CN113969351A - A method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by synergistic reduction and electrolysis by multi-circuit DC electrode arc heating - Google Patents

A method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by synergistic reduction and electrolysis by multi-circuit DC electrode arc heating Download PDF

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CN113969351A
CN113969351A CN202111382195.7A CN202111382195A CN113969351A CN 113969351 A CN113969351 A CN 113969351A CN 202111382195 A CN202111382195 A CN 202111382195A CN 113969351 A CN113969351 A CN 113969351A
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李宝宽
于洋
郄文琪
齐凤升
刘中秋
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Northeastern University China
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Abstract

本发明属于合金制备技术领域，具体涉及一种多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法。本发明的技术方案如下：一种多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，直流矿热炉的炉体采用方形槽式结构，在直流矿热炉中采用两排平行设置的多回路金属电极，在所述金属电极之间进行无碳布料，在所述炉体的其它部位进行配碳布料；在所述金属电极之间利用电化学反应制备硅锰合金，在所述炉体的其它部位利用还原反应制备硅锰合金。本发明提供的多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，生产硅锰合金时能够节约能源、减少碳消耗。

Figure 202111382195

The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by means of reduction and electrolysis synergistically heated by a multi-circuit DC electrode arc. The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by means of reduction and electrolysis synergistically heated by a multi-circuit direct current electrode arc, the furnace body of the direct current submerged arc furnace adopts a square trough structure, and two parallel rows of The multi-circuit metal electrodes set up, carbon-free cloth is carried out between the metal electrodes, and carbon cloth is carried out in other parts of the furnace body; the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by electrochemical reaction between the metal electrodes, and the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared in the In other parts of the furnace body, the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by reduction reaction. The multi-circuit DC electrode arc heating method provided by the invention utilizes reduction and electrolysis to synergistically prepare a silicon-manganese alloy, which can save energy and reduce carbon consumption when producing the silicon-manganese alloy.

Figure 202111382195

Description

Method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating.
Background
Manganese and silicon are the major alloying elements used in carbon steel. Manganese is one of the most important deoxidizers in steel making, and almost all steel grades require deoxidation with manganese. Silicon is the second most important alloying element of pig iron and carbon steel to manganese. The preparation of the silicon-manganese alloy has two methods, namely a carbothermic method and an electrolytic method.
The traditional smelting process of silicon-manganese alloy adopts a reduction method, namely smelting in a submerged arc furnace, and is an industrial electric furnace with huge power consumption and carbon consumption. The submerged arc furnace is divided into an alternating current submerged arc furnace and a direct current submerged arc furnace. At present, the alternating-current submerged arc furnace is widely applied, three electrodes are adopted, electric arc transfer can occur in the smelting process, and the energy efficiency is reduced due to the problem of side current. And the arc burning of the alternating-current submerged arc furnace is discontinuous, and the arc undergoes two arc extinguishing-ignition processes every period of voltage alternation, thereby causing noise. The AC submerged arc furnace has short network inductive reactance and overlarge impedance, so that the effective power of the AC submerged arc furnace is lower, and the power factor of the AC submerged arc furnace is about 0.85 generally. Meanwhile, the consumption of the three electrodes is uneven, and the heating efficiency is lower. In recent years, due to the development and application of high-power thyristor technology, the manufacturing technical problem of high-power direct-current power supply equipment is solved, and therefore direct-current arc technology is emphasized. The direct-current submerged arc furnace technology avoids the defects of eddy current, skin effect, noise, dust and the like which cannot be solved by the traditional alternating-current furnace production, the power factor is as high as 0.93, and the effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction are obvious. However, due to the immature technology, many problems occur in the actual production, such as poor electrode baking effect, high secondary voltage, insufficient temperature resistance of part of equipment and insufficient processing capacity.
The electrolytic method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy needs the steps of cathode preparation, fused salt pretreatment, pre-electrolysis, electrolysis and the like, and has huge power consumption and low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating, which can save energy and reduce carbon consumption when producing the silicon-manganese alloy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by using the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through multi-loop direct-current electrode arc heating is characterized in that a furnace body of a direct-current submerged arc furnace adopts a square groove type structure, two rows of multi-loop metal electrodes arranged in parallel are adopted in the direct-current submerged arc furnace, carbon-free distribution is carried out between the metal electrodes, and carbon distribution is carried out at other parts of the furnace body; and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy between the metal electrodes by utilizing an electrochemical reaction, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy at other parts of the furnace body by utilizing a reduction reaction.
Further, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) a carbon-free material distribution port and a carbon distribution port are respectively arranged on a furnace cover of the direct-current submerged arc furnace, and the carbon-free material distribution port is positioned at the center between two metal electrodes or at the center between four metal electrodes; the carbon preparation and distribution port is positioned at the periphery of the metal electrode;
(2) immersing the metal electrode into a silicomanganese oxide mineral aggregate positioned at the bottom of the furnace, and forming the silicomanganese oxide mineral aggregate into a molten mass by adopting an electric arc heating mode;
(3) adding a small-granularity mixed mineral aggregate without adding coke through the carbon-free material distribution port, forming an electrochemical reaction system between the metal electrodes, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using an electrolysis method;
(4) after the temperature in the furnace is raised, adding mixed mineral aggregate with normal granularity and coke through the carbon-blending material-distributing port, forming a reduction reaction system at the periphery of the metal electrode, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using a reduction method.
Further, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis through the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating is adopted, and the metal electrode is a nickel rod.
Furthermore, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis by the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating has the advantages that the particle size of the mixed mineral aggregate with small particle size and no coke is 15-25 mm.
Further, the method for preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis by the multi-loop direct current electrode arc heating has the advantages that the normal granularity is realized, and the particle size of the mixed mineral aggregate mixed with coke is 75-85 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by the cooperation of reduction and electrolysis, so that the electrical efficiency can be improved, the service life of the electrode can be prolonged, the inductive reactance of a short network can be reduced, the power factor can be improved, and the power consumption can be reduced; meanwhile, the consumption of reducing agents such as coke and the like is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the direct current electric arc heating melting speed is fast, the heating efficiency is high, and the heating effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a direct-current ore-smelting furnace for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by a reduction and electrolysis synergistic method;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the DC submerged arc furnace.
In the figure: 1 is a furnace body; 2 is a furnace cover; 3 is a metal electrode; 4 is a carbon-free material distribution port; 5, a carbon distribution port is prepared; 6 is an electrochemical reaction system; 7 is a reduction reaction system.
Detailed Description
The silicon-manganese alloy has the following composition requirements: the manganese content is 60-63%, and the silicon content is 20-23%. The silicon-manganese ore material comprises Australite, carbonate ore, Myan original ore, Guangxi ore, Myan ore, sinter ore, placer ore and dry slag in a ratio of 21:15:20:12:8:10:8: 6. The chemical composition of the different types of mineral aggregates is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of mineral aggregates (mass fraction wt%)
Figure RE-RE-GDA0003421313300000041
A part of the mixed mineral aggregate was processed into a mixed mineral aggregate having a small particle size of 20mm without adding coke.
And adding a certain amount of coke as a reducing agent into the other part of the mixed mineral aggregate according to the proportion, processing the mixed mineral aggregate into the mixed mineral aggregate with the normal granularity of 80mm and blending the mixed mineral aggregate into the coke.
The furnace body 1 of the direct-current submerged arc furnace adopts a square groove type structure, and two rows of multi-loop metal electrodes 3 which are arranged in parallel are adopted in the direct-current submerged arc furnace; the cathode and anode metal electrodes 3 are nickel rods, are suspended in the direct current ore-smelting furnace through the electrode holder, the distance between the metal electrodes 3 and the furnace bottom is 1.1m, and the metal electrodes 3 are connected with a direct current power supply. A carbon-free material distribution port 4 and a carbon distribution port 5 are respectively arranged on a furnace cover 2 of the direct-current submerged arc furnace, and the carbon-free material distribution port 4 is positioned at the center between two metal electrodes 3 or the center between four metal electrodes 3; the carbon preparation and distribution port 5 is positioned at the periphery of the metal electrode 3.
A cylindrical iron barrel with the same diameter as the metal electrode is arranged under the metal electrode 3, and coke blocks are filled in the iron barrel. After the power is switched on, the metal electrode 3 and the coke block are in short-time contact, and then are separated from each other and keep a certain distance, so that electric arcs can appear between the metal electrode 3 and the coke block. The secondary voltage rating of the transformer is 125V.
In the direct-current ore smelting furnace, the temperature of the ore material is raised through the combined action of arc heat and joule heat, a molten mass is formed around the metal electrode 3, and the melting temperature range of the mixed ore material is 1150-1440 ℃. And (4) judging the range and the depth of the molten mass by observing the numerical values of an ammeter and a voltmeter to form an electrochemical system.
In the molten body area, mixed mineral aggregate with small granularity and without coke is added through the carbon-free material distribution port 4, an electrochemical reaction system 6 is formed between the metal electrodes 3, and the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by an electrolysis method.
And adding a mixed mineral aggregate with normal granularity and added coke through the carbon-blending material-distributing port 5, forming a reduction reaction system 7 at the periphery of the metal electrode 3, and preparing the silicon-manganese alloy by using a reduction method.
The silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by a reduction and electrolysis synergistic method, the energy-saving effect of the direct-current submerged arc furnace reaches 10%, and the carbon reduction effect reaches 3% -5%.

Claims (5)

1.一种多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，其特征在于，直流矿热炉的炉体采用方形槽式结构，在直流矿热炉中采用两排平行设置的多回路金属电极，在所述金属电极之间进行无碳布料，在所述炉体的其它部位进行配碳布料；在所述金属电极之间利用电化学反应制备硅锰合金，在所述炉体的其它部位利用还原反应制备硅锰合金。1. a multi-circuit direct current electrode arc heating utilizes reduction and electrolysis to synergize the method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy, it is characterized in that, the furnace body of direct current submerged arc furnace adopts square trough structure, in direct current submerged arc furnace, adopts two rows of parallel setting The multi-circuit metal electrodes are carbon-free cloth between the metal electrodes, and carbon cloth is carried out in other parts of the furnace body; the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by electrochemical reaction between the metal electrodes, and the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared between the metal electrodes. Other parts of the furnace body use reduction reaction to prepare silicon-manganese alloy. 2.根据权利要求1所述的多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，其特征在于，具体包括如下步骤：2. the method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by reduction and electrolysis synergistic preparation of multi-circuit DC electrode arc heating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps: (1)直流矿热炉的炉盖上分别设有无碳布料口和配碳布料口，所述无碳布料口位于两个所述金属电极之间的中心位置或四个所述金属电极之间的中心处；所述配碳布料口位于所述金属电极的外围；(1) A carbon-free distribution port and a carbon distribution port are respectively provided on the furnace cover of the DC submerged arc furnace, and the carbon-free distribution port is located at the center position between the two metal electrodes or between the four metal electrodes. the center of the space; the carbon distribution port is located at the periphery of the metal electrode; (2)将所述金属电极浸入位于炉底的硅锰氧化物矿料中，采用电弧加热方式使硅锰氧化物矿料形成熔融体；(2) immersing the metal electrode in the silicon-manganese oxide ore material at the bottom of the furnace, and using arc heating to make the silicon-manganese oxide ore material form a melt; (3)通过所述无碳布料口加入小粒度且不加入焦炭的混合矿料，在所述金属电极之间形成电化学反应体系，利用电解方法制备硅锰合金；(3) adding a mixed mineral material of small particle size and not adding coke through the carbon-free cloth opening, forming an electrochemical reaction system between the metal electrodes, and using an electrolytic method to prepare a silicon-manganese alloy; (4)炉内升温后，通过所述配碳布料口加入正常粒度且配入焦炭的混合矿料，在所述金属电极外围形成还原反应体系，利用还原方法制备硅锰合金。(4) After the temperature in the furnace is heated up, the mixed ore with normal particle size and coke is added through the carbon distribution port, and a reduction reaction system is formed around the metal electrode, and the silicon-manganese alloy is prepared by the reduction method. 3.根据权利要求2所述的多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，其特征在于，所述金属电极为镍棒。3 . The method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using reduction and electrolysis synergistically by heating with multi-circuit DC electrodes according to claim 2 , wherein the metal electrode is a nickel rod. 4 . 4.根据权利要求2所述的多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，其特征在于，小粒度且不加入焦炭的混合矿料的粒径为15-25mm。4. The method for preparing silicon-manganese alloy by reduction and electrolysis synergistically by using multi-circuit DC electrode arc heating according to claim 2, characterized in that the particle size of the mixed ore with small particle size and without adding coke is 15-25mm. 5.根据权利要求2所述的多回路直流电极电弧加热利用还原与电解协同制备硅锰合金的方法，其特征在于，正常粒度且配入焦炭的混合矿料的粒径为75-85mm。5 . The method for preparing a silicon-manganese alloy by using reduction and electrolysis synergistically by using multi-circuit DC electrode arc heating according to claim 2 , wherein the normal particle size and the particle size of the mixed ore mixed with coke are 75-85 mm. 6 .
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CN112430755A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-03-02 嘉峪关宏电铁合金有限责任公司 Process for smelting common silicon-manganese alloy and rapidly converting high-silicon-manganese alloy in submerged arc furnace

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101298641A (en) * 2008-06-30 2008-11-05 北京科技大学 Metallic element carbon hot melting reduction continuous reactor
CN102220608A (en) * 2011-06-09 2011-10-19 河北联合大学 Preparation method of silicon-manganese alloy
CN102703704A (en) * 2012-06-20 2012-10-03 柳州市金螺机械有限责任公司 Method for smelting metal ores
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