure of the outlet of the compressor is also gradually increased. Similarly, under the power generation working condition, the gas at the inlet of the expander is communicated with the gas storage. Thus, as the reservoir gas decreases, the gas pressure decreases, and the expander inlet pressure decreases. In summary, during operation of the compressed air energy storage system, the gas pressures of both the compressor and the expander are varied. At present, the frequency variation range of the variable frequency compressor and the variable frequency expander is limited, and the efficiency of the compressor and the variable frequency expander is greatly reduced under the working condition of low gas pressure, so that the efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is reduced.
Therefore, the existing compressed air energy storage system has the problems of small pressure change range and low energy storage efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage method, which improve the pressure change range of a compressed air energy storage system and improve the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions:
a skid split compressed air energy storage system comprising:
a compressor module 46 for compressing air to progressively increase the air pressure level of the air;
the compressor module 46 includes N compressors, and the air pressure level of the air includes N air pressure levels, N being greater than or equal to 2; the N compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the N air pressure levels;
the compressed air produced by either compressor is used to: the compressed air is fed into a compressor with a higher air pressure level to be compressed again and/or stored in an air storage chamber 49;
an expander module 47 for converting potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy and gradually reducing the air pressure level of the compressed air;
the expander module 47 includes M expanders, and the air pressure level of the compressed air includes M air pressure levels, M being 2 or more; the M expansion machines are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels;
The compressed air in either expander is used to: the potential energy is converted into mechanical energy again by an expander with the lower air pressure level, and/or is discharged into the air;
a heat exchange module 48, respectively connected to the compressor module 46 and the expander module 47, for:
absorb heat generated when the compressor module 46 compresses air;
releasing heat when the expander module 47 converts the potential energy of compressed air into mechanical energy;
the air reservoir 49 is also used to provide stored compressed air to either expander.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the cold storage tank 7 is connected with the heat exchange module 48 and is used for storing a low-temperature heat storage working medium; when the expander module 47 converts the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, the heat storage working medium in the heat exchange module 48 exchanges heat with the compressed air to form the low-temperature heat storage working medium.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the heat storage tank 8 is connected with the heat exchange module 48 and is used for storing high-temperature heat storage working media; when absorbing the heat generated by the compressed air of the compressor module 46, the heat storage working medium in the heat exchange module 48 exchanges heat with the compressed air to form the high-temperature heat storage working medium.
Optionally, the compressor module 46 includes:
a first compressor 2, an air inlet of the first compressor 2 being used for entering air;
a second compressor 12;
a first valve 5, wherein a first air outlet of the first valve 5 is connected with an air inlet of the second compressor 12; the air inlet of the first valve 5 is connected with the air outlet of the first compressor 2;
a third compressor 19;
a second valve 15, wherein a first air outlet of the second valve 15 is connected with an air inlet of the third compressor 19; the air inlet of the second valve 15 is connected with the air outlet of the second compressor 12; the air outlet of the third compressor 19 is connected to a third air inlet of the air reservoir 49.
Optionally, the expander module 47 comprises:
a first expander 30;
a third valve 32, wherein a first air inlet of the third valve 32 is connected with an air outlet of the first expander 30;
a second expander 36;
a fourth valve 40, wherein a first air inlet of the fourth valve 40 is connected with an air outlet of the second expander 36;
a fifth valve 29, wherein a second air inlet of the third valve 32 is connected with a first air outlet of the fifth valve 29; the second air outlet of the fifth valve 29 is connected with the second air inlet of the fourth valve 40;
A sixth valve 24, wherein a first air outlet of the sixth valve 24 is connected with an air inlet of the fifth valve 29;
and a third expander 43, wherein an air outlet of the third expander 43 is used for discharging air.
Optionally, the heat exchange module 48 includes:
the first heat exchanger 3, the first air inlet of the first heat exchanger 3 is connected with the air outlet of the first compressor 2;
a second heat exchanger 13, wherein a first air inlet of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected with an air outlet of the second compressor 12; the first air outlet of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected with the air inlet of the second valve 15;
a third heat exchanger 20, wherein a first air inlet of the third heat exchanger 20 is connected with an air outlet of the third compressor 19;
a fourth heat exchanger 25, wherein a first air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected with a second air outlet of the sixth valve 24; the first air outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected with the air inlet of the first expander 30;
a fifth heat exchanger 34, wherein a first air inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34 is connected with an air outlet of the third valve 32; the first air outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34 is connected with the air inlet of the second expander 36;
A sixth heat exchanger 41, wherein a first air inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41 is connected with an air outlet of the fourth valve 40; the first air outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41 is connected to the air inlet of the third expander 43.
Alternatively, the process may be carried out in a single-stage,
the first outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected with the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 3;
a second outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected with a second inlet of the second heat exchanger 13;
a third outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected with a second inlet of the third heat exchanger 20;
the first inlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected with the second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25;
a second outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected with a second outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34;
the third inlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41.
Alternatively, the process may be carried out in a single-stage,
a first inlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected with a second outlet of the first heat exchanger 3;
a second inlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected with a second outlet of the second heat exchanger 13;
a third inlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected with a second outlet of the third heat exchanger 20;
the first outlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected with the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25;
A second outlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected with a second inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34;
the third outlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected to the second inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41.
Alternatively, the process may be carried out in a single-stage,
the first air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is connected with the second air outlet of the first valve 5;
the second air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is connected with the second air outlet of the second valve 15;
the third air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is connected with the first air outlet of the third heat exchanger 20;
the air outlet of the air storage chamber 49 is connected to the air inlet of the sixth valve 24.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention further provides the following solutions:
a sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage method, comprising:
the compressed air gradually increases the air pressure level of the air; the air pressure levels of the air comprise N air pressure levels, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; n compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with N air pressure levels;
absorbing heat generated when compressed air;
the compressed air produced by either compressor is used to: the compressed air is fed into a compressor with a higher air pressure level to be compressed again and/or stored in an air storage chamber 49;
providing stored compressed air to either expander;
Converting potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, and gradually reducing the air pressure level of the compressed air; the air pressure level of the compressed air comprises M air pressure levels, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; the M expansion machines are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels;
releasing heat when converting the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy;
the compressed air in either expander is used to: the expander, which enters the lower stage of air pressure stage, again converts the potential energy into mechanical energy and/or discharges into the air.
In the embodiment of the invention, the compressor module comprises N compressors, the air pressure level of the air comprises N air pressure levels, and the N compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the N air pressure levels; compressed air generated by any one compressor enters the compressor with the high air pressure level and is compressed again and/or stored in the air storage chamber, the gradual increase of the air pressure level realizes the sliding pressure operation of the compressor module, and the whole air pressure of the compressor module is kept to fluctuate in a small range.
The expander module comprises M expanders, the air pressure level of the compressed air comprises M air pressure levels, and the M expanders are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels; the compressed air in either expander enters the expander at a level one step lower in air pressure level, again converting potential energy into mechanical energy and/or discharging into the air. The gradual reduction of the air pressure level of the compressed air realizes the sliding pressure operation of the expander module, and maintains the integral air pressure of the expander module to be kept to fluctuate in a small range.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the air storage chamber stores compressed air, and compressed air can be supplied to any expansion machine. The heat exchange module absorbs heat generated when compressed air is compressed; heat is released when the potential energy of the compressed air is converted into mechanical energy. Therefore, the pressure of the compressed air at the inlet of any expansion machine can be kept to be fluctuated within a small range, so that the compressed air energy storage system can run in a sliding mode, and the pressure variation range of the compressed air energy storage system is improved. The flow and pressure of the compressed air are more stable during the sliding pressure operation, so that the efficiency and the energy storage density of the energy storage system can be improved during the sliding pressure operation, the power consumption of compression and expansion can be reduced, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, and the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the detailed connection of a sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Symbol description:
the heat storage system comprises a first compressor-2, a first heat exchanger-3, a first valve-5, a cold storage tank-7, a heat storage tank-8, a second compressor-12, a second heat exchanger-13, a second valve-15, a third compressor-19, a third heat exchanger-20, a sixth valve-24, a fourth heat exchanger-25, a fifth valve-29, a first expander-30, a third valve-32, a fifth heat exchanger-34, a second expander-36, a fourth valve-40, a sixth heat exchanger-41, a third expander-43, a compressor module-46, an expander module-47, a heat exchange module-48, and an air storage chamber-49.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and a sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage method, which are used for solving the problems of small pressure change range and low energy storage efficiency of the existing compressed air energy storage system.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Fig. 1 shows an exemplary configuration of a sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system as described above, including a compressor module 46, an expander module 47, a heat exchange module 48, and an air reservoir 49. The modules are described in detail below.
The compressor module 46 is configured to compress air to progressively increase the air pressure level of the air.
The compressor module 46 includes N compressors, and the air pressure level of the air includes N air pressure levels, N being greater than or equal to 2; the N compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the N air pressure levels.
In one example, one skilled in the art can flexibly design the value of N, such as 3,4,5, etc., and will not be described here. For example, the compressor module 46 includes 3 compressors, 1 of which is a low frequency compressor, suitable for low frequency conditions. The other 2 are the intermediate frequency compressor and the high frequency compressor, which are suitable for the high frequency working condition. The air pressure level of the air comprises 3 air pressure levels, wherein 1 air pressure level is a low pressure level and is a low pressure working condition. The other two are medium air pressure level and high air pressure level, and are high pressure working conditions. The 3 compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the 3 air pressure levels. The compressor module 46 is operated in a split compression gas storage mode.
The 3 compressors are adopted for gradual compression, so that the air pressure of the compressed air can not be increased suddenly, the air pressure of the compressed air is increased uniformly, the system damage caused by stress concentration is avoided, the abrupt increase of the air temperature in the process of the compressed air is also avoided, and the temperature stability of the compressed air is maintained.
The compressed air generated by any one of the compressors is used to enter a compressor having a higher air pressure level for further compression and/or stored in the air reservoir 49.
In one example, a portion of the compressed air generated by the low frequency compressor is compressed again in the medium frequency compressor at a higher air pressure level, and another portion is stored in the air reservoir 49. A part of the compressed air generated by the intermediate frequency compressor is compressed again in the high frequency compressor having a higher air pressure level, and the other part is stored in the air storage chamber 49. Compressed air generated by the high-frequency compressor is stored in the air reservoir 49.
The expander module 47 converts potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy and gradually reduces the air pressure level of the compressed air.
The expander module 47 includes M expanders, and the air pressure level of the compressed air includes M air pressure levels, M being 2 or more; the M expanders are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels.
In one example, one skilled in the art can flexibly design the value of M, such as 3,4,5, etc., and will not be described here. For example, the expander module 47 includes 3 expanders, 1 of which is a low pressure expander, suitable for low pressure conditions. The rest 2 are the medium-pressure expansion machine and the high-pressure expansion machine, which are suitable for the high-pressure working condition. The air pressure level of the compressed air comprises 3 air pressure levels, wherein 1 air pressure level is a low pressure level, and the air pressure level is a low pressure working condition. The other two are medium air pressure level and high air pressure level, and are high pressure working conditions. The 3 expanders are in one-to-one correspondence with the air pressure levels of the 3 compressed air. The expander module 47 is operated in split expansion power generation mode.
The low-pressure expander, the medium-pressure expander and the high-pressure expander are variable-frequency expanders, and can always maintain high efficiency in frequency conversion, namely when the pressure of the air outlet of the air storage chamber 49 is fixed, the pressure and the flow of the air inlet of any expander can be changed within a certain range.
The air pressure level of the compressed air is reduced step by adopting 3 expanders, the air pressure of the compressed air can be reduced step by step and the flow is reduced gradually by dividing, meanwhile, the air pressure and the flow of any expander can be supplemented, the stable operation of the expander module 47 is maintained, and the efficiency and the service life of the expander module 47 are improved.
The compressed air in either expander is used to enter the expander at a level one step lower in air pressure to again convert potential energy to mechanical energy and/or to discharge into the air.
The air reservoir 49 is also used to provide stored compressed air to either expander.
In one example, the air reservoir 49 provides stored compressed air to the high pressure expander, where the compressed air converts potential energy to mechanical energy, and then the compressed air enters the medium pressure expander one step lower in pressure level to again convert potential energy to mechanical energy. At the same time, the air reservoir 49 supplies the stored compressed air to the medium-pressure expander. The compressed air is discharged from the medium-pressure expander and then enters the low-pressure expander of which the air pressure level is one level lower to convert the potential energy into mechanical energy again, and at the same time, the air storage chamber 49 supplies the stored compressed air to the low-pressure expander. The compressed air is discharged into the air after exiting the low pressure expander.
The heat exchange module 48 is respectively connected with the compressor module 46 and the expander module 47, heat can be exchanged between the heat exchange module 48 and the compressor module 46, and heat can also be exchanged between the heat exchange module 48 and the expander module 47.
The heat exchange module 48 is configured to absorb heat generated when the compressor module 46 compresses air.
The heat exchange module 48 releases heat when the expander module 47 converts the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy.
In one example, the compressor module 46 generates heat during the compression of the air and the heat exchange module 48 absorbs a portion of the heat for storage by exchanging heat. When the expander module 47 converts the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, the temperature of the compressed air is reduced, the air pressure is reduced, and the heat exchange module 48 releases the stored heat to heat the compressed air, so as to reduce the temperature and the air pressure reduction speed of the compressed air.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, the compressor module includes 3 compressors, the air pressure level of the air includes 3 air pressure levels, and the 3 compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the 3 air pressure levels; compressed air generated by any one compressor enters the compressor with the high air pressure level and is compressed again and/or stored in the air storage chamber, the gradual increase of the air pressure level realizes the sliding pressure operation of the compressor module, and the whole air pressure of the compressor module is kept to fluctuate in a small range.
In the embodiment of the invention, the expander module comprises 3 expanders, the air pressure level of the compressed air comprises 3 air pressure levels, and the 3 expanders are in one-to-one correspondence with the 3 air pressure levels; the compressed air in either expander enters the expander at a level one step lower in air pressure level, again converting potential energy into mechanical energy and/or discharging into the air. The gradual reduction of the air pressure level of the compressed air realizes the sliding pressure operation of the expander module, and maintains the integral air pressure of the expander module to be kept to fluctuate in a small range.
In the embodiment of the invention, the air storage chamber stores compressed air, and the compressed air can also be provided for any expansion machine. The heat exchange module absorbs heat generated when compressed air is compressed; heat is released when the potential energy of the compressed air is converted into mechanical energy. Therefore, the pressure of the compressed air at the inlet of any expansion machine can be kept to be fluctuated within a small range, so that the compressed air energy storage system can run in a sliding mode, and the pressure variation range of the compressed air energy storage system is improved. The flow and pressure of the compressed air are more stable during the sliding pressure operation, so that the efficiency and the energy storage density of the energy storage system can be improved during the sliding pressure operation, the power consumption of compression and expansion can be reduced, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, and the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is improved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the skid split compressed air energy storage system further comprises a cold storage tank 7.
The cold storage tank 7 is connected with the heat exchange module 48, and the cold storage tank 7 is used for storing a low-temperature heat storage working medium; when the expander module 47 converts the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, the heat storage working medium in the heat exchange module 48 exchanges heat with the compressed air to form a low-temperature heat storage working medium.
In one example, as the expander module 47 converts the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, the compressed air temperature decreases, the heat storage medium in the heat exchange module 48 exchanges heat with the compressed air, the temperature of the heat storage medium decreases, forming a low temperature heat storage medium, which is stored in the cold storage tank 7. The shell of the cold storage tank 7 is made of a metal material with high heat conductivity coefficient, so that heat can be better dissipated, the temperature of a heat storage working medium can be reduced as much as possible, the temperature difference with compressed air is as large as possible, and the heat exchange quantity is increased.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the skid split compressed air energy storage system further comprises a heat storage tank 8.
The heat storage tank 8 is connected with the heat exchange module 48, and the heat storage tank 8 is used for storing high-temperature heat storage working media; when the heat generated by the compressed air of the compressor module 46 is absorbed, the heat storage working medium in the heat exchange module 48 exchanges heat with the compressed air to form the high-temperature heat storage working medium.
In one example, as the heat generated by the compressed air of the compressor module 46 is absorbed, the temperature of the compressed air increases, and the heat storage medium in the heat exchange module 48 exchanges heat with the compressed air, and the temperature of the heat storage medium increases accordingly, forming a high temperature heat storage medium that is stored in the heat storage tank 8.
The heat storage working medium can be exemplified by a multi-element molten salt mixed heat storage working medium, the heat storage temperature range of the multi-element molten salt mixed heat storage working medium is 200-600 ℃, and the high temperature range can be covered. For different application scenarios, the skilled person can flexibly select and match the heat storage temperature. The shell of the heat storage tank 8 is made of low heat conduction materials such as silica aerogel or glass wool, so that a heat preservation effect can be better achieved, and the high-temperature heat storage working medium is ensured to be maintained in a high-temperature state.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the compressor module 46 includes at least: a first compressor 2, a second compressor 12, a first valve 5, a third compressor 19 and a second valve 15.
Referring to fig. 2, an air inlet of the first compressor 2 is used for entering air.
The first air outlet of the first valve 5 is connected with the air inlet of the second compressor 12; the air inlet of the first valve 5 is connected with the air outlet of the first compressor 2.
The first air outlet of the second valve 15 is connected with the air inlet of the third compressor 19; the air inlet of the second valve 15 is connected with the air outlet of the second compressor 12; the air outlet of the third compressor 19 is connected to a third air inlet of the air reservoir 49.
In one example, the first compressor 2, the second compressor 12, the first valve 5, the third compressor 19 and the second valve 15 may be connected by pipes. The type, diameter and length of the pipe can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art, and the pipe at least comprises a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, a telescopic pipe and the like.
The first compressor 2, the second compressor 12 and the third compressor 19 are variable frequency compressors, and can always maintain high-efficiency operation during frequency conversion. I.e. the compressor outlet pressure may vary within a certain range at a certain compressor inlet pressure.
In other embodiments of the invention, the expander module 47 comprises at least: a first expander 30, a third valve 32, a second expander 36, a fourth valve 40, a fifth valve 29, a sixth valve 24, and a third expander 43.
Still referring to fig. 2, the first air inlet of the third valve 32 is connected to the air outlet of the first expander 30.
The first inlet of the fourth valve 40 is connected to the outlet of the second expander 36.
The second air inlet of the third valve 32 is connected with the first air outlet of the fifth valve 29; the second outlet of the fifth valve 29 is connected to the second inlet of the fourth valve 40.
The first outlet of the sixth valve 24 is connected to the inlet of the fifth valve 29.
The air outlet of the third expander 43 is for discharging air.
In one example, the first expander 30, the third valve 32, the second expander 36, the fourth valve 40, the fifth valve 29, the sixth valve 24, and the third expander 43 may be connected by a pipe. The type, diameter and length of the pipe can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art, and the pipe at least comprises a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, a telescopic pipe and the like.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange module 48 includes at least: the first heat exchanger 3, the second heat exchanger 13, the third heat exchanger 20, the fourth heat exchanger 25, the fifth heat exchanger 34, and the sixth heat exchanger 41.
Still referring to fig. 2, the first air inlet of the third heat exchanger 20 is connected to the air outlet of the first compressor 2.
The first air inlet of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected with the air outlet of the second compressor 12; the first air outlet of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected with the air inlet of the second valve 15.
The first inlet of the third heat exchanger 20 is connected to the outlet of the third compressor 19.
The first air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected with the second air outlet of the sixth valve 24; the first air outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25 is connected to the air inlet of the first expander 30.
The first air inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34 is connected with the air outlet of the third valve 32; the first outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34 is connected to the inlet of the second expander 36.
The first air inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41 is connected with the air outlet of the fourth valve 40; the first outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41 is connected to the inlet of the third expander 43.
In one example, the first heat exchanger 3, the second heat exchanger 13, the third heat exchanger 20, the fourth heat exchanger 25, the fifth heat exchanger 34, and the sixth heat exchanger 41 may be connected by pipes. The type, diameter and length of the pipe can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art, and the pipe at least comprises a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, a telescopic pipe and the like.
In other embodiments of the invention, still referring to fig. 2, the first outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 3.
The second outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 13.
The third outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second inlet of the third heat exchanger 20.
The first inlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25.
The second outlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34.
The third inlet of the cold storage tank 7 is connected to the second outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41.
In one example, the cold storage tank 7 may be connected to the first heat exchanger 3, the second heat exchanger 13, the third heat exchanger 20, the fourth heat exchanger 25, the fifth heat exchanger 34, and the sixth heat exchanger 41 by pipes. The type, diameter and length of the pipe can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art, and the pipe at least comprises a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, a telescopic pipe and the like.
In other embodiments of the invention, still referring to fig. 2, the first inlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected to the second outlet of the first heat exchanger 3.
A second inlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected with a second outlet of the second heat exchanger 13.
The third inlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected to the second outlet of the third heat exchanger 20.
The first outlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected to the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 25.
The second outlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected to the second inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 34.
The third outlet of the heat storage tank 8 is connected to the second inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 41.
In one example, the heat storage tank 8 may be connected to the first heat exchanger 3, the second heat exchanger 13, the third heat exchanger 20, the fourth heat exchanger 25, the fifth heat exchanger 34, and the sixth heat exchanger 41 by pipes. The type, diameter and length of the pipe can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art, and the pipe at least comprises a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, a telescopic pipe and the like.
In other embodiments of the present invention, referring still to fig. 2, the first air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is connected to the second air outlet of the first valve 5.
The second air inlet of the air reservoir 49 is connected to the second air outlet of the second valve 15.
The third air inlet of the air reservoir 49 is connected to the first air outlet of the third heat exchanger 20.
The air outlet of the air reservoir 49 is connected to the air inlet of the sixth valve 24.
In one example, the air reservoir 49 may be connected to the first valve 5, the second valve 15, the third heat exchanger 20, and the sixth valve 24 via pipes. The type, diameter and length of the pipe can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art, and the pipe at least comprises a metal pipe, a plastic pipe, a telescopic pipe and the like.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system is configured to split-flow compressed air storage conditions:
still referring to fig. 2, the cold storage tank 7 is filled with a low-temperature heat storage working medium, and at this time, the temperature of the low-temperature heat storage working medium is illustratively 30 ℃, and the heat storage tank 8 is not filled with the heat storage working medium.
In the electricity consumption valley period, for example, between 11 pm and 6 am, the first compressor 2 starts to work, at this time, air at normal temperature and pressure (25 ℃ and 0.1 MPa) enters the first compressor 2 through the air inlet pipe of the compressor, the first compressor 2 compresses the air into compressed air with medium and low pressure (2 MPa) and high temperature (200 ℃) and the compressed air flows out from the air outlet pipe of the compressor. The high-temperature compressed air flows into the first heat exchanger 3 through the compressor air outlet pipe. The low-temperature heat storage working medium flows out of the cold storage tank 7 and flows into the first heat exchanger 3 through the heat storage working medium heat exchange tube. The high-temperature compressed air and the low-temperature heat storage working medium exchange heat in the first heat exchanger 3, and the compressed air with medium and low pressure (2 MPa) and high temperature (200 ℃) is changed into the compressed air with medium and low pressure (2 MPa) and low temperature (40 ℃) and flows out from the air outlet pipe of the compressor. The low-temperature heat storage working medium absorbs the heat of the compressed air, becomes a high-temperature heat storage working medium (190 ℃), and flows into the heat storage tank 8 for storage through the heat storage working medium heat exchange pipes. The low-temperature compressed air flowing out from the compressor outlet pipe passes through the first valve 5 and then flows into the air storage chamber 49. The initial pressure of the compressed air in the air reservoir 49 is a low-medium pressure (2 MPa). Along with the inflow of the middle and low compressed air into the air storage chamber 49, the pressure of the compressed air in the air storage chamber 49 is gradually increased, and at the moment, the first compressor 2 can work in a variable frequency mode, so that the pressure of the compressed air flowing out of the air outlet pipe of the compressor is increased. When the compressed air pressure rises to a first threshold value (2.5 MPa), the upper limit of the frequency conversion of the air outlet pressure of the first compressor 2 is reached, and the second air outlet of the first valve 5 is adjusted to be closed, so that the first air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is closed, and the first air outlet of the first valve 5 is opened.
At this time, the low-temperature compressed air having a pressure at the first threshold value (2.5 MPa) is caused to flow into the second compressor 12, and the second compressor 12 compresses the low-temperature compressed air (2.5 MPa,40 ℃) into air having a medium-high pressure (4 MPa), high temperature (200 ℃) and flows out from the compressor outlet pipe to flow into the second heat exchanger 13. The low-temperature heat storage working medium flows out of the cold storage tank 7 and flows into the second heat exchanger 13 through the heat storage working medium heat exchange tube. The high-temperature compressed air and the low-temperature heat storage working medium exchange heat in the second heat exchanger 13, and the compressed air with medium and high pressure (4 MPa) and high temperature (200 ℃) is changed into the compressed air with medium and high pressure (4 MPa) and low temperature (40 ℃) and flows out from the air outlet pipe of the compressor. The low-temperature heat storage working medium absorbs the heat of the compressed air, becomes a high-temperature heat storage working medium (190 ℃), and flows into the heat storage tank 8 for storage through the heat storage working medium heat exchange pipes. The low-temperature compressed air flowing out from the air outlet pipe of the compressor flows into the air storage chamber 49 through the second air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 after passing through the second valve 15. Along with the medium-high compressed air flowing into the air storage chamber 49, the pressure of the compressed air in the air storage chamber 49 is gradually increased, and at the moment, the second compressor 12 also works in a variable frequency mode, so that the pressure of the compressed air flowing out of the air outlet pipe of the compressor is increased. When the compressed air pressure rises to the second threshold value (4.5 MPa), the upper frequency conversion limit of the air outlet pressure of the second compressor 12 is reached, and the second air outlet of the second valve 15 is adjusted to be closed, so that the second air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is closed, and the first air outlet of the second valve 15 is opened.
At this time, the low-temperature compressed air of the second threshold value (4.5 MPa) is caused to flow into the third compressor 19, and the third compressor 19 compresses the low-temperature compressed air (4.5 MPa,40 ℃) into compressed air having a high pressure (6 MPa), a high temperature (200 ℃) and flows out from the compressor outlet pipe to flow into the third heat exchanger 20. The low-temperature heat storage working medium flows out of the cold storage tank 7 and flows into the third heat exchanger 20 through the heat storage working medium heat exchange tube. The high-temperature compressed air and the low-temperature heat storage working medium exchange heat in the third heat exchanger 20, and the compressed air with high pressure (6 MPa) and high temperature (200 ℃) is changed into the compressed air with high pressure (6 MPa) and low temperature (40 ℃) and flows out from the air outlet pipe of the compressor. The low-temperature heat storage working medium absorbs the heat of the air, becomes a high-temperature heat storage working medium (190 ℃), and flows into the heat storage tank 8 for storage through the heat storage working medium heat exchange pipe. The low-temperature compressed air flows into the air storage chamber 49, and along with the high-pressure air flowing into the air storage chamber 49, the pressure of the compressed air in the air storage chamber 49 is gradually increased, and at the moment, the third compressor 19 also works in a variable frequency mode, so that the pressure of the compressed air flowing out of the air outlet pipe of the compressor is increased. When the pressure of the compressed air rises to a third threshold (6.5 MPa), the variable frequency upper limit of the pressure of the air outlet of the third compressor 19 is reached, the third air inlet of the air storage chamber 49 is closed, and the split-flow compressed air storage is completed.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, when the sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system is in split-flow expansion power generation working conditions:
still referring to FIG. 2, during peak power consumption, for example, between 6 a.m. and 11 a.m., the sixth valve 24 is opened and the low temperature, high pressure air in the air reservoir 49 flows out through the air reservoir outlet. The low temperature and high pressure air flows into the fourth heat exchanger 25 through the sixth valve 24. The high-temperature heat storage working medium (190 ℃) flows out of the heat storage tank 8 and flows into the fourth heat exchanger 25 through the heat storage working medium heat exchange tube. The low-temperature high-pressure air and the high-temperature heat storage working medium exchange heat in the fourth heat exchanger 25, and the compressed air with high pressure (6.5 MPa) and low temperature (40 ℃) absorbs the heat of the high-temperature heat storage working medium to become the compressed air with high pressure (6.5 MPa) and high temperature (180 ℃) and flows out from the air inlet pipe of the expander. The high-temperature heat storage working medium releases heat for the low-temperature high-pressure air, and changes into the low-temperature heat storage working medium (50 ℃) and flows into the cold storage tank 7 for storage. After passing through the fourth heat exchanger 25, the compressed air having a high pressure (6.5 MPa) and a high temperature (180 ℃) flows into the first expander 30. The high-temperature high-pressure compressed air expands in the first expander 30 to generate electricity, and becomes low-temperature (20 ℃) and medium-high-pressure (4.5 MPa) compressed air to flow out from an air outlet pipe of the expander. Compressed air flowing out of the outlet pipe of the expander flows into the fifth heat exchanger 34 through the third valve 32. The high temperature heat storage medium flows out of the heat storage tank 8 and flows into the fifth heat exchanger 34 through the heat storage medium heat exchange pipe. The low-temperature compressed air and the high-temperature heat storage working medium exchange heat in the fifth heat exchanger 34, and the compressed air with medium and high pressure (4.5 MPa) and low temperature (20 ℃) absorbs the heat of the high-temperature heat storage working medium to become the compressed air with medium and high pressure (5 MPa) and high temperature (180 ℃) and flows out from the air inlet pipe of the expander. The high-temperature heat storage working medium releases heat for the low-temperature compressed air, becomes the low-temperature heat storage working medium (30 ℃), and flows into the cold storage tank 7 for storage.
After passing through the fifth heat exchanger 34, the compressed air of medium-high pressure (5 MPa) and high temperature (180 ℃) flows into the second expander 36. The high-temperature and high-pressure air expands in the second expander 36 to generate electricity, and becomes low-temperature (20 ℃) and medium-low-pressure (3 MPa) compressed air which flows out of the air outlet pipe of the expander. The compressed air flows into the sixth heat exchanger 41 through the fourth valve. The high-temperature heat storage working medium flows out of the heat storage tank 8 and flows into the sixth heat exchanger 41. The low-temperature compressed air and the high-temperature heat storage working medium exchange heat in the sixth heat exchanger 41, and the heat of the medium-low pressure (3 MPa) and low-temperature (20 ℃) compressed air absorbed by the high-temperature heat storage working medium is changed into the heat of the medium-low pressure (3.5 MPa) and high-temperature (180 ℃) compressed air which flows out from the air inlet pipe of the expander. The high-temperature heat storage working medium releases heat for the low-temperature air, becomes the low-temperature heat storage working medium (30 ℃), and flows into the cold storage tank 7 for storage.
After passing through the sixth heat exchanger 41, compressed air of a medium-low pressure (3.5 MPa) and a high temperature (180 ℃) flows into the third expander 43. The high-temperature and high-pressure air expands in the third expander 43 to generate electricity, and becomes low-temperature (20 ℃) and low-pressure (1 MPa) compressed air which flows out from the air outlet pipe of the expander.
As the expansion process proceeds, the pressure in the air reservoir 49 gradually decreases, thereby causing a decrease in the air flow rate in the first expander 30, affecting the stable operation of the second expander 36 and the third expander 43. Therefore, when the flow rate of the second expander 36 is lower than the minimum value of the variable frequency range, the sixth valve 24, the fifth valve 29 and the third valve 32 are adjusted so that part of the compressed air flowing out from the air outlet of the air storage chamber 49 supplements the air inlet flow rate of the second expander 36, thereby maintaining stable and efficient operation of the second expander 36. When the flow rate of the third expander 43 is lower than the lowest value of the variable frequency range, the fifth valve 29 and the fourth valve 40 are adjusted to supplement the intake air flow rate of the third expander 43, so that the stable and efficient operation of the third expander 43 is maintained.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention further provides the following solutions:
referring to fig. 3, a sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage method includes:
step 1: the compressed air gradually increases the air pressure level of the air; the air pressure level of the air comprises N air pressure levels, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the N compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the N air pressure levels.
Step 1 may be specifically performed by the aforementioned compressor module 46, and the description of the aforementioned compressor module 46 may be specifically referred to, which is not repeated herein.
Step 2: absorbs heat generated when compressed air.
Step 2 may be specifically performed by the aforementioned heat exchange module 48, and the description of the aforementioned heat exchange module 48 may be specifically referred to, which is not repeated herein.
Step 3: the compressed air produced by either compressor is used to: the compressor entering the higher air pressure stage is compressed again and/or stored in the air reservoir 49.
Step 3 may be performed by the aforementioned compressor module 46 and air reservoir 49, and reference may be made specifically to the aforementioned compressor module 46 and air reservoir 49, which are not described herein.
Step 4: the stored compressed air is provided to either expander.
Step 4 may be specifically performed by the aforementioned air storage chamber 49, and specific reference may be made to the aforementioned air storage chamber 49, which is not described herein.
Step 5: converting potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, and gradually reducing the air pressure level of the compressed air; the air pressure level of the compressed air comprises M air pressure levels, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; the M expanders are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels.
Step 5 may be specifically performed by the aforementioned expander module 47, and the description of the aforementioned expander module 47 may be specifically referred to, which is not repeated herein.
Step 6: heat is released when the potential energy of the compressed air is converted into mechanical energy.
Step 6 may be specifically performed by the aforementioned heat exchange module 48, and the description of the aforementioned heat exchange module 48 may be specifically referred to, which is not repeated herein.
Step 7: the compressed air in either expander is used to: the expander, which enters the lower stage of air pressure stage, again converts the potential energy into mechanical energy and/or discharges into the air.
Step 7 may be specifically performed by the aforementioned expander module 47, and the description of the aforementioned expander module 47 may be specifically referred to, which is not repeated herein.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and implementations of the embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of the above examples being only for the purpose of aiding in the understanding of the methods of the embodiments of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention for those skilled in the art to vary from one implementation to another and from application to another. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A skid-pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system, comprising:
a compressor module (46) for compressing air to progressively increase the air pressure level of the air;
the compressor module (46) includes N compressors, the air pressure level of the air including N air pressure levels, N being 2 or more; the N compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the N air pressure levels;
the compressed air produced by either compressor is used to: the compressed air is fed into a compressor with a higher air pressure level for compression again and/or stored in an air storage chamber (49);
an expander module (47) for converting potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy and gradually reducing the air pressure level of the compressed air;
the expander module (47) comprises M expanders, and the air pressure level of the compressed air comprises M air pressure levels, wherein M is greater than or equal to 2; the M expansion machines are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels;
the compressed air in either expander is used to: the potential energy is converted into mechanical energy again by an expander with the lower air pressure level, and/or is discharged into the air;
-a heat exchange module (48) connected to the compressor module (46) and the expander module (47), respectively, for:
Absorbing heat generated when the compressor module (46) compresses air;
releasing heat when the expander module (47) converts potential energy of compressed air into mechanical energy;
the air reservoir (49) is also used to provide stored compressed air to either expander.
2. The skid split compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, further comprising:
the cold storage tank (7) is connected with the heat exchange module (48) and is used for storing low-temperature heat storage working media; when the expander module (47) converts potential energy of compressed air into mechanical energy, the heat storage working medium in the heat exchange module (48) exchanges heat with the compressed air to form the low-temperature heat storage working medium.
3. The skid split compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, further comprising:
the heat storage tank (8) is connected with the heat exchange module (48) and is used for storing high-temperature heat storage working media; when the heat generated by the compressed air of the compressor module (46) is absorbed, the heat storage working medium in the heat exchange module (48) exchanges heat with the compressed air to form the high-temperature heat storage working medium.
4. The skid split compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said compressor module (46) comprises:
-a first compressor (2), the inlet of the first compressor (2) being for inlet air;
a second compressor (12);
the first air outlet of the first valve (5) is connected with the air inlet of the second compressor (12); an air inlet of the first valve (5) is connected with an air outlet of the first compressor (2);
a third compressor (19);
the first air outlet of the second valve (15) is connected with the air inlet of the third compressor (19); an air inlet of the second valve (15) is connected with an air outlet of the second compressor (12); an air outlet of the third compressor (19) is connected with a third air inlet of the air storage chamber (49).
5. The skid-pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system of claim 4, wherein said expander module (47) comprises:
a first expander (30);
a third valve (32), wherein a first air inlet of the third valve (32) is connected with an air outlet of the first expander (30);
a second expander (36);
a fourth valve (40), wherein a first air inlet of the fourth valve (40) is connected with an air outlet of the second expander (36);
a fifth valve (29), wherein a second air inlet of the third valve (32) is connected with a first air outlet of the fifth valve (29); the second air outlet of the fifth valve (29) is connected with the second air inlet of the fourth valve (40);
A sixth valve (24), wherein a first air outlet of the sixth valve (24) is connected with an air inlet of the fifth valve (29);
and a third expander (43), wherein an air outlet of the third expander (43) is used for discharging air.
6. The skid-pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system of claim 5, wherein said heat exchange module (48) comprises:
the first heat exchanger (3), the first air inlet of the first heat exchanger (3) is connected with the air outlet of the first compressor (2);
the first air inlet of the second heat exchanger (13) is connected with the air outlet of the second compressor (12); the first air outlet of the second heat exchanger (13) is connected with the air inlet of the second valve (15);
the first air inlet of the third heat exchanger (20) is connected with the air outlet of the third compressor (19);
a fourth heat exchanger (25), wherein a first air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (25) is connected with a second air outlet of the sixth valve (24); the first air outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (25) is connected with the air inlet of the first expander (30);
a fifth heat exchanger (34), wherein a first air inlet of the fifth heat exchanger (34) is connected with an air outlet of the third valve (32); the first air outlet of the fifth heat exchanger (34) is connected with the air inlet of the second expander (36);
The first air inlet of the sixth heat exchanger (41) is connected with the air outlet of the fourth valve (40); the first air outlet of the sixth heat exchanger (41) is connected with the air inlet of the third expander (43).
7. The skid-pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system of claim 6, wherein,
the first outlet of the cold storage tank (7) is connected with the second inlet of the first heat exchanger (3);
the second outlet of the cold storage tank (7) is connected with the second inlet of the second heat exchanger (13);
a third outlet of the cold storage tank (7) is connected with a second inlet of the third heat exchanger (20);
the first inlet of the cold storage tank (7) is connected with the second outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (25);
a second outlet of the cold storage tank (7) is connected with a second outlet of the fifth heat exchanger (34);
the third inlet of the cold storage tank (7) is connected with the second outlet of the sixth heat exchanger (41).
8. The skid-pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system of claim 6, wherein,
a first inlet of the heat storage tank (8) is connected with a second outlet of the first heat exchanger (3);
a second inlet of the heat storage tank (8) is connected with a second outlet of the second heat exchanger (13);
A third inlet of the heat storage tank (8) is connected with a second outlet of the third heat exchanger (20);
the first outlet of the heat storage tank (8) is connected with the second inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (25);
a second outlet of the heat storage tank (8) is connected with a second inlet of the fifth heat exchanger (34);
the third outlet of the heat storage tank (8) is connected with the second inlet of the sixth heat exchanger (41).
9. The skid-pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage system of claim 6, wherein,
the first air inlet of the air storage chamber (49) is connected with the second air outlet of the first valve (5);
a second air inlet of the air storage chamber (49) is connected with a second air outlet of the second valve (15);
a third air inlet of the air storage chamber (49) is connected with a first air outlet of the third heat exchanger (20);
an air outlet of the air storage chamber (49) is connected with an air inlet of the sixth valve (24).
10. A sliding pressure split-flow compressed air energy storage method, comprising:
the compressed air gradually increases the air pressure level of the air; the air pressure levels of the air comprise N air pressure levels, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; n compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with N air pressure levels;
Absorbing heat generated when compressed air;
the compressed air produced by either compressor is used to: the compressed air is fed into a compressor with a higher air pressure level for compression again and/or stored in an air storage chamber (49);
providing stored compressed air to either expander;
converting potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy, and gradually reducing the air pressure level of the compressed air; the air pressure level of the compressed air comprises M air pressure levels, wherein M is more than or equal to 2; the M expansion machines are in one-to-one correspondence with the M air pressure levels;
releasing heat when converting the potential energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy;
the compressed air in either expander is used to: the expander, which enters the lower stage of air pressure stage, again converts the potential energy into mechanical energy and/or discharges into the air.
CN202310063292.2A 2023-01-13 2023-01-13 Sliding pressure split-flow type compressed air energy storage system and method Pending CN116412104A (en)

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CN117108487A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-11-24 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Storage-heat-exchange integrated air storage-free type compressed air power generation system and method
CN117108487B (en) * 2023-08-07 2024-04-02 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Storage-heat-exchange integrated air storage-free type compressed air power generation system and method

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