CN113965226A - Impedance matching method for power communication network - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03H7/38—Impedance-matching networks
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of power communication system control, and particularly relates to a power communication network impedance matching method. The method is based on transmission line and reflection theory, and provides a flexible, free degree and implementable high-impedance parameter matching scheme according to the characteristics of high access randomness and difficult estimation of an access process of a power grid communication system by utilizing the flexibility of a transmission line model.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of power communication system control, and particularly relates to a power communication network impedance matching method.
Background
With the continuous advance of the intelligent and high-efficiency construction of the power grid system, the updating and upgrading of the power infrastructure, a great amount of traditional instrument equipment is replaced by a new generation of miniaturized wireless terminals, the automatic collection and summarization and even the automatic processing of the work content such as routing inspection and maintenance which are carried out manually for a long time are started to be realized through remote terminals, the operation efficiency of the power grid is effectively improved, meanwhile, the system is used in a great amount, a power grid communication system for ensuring the rapid and accurate transmission of data, various information, instructions and the like is not separated, because the power grid is constructed in a large scale and has numerous equipment, although the power grid communication system is usually independently arranged in an external communication system for isolation, the access of internal equipment and components is frequent, so that non-negligible noise is generated inside the communication network, the problems are difficult to be effectively controlled from the source, and therefore, the adverse effects can only be expected to be eliminated through various noise reduction measures of the communication system, under the general condition, the impedance matching method is beneficial to improving the transmission power of signals and improving the communication environment, and is indispensable for ensuring the normal operation of the power communication network, but because the number of internal devices of the power grid is large and the randomness of the access time is extremely high, the conventional impedance matching scheme has low efficiency when obtaining matching parameters, needs frequent calculation, and has low efficiency and poor effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a power communication network impedance matching method which can better perform rapid parameter matching according to the real-time access characteristics of a power network communication system based on the transmission line theory so as to more efficiently and rapidly complete the acquisition of impedance matching parameters based on the power network communication characteristics.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application.
An impedance matching method of a power communication network is used for a multi-frequency communication system and comprises the following steps:
establishing a multi-section transmission line model of the power communication network, wherein the electrical length of each section of transmission line model is Q when the lowest matching frequency is set, and the characteristic impedance corresponding to the ith section of transmission line is ZiCorresponding reflection coefficient is Fi(ii) a For the first i-segment transmission line, the total reflection coefficient is Fi', its corresponding total outputIn impedance is Z'i；
Then for a continuous multi-segment transmission line, the following transfer function is used:
the total reflection of the transmission line segment is determined using the following function:
wherein
n is the total number of segments of the multi-segment transmission line.
A further improvement or preferable scheme of the impedance matching method for the power communication network further includes that the following frequency matching scheme is adopted:
reference frequency fpMaximum frequency f of a multi-frequency communication systemmax(ii) a The electrical length corresponding to the matching frequency on each transmission line in the communication system is as follows:
wherein f is1Is the lowest frequency, niIs a multiple of the frequency of each transmission line;
② reference frequency fp＝fmax(ii) a Each transmission line segment has an electrical length of
③ frequency of reference fp＝0.5(fmax+fmax-1) (ii) a Wherein f ismax、fmax-1For the two highest matching frequencies of the system,
a further improvement or preferred embodiment of the aforementioned impedance matching method for a power communication network further comprises the first step of reflecting the central transmission line segmentModifying the modulus of the coefficient to 0, and symmetrically processing the coefficient in the reflection coefficient function (I) to make it
Correspondingly:
whereinβ(x)Means that rounding processing is performed on x.
The further improvement or the preferable scheme of the impedance matching method of the power communication network further comprises that for a system containing n transmission line segments, an auxiliary line is added to form a new m-segment transmission line; the newly added transmission line segment is continuous with the original transmission line model parameters; and the new transmission line model obtains the matching parameters of the optimization system to meet the following requirements:
when m is less than or equal to n,
when m is greater than n, the ratio of m,
the beneficial effects are that:
1. the process for determining the impedance matching parameters is simple and convenient and is convenient to realize;
2. the method is realized based on a transmission line model, and can be quickly updated according to the access conditions of equipment and ports in the communication system;
3. according to the characteristics of a power grid communication system, based on an improved scheme, the data acquisition method is more efficient and simple, and the load of a matching system can be effectively reduced while the calculation process is simplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmission line model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency real complex transmission line model.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
As known to those skilled in the art, for any power communication system, in order to ensure the overall output efficiency of the system, each hardware input/output end in the system needs to obtain better impedance matching; during the impedance matching process, according to the transmission line model and the impedance control mechanism, the impedance matching process of different hardware can be expressed by the hardware impedance, the load impedance, the impedance matching formula of the transmission line impedance and the reflection coefficient thereof; along with the increase of the number of devices in a communication system and the limitation of limited installation space, the construction requirement of the power communication system is more compact and more miniaturized, so that the impedance matching of the system is realized by utilizing a multi-section transmission line model on the basis of a transmission line model based on the development trend of adopting frequency doubling and multi-frequency devices; and the following steps are adopted to realize the acquisition of the impedance matching parameters.
As shown in fig. 1, according to the multi-segment transmission line method model, it is assumed that for a multi-segment transmission line model of a communication network, the electrical length of each segment transmission line model at the lowest matching frequency is Q, and the characteristic impedance corresponding to the i-th segment transmission line is ZiCorresponding reflection coefficient is Fi(ii) a For the first i-segment transmission line, the total reflection coefficient is Fi', its corresponding total input impedance is Z'i(ii) a The transmission function is satisfied between the continuous transmission lines;
the analysis process is as follows:
for the multi-segment transmission line model, the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the input impedance in the adjacent transmission line segment models satisfies:
and substituting the conversion to obtain a transfer function:
by
After the transfer function is expanded, the following results are obtained:
in the communication system, because the reflection coefficient value of the transmission line segment is very small, for the convenience of processing and improving the efficiency, the latter half can be omitted to obtain Z'i＝Fi+(1-Fi 2)F'i+1·e-j2Q(ii) a After conversion, the product is
On the basis, for the communication system constructed by adopting the multi-section transmission line model, in order to realize impedance matching, an impedance allocation and impedance matching scheme is generally adopted, so that the multi-section transmission line model is better utilized, and the workload is reduced. And the total reflection coefficient calculation formula can be obtained by continuously calculating the transfer function:
wherein
n is the total number of the transmission lines;
its reflection coefficient FiCan be expressed as:
in the specific implementation process, in order to conveniently and effectively obtain relevant constraint conditions of impedance matching, the steps of impedance matching are simplified by considering the characteristics that the main impedance matching work in the actual communication system is multi-frequency and alternating current and the impedance matching of a small amount of direct current equipment is relatively direct and simple; as shown in fig. 2, a multi-frequency real complex transmission line model is adoptedBy way of example, the total reflection coefficient can then be expressed as:
the communication system can be expressed by the two aforementioned models, for the input impedance ZNThe load device impedance is ZLThe multi-frequency transmission line segment has the advantages that when the multi-frequency transmission line segment is at zero frequency, the consistency of the total reflection coefficients of the two models is the basis for ensuring the consistency of recursion results of the two models, when the multi-frequency transmission line segment is at zero frequency, the transmission line length is 0, and the constraint condition exists:
under the constraint conditions, for a multi-frequency communication system, there may be multiple schemes for the reference frequency selected during impedance matching, but when the reference frequency overlaps with the system frequency, the reference frequency may affect each other and cause impedance change, resulting in a decrease in matching effect or an increase in difficulty, so according to the range of the reference frequency to be set, the specific frequency value and the corresponding electrical length parameter Q in the transmission line model should be reasonably controlled, and in order to simplify the design and improve the efficiency, the following better frequency matching schemes may be adopted:
reference frequency fpMaximum frequency f of a multi-frequency communication systemmax；
Considering that 2n transmission line segments are needed to realize impedance matching for a communication system with n frequencies, and the total electrical length of impedance matching of the communication system is slightly larger than the total electrical length of dual-frequency impedance matching formed by two lowest matching frequencies, f ismax＜fp≤0.5(f1+f2) (ii) a The electrical length corresponding to the matching frequency on each transmission line in the communication system is as follows:
wherein f is1Is the lowest frequency, niIs a multiple of the frequency of each transmission line;
② reference frequency fp＝fmax；
Then for the aforementioned system, the electrical length
The total reflection coefficient of the corresponding transmission line segment is 0, and is obtained by a formula (I):
each transmission line segment has an electrical length of
③ frequency of reference fp＝0.5(fmax+fmax-1)；
Wherein f ismax、fmax-1For the two highest matching frequencies of the system, f is the frequency of the impedance matchingmax、fmax-1Relative to fpSymmetry; meanwhile, the direct proportion relation between the multiple of the frequency of the transmission line section and the electrical length at the matching frequency can obtain:
particularly, in the first step, the complete impedance matching system is required to meet the corresponding matching of the zero frequency and the reflection coefficient, in order to further simplify the matching process, the modulus of the reflection coefficient of the central transmission line segment is considered to be corrected to be 0, in this case, the real part and the imaginary part of the impedance matching system are 0 in the calculation process, and the parameter calculation of the front and rear continuous transmission segments can be effectively simplified; therefore, in addition to the first step, the coefficients in the reflection coefficient function (i) are processed symmetrically so that
Then correspondingly:
whereinβ(x)Means rounding x;
on the basis, when the method is used for impedance matching and applied to a communication system with large partial frequency or impedance variation, the problems that the calculated impedance matching parameters and the obtained impedance matching result have deviation with a design target and even effective matching cannot be realized may occur, and in order to avoid the phenomenon, for the communication system, the application proposes that a mode of expanding a transmission model is used for reducing an average variable value, and an auxiliary line is added in a system communication link to expand an original system transmission line model, specifically:
for the system containing n transmission line segments, adding an auxiliary line to form a new m-segment transmission line; the newly added transmission line segment is continuous with the original transmission line model parameters; on the basis, a new matching function is established based on a formula III, and a trigonometric function in the function is expanded into a power function related to Q to obtain
In the above formula, e-jnQ·(cosmQ) influences the continuity of the newly generated transmission line model, the optimized system matching parameters can be obtained based on the new transmission line model, and F 'exists due to symmetrical processing'i＝F'n-i(ii) a Equation (c) parameter e-jnQCharacterizing the phase of the reflection coefficient, for cosmQ may use a relationship to
Expressed, therefore, for the aforementioned n + m-segment transmission line system, the system impedance matching parameters are as follows:
when m is less than or equal to n,
when m is greater than n, the ratio of m,
the power communication network impedance matching method is based on transmission lines and reflection theory, in the calculation process, the flexibility of a transmission line model is utilized to achieve high access randomness according to a power communication system, and the access process is difficult to estimate.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present application, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. An impedance matching method for a power communication network is used for a multi-frequency communication system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a multi-section transmission line model of the power communication network, wherein the electrical length of each section of transmission line model is Q when the lowest matching frequency is set, and the characteristic impedance corresponding to the ith section of transmission line is ZiCorresponding reflection coefficient is Fi(ii) a For the front i-segment transmission line, the total reflection coefficient is F'iAnd its corresponding total input impedance is Z'i；
Then for a continuous multi-segment transmission line, the following transfer function is used:
the total reflection of the transmission line segment is determined using the following function:
wherein
n is the total number of segments of the multi-segment transmission line.
2. The impedance matching method for the power communication network according to claim 1, wherein the following frequency matching scheme is adopted:
reference frequency fpMaximum frequency f of a multi-frequency communication systemmax(ii) a The electrical length corresponding to the matching frequency on each transmission line in the communication system is as follows:
wherein f is1Is the lowest frequency, niIs a multiple of the frequency of each transmission line;
② reference frequency fp＝fmax(ii) a Each transmission line segment has an electrical length of
③ frequency of reference fp＝0.5(fmax+fmax-1) (ii) a Wherein f ismax、fmax-1For the two highest matching frequencies of the system,
3. the impedance matching method for the power communication network as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first step further comprises modifying the reflection coefficient modulus of the central transmission line segment to 0, and performing symmetry processing on the coefficients in the reflection coefficient function (r) to make the coefficients in the reflection coefficient function (r) symmetrical
Correspondingly:
whereinβ(x)Means that rounding processing is performed on x.
4. The impedance matching method for the power communication network according to claim 3, wherein for a system comprising n transmission line segments, an auxiliary line is added to form a new m transmission line segments; the newly added transmission line segment is continuous with the original transmission line model parameters; and the new transmission line model obtains the matching parameters of the optimization system to meet the following requirements:
when m is less than or equal to n,
when m is greater than n, the ratio of m,
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