CN113972809A - Magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device and method utilizing thermal energy - Google Patents
Magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device and method utilizing thermal energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113972809A CN113972809A CN202111255276.0A CN202111255276A CN113972809A CN 113972809 A CN113972809 A CN 113972809A CN 202111255276 A CN202111255276 A CN 202111255276A CN 113972809 A CN113972809 A CN 113972809A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/085—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators with conducting liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/12—Constructional details of fluid channels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device and method by utilizing thermal energy, comprising the following steps: the magnetofluid heat collector, the magnetofluid conveying pipeline, the magnetofluid cooler and the magnetofluid power generation device are connected in sequence; the magnetofluid power generation device is connected with the magnetofluid heat collector through a magnetofluid return pipeline; the magnetofluid heat collector can absorb and store heat, and the heat can enable magnetofluid working media in the magnetofluid heat collector to naturally flow to the magnetofluid cooler through a magnetofluid upstream pipeline due to thermal expansion; the magnetofluid cooler can enable the magnetofluid working medium to shrink due to cooling, so that the magnetofluid power generation device generates electric field potential energy and transmits the electric field potential energy to an external load; and the magnetofluid working medium flows back to the magnetofluid heat collector again. The invention relates to an electromagnetic induction generating set which operates without mechanical power, and operates in a natural circulation power mode in a closed-loop pipeline in a fluid or gas cold and hot density alternating mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetofluid power generation, in particular to a magnetofluid natural circulation power generation device and method utilizing thermal energy.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The application technology of generating electricity by utilizing the radiation or conduction heat of solar energy, underground or water surface and other resources and the radiation or conduction heat effect of waste heat generated in industrial production and manufacturing has a plurality of mature industrial product devices. However, in terms of product devices and equipment using the magnetohydrodynamic power generation technology or the waste heat power generation technology, except for large-scale industrial magnetohydrodynamic power generation equipment and industrial waste heat power generation equipment, no substitute product device similar to a solar photovoltaic panel power generation device is available for industry and civilian use.
The magnetohydrodynamic power generation is based on the electromagnetic induction principle and utilizes the relative motion of a conductive magnetofluid (gas or liquid) and a magnetic field to generate power. Referring to fig. 1, when the conductive magnetic fluid flows across the magnetic field B in the channel, an electric field E is induced in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and the flow velocity due to electromagnetic induction, and when the conductive fluid is connected to an external load, the energy in the conductive fluid can be directly converted into electric energy and output to the external load.
In the currently applied magnetofluid power generation technology, the devices and equipment are all applied to thermal power source power generation in large-scale thermal power generation industry, and the main application technology comprises the following steps: high-temperature plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generation technology and low-melting-point magnetohydrodynamic power generation technology.
The waste heat power generation refers to a technology of converting redundant heat energy generated by heating equipment into electric energy in an industrial production process. The main equipment for generating electricity by waste heat is a waste heat boiler, namely the boiler utilizes heat or combustible substances in working media such as waste gas, waste liquid and the like as heat sources to produce steam which is then used for operating a generator set so as to generate electric energy; the prior waste heat power generation technology generally adopts direct utilization power generation, indirect utilization power generation, comprehensive utilization of waste heat power generation and the like.
In the application range of the currently known magnetohydrodynamic power generation technology and waste heat power generation technology, no matter whether magnetohydrodynamic power generation equipment or waste heat power generation equipment is an industrial large-scale large-capacity power generation device, the problems of large device equipment volume, complex operation structure of a generator set, limited application range by scene environmental conditions and the like exist; for example: in some industrial production fields which have small field space environment but can generate electricity by using mass production waste heat, the two large-capacity power generation devices cannot be applied to waste heat power generation because the conventional waste heat power generation device has a large volume, is limited by scene conditions and economic benefits. The following steps are repeated: in many metallurgical industries, such as an electrolytic cell in an electrolytic aluminum plant, although a large amount of waste heat is generated in the aluminum production and manufacturing process, due to the limitation of the use scene conditions at two sides and the periphery of the electrolytic cell and the limitation of economic benefits, even if the waste heat power generation is very expected to be applied, the current reality is that neither the waste heat power generation equipment with large volume of application equipment and complex operation structure of a generator set can be installed, nor is a waste heat power generation equipment device which is simple and convenient to install, simple in equipment structure, long in service life and small in size and can operate through natural circulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device and a method by utilizing thermal energy, and the magnetic fluid or electric magnetic fluid device with the expansion-cooling natural circulation motion state function is formed by utilizing the characteristics of small thermal state density and large cold state density of a magnetic fluid or electric magnetic fluid working medium.
In some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing thermal energy comprises: the magnetofluid heat collector, the magnetofluid conveying pipeline, the magnetofluid cooler and the magnetofluid power generation device are connected in sequence; the magnetofluid power generation device is connected with the magnetofluid heat collector through a magnetofluid return pipeline;
the magnetofluid heat collector can absorb and store heat, and the heat can enable magnetofluid working media in the magnetofluid heat collector to naturally flow to the magnetofluid cooler through a magnetofluid upstream pipeline due to thermal expansion; the magnetofluid cooler can enable the magnetofluid working medium to shrink due to cooling, so that the magnetofluid power generation device generates electric field potential energy and transmits the electric field potential energy to an external load; and the magnetofluid working medium flows back to the magnetofluid heat collector again.
As a further scheme, the magnetofluid working medium is a liquid mixed substance with heat conduction and magnetic conduction functions.
As a further aspect, the magnetic fluid working medium comprises: propylene glycol or ethylene glycol liquid substances, and metal liquid substances that enhance electrical or magnetic conductivity.
As a further scheme, the magnetic fluid heat collectors are distributed and installed according to the positions of devices generating heat.
As a further scheme, the magnetofluid heat collector is arranged into a flat plate type, a spiral pipe type or a U-shaped pipe type according to the space of the installation position.
As a further scheme, a one-way valve is arranged on the magnetic fluid return pipeline.
In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing waste heat of side walls of an electrolytic aluminum tank comprises: the device comprises at least one electrolytic aluminum tank, and a magnetofluid heat collector is arranged at the spatial position of the side surface of each electrolytic aluminum tank; each magnetofluid heat collector is connected with a magnetofluid cooler through a magnetofluid conveying pipeline, the magnetofluid cooler is connected with a magnetofluid power generation device, and the magnetofluid power generation device is connected with the magnetofluid heat collectors through a magnetofluid returning pipeline.
In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing solar radiant heat comprises: the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing thermal energy as described in any one of the above; wherein the magnetofluid thermal collector receives solar radiant heat energy.
In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the utility model provides an utilize magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation facility of heat transfer type solar water heater which characterized in that includes: the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing the thermal energy; wherein the magnetofluid thermal collector receives solar radiant heat energy.
In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation method utilizing thermal energy comprises the following steps:
the magnetofluid heat collector absorbs and stores heat energy from the heat radiation source or the heat conduction source;
the magnetofluid working medium in the magnetofluid heat collector expands due to heating and naturally flows and expands towards the magnetofluid cooler through the magnetofluid conveying pipeline;
the magnetofluid working medium flowing into the magnetofluid cooler generates electric field potential energy through the magnetofluid power generation device due to cooling contraction and transmits the electric field potential energy to an external load; and the magnetofluid working medium in the magnetofluid power generation device returns to the magnetofluid heat collector through the magnetofluid return pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a magnetofluid power generation process utilizing a closed-loop operation of an electromagnetic induction device by utilizing a magnetofluid working medium with magnetoelectric conductor properties to generate different variable natural circulation motion states due to expansion and contraction of liquid density in a cold and hot temperature conversion environment of the magnetofluid circulation power generation device, which is an electromagnetic induction power generation device operating without mechanical power and operating with natural circulation power in a closed-loop pipeline in a form of alternating cold and hot densities of fluid or gas.
(2) The magnetic fluid working medium in the magnetic fluid circulation power generation device is a liquid mixed substance with heat conduction and magnetic conduction functions, and after being heated by heat radiation outside a heat collection pipeline, the magnetic or electric conduction magnetic fluid working medium can form magnetic or electric conduction magnetic fluid with the functions of expansion-cooling natural circulation motion states by utilizing the characteristics of small hot liquid state density and large cold liquid state density.
(3) In the current magnetofluid power generation devices, a large-volume mechanical power and magnetofluid circulating work operation mode is adopted, and the application field of the magnetofluid power generation devices is mainly limited to the operation of large-scale industrial power generation devices; the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device provided by the invention has the characteristics of no mechanical power, capability of using various cooling modes such as water, air and the like, and the volume of the device can be suitable for application scenes of different use environments such as industry, civil use, large size, small size and the like, so that the device has the technical characteristic of wide application range of the power generation device.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic working structure of a magnetohydrodynamic generation device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat collecting tube magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using waste heat of the side wall of an electrolytic aluminum cell in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flat-plate magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing solar radiant heat in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using a household heat exchange type solar water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the system comprises a magnetofluid heat collector 1, a magnetofluid conveying pipeline 2, a magnetofluid cooler 3, a magnetofluid power generation device 4, a magnetofluid return pipeline 5, a one-way valve 6, a magnetofluid working medium 7, a thermal radiation source or a thermal conduction source 8, a load 9, an electrolytic aluminum tank 10, an electrolytic aluminum tank 11, an electrolytic aluminum tank side wall 12 and solar radiation heat energy.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example one
In one or more embodiments, disclosed is a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy, as shown in fig. 2, including: the device comprises a magnetofluid heat collector 1, a magnetofluid conveying pipeline 2, a magnetofluid cooler 3 and a magnetofluid power generation device 4 which are connected in sequence; the magnetofluid power generation device 4 is connected with the magnetofluid heat collector 1 through a magnetofluid return pipeline.
The magnetofluid heat collector 1 can absorb and store heat, and the heat can enable a magnetofluid working medium 7 in the magnetofluid heat collector 1 to naturally flow to the magnetofluid cooler 3 through a magnetofluid upstream pipeline due to thermal expansion; the magnetofluid cooler 3 can ensure that the magnetofluid working medium 7 shrinks due to cooling, so that the magnetofluid power generation device 4 generates electric field potential energy and transmits the electric field potential energy to the external load 9; the magnetofluid working medium 7 flows back to the magnetofluid heat collector 1 again through the magnetofluid return pipeline; the magnetofluid return pipeline is provided with a one-way valve 6, so that the magnetofluid working medium 7 can only flow in one direction from the magnetofluid power generation device 4 to the magnetofluid heat collector 1.
When the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device works, when the magnetic fluid working medium 7 is in the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device and is influenced by a cold and hot temperature conversion environment, the density of the liquid working medium can generate an expansion and contraction form which is continuously changed, at the moment, the liquid working medium can form a motion state of natural circulation in a closed pipeline, and the natural circulation motion process with the magnetoelectric liquid is adopted, so that the power generation working process of closed-loop operation by using the magnetic fluid electromagnetic induction device is completed.
In this embodiment, the magnetofluid working medium 7 in the magnetofluid circulation power generation device is a liquid mixed substance having heat conduction and magnetic functions, and includes not only liquid substances with large thermal density expansion volume and low boiling point, such as propylene glycol or ethylene glycol, but also metal liquid substances with enhanced electric conduction or magnetic conductivity, that is, the two liquid substances constitute the magnetofluid working medium with magnetic conduction or electric conduction properties. After being heated by the heat radiation outside the heat collection pipe, the magnetic or electric conductive magnetofluid with the expansion-cooling natural circulation motion state function can be formed by utilizing the characteristics of small thermal state density and large cold liquid state density of the magnetic or electric conductive magnetofluid working medium.
In this embodiment, the number of the magnetic fluid heat collectors 1 may be multiple, some waste heat is often generated in industrial production, the magnetic fluid heat collectors 1 with different shapes may be designed and manufactured according to the spatial position of the device generating the waste heat, and a waste heat utilization magnetic fluid power generation device 4 is formed by adopting the installation and application modes of scattered installation and combined centralized cooling; the magnetofluid heat collector 1 can be designed into a flat plate type, a spiral tube type, a U-shaped tube type or other heat collectors according to the space environment of an application scene so as to adapt to different installation and use environments.
Example two
In one or more embodiments, a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using waste heat of an electrolytic aluminum cell sidewall 11 is disclosed, and with reference to fig. 3, the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device specifically includes: the device comprises at least one electrolytic aluminum tank 10, and magnetic fluid heat collectors 1 are respectively arranged at the spatial positions of two side surfaces of each electrolytic aluminum tank 10; each magnetofluid heat collector 1 is connected with a magnetofluid cooler 3 through a magnetofluid conveying pipeline 2, the magnetofluid cooler 3 is connected with a magnetofluid power generation device 4, and the magnetofluid power generation device 4 is connected with the magnetofluid heat collector 1 through a magnetofluid returning pipeline.
Usually, the temperature of the waste heat generated in the lower space of the side wall 11 of the electrolytic aluminum tank is about 150 ℃, and a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device consisting of N magnetic fluid heat collectors 1 is arranged in the space of the two sides of the side wall 11 of the electrolytic aluminum tank, so that the waste heat generated in the electrolytic aluminum tank 10 can be used for power generation.
The magnetofluid heat collector 1 can be designed into a flat plate type, a spiral tube type, a U-shaped tube type or other heat collectors.
EXAMPLE III
In one or more embodiments, a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using solar radiant heat is disclosed, and referring to fig. 4, the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy described in the first embodiment is included. The magnetofluid heat collector 1 absorbs solar radiation heat energy 12, the magnetofluid heat collector 1 is a flat plate type, and other forms can be selected according to needs.
In the embodiment, the magnetofluid working medium is in a liquid-cooled low-density state at night, and is heated by solar energy and then expanded in the magnetofluid heat collector 1, circularly ascends to a cold water tank for cooling, then is changed from heat to cold, and is transited to a low-density shrinkage state; thereby, power generation using solar radiant heat 12 can be achieved.
The magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device of the embodiment not only can replace the function of a solar photovoltaic panel power generation device, but also has the advantages of less total carbon emission amount, maintenance-free and long-service-life operation power generation compared with the solar photovoltaic panel power generation device in the manufacturing process.
Example four
In one or more embodiments, a magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using a household heat exchange type solar water heater is disclosed, and referring to fig. 5, the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy described in the first embodiment is included. The magnetofluid heat collector 1 absorbs solar radiation heat energy 12, the magnetofluid heat collector 1 is in a spiral pipe type, and other forms can be selected according to needs.
The device can form the heat exchange type solar water heater magnetic fluid power generation device with different specifications and shapes, can not only enable thousands of families to use the original functions of the water heater, but also can utilize the magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device to generate power, and provides low-power green electric energy for illumination, emergency power supplies and the like for the families.
EXAMPLE five
In one or more embodiments, disclosed is a method for generating power by utilizing the natural circulation of magnetic fluid by thermal energy, which comprises the following processes:
the magnetofluid heat collector 1 absorbs and stores thermal energy from the thermal radiation source or the thermal conduction source 8;
the magnetofluid working medium 7 in the magnetofluid heat collector 1 naturally flows and expands towards the magnetofluid cooler 3 through the magnetofluid conveying pipeline 2 due to the expansion caused by heating;
the magnetofluid working medium 7 flowing into the magnetofluid cooler 3 generates electric field potential energy through the magnetofluid power generation device 4 due to cooling contraction and transmits the electric field potential energy to the external load 9; and the magnetofluid working medium 7 in the magnetofluid power generation device 4 returns to the magnetofluid heat collector 1 through a magnetofluid return pipeline.
Specifically, when a thermal radiation or conduction source generates a certain amount of thermal energy, the generated heat is absorbed and gathered by the magnetofluid heat collector 1, when the magnetofluid working medium 7 stored in the magnetofluid heat collector 1 is in a high-density expansion state due to heated liquid, the magnetofluid working medium 7 flows into the magnetofluid cooler 3 by natural flow expansion in the direction of the magnetofluid cooler 3 through the magnetofluid conveying pipeline 2, and after being cooled by the magnetofluid cooler 3, and when the cooling liquid is in a low-density contraction state, the magnetofluid working medium flows into the magnetofluid return pipeline 5 after being conveyed to an external load 9 through electric field potential energy generated by the magnetofluid power generation device 4 (see the working principle of fig. 1), and then enters the magnetofluid heat collector 1 through the one-way pipeline valve, thereby completing the natural thermal circulation motion process of the magnetofluid working medium.
In the embodiment, the magnetofluid working medium with the property of magnetoelectric conductor generates different changed natural circulation motion states due to expansion and contraction of liquid density in the cold-hot temperature conversion environment of the magnetofluid circulation power generation device, so that a magnetofluid power generation process of closed-loop operation by using an electromagnetic induction device is completed.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing thermal energy is characterized by comprising: the magnetofluid heat collector, the magnetofluid conveying pipeline, the magnetofluid cooler and the magnetofluid power generation device are connected in sequence; the magnetofluid power generation device is connected with the magnetofluid heat collector through a magnetofluid return pipeline;
the magnetofluid heat collector can absorb and store heat, and the heat can enable magnetofluid working media in the magnetofluid heat collector to naturally flow to the magnetofluid cooler through a magnetofluid upstream pipeline due to thermal expansion; the magnetofluid cooler can enable the magnetofluid working medium to shrink due to cooling, so that the magnetofluid power generation device generates electric field potential energy and transmits the electric field potential energy to an external load; and the magnetofluid working medium flows back to the magnetofluid heat collector again.
2. The natural circulation magnetic fluid power generation device using thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working medium of the magnetic fluid is a liquid mixture with heat and magnetic conduction functions.
3. The magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing thermal energy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the magnetic fluid working medium comprises: propylene glycol or ethylene glycol liquid substances, and metal liquid substances that enhance electrical or magnetic conductivity.
4. The magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein the number of the magnetic fluid heat collectors is plural and the magnetic fluid heat collectors are installed dispersedly according to the location of the device generating heat.
5. The magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic fluid heat collector is arranged in a flat plate type, a spiral tube type or a U-shaped tube type according to the space of the installation position.
6. The magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing thermal energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein a one-way valve is arranged on the magnetic fluid return pipeline.
7. A magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing waste heat of side walls of an electrolytic aluminum tank is characterized by comprising: the device comprises at least one electrolytic aluminum tank, and a magnetofluid heat collector is arranged at the spatial position of the side surface of each electrolytic aluminum tank; each magnetofluid heat collector is connected with a magnetofluid cooler through a magnetofluid conveying pipeline, the magnetofluid cooler is connected with a magnetofluid power generation device, and the magnetofluid power generation device is connected with the magnetofluid heat collectors through a magnetofluid returning pipeline.
8. A magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation device utilizing solar radiant heat is characterized by comprising: the magnetofluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy of any one of claims 1 to 6; wherein the magnetofluid thermal collector receives solar radiant heat energy.
9. The utility model provides an utilize magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation facility of heat transfer type solar water heater which characterized in that includes: the magnetofluid natural circulation power generation device using thermal energy of any one of claims 1 to 6; wherein the magnetofluid thermal collector receives solar radiant heat energy.
10. A magnetic fluid natural circulation power generation method utilizing thermal energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the magnetofluid heat collector absorbs and stores heat energy from the heat radiation source or the heat conduction source;
the magnetofluid working medium in the magnetofluid heat collector expands due to heating and naturally flows and expands towards the magnetofluid cooler through the magnetofluid conveying pipeline;
the magnetofluid working medium flowing into the magnetofluid cooler generates electric field potential energy through the magnetofluid power generation device due to cooling contraction and transmits the electric field potential energy to an external load; and the magnetofluid working medium in the magnetofluid power generation device returns to the magnetofluid heat collector through the magnetofluid return pipeline.
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