CN113980378B - Method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN113980378B CN113980378B CN202111465810.0A CN202111465810A CN113980378B CN 113980378 B CN113980378 B CN 113980378B CN 202111465810 A CN202111465810 A CN 202111465810A CN 113980378 B CN113980378 B CN 113980378B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing wood plastic by utilizing waste materials, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials and waste utilization. The invention takes waste wood material, waste plastic, dust collection ash, organic silicon waste residue slurry and waste engine oil as raw materials, adopts a hot extrusion technology to prepare the wood plastic with excellent performance, and can further produce wood plastic products. The preparation raw materials of the wood plastic are all waste materials, so that the environment is protected, and the manufacturing cost of the wood plastic is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer materials and waste utilization, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials.
Background
The waste wood material refers to plant fibers such as waste bamboo wood, rice hulls, straws and the like; waste bamboo wood, rice hulls and straws are garbage generated in the production process of the processing industry in China, a small amount of waste bamboo wood, rice hulls and straws can be treated by adopting methods of accumulation, incineration and landfill in the past, but the treatment methods are not suitable any more along with the continuous development and expansion of the industry and the continuous consumption of various resources, and the environment is continuously worsened by a large amount of waste wood materials.
Waste plastics are a general term for plastics which have been used and eventually eliminated or replaced in civil and industrial uses, and generally take 500 to 1000 years to rot, often causing large-area pollution.
The dust collected by the asphalt mixing plant is dust mixed in recycled stone materials in the process of mixing asphalt concrete, 8-10 tons of dust collected by the asphalt mixing plant are generated when every 100 tons of asphalt concrete is produced, the dust collected by the asphalt mixing plant is powder with very fine particles, the particle size of most of the particles is not more than 0.075mm, and the existing treatment mode is landfill; the dust collection ash of asphalt mixing plant that china produced every year reaches thousands of tons, and these accumulations are as the useless powder of mountain, not only need occupy a large amount of lands, cost a large amount of efforts, financial resources to enclose the fender protection, and its influence to the surrounding environment is abominable: wind and dust fly upwards to pollute the atmospheric environment, and rain flows along with water to pollute the irrigation and water conservancy.
The organosilicon waste residue slurry is a waste which causes serious environmental pollution, is generated in the synthesis process of organosilicon monomers, accounts for about 3 percent of the monomer amount, and mainly comprises more high-boiling residues, a small amount of silicon powder, copper powder and trace elements which are brought out by a fluidized bed.
The used oil is impurity oil which is mixed with water, dust, other miscellaneous oil and metal powder generated by machine part abrasion and is replaced, and is also an environmental pollutant.
Wood plastics, also known as wood-plastic composite materials, are a new type of composite materials which have been recently developed at home and abroad. The wood plastic is prepared by mixing polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and the like instead of conventional resin adhesives with wood powder, rice hulls, straws and other waste plant fibers to form a new wood plastic material, and then carrying out processes such as extrusion, die pressing, injection molding and the like. Because the wood plastic is prepared from a large amount of recyclable biomass raw materials, the concepts of resource saving, circular economy, environmental protection, sustainable development and the like are fully embodied, and the wood plastic has a huge expansion space.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the waste materials mentioned in the background technology and the environmental hazards generated by the waste materials, the invention aims to provide the method for manufacturing the wood plastic by utilizing the waste materials.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10 to 50 percent of waste wood material, 30 to 80 percent of waste plastic, 8.8 to 16 percent of dust collecting ash, 1 to 3 percent of organic silicon waste residue slurry and 0.2 to 1 percent of waste engine oil;
2) And mixing the weighed raw materials, putting the mixture into a screw extruder, and performing extrusion granulation or molding to obtain the wood plastic.
Further, the organic silicon waste residue slurry in the step 1) is waste residue slurry generated in the synthesis process of the organic silicon chlorosilane monomer.
Furthermore, waste residue slurry generated in the synthesis process of the organic silicon chlorosilane monomer needs to be hydrolyzed first, and then is subjected to liquid separation to be used in an oil layer part.
The inventor researches and discovers that the oily part of the material after the waste residue slurry generated by the synthesis of the organic silicon monomer is hydrolyzed can effectively improve the compatibility of wood fiber, inorganic dust and plastic resin.
The wood plastic material is mainly composed of natural cellulose, inorganic powder and plastic resin. The natural cellulose is polysaccharide formed by connecting glucose by glycosidic bonds, and each cyclic ring of a repeating unit of a macromolecule on the surface of the fiber contains 3 hydroxyl groups, so that the cellulose has stronger polarity and hydrophilicity. Inorganic powders also exhibit polarity in large part. Most of the plastic resins are nonpolar and have hydrophobicity, so that the interface adhesion between the cellulose and the plastic resin is poor. The waste residue slurry generated by the synthesis of the organic silicon monomer contains mixed methyl chlorosilane, the residual oil phase part after the hydrolysis of the waste residue slurry contains a small amount of hydrochloric acid and a large amount of methyl and hydroxyl silane, and the silane can promote the compatibility of cellulose, inorganic powder and plastic resin.
Further, the waste wood material in the step 1) needs to be dried and crushed to the fineness of 80-200 meshes; the waste wood material is waste plant fiber and comprises waste bamboo wood, rice hulls, straws and the like, and the waste bamboo wood can be leftover materials and waste materials after bamboo and wood processing.
Further, the waste plant fiber is wood plant fiber.
The invention adopts waste plant fibers such as waste bamboo wood, rice hulls, straws and the like as the raw materials of the wood part of the wood plastic, and the waste plant fibers are the naturally degradable part of the wood plastic; the fineness of the waste wood material is selected to be 80-200 meshes, and the fiber in the particle size range is tightly combined with the plastic resin.
Further, the waste plastic in the step 1) is any one of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride recycled plastic.
The invention replaces the conventional plastic resin adhesive with the waste plastic; waste plastics are cleaned, dried and crushed into particles of millimeter or smaller, so as to facilitate the melt mixing in the wood plastic processing process.
Further, the dust collection ash in the step 1) is generated in the drying process of stone containing calcium carbonate in the mixing process of asphalt concrete.
The invention selects the dust collecting ash generated in the drying process of stone containing calcium carbonate in the mixing process of asphalt concrete as the filler of wood plastic, which not only can improve the physical properties of wood plastic and reduce the cost, but also can neutralize the residual acid in the oil layer after the hydrolysis and liquid separation of the selected organic silicon waste residue slurry.
According to the invention, waste residue slurry generated in the synthetic process of the organic silicon chlorosilane monomer is subjected to hydrolysis liquid separation to be used in an oil layer part, and hydrochloric acid is generated in the hydrolysis process; part of hydrochloric acid can remain in the oil layer to influence the strength of the wood plastic prepared subsequently, and the calcium carbonate in the dust collection ash selected by the invention can neutralize the remaining hydrochloric acid, thereby ensuring the strength of the wood plastic.
Furthermore, the dust collection dust has the fineness of less than 200 meshes, and the dust collection dust and the plastic resin are tightly combined in the particle size range.
Further, the used oil in the step 1) needs to be filtered and heated, and then low-boiling-point impurities are removed by a vacuum extraction condensation method.
The waste engine oil selected by the invention is the impurity engine oil which is mixed with water, dust, other miscellaneous oil and replaced metal powder generated by machine part abrasion in use, has a lubricating effect and can effectively improve the lubricating property of wood plastic basic processing.
Further, the temperature of said extrusion of step 2) is not lower than the melting temperature of the selected waste plastics but not more than 200 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes waste wood material, waste plastic, dust collection ash, organic silicon waste residue slurry and waste engine oil as raw materials, adopts a hot extrusion technology to prepare the wood plastic with excellent performance, and can further produce wood plastic products. The preparation raw materials of the wood plastic are all waste materials, so that the environment is protected, and the manufacturing cost of the wood plastic is obviously reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
1. Taking 1kg of fir sawdust of furniture board factories, crushing the sawdust to 80-200 meshes by a crusher, and placing the sawdust in an oven to dry for 2 hours at 110 ℃ for later use;
taking 1kg of a waste polyethylene beverage bottle body, cleaning, crushing the waste polyethylene beverage bottle body to millimeter-grade particles by using a crusher, and drying the particles by using a heating fan for later use;
1kg of dust collection ash (the dust collection ash generated in the drying process of stone containing calcium carbonate in the mixing process of asphalt concrete, the same is applied below) is taken and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and powder with the particle size smaller than 200 meshes is taken for standby;
taking 1kg of waste residue slurry generated in the synthesis process of the organic silicon chlorosilane monomer, dropwise adding 4kg of ice-water mixture while rapidly stirring under the protection of nitrogen, filtering after dropwise adding, separating liquid by using a separating funnel, and taking an oil phase part for later use;
taking 1kg of waste engine oil of an automobile engine, filtering, putting into a reaction kettle, heating to 150 ℃, starting a vacuum pump, removing low-boiling-point impurities in the waste engine oil by adopting a negative pressure condenser, and cooling for later use.
2. 100g of the processed waste wood material, 800g of waste plastic, 88g of dust collection ash, 10g of organic silicon waste residue slurry and 2g of waste engine oil are uniformly mixed by a mixer and then granulated by a small heating screw extruder for laboratories, wherein the extrusion temperature is 160 ℃, and the finished particles are wood polyethylene plastic particles.
Example 2
1. Taking 1kg of rice bran after rice processing, crushing the rice bran into 80-200 meshes by a crusher, and placing the rice bran into an oven to be dried for 2 hours at 110 ℃ for later use;
taking 1kg of waste polyvinyl chloride plastic agricultural film, cleaning, crushing the waste polyvinyl chloride plastic agricultural film into millimeter-sized particles by a crusher, and drying the particles by a heating fan for later use;
1kg of dust collection ash is taken and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and powder smaller than 200 meshes is taken for standby;
taking 1kg of waste residue slurry generated in the synthesis process of the organic silicon chlorosilane monomer, dropwise adding 4kg of ice-water mixture while rapidly stirring under the protection of nitrogen, filtering after dropwise adding, separating by using a separating funnel, and taking an oil phase part for later use;
taking 1kg of waste engine oil of an automobile engine, filtering, putting into a reaction kettle, heating to 150 ℃, starting a vacuum pump, removing low-boiling-point impurities in the waste engine oil by adopting a negative pressure condenser, and cooling for later use.
2. And uniformly mixing 500g of the processed waste wood material, 300g of waste plastic, 160g of dust collection ash, 30g of organic silicon waste residue slurry and 10g of waste engine oil by using a mixer, and then granulating by using a small heating screw extruder for a laboratory, wherein the extrusion temperature is 190 ℃, and the finished particles are wood polyvinyl chloride plastic particles.
Comparative example
1. Taking 1kg of rice bran after rice processing, crushing the rice bran into 80-200 meshes by a crusher, and placing the rice bran into an oven to be dried for 2 hours at 110 ℃ for later use;
taking 1kg of waste polyvinyl chloride plastic agricultural film, cleaning, crushing the waste polyvinyl chloride plastic agricultural film into millimeter-sized particles by a crusher, and drying the particles by a heating fan for later use;
1kg of dust collection ash is taken and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve, and powder smaller than 200 meshes is taken for standby;
taking 1kg of waste engine oil from an automobile engine, filtering, putting into a reaction kettle, heating to 150 ℃, starting a vacuum pump, removing low-boiling-point impurities in the waste engine oil by adopting a negative pressure condenser, and cooling for later use.
2. 500g of the processed waste wood material, 300g of waste plastic, 160g of dust collection ash and 10g of waste engine oil are uniformly mixed by a mixer and then granulated by a small-sized heating screw extruder for laboratories, wherein the extrusion temperature is 190 ℃, and the discharge of a discharge port is in a slag shape and cannot be molded.
Applications of
The wood plastic particles of example 1 and example 2 were used to manufacture floors by wood plastic floor production equipment, and the evaluation results are shown in table 1 with reference to GB/T245908-2009.
TABLE 1
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and any such changes, substitutions, improvements and the like are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for manufacturing the wood plastic by utilizing the waste materials is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10 to 50 percent of waste wood material, 30 to 80 percent of waste plastic, 8.8 to 16 percent of dust collecting ash, 1 to 3 percent of organic silicon waste residue slurry and 0.2 to 1 percent of waste engine oil; the organic silicon waste residue slurry is generated in the synthesis process of an organic silicon chlorosilane monomer, and is hydrolyzed firstly, and then is subjected to liquid separation to be used in an oil layer part;
2) And mixing the weighed raw materials, putting the mixture into a screw extruder, and performing extrusion granulation or molding to obtain the wood plastic.
2. The method for manufacturing wood plastic using waste materials according to claim 1, wherein the waste wood materials of step 1) are dried and pulverized to a fineness of 80-200 mesh; the waste wood material is waste plant fiber.
3. The method for manufacturing wood-based plastic material according to claim 2, wherein the waste plant fiber is wood plant fiber.
4. The method for manufacturing wood-based plastic using waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste plastic of step 1) is any one of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride-based recycled plastic.
5. The method for manufacturing wood-based plastic material using waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dust of step 1) is the dust generated from drying of stone material containing calcium carbonate in the process of mixing asphalt concrete.
6. The method for preparing wood-based plastic by using waste materials as claimed in claim 5, wherein the dust collection fineness is less than 200 meshes.
7. The method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the used oil of step 1) is filtered and heated, and then low boiling point impurities are removed by vacuum extraction condensation.
8. The method for manufacturing wood-based plastics using waste materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the extrusion of step 2) is not lower than the melting temperature of the selected waste plastics but not higher than 200 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111465810.0A CN113980378B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials |
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| CN202111465810.0A CN113980378B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Method for manufacturing wood plastic by using waste materials |
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| CN113980378B true CN113980378B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA2366430A1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-07-02 | Chengjie Zhang | Composite plastic materials produced from waste materials and method of producing same |
| CN101033339B (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2010-10-06 | 同济大学 | Wood-plastic material and its preparation method |
| CN102382324B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-03-20 | 周其强 | Application of organosilicon residues in preparation of silicon rubber modified masterbatches |
| CN102382480B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-03-20 | 周其强 | Application of organosilicon residues in preparation of synthetic rubber asphalt |
| CN110339622A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-18 | 江苏明珠硅橡胶材料有限公司 | A kind of organosilicon slag slurry hydrolysis process method |
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