CN113969351A - Method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating - Google Patents
Method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating is characterized in that a furnace body of a direct-current submerged arc furnace adopts a square groove type structure, two rows of multi-loop metal electrodes arranged in parallel are adopted in the direct-current submerged arc furnace, carbon-free distribution is carried out between the metal electrodes, and carbon distribution is carried out at other parts of the furnace body; and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy between the metal electrodes by utilizing an electrochemical reaction, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy at other parts of the furnace body by utilizing a reduction reaction. The method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through the multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating can save energy and reduce carbon consumption when producing the silicon-manganese alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating.
Background
Manganese and silicon are the major alloying elements used in carbon steel. Manganese is one of the most important deoxidizers in steel making, and almost all steel grades require deoxidation with manganese. Silicon is the second most important alloying element of pig iron and carbon steel to manganese. The preparation of the silicon-manganese alloy has two methods, namely a carbothermic method and an electrolytic method.
The traditional smelting process of silicon-manganese alloy adopts a reduction method, namely smelting in a submerged arc furnace, and is an industrial electric furnace with huge power consumption and carbon consumption. The submerged arc furnace is divided into an alternating current submerged arc furnace and a direct current submerged arc furnace. At present, the alternating-current submerged arc furnace is widely applied, three electrodes are adopted, electric arc transfer can occur in the smelting process, and the energy efficiency is reduced due to the problem of side current. And the arc burning of the alternating-current submerged arc furnace is discontinuous, and the arc undergoes two arc extinguishing-ignition processes every period of voltage alternation, thereby causing noise. The AC submerged arc furnace has short network inductive reactance and overlarge impedance, so that the effective power of the AC submerged arc furnace is lower, and the power factor of the AC submerged arc furnace is about 0.85 generally. Meanwhile, the consumption of the three electrodes is uneven, and the heating efficiency is lower. In recent years, due to the development and application of high-power thyristor technology, the manufacturing technical problem of high-power direct-current power supply equipment is solved, and therefore direct-current arc technology is emphasized. The direct-current submerged arc furnace technology avoids the defects of eddy current, skin effect, noise, dust and the like which cannot be solved by the traditional alternating-current furnace production, the power factor is as high as 0.93, and the effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction are obvious. However, due to the immature technology, many problems occur in the actual production, such as poor electrode baking effect, high secondary voltage, insufficient temperature resistance of part of equipment and insufficient processing capacity.
The electrolytic method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy needs the steps of cathode preparation, fused salt pretreatment, pre-electrolysis, electrolysis and the like, and has huge power consumption and low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating, which can save energy and reduce carbon consumption when producing the silicon-manganese alloy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating is characterized in that a furnace body of a direct-current submerged arc furnace adopts a square groove type structure, two rows of multi-loop metal electrodes arranged in parallel are adopted in the direct-current submerged arc furnace, carbon-free distribution is carried out between the metal electrodes, and carbon distribution is carried out at other parts of the furnace body; and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy between the metal electrodes by utilizing an electrochemical reaction, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy at other parts of the furnace body by utilizing a reduction reaction.
Further, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) a carbon-free material distribution port and a carbon distribution port are respectively arranged on a furnace cover of the direct-current submerged arc furnace, and the carbon-free material distribution port is positioned at the center between two metal electrodes or at the center between four metal electrodes; the carbon preparation and distribution port is positioned at the periphery of the metal electrode;
(2) immersing the metal electrode into a silicomanganese oxide mineral aggregate positioned at the bottom of the furnace, and forming the silicomanganese oxide mineral aggregate into a molten mass by adopting an electric arc heating mode;
(3) adding a small-granularity mixed mineral aggregate without adding coke through the carbon-free material distribution port, forming an electrochemical reaction system between the metal electrodes, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using an electrolysis method;
(4) after the temperature in the furnace is raised, adding mixed mineral aggregate with normal granularity and coke through the carbon-blending material-distributing port, forming a reduction reaction system at the periphery of the metal electrode, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using a reduction method.
Further, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating is adopted, and the metal electrode is a nickel rod.
Furthermore, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis by the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating has the advantages that the particle size of the mixed mineral aggregate with small particle size and no coke is 15-25 mm.
Further, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis by the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating has the advantages that the normal granularity is realized, and the particle size of the mixed mineral aggregate mixed with coke is 75-85 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis, so that the electrical efficiency can be improved, the service life of the electrode can be prolonged, the inductive reactance of a short network can be reduced, the power factor can be improved, and the power consumption can be reduced; meanwhile, the consumption of reducing agents such as coke and the like is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the direct current electric arc heating melting speed is fast, the heating efficiency is high, and the heating effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a direct-current ore-smelting furnace for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by a reduction and electrolysis synergistic method;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the DC submerged arc furnace.
In the figure: 1 is a furnace body; 2 is a furnace cover; 3 is a metal electrode; 4 is a carbon-free material distribution port; 5, a carbon distribution port is prepared; 6 is an electrochemical reaction system; 7 is a reduction reaction system.
Detailed Description
The silicon-manganese alloy has the following composition requirements: the manganese content is 60-63%, and the silicon content is 20-23%. The silicon-manganese ore material comprises Australite, carbonate ore, Myan original ore, Guangxi ore, Myan ore, sinter ore, placer ore and dry slag in a ratio of 21:15:20:12:8:10:8: 6. The chemical composition of the different types of mineral aggregates is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of mineral aggregates (mass fraction wt%)
A part of the mixed mineral aggregate was processed into a mixed mineral aggregate having a small particle size of 20mm without adding coke.
And adding a certain amount of coke as a reducing agent into the other part of the mixed mineral aggregate according to the proportion, processing the mixed mineral aggregate into the mixed mineral aggregate with the normal granularity of 80mm and blending the mixed mineral aggregate into the coke.
The furnace body 1 of the direct-current submerged arc furnace adopts a square groove type structure, and two rows of multi-loop metal electrodes 3 which are arranged in parallel are adopted in the direct-current submerged arc furnace; the cathode and anode metal electrodes 3 are nickel rods, are suspended in the direct current ore-smelting furnace through the electrode holder, the distance between the metal electrodes 3 and the furnace bottom is 1.1m, and the metal electrodes 3 are connected with a direct current power supply. A carbon-free material distribution port 4 and a carbon distribution port 5 are respectively arranged on a furnace cover 2 of the direct-current submerged arc furnace, and the carbon-free material distribution port 4 is positioned at the center between two metal electrodes 3 or the center between four metal electrodes 3; the carbon preparation and distribution port 5 is positioned at the periphery of the metal electrode 3.
A cylindrical iron barrel with the same diameter as the metal electrode is arranged under the metal electrode 3, and coke blocks are filled in the iron barrel. After the power is switched on, the metal electrode 3 and the coke block are in short-time contact, and then are separated from each other and keep a certain distance, so that electric arcs can appear between the metal electrode 3 and the coke block. The secondary voltage rating of the transformer is 125V.
In the direct-current ore smelting furnace, the temperature of the ore material is raised through the combined action of arc heat and joule heat, a molten mass is formed around the metal electrode 3, and the melting temperature range of the mixed ore material is 1150-1440 ℃. And (4) judging the range and the depth of the molten mass by observing the numerical values of an ammeter and a voltmeter to form an electrochemical system.
In the molten body area, mixed mineral aggregate with small granularity and without coke is added through the carbon-free material distribution port 4, an electrochemical reaction system 6 is formed between the metal electrodes 3, and the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by an electrolysis method.
And adding a mixed mineral aggregate with normal granularity and added coke through the carbon-blending material-distributing port 5, forming a reduction reaction system 7 at the periphery of the metal electrode 3, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using a reduction method.
The silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by a reduction and electrolysis synergistic method, the energy-saving effect of the direct-current submerged arc furnace reaches 10%, and the carbon reduction effect reaches 3% -5%.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating is characterized in that a furnace body of a direct-current submerged arc furnace adopts a square groove type structure, two rows of multi-loop metal electrodes arranged in parallel are adopted in the direct-current submerged arc furnace, carbon-free distribution is carried out between the metal electrodes, and carbon distribution is carried out at other parts of the furnace body; and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy between the metal electrodes by utilizing an electrochemical reaction, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy at other parts of the furnace body by utilizing a reduction reaction.
2. The method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a carbon-free material distribution port and a carbon distribution port are respectively arranged on a furnace cover of the direct-current submerged arc furnace, and the carbon-free material distribution port is positioned at the center between two metal electrodes or at the center between four metal electrodes; the carbon preparation and distribution port is positioned at the periphery of the metal electrode;
(2) immersing the metal electrode into a silicomanganese oxide mineral aggregate positioned at the bottom of the furnace, and forming the silicomanganese oxide mineral aggregate into a molten mass by adopting an electric arc heating mode;
(3) adding a small-granularity mixed mineral aggregate without adding coke through the carbon-free material distribution port, forming an electrochemical reaction system between the metal electrodes, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using an electrolysis method;
(4) after the temperature in the furnace is raised, adding mixed mineral aggregate with normal granularity and coke through the carbon-blending material-distributing port, forming a reduction reaction system at the periphery of the metal electrode, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using a reduction method.
3. The method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating according to claim 2, wherein the metal electrode is a nickel rod.
4. The method for preparing Si-Mn alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating according to claim 2, wherein the particle size of the mixed mineral aggregate with small particle size and no coke is 15-25 mm.
5. The method for preparing Si-Mn alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating according to claim 2, wherein the mixed mineral aggregate with normal particle size and added with coke has a particle size of 75-85 mm.
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101298641A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-11-05 | 北京科技大学 | Metallic element carbon hot melting reduction continuous reactor |
| CN102220608A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-19 | 河北联合大学 | Preparation method of silicon-manganese alloy |
| CN102703704A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 柳州市金螺机械有限责任公司 | Method for smelting metal ores |
| RU2550983C1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-20 | Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-производственное предприятие "ИНЖМЕТ" | Ore-thermal furnace with hot hearth and high-current lead |
| CN206069976U (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-04-05 | 中成致远有限公司 | A kind of association type silicomangan production system |
| CN108411065A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method and device for manganese alloying by using manganese ore |
| CN109576509A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-04-05 | 宁夏诚飞商贸有限公司 | A kind of silicomangan and preparation method thereof |
| CN111187909A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-22 | 北京欧菲金太科技有限责任公司 | DC Al-Si alloy ore-smelting furnace |
| CN112430755A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-03-02 | 嘉峪关宏电铁合金有限责任公司 | Process for smelting common silicon-manganese alloy and rapidly converting high-silicon-manganese alloy in submerged arc furnace |
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- 2021-11-22 CN CN202111382195.7A patent/CN113969351B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101298641A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-11-05 | 北京科技大学 | Metallic element carbon hot melting reduction continuous reactor |
| CN102220608A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-19 | 河北联合大学 | Preparation method of silicon-manganese alloy |
| CN102703704A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 柳州市金螺机械有限责任公司 | Method for smelting metal ores |
| RU2550983C1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-20 | Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-производственное предприятие "ИНЖМЕТ" | Ore-thermal furnace with hot hearth and high-current lead |
| CN206069976U (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-04-05 | 中成致远有限公司 | A kind of association type silicomangan production system |
| CN108411065A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method and device for manganese alloying by using manganese ore |
| CN109576509A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-04-05 | 宁夏诚飞商贸有限公司 | A kind of silicomangan and preparation method thereof |
| CN111187909A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-22 | 北京欧菲金太科技有限责任公司 | DC Al-Si alloy ore-smelting furnace |
| CN112430755A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-03-02 | 嘉峪关宏电铁合金有限责任公司 | Process for smelting common silicon-manganese alloy and rapidly converting high-silicon-manganese alloy in submerged arc furnace |
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