CN113974965B - Laser capsulorhexis device - Google Patents
Laser capsulorhexis device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113974965B CN113974965B CN202111619476.XA CN202111619476A CN113974965B CN 113974965 B CN113974965 B CN 113974965B CN 202111619476 A CN202111619476 A CN 202111619476A CN 113974965 B CN113974965 B CN 113974965B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0008—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with illuminating means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/102—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
- A61F2009/00861—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser adapted for treatment at a particular location
- A61F2009/0087—Lens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
- A61F2009/00885—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser for treating a particular disease
- A61F2009/00887—Cataract
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
- A61F9/00825—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser for photodisruption
- A61F9/00827—Refractive correction, e.g. lenticle
Abstract
The application provides a laser capsulorhexis device, which utilizes the self-adaptive optics technology to complete the change of laser wavefront on an optical path caused by the relative position change of human eyes and the corneal aberration of the human eyes, the detection of the wavefront aberration of the human eye and the detection of the relative spatial pose of the human eye are realized by an optical coherence tomography system, the obtained detection data is uploaded to a computer, and closed-loop control and adjustment are realized by combining an adaptive optical system, so that the problems that the eyes are fixed by the eye butt joint interface in the traditional technology, and when a doctor manually tears a capsule in the operation, the difficult problem that the capsulorhexis shape, size, position precision are difficult to guarantee realizes the cutting of preceding capsule membrane in real time, developments, accurately, accomplishes the capsulorhexis operation accurately and safely, has improved the precision and the reliability of operation greatly, and the operation uniformity is good, greatly reduced the requirement to the doctor's of carrying out the operation experience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a laser capsulorhexis device.
Background
In the field of lens replacement surgery such as cataract surgery and presbyopia surgery, the original lens of a patient needs to be replaced by an artificial lens to achieve the aim of improving eyesight. The most central step in the lens replacement operation is capsulorhexis, and the prior art is mainly a way for a doctor to tear the capsulorhexis by a manual operation. At present, the ultrasonic emulsification technology is very mature, the manual nucleus crushing technology of doctors is also very mature, and the biggest difficulty in the field of lens replacement is the capsulorhexis link. If the circular capsular bag becomes eccentric or too small, the capsular bag may shrink into a continuous circular capsular bag with a smaller diameter after surgery, causing decentration of the intraocular lens, resulting in capsular bag shrinkage syndrome. Once capsular contraction syndrome occurs, the material of the intraocular lens stimulates the patient to cause inflammatory reaction, so that the aqueous humor barrier of the patient is broken, epithelial cells under the anterior capsule are generated to promote fibrosis and proliferation growth, and the postoperative symptoms such as reduction of the area of a capsulorhexis area, eccentricity of the intraocular lens, contraction and narrowing of the capsular bag, ametropia, visual dysfunction, glare and the like of the patient are caused.
The key of capsulorhexis lies in the control of the shape, size and smoothness of the cut edge of the capsulorhexis membrane. The doctor relies on experience to accomplish manual operation and tears a bag operation uncertainty big, tears a bag uniformity and is difficult to guarantee, tears a bag shape and size precision low, tears the cyst membrane edge comparatively roughly, may cause postoperative bad symptom when serious.
The laser belongs to pulse energy, the duration of each energy pulse is 10-15s, namely femtosecond level, the cutting precision can reach micron level, the instantaneous power is large, and million watts of energy can be released instantaneously during the energy action period. When the laser passes through the transparent material, the energy loss is small, and the damage to the tissues around the eyes is small. The continuity of laser-assisted anterior capsulotomy is significantly better than manual capsulorhexis.
Under the condition of no human eye interface, the position and energy distribution of a focusing light spot in a human eye can be changed along with the influence of the relative position change of the human eye and the corneal aberration of the human eye, so that the technical problem of large uncertainty of capsulorhexis operation is solved.
Currently, the existing lens replacement surgery equipment needs a human eye interface device or other similar devices capable of fixing human eyes to ensure that the human eyes are always relatively fixed in the surgery process. The devices for fixing human eyes need to make vacuum negative pressure so that the devices are attached to and adsorbed by the contact surfaces of the human eyes, the intraocular pressure of the human eyes is increased in the process of operation, a series of side effects of the operation are caused, the health of patients is not good, and the risk of operation infection is increased due to the direct contact of the devices for fixing human eyes and the human eyes of the patients.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a laser capsulorhexis device capable of accurately performing the cutting and capsulorhexis of the anterior capsule in real time.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the application provides a laser capsulorhexis device, includes: the laser device comprises a laser device (1), a high-speed optical switch (101), a laser energy regulator (102), an optical relay system (103), a first beam expanding system (2), a first reflector (3), a reflective spatial light modulator (4), a second reflector (5), a first lens group (801), a second lens group (802), a first vibrating mirror (6), a third lens group (7), a fourth lens group (8), a first dichroic mirror (9), an objective lens (10), a human eye (11), an imaging system (12), a dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), a second vibrating mirror (14), a second dichroic mirror (15), a computer (16) and a human eye illumination system (17), wherein the computer (16) is connected with the laser device (1), the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy regulator (102), the spatial light modulator (4), the first vibrating mirror (6), The first lens group (801), the second lens group (802), the imaging system (12), the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the second galvanometer (14) are electrically connected, wherein:
the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) analyzes the acquired spatial position, posture and cornea information of the human eye (11) to obtain the spatial pose, corneal aberration, corneal topography and cornea three-dimensional data of the human eye and store the data in the computer (16);
the laser (1) emits first laser under the control of the data stored by the computer (16);
the first laser is incident to the first reflector (3) after sequentially passing through the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy regulator (102), the optical relay system (103) and the first beam expanding system (2), the first reflector (3) reflects the incident first laser to the reflective spatial light modulator (4), and the reflective spatial light modulator (4) quantitatively modulates the laser wave front to form a second laser;
the second laser is reflected by the second reflector (5) and then vertically enters the first lens group (801), and then is expanded by the second lens group (802), the first vibrating mirror (6) and the fourth lens group (8) in sequence and then is transmitted to the second dichroic mirror (15), the second dichroic mirror (15) transmits part of the light to be reflected to the objective lens (10) and focused into a spot in the human eye (11), part of light in the second dichroic mirror (15) and visible light emitted by the human eye illumination system (17) are transmitted to the imaging system (12) through the objective lens (10), the second dichroic mirror (15) and the reflector (15) in sequence, the imaging system (12) obtains coordinate data of the human eye on the image plane of the objective lens (10), converts the coordinate data and uploads the coordinate data to the computer (16);
the other part of light of the first dichroic mirror (9) passes through the reflector (15), then the incident direction is adjusted, the light is transmitted to the second galvanometer (14) through the third lens group (7), and then enters the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the imaging system (12) and the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) detect the spatial pose and the image of the human eye in real time and transmit the acquired data to the computer (16);
and the computer (16) performs comprehensive processing according to the eye space pose information detected by the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) and the offset information of the eye on the image plane, which is acquired by the imaging system (12), and adjusts the position of the laser spot emitted by the laser (1) and the quality deviation of the laser spot.
In some of these embodiments, the optical relay system (103) is a light guide arm or a fiber optic transmission.
In some embodiments, the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802) are movably adjustable lens groups, and the position of a femtosecond laser focusing spot along the optical axis direction of the objective lens (10) is adjusted by adjusting the adjustable lens groups of the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802).
In some of these embodiments, the mapping relationship between the position adjustment variables of the adjustable lens groups of the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802) is a one-to-one mapping.
In some of these embodiments, the third lens group (7) and the objective lens (10) are combined into a double telecentric system, enabling coherent tomography of the internal structure of the human eye.
In some of these embodiments, the dual mode optical coherence tomography system (13) is a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system or a swept frequency optical coherence tomography system or a combination thereof, and the dual mode optical coherence tomography system (13) acquires corneal topography and spatial position of the anterior capsule by three-dimensional imaging of the anterior segment of the eye and monitors the spatial position of the eye during surgery.
In some of these embodiments, the human eye's anterior segment comprises the cornea or anterior chamber or iris or ciliary body.
The technical scheme adopted by the application has the following effects:
the application provides a laser capsulorhexis device, includes: the laser device comprises a laser (1), a high-speed optical switch (101), a laser energy regulator (102), an optical relay system (103), a first beam expanding system (2), a first reflector (3), a reflective spatial light modulator (4), a second reflector (5), a first lens group (801), a second lens group (802), a first vibrating mirror (6), a third lens group (7), a fourth lens group (8), a first dichroic mirror (9), an objective lens (10), a human eye (11), an imaging system (12), a dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), a second vibrating mirror (14), a second dichroic mirror (15), a computer (16) and a human eye illumination system (17), wherein the laser capsulorhexis device completes laser wavefront change on an optical path caused by relative position change of the human eye and corneal aberration of the human eye by using the adaptive optics technology, the detection of wavefront aberration of the human eye and the detection of the relative spatial pose of the human eye are realized through an optical coherence tomography system, the obtained detection data are uploaded to a computer, closed-loop control and adjustment are realized by combining an adaptive optical system, the problem that the shape, size and position precision of a capsulorhexis is difficult to guarantee when the traditional technology fixes the human eye by virtue of a human eye butt joint interface and the capsulorhexis is manually performed in a doctor operation is solved, the cutting of a front capsular membrane is realized in real time, dynamically and accurately, the capsulorhexis operation is completed accurately and safely, the accuracy and reliability of the operation are greatly improved, the operation uniformity is good, and the requirements on the experience of a doctor performing the operation are greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser capsulorhexis device provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the laser capsulorhexis device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a laser capsulorhexis device provided in the present application, including: the laser device comprises a laser device (1), a high-speed optical switch (101), a laser energy regulator (102), an optical relay system (103), a first beam expanding system (2), a first reflector (3), a reflective spatial light modulator (4), a second reflector (5), a first lens group (801), a second lens group (802), a first vibrating mirror (6), a third lens group (7), a fourth lens group (8), a first dichroic mirror (9), an objective lens (10), a human eye (11), an imaging system (12), a dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), a second vibrating mirror (14), a second dichroic mirror (15), a computer (16) and a human eye illumination system (17).
The operation of the respective components and their connection relationship will be described in detail below.
In particular, the laser (1) functions to provide a laser light source. It can be understood that the laser (1) emits or shuts off the laser under the control of the computer (16), and the single pulse energy, the pulse time length and the repetition frequency of the laser can be adjusted in real time under the control of the computer (16).
Specifically, the high-speed optical switch (101) is used for controlling the passing or closing of the femtosecond laser in real time in an outer optical path, controlling a femtosecond laser pulse train acting on a human eye (11), controlling the laser pulse filling rate of an acting point in the surgical cutting process and closing a femtosecond laser passage in an emergency, and ensuring the safety of the surgery.
Optionally, the high speed optical switch (101) is a Q-switch or an acousto-optic modulator.
Specifically, the laser energy regulator (102) is used for controlling the action energy of the femtosecond laser in real time according to different requirements of using the femtosecond laser energy in the operation, so that the use of the laser energy is reduced as much as possible while the operation effect is ensured.
Specifically, the optical relay system (103) is a light guide arm or a fiber optic transmission. It can be understood that, under the action of the optical relay system (103), part of the optical module needs to move along with the optical axis of the objective lens (10) in the process of docking with the human eye, and the characteristics that the positions of the input end and the output end of the light guide arm or the optical fiber can be changed coordinately and the influence on the optical transmission quality is small are utilized, so that the laser energy transmission process can be smoothly carried out under the condition that the relative position of the part of the optical component is changed.
Specifically, the first beam expanding system (2) is used for expanding the laser light emitted by the laser (1) so that the laser beam covers more pixel units on the liquid crystal area array of the reflective spatial light modulator (4) as much as possible.
Specifically, the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802) are lens groups with the middle part being movably adjusted, and the position of a femtosecond laser focusing spot along the optical axis direction of the objective lens (10) is adjusted by adjusting the adjustable lens groups of the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802).
Further, the mapping relationship between the position adjustment variables of the adjustable units of the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802) is a one-to-one mapping.
Specifically, the galvanometer (6) is used for adjusting the direction of a light beam incident to the human eye (11) and controllably restricting the position of a light spot incident into the human eye (11) in the X/Y/Z axis direction.
Further, the galvanometer (6) is coaxial with the optical axis of the objective lens (10), and the direction pointed to the imaging system (12) by the human eye (11) is the Z-axis direction of the system control.
Specifically, the third lens group (7) is used for combining with the objective lens (10) to form a double telecentric system, so as to realize coherent tomography on the internal structure of the human eye.
Specifically, the fourth lens group (8) is used for expanding incident beams and improving the quality of light spots focused in human eyes.
Specifically, the surface of the first dichroic mirror (9) is coated with a film to ensure that the second dichroic mirror (15) reflects the light emitted by the laser (1) and the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) in a large proportion and transmits the visible light emitted by the human eye illumination system (17) in a large proportion, and the infrared light (the laser light, the light emitted by the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13)) and the visible light (the light emitted by the human eye illumination system) are separated or combined.
Specifically, the second dichroic mirror (15) functions to merge the optical path of the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system into the main observation optical path.
Specifically, the objective lens (10) functions to precisely focus the laser beam and also functions as a focusing lens of the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) and as an imaging lens of the imaging system 12.
In particular, the human eye illumination system (17) functions to provide illumination to a video surveillance system formed by an imaging system (12) and an objective lens (10).
Optionally, the human eye illumination system (17) is a frequency stabilized flicker free LED illumination source.
Specifically, the imaging system (12) is used for monitoring the operation process in real time for reference of a doctor, and simultaneously detecting the position of human eyes on an image plane for calculation processing of a computer (16).
Specifically, the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) comprises a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system and a swept frequency optical coherence tomography system which are coupled to form a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system (SD-OCT), a swept frequency optical coherence tomography system (SS-OCT) or a combination thereof, and acquires corneal topography and a spatial position of an anterior capsule by three-dimensional imaging of an anterior segment of a human eye and monitors the spatial position of the human eye during surgery.
Further, the anterior segment of the human eye comprises: cornea, anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, etc.
It can be understood that the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) is used for measuring the spatial pose of the cornea of the human eye, the real-time position and the pose of the human eye are obtained by fusing the human eye position data acquired by the camera with the real-time position and the pose of the human eye, and the computer (16) is used for analyzing the corneal wavefront data which are incident on the optical path of the cornea of the human eye after passing through the imaging lens according to the real-time position and the pose of the human eye and by combining the data acquired by the galvanometer (14) and the topographic map and the corneal aberration data of the cornea of the human eye obtained before operation.
Specifically, the second galvanometer (14) is used for controlling the incident direction of light rays emitted by the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) and matching the change of a reference arm inside the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), so that three-dimensional space scanning of a human eye is realized.
Specifically, the computer (16) is electrically connected to the laser (1), the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy adjuster (102), the spatial light modulator (4), the first galvanometer (6), the first lens group (801), the second lens group (802), the imaging system (12), the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the second galvanometer (14), and is configured to provide calculation, control, a human-computer interaction interface, and the like.
The laser capsulorhexis device provided by the above embodiment 1 of the present application has the following working mode:
the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) analyzes the acquired spatial position, posture and cornea information of the human eye (11) to obtain the spatial pose, corneal aberration, corneal topography and cornea three-dimensional data of the human eye and store the data in the computer (16).
The laser (1) emits a first laser under control thereof in accordance with data stored by the computer (16).
The first laser sequentially enters the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy regulator (102), the optical relay system (103) and the first beam expanding system (2) and then enters the first reflector (3), the first reflector (3) reflects the entering first laser to the reflective spatial light modulator (4), and the reflective spatial light modulator (4) quantitatively modulates the laser wave to form second laser.
The second laser is reflected by the second reflector (5) and then vertically enters the first lens group (801), and then is expanded by the second lens group (802), the first vibrating mirror (6) and the fourth lens group (8) in sequence and then is transmitted to the second dichroic mirror (15), the second dichroic mirror (15) transmits part of the light to be reflected to the objective lens (10) and focused into a spot in the human eye (11), part of light in the second dichroic mirror (15) and visible light emitted by the human eye illumination system (17) are transmitted to the imaging system (12) through the objective lens (10), the second dichroic mirror (15) and the reflector (15) in sequence, the imaging system (12) obtains coordinate data of the human eye on the image plane of the objective lens (10), converts the coordinate data and uploads the coordinate data to the computer (16).
And the other part of light of the first dichroic mirror (9) passes through the reflector (15), then the incident direction is adjusted, the light is transmitted to the second galvanometer (14) through the third lens group (7), and then enters the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the imaging system (12) and the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) detect the spatial pose and the image of the human eye in real time and transmit the acquired data to the computer (16).
It can be understood that the first galvanometer (6) carries out real-time and rapid adjustment on the incidence direction of the laser and the incidence direction of the second galvanometer 14 to the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system 13 under the control of the computer 16, so that the direction of the laser beam can be continuously adjusted in real time during the operation, and the real-time spatial pose and image information of human eyes can be obtained.
It can be understood that the imaging system (12), the first dichroic mirror (9), the objective lens (10) and the human eye illumination system (17) form an optical system to image the human eye in real time under the illumination of the human eye illumination light source (17). After the imaging system (12) acquires the image of the human eye (11), the imaging system (12) carries the chip by itself or uploads the image to the computer (16) to calculate and obtain the coordinate data of the human eye (11) on the image plane of the objective lens (10).
And the computer (16) performs comprehensive processing according to the eye space pose information detected by the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) and the offset information of the eye on the image plane, which is acquired by the imaging system (12), and adjusts the position of the laser spot emitted by the laser (1) and the quality deviation of the laser spot.
Specifically, real-time spatial position and attitude parameters of human eyes and corneal aberration information on an optical path are obtained through processing, and then the data of the first galvanometer 6 are combined to obtain the optical path of a convergent light beam which is incident to the human eyes 11 through an objective lens 10 on the cornea of the human eyes; wavefront correction information of the spatial light modulator 4 is obtained through the corneal aberration information and the three-dimensional structure information on the optical path and is transmitted to the spatial light modulator 4, and the spatial light modulator 4 loads correction wavefront to realize correction of gray level images of the position and quality deviation of light spots entering human eyes caused by corneal aberration on the optical path. The laser capsulorhexis device provided by the above embodiment of the present application utilizes the adaptive optics technology to complete the laser wavefront change on the optical path caused by the relative position change of the human eye and the corneal aberration of the human eye, the detection of the wavefront aberration of the human eye and the detection of the relative spatial pose of the human eye are realized by an optical coherence tomography system, the obtained detection data is uploaded to a computer, and closed-loop control and adjustment are realized by combining an adaptive optical system, so that the problems that the eyes are fixed by the eye butt joint interface in the traditional technology, and when a doctor manually tears a capsule in the operation, the difficult problem that the capsulorhexis shape, size, position precision are difficult to guarantee realizes the cutting of preceding capsule membrane in real time, developments, accurately, accomplishes the capsulorhexis operation accurately and safely, has improved the precision and the reliability of operation greatly, and the operation uniformity is good, greatly reduced the requirement to the doctor's of carrying out the operation experience.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of steps of a working method of the laser capsulorhexis device provided in embodiment 2 of the present application includes the following steps:
step S110: the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) analyzes the acquired spatial position, posture and cornea information of the human eye (11) to obtain the spatial pose, corneal aberration, corneal topography and cornea three-dimensional data of the human eye and store the data in the computer (16);
step S120: the laser (1) emits first laser under the control of the data stored by the computer (16);
step S130: the first laser is incident to the first reflector (3) after sequentially passing through the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy regulator (102), the optical relay system (103) and the first beam expanding system (2), the first reflector (3) reflects the incident first laser to the reflective spatial light modulator (4), and the reflective spatial light modulator (4) quantitatively modulates the laser wave front to form a second laser;
step S140: the second laser is reflected by the second reflector (5) and then vertically enters the first lens group (801), and then is expanded by the second lens group (802), the first vibrating mirror (6) and the fourth lens group (8) in sequence and then is transmitted to the second dichroic mirror (15), the second dichroic mirror (15) transmits part of the light to be reflected to the objective lens (10) and focused into a spot in the human eye (11), part of light in the second dichroic mirror (15) and visible light emitted by the human eye illumination system (17) are transmitted to the imaging system (12) through the objective lens (10), the second dichroic mirror (15) and the reflector (15) in sequence, the imaging system (12) obtains coordinate data of the human eye on the image plane of the objective lens (10), converts the coordinate data and uploads the coordinate data to the computer (16);
step S150: and the other part of light of the first dichroic mirror (9) passes through the reflector (15), then the incident direction is adjusted, the light is transmitted to the second galvanometer (14) through the third lens group (7), and then enters the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the imaging system (12) and the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) detect the spatial pose and the image of the human eye in real time and transmit the acquired data to the computer (16).
Step S160: and the computer (16) performs comprehensive processing according to the eye space pose information detected by the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) and the offset information of the eye on the image plane, which is acquired by the imaging system (12), and adjusts the position of the laser spot emitted by the laser (1) and the quality deviation of the laser spot.
The detailed working steps are also described in detail in embodiment 1, and are not described again here.
The working method of the laser capsulorhexis device provided by the above embodiment 2 of the present application utilizes the adaptive optics technology to complete the laser wavefront change on the optical path caused by the relative position change of the human eye and the corneal aberration of the human eye, the detection of the wavefront aberration of the human eye and the detection of the relative spatial pose of the human eye are realized by an optical coherence tomography system, the obtained detection data is uploaded to a computer, and closed-loop control and adjustment are realized by combining an adaptive optical system, so that the problems that the eyes are fixed by the eye butt joint interface in the traditional technology, and when a doctor manually tears a capsule in the operation, the difficult problem that the capsulorhexis shape, size, position precision are difficult to guarantee realizes the cutting of preceding capsule membrane in real time, developments, accurately, accomplishes the capsulorhexis operation accurately and safely, has improved the precision and the reliability of operation greatly, and the operation uniformity is good, greatly reduced the requirement to the doctor's of carrying out the operation experience.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A laser capsulorhexis device, comprising: the laser device comprises a laser device (1), a high-speed optical switch (101), a laser energy regulator (102), an optical relay system (103), a first beam expanding system (2), a first reflector (3), a reflective spatial light modulator (4), a second reflector (5), a first lens group (801), a second lens group (802), a first vibrating mirror (6), a third lens group (7), a fourth lens group (8), a first dichroic mirror (9), an objective lens (10), a human eye (11), an imaging system (12), a dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), a second vibrating mirror (14), a second dichroic mirror (15), a computer (16) and a human eye illumination system (17), wherein the computer (16) is connected with the laser device (1), the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy regulator (102), the spatial light modulator (4), the first vibrating mirror (6), The first lens group (801), the second lens group (802), the imaging system (12), the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the second galvanometer (14) are electrically connected, wherein:
the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) analyzes the acquired spatial position, posture and cornea information of the human eye (11) to obtain the spatial pose, corneal aberration, corneal topography and cornea three-dimensional data of the human eye and store the data in the computer (16);
the laser (1) emits first laser under the control of the data stored by the computer (16);
the first laser is incident to the first reflector (3) after sequentially passing through the high-speed optical switch (101), the laser energy regulator (102), the optical relay system (103) and the first beam expanding system (2), the first reflector (3) reflects the incident first laser to the reflective spatial light modulator (4), and the reflective spatial light modulator (4) quantitatively modulates the laser wave front to form a second laser; the optical relay system (103) is light guide arm or optical fiber transmission, part of optical modules need to move along with the butt joint of the optical axis of the objective lens (10) and human eyes under the action of the optical relay system (103), and the characteristics that the positions of the input end and the output end of the light guide arm or the optical fiber can be coordinately changed and the influence on the optical transmission quality is small are utilized, so that the laser energy transmission process can be smoothly carried out under the condition that part of relative position of an optical component is changed;
the second laser is reflected by the second reflector (5) and then vertically enters the first lens group (801), and then is expanded by the second lens group (802), the first vibrating mirror (6) and the fourth lens group (8) in sequence and then is transmitted to the first dichroic mirror (9), the first dichroic mirror (9) reflects part of the light to the objective lens (10) and focuses it into a spot in the human eye (11), part of light in the first dichroic mirror (9) and visible light emitted by the human eye illumination system (17) are transmitted to the imaging system (12) through the objective lens (10), the first dichroic mirror (9) and the second dichroic mirror (15) in sequence, the imaging system (12) obtains coordinate data of the human eye on the image plane of the objective lens (10), converts the coordinate data and uploads the coordinate data to the computer (16);
the other part of light of the first dichroic mirror (9) passes through the second dichroic mirror (15), then the incident direction is adjusted, the light is transmitted to the second galvanometer (14) through the third lens group (7), and then enters the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13), and the imaging system (12) and the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) detect the spatial pose and the image of the human eye in real time and transmit the acquired data to the computer (16);
the computer (16) carries out comprehensive processing according to the eye space pose information detected by the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) and the offset information of the eye on the image plane, which is acquired by the imaging system (12), and adjusts the position of a light spot and the quality deviation of the light spot, which are emitted by the laser (1) and incident on the laser;
the computer (16) analyzes the data collected by the second galvanometer (14) and the cornea topographic map and corneal aberration data of the human eye obtained before the operation according to the real-time position and posture of the human eye to obtain corneal wavefront data which are incident on a cornea optical path of the human eye after passing through an imaging lens;
the computer (16) is used for processing to obtain real-time space position and attitude parameters of human eyes and corneal aberration information on an optical path, and then the computer is combined with data of the first galvanometer (6) to obtain the optical path of the convergent light beam which enters the human eyes (11) through the objective lens (10) and is on the cornea of the human eyes; and wavefront correction information of the reflective spatial light modulator (4) is obtained through the corneal aberration information and the three-dimensional structure information on the optical path and is transmitted to the reflective spatial light modulator (4), and the reflective spatial light modulator (4) loads a correction wavefront to realize correction of gray level images of the position and quality deviation of light spots incident into human eyes caused by corneal aberration on the optical path.
2. The laser capsulorhexis device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802) are movably adjustable lens groups, and the position adjustment of the femtosecond laser focusing spot along the optical axis direction of the objective lens (10) is realized through the adjustment of the adjustable lens groups of the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802).
3. The laser capsularhexis device of claim 2, wherein a mapping relationship between position adjustment variables of the adjustable lens group of the first lens group (801) and the second lens group (802) is a one-to-one mapping.
4. The laser capsulorhexis device according to claim 1, wherein said third lens group (7) is combined with said objective lens (10) to form a double telecentric system, enabling coherent tomographic imaging of the internal structure of the human eye.
5. The laser capsulorhexis device according to claim 1, wherein the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) is a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system or a swept frequency optical coherence tomography system or a combination thereof, and the dual-mode optical coherence tomography system (13) acquires the corneal topography and the spatial position of the anterior capsule by three-dimensional imaging of the anterior segment of the human eye and monitors the spatial position of the human eye during the operation.
6. The laser capsulorhexis device of claim 5, wherein the human eye anterior segment comprises a cornea or an anterior chamber or an iris or a ciliary body.
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