CN113963544A - Service area traffic flow prediction system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traffic flow prediction system for a service area, and relates to the technical field of traffic flow prediction; in order to solve the problem of accuracy; the decision-making device at least comprises a continuous driving time length decision-making device, a time period decision-making device, a total high-speed driving time length decision-making device, a congested road section decision-making device and an auxiliary decision-making device. The invention takes the vehicle individual as the target, takes the random forest algorithm as the basis, votes through a plurality of decision makers, compares the voted votes with the threshold value after the probability statistics of the final decision maker, and predicts the traffic flow of the service area by matching with the traffic flow of the service area according to the vehicle entrance and exit conditions of the signal collector at the entrance and the exit of the service area, thereby having stronger real-time performance and higher accuracy by taking the individual as the research object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traffic flow prediction, in particular to a service area traffic flow prediction system.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the retention amount of private cars is increased year by year, which brings great pressure to road traffic, particularly to frequent traffic jam time on an expressway during holidays, and the pressure of the traffic flow born by the expressway as a service area of a rest supply transfer station is increased along with the increase of the traffic flow pressure, so that how to predict the traffic flow of the service area is the key to the traffic flow control and service of the expressway
Through retrieval, a Chinese patent with publication number CN113362598A discloses a method for predicting traffic flow in a service area of an expressway, which comprises the following steps: firstly, extracting the influence factors of the traffic flow prediction of the expressway service area as time sequence characteristics; secondly, inputting the extracted time sequence characteristics as a model, and constructing a prediction model based on bidirectional long-short term memory (Bi-LS TM); then adding an Attention (Attention) mechanism on the basis of the Bi-LS TM model to obtain a traffic flow prediction model of a highway service area; and finally, applying the model to the service area, and continuously optimizing based on an evaluation mechanism to construct a complete highway service area traffic flow prediction system suitable for the service area.
The above patents suffer from the following disadvantages: the method predicts the service area inlet traffic flow, the service area outlet traffic flow, the highway section inlet traffic flow, the highway section outlet traffic flow and the number of vehicles in the service area in five dimensions, basically calculates by the vehicle density, cannot judge specific factors of a single vehicle, and therefore is low in accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a service area traffic flow prediction system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a service area traffic flow prediction system comprises a signal collector, a plurality of decision makers which are connected in parallel and are mutually independent, a probability counter and a final decision maker, wherein the decision makers at least comprise a continuous driving time length decision maker, a time period decision maker, a total high-speed driving time length decision maker, a decision maker for judging whether a congested road section is passed, and a decision maker and an auxiliary decision maker for judging whether the congested road section exists in the route to the next service area; the signal collector comprises an upstream collecting device which is in communication connection with the high-speed entrance gate and is arranged at the upstream of the service area, an entrance collecting device which is arranged at the entrance of the high-speed service area and an exit collecting device which is arranged at the exit of the high-speed service area.
Preferably: the continuous driving time of the continuous driving time decision device can be obtained by the difference between the vehicle driving-in high-speed time acquired by a high-speed entrance gate through wireless communication by using an upstream acquisition device or the vehicle driving-out service area time acquired by a high-speed service area exit and the current time, and the continuous driving time decision device can work according to the working logic as follows:
a1: if the continuous driving time exceeds 4h, judging that 90% of the vehicles enter the service area;
a2: if the continuous driving time does not exceed 4h and the sum of the time from the next service area to the current time exceeds 4h, judging that 10% by 90% enters the service area;
a3: if the continuous driving time does not exceed 4h and the sum of the time from the next service area to the current time does not exceed 4h, judging that 10% by 90% enters the service area;
the working logic of the decision device of the time period is as follows:
b1: if in 6 a.m.: 00-12: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 10 percent;
b2: if in 12 pm: 00-18: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 35 percent;
b3: if in the morning night 18: 00-24: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 20 percent;
b4: if the position is 0 in the morning of the morning: 00-6: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 35 percent;
the total high-speed driving time length in the total high-speed driving time length decider can be obtained by accumulating the continuous driving time lengths in the continuous driving time length decider, and the working logic of the total high-speed driving time length decider is as follows:
c1: if the total high-speed driving time is longer than 8h, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 70%;
c2: if the total high-speed driving time is less than 8h, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 30%;
the working logic of the decision device for judging whether the congested road section exists in the route to the next service area is as follows:
e1: if yes, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 60%;
e2: if not, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 40%.
Further: the inlet acquisition device and the outlet acquisition device both adopt high-definition cameras.
On the basis of the scheme: the upper reaches collection system is including being fixed in the L type branch on highway pavement road surface and corresponding and install in the follow-up piece of shooing of L type branch outer wall with the lane number, the follow-up piece of shooing includes the tachymeter, shoots camera and light filling flash light, the tachymeter is fixed in on the outer wall of L type branch, the camera of shooing has same support frame through the bolt fastening with the outer wall of light filling flash light, and the outer wall of support frame rotates through the pivot and is connected with the fixed plate, and the fixed plate passes through the bolt fastening on the outer wall of L type branch, just the outer wall of fixed plate passes through the bolt fastening and has driving motor, and driving motor's output shaft passes through the coupling joint with the pivot.
The better scheme in the scheme is as follows: the auxiliary decision-making device is realized through an auxiliary decision-making device, the auxiliary decision-making device is arranged in a pit preset in a pavement paving of the expressway, and the auxiliary decision-making device comprises a frame, lifting induction modules and supporting pieces, wherein the lifting induction modules are arranged in the frame and are in groups corresponding to the number of lanes, and the supporting pieces are arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the frame and are used for supporting the lifting induction modules.
As a further scheme of the invention: the lift response module includes mutual horizontal sliding connection's tablet and load board, the angle steelframe is all welded in the four corners of load board, and is adjacent all rotate between the angle steelframe and be connected with the transmission shaft, every the equal fixed mounting of tip of transmission shaft has the guide roller with the laminating of frame inner wall, just the outer wall of transmission shaft is provided with fast sensor of wheel.
Simultaneously, it is relative there is the slide bar through the bolt fastening between the angle steelframe, the outer wall sliding connection of slide bar has the slide, and the slide welds in the bottom outer wall of tablet, just slide and angle steelframe one side outer wall fixed mounting relative has pressure sensor.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention: the decision logic of the assistant decision device is as follows:
f1: setting the probability that each person needs to go to a toilet as P% and the number of vehicle-mounted people as n;
f2: the probability that the vehicle personnel need not go to the service area toilet is (1-P%)nThe probability that the vehicle personnel need to go to the service area for washing the room is 1- (1-P%) n correspondingly;
g1: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is forward, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 10 percent;
g2: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is backward and the absolute value of the acceleration is within a threshold interval {0, a }, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 90% x 10%;
g3: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is backward and the acceleration value is not in the threshold interval {0, a }, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 90% × 90%.
And simultaneously, support piece includes the hydro-cylinder and the cylinder of reciprocal anchorage and intercommunication, one side outer wall of hydro-cylinder and cylinder is provided with respectively and annotates mouthful, gaseous notes mouth with the fluid of inner chamber intercommunication, the outer wall of fluid notes mouth and gaseous notes mouth welds respectively and annotates fill valve one and fill valve two, the inner wall sliding fit of hydro-cylinder has piston one, and the inner wall sliding fit of cylinder has piston two, the piston one has fluid with the interior notes of the enclosure wall that piston two constitute, the inner chamber that the cylinder is located two right sides of piston is annotated and is had the air, just the outer wall of piston two has wireless baroceptor through the bolt fastening, the diameter of piston one is greater than the diameter of piston two.
As a more preferable scheme of the invention: the outer wall of one of the angle steel frames is fixed with a generator through bolts, an output shaft of the generator is matched with one of the transmission shafts through synchronous belt transmission, and the bottom of the frame is fixed with a control main board, an inverter and a storage battery through bolts.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention takes individual vehicles as a target, takes a random forest algorithm as a basis, and predicts the traffic flow of a high-speed service area by voting through a continuous driving time length decider, a time period decider, a total high-speed driving time length decider, a congested road section decider and a congested road section decider in the route to the next service area through the continuous driving time length decider and the congested road section decider, comparing with a threshold value after the probability statistics of the final decider, and matching with a signal collector to predict the traffic flow of the service area according to the vehicle in-out conditions of an entrance and an exit of the service area, so that the real-time performance is stronger, and the accuracy of taking the individual as a research object is higher.
2. In the auxiliary decision maker, the energy conservation and the kinematics knowledge are skillfully utilized, and the acquisition of the model, the load capacity, the number of passengers and the acceleration value of the vehicle is realized only by utilizing a small number of sensor components of the wheel speed sensor, the wireless air pressure sensor and the pressure sensor, so that the decision is formed by the number of the passengers and the acceleration value of the vehicle again, the decision is participated in the whole decision making process, and the accuracy of the vehicle flow prediction is further improved.
3. In the assistant decision maker, the induction plate is used as a medium for interaction between a vehicle and a device, on one hand, the assistant decision maker is similar to a traditional speed bump and meets the function of the speed bump, and on the other hand, the assistant decision maker realizes a self-generating function through the lifting displacement of the induction plate, so that part of energy loss in measurement is converted into electric energy to be stored, and an energy-saving effect is achieved.
4. In the assistant decision maker, four transmission shafts are in transmission connection through four groups of bevel gear sets, so that four corners are in transmission closure, the rotating speeds of all guide rollers are guaranteed to be the same through a transmission closure locking effect, the linearity of displacement of the induction plate is guaranteed, and the accuracy of subsequent data acquisition and analysis is improved.
5. In the aid decision maker, diameters of the first piston and the second piston are designed according to principles of pressure intensity, pressure and action area, thrust of air pressure to the second piston is amplified in proportion and then transmitted to the piston rod, so that high supporting force can be provided, and impact of a vehicle rolling induction plate can be buffered to a certain degree by utilizing compressibility of air.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall architecture of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an auxiliary decision device and an upstream collection device of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area relative to a pavement of a highway, according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an assistant decision device of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a front view structure of a lift sensing module of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic side view of a lift sensing module of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a frame of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a support member of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a support member of a traffic flow prediction system for a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an upstream collecting device of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a traffic flow prediction system in a service area according to the present invention.
In the figure: 100-highway pavement, 200-decision-making assisting device, 1-frame, 2-lifting induction module, 3-induction plate, 4-pleated sealing rubber, 5-bearing plate, 6-angle steel frame, 7-generator, 8-synchronous belt, 9-transmission shaft, 10-bevel gear set, 11-guide roller, 12-slide bar, 13-slide plate, 14-pressure sensor, 15-lane boundary support rib, 16-control main plate, 17-inverter, 18-storage battery, 19-support piece, 20-oil cylinder, 21-oil filling port, 22-filling valve I, 23-filling valve II, 24-gas filling port, 25-air cylinder, 26-piston rod, 27-piston I, 28-wireless air pressure sensor, 29-a second piston, a 30-L-shaped supporting rod, 31-a velocimeter, 32-a follow-up photographing piece, 33-a fixing plate, 34-a supporting frame, 35-a photographing camera, 36-a light supplementing flash lamp and 37-a driving motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present patent, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the convenience of describing the patent and for the simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
In the description of this patent, it is noted that unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixedly connected, disposed, detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected and disposed. The specific meaning of the above terms in this patent may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Example 1:
a service area traffic flow prediction system is realized by adopting a random forest algorithm, and specifically comprises a signal collector, a plurality of decision makers which are connected in parallel and are mutually independent, a probability statistics machine and a final decision maker, wherein the decision makers at least comprise a continuous driving time length decision maker, a time period decision maker, a total high-speed driving time length decision maker, a decision maker for judging whether a congested road section is passed, and a decision maker and an auxiliary decision maker for judging whether the congested road section exists in the route to the next service area; the signal collector comprises an upstream collecting device which is in communication connection with the high-speed entrance gate and is arranged at the upstream of the service area, an entrance collecting device which is arranged at the entrance of the high-speed service area and an exit collecting device which is arranged at the exit of the high-speed service area.
The continuous driving time of the continuous driving time decision device can be obtained by the difference between the vehicle driving-in high-speed time acquired by a high-speed entrance gate through wireless communication by using an upstream acquisition device or the vehicle driving-out service area time acquired by a high-speed service area exit and the current time, and the continuous driving time decision device can work according to the working logic as follows:
a1: if the continuous driving time exceeds 4h, judging that 90% of the vehicles enter the service area;
a2: if the continuous driving time does not exceed 4h and the sum of the time from the next service area to the current time exceeds 4h, judging that 10% by 90% enters the service area;
a3: and if the continuous driving time does not exceed 4h and the sum of the time from the next service area to the current time does not exceed 4h, judging that 10% by 90% enters the service area.
The working logic of the decision device of the time period is as follows:
b1: if in 6 a.m.: 00-12: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 10 percent;
b2: if in 12 pm: 00-18: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 35 percent;
b3: if in the morning night 18: 00-24: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 20 percent;
b4: if the position is 0 in the morning of the morning: 00-6: and in the 00 time period, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 35%.
The total high-speed driving time length in the total high-speed driving time length decider can be obtained by accumulating the continuous driving time lengths in the continuous driving time length decider, and the working logic of the total high-speed driving time length decider is as follows:
c1: if the total high-speed driving time is longer than 8h, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 70%;
c2: and if the total high-speed driving time is less than 8h, judging that the probability of entering the service area is 30%.
The decision maker for judging whether the congested road section is experienced or not has the working logic that:
d1: if the congested road sections are experienced, 70% of the road sections enter a service area;
d2: if no congested link has been experienced, it is determined 30 to enter the service area.
The working logic of the decision device for judging whether the congested road section exists in the route to the next service area is as follows:
e1: if yes, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 60%;
e2: if not, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 40%.
The entrance collection device and the exit collection device both adopt high-definition cameras, so that the traffic flow of the service area is monitored in real time by the logic of the traffic flow +1 entering the server and the traffic flow-1 leaving the service area, and the license plate is identified by a camera shooting mode and is widely used for vehicle charging in and out areas such as toll stations, high-speed entrances and exits, parking lots and the like.
In the embodiment, a data collector collects relevant data according to decision makers and transmits the relevant data to decision makers in a classified mode, each decision maker independently judges probability of entering a service area according to data content, voting result probability is collected into a final decision maker, the final decision maker compares the probability mean value of all the decision makers with a threshold value, if the probability mean value is smaller than the threshold value, the vehicle is judged not to enter the service area, if the probability mean value is larger than the threshold value, the vehicle is judged to enter the service area, and then traffic flow of the service area can be predicted according to the judgment result and the situation that the signal collector enters and exits the vehicle at the entrance and exit of the service area. And then the probability of the final decision maker is compared with a threshold value after statistics, and the traffic flow of the high-speed service area can be predicted by predicting the traffic flow of the service area by matching with the traffic flow of the vehicle entering and leaving the entrance and exit of the service area by the signal collector, so that the real-time performance is high, and the accuracy of taking an individual as a research object is high.
Example 2:
a service area traffic flow prediction system, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, in this embodiment, the following improvements are made on the basis of embodiment 1: the upper reaches collection system is including being fixed in the L type branch 30 of highway pavement road surface 100 and corresponding and install in the follow-up piece 32 of shooing of L type branch 30 outer wall with the lane number, the follow-up piece 32 of shooing includes tachymeter 31, shoots camera 35 and light filling flash light 36, tachymeter 31 is fixed in on the outer wall of L type branch 30, it has same support frame 34 through the bolt fastening to shoot camera 35 and light filling flash light 36's outer wall, and the outer wall of support frame 34 rotates through the pivot and is connected with fixed plate 33, and fixed plate 33 passes through the bolt fastening on the outer wall of L type branch 30, just the outer wall of fixed plate 33 passes through the bolt fastening and has driving motor 37, and driving motor 37's output shaft passes through the coupling joint with the pivot.
In this embodiment, when the tachometer 31 is used, the tachometer 31 can measure the speed of a running vehicle, the photographing camera 35 can photograph a picture, analyze the picture, and extract required data, the required data includes license plate information and logo information of the vehicle, and related information obtained by image processing is the prior art, for example, a logo recognition method and a logo recognition device disclosed in the patent publication No. CN104504398B, and a method, a system, and a device for recognizing a license plate of a vehicle disclosed in the patent publication No. CN10874935B, which respectively disclose methods for obtaining the logo and the license plate information of the vehicle by images, but in this embodiment, creative work is not performed, so no description is given, and by providing the driving motor 37, the tachometer 31 rotates, the supporting frame 34 can drive the volume light supplement flash 36 of the photographing camera 35 to perform angle transformation, so as to cooperate with the tachometer 31, the rotating speed of the driving motor 37 is controlled according to a specific speed, therefore, in the continuous photographing process, the vehicle can be always kept in the center of the image capturing area, the processing of later-period pictures is facilitated, and the information acquisition accuracy is improved.
Example 3:
a service area traffic flow prediction system, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, in this embodiment, the following improvements are made on the basis of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2: the assistant decision-making device is realized through an assistant decision-making device 200, the assistant decision-making device 200 is arranged in a pit preset on the pavement 100 of the expressway, the assistant decision-making device 200 comprises a frame 1, lifting induction modules 2 which are arranged in the frame 1 and are in groups corresponding to the number of lanes, and a support piece 19 which is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the frame 1 and is used for supporting the lifting induction modules 2, the concrete type of the frame 1 is not limited in the embodiment, the frame can be built by matching bricks with concrete, steel plate skins can be added on the inner side and the outer side of the frame on the basis of building the bricks with the concrete, and all steel plate welded structures can be adopted, preferably, the frame 1 is formed by welding steel plates, the size is convenient to control, transport and install, and the like, and the strength is high, the limit value of the vibration fatigue strength is large, and the safety and the reliability are realized; the lifting sensing module 2 comprises a sensing plate 3 and a bearing plate 5 which are horizontally and slidably connected with each other, corner steel frames 6 are welded at four corners of each bearing plate 5, transmission shafts 9 are rotatably connected between every two adjacent corner steel frames 6, a guide roller 11 attached to the inner wall of the frame 1 is fixedly installed at the end part of each transmission shaft 9, and a wheel speed sensor is arranged on the outer wall of each transmission shaft 9; in this embodiment, the type of the wheel speed sensor is not limited, and the wheel speed sensor may be a magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor or a hall wheel speed sensor, and the working principle and the installation and use method thereof are both in the prior art, and are fully disclosed, and creative labor is not provided for the wheel speed sensor in this embodiment, and detailed description is not given, and preferably, the wheel speed sensor is a magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor; under the normal state, the supporting piece 19 jacks up the whole lifting sensing module 2, so that the height of the sensing plate 3 is the same as that of the 100 th pavement of the expressway, when the vehicle is rolled to the sensing plate 3, the sensing plate 3 moves downwards under the pressure of the vehicle, so that the supporting piece 19 is compressed, the guide rollers 11 roll along the inner wall of the frame 1, the rotating speed and the steering direction of the guide rollers 11 can be directly obtained through a wheel speed sensor, the vehicle weight data can be obtained according to the width of the sensing plate 3 and the actual vehicle speed, the vehicle wheelbase can be obtained according to the time difference of rolling the sensing plate 3 by the front wheel and the rear wheel and the speed comparison, the vehicle model can be determined according to the vehicle mark information in the embodiment 2 and the vehicle wheelbase information, the vehicle dead weight can be determined according to the vehicle model information, the vehicle dead weight can be obtained by subtracting the vehicle dead weight from the actual vehicle dead weight, and the average human body weight value are obtained according to the load weight, the number of the vehicle-mounted people can be obtained, decision is made according to the number of the vehicle-mounted people, and the specific logic is as follows:
f1: setting the probability that each person needs to go to a toilet as P% and the number of vehicle-mounted people as n;
f2: the probability that the vehicle personnel need not go to the service area toilet is 1-P%nThe probability that the vehicle personnel need to go to the service area for washing the hands is 1-1-P percent correspondinglyn。
In order to measure the acceleration information of the vehicle, as shown in fig. 5, a sliding rod 12 is fixed between the two opposite angle steel frames 6 through a bolt, a sliding plate 13 is connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 12 in a sliding manner, the sliding plate 13 is welded to the outer wall of the bottom of the induction plate 3, and a pressure sensor 14 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the sliding plate 13 opposite to the angle steel frame 6; the vehicle is gone and is made, and its acceleration and deceleration motion all go on through the frictional force of wheel and ground, and when the wheel passed through tablet 3, its acceleration production effort can be transmitted to tablet 3 on, rethread pressure sensor 14 carries out visual display to judge vehicle acceleration, the decision logic according to vehicle acceleration is as follows:
g1: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is forward, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 10 percent;
g2: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is backward and the absolute value of the acceleration is within a threshold interval {0, a }, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 90% x 10%;
g3: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is backward and the acceleration value is not in the threshold interval {0, a }, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 90% × 90%.
In order to increase the displacement linearity of the sensing plate 3, as shown in fig. 4, the end portions of two adjacent transmission shafts 9 are in transmission connection through a pair of bevel gear sets 10 which are meshed with each other, and four transmission shafts 9 are in transmission connection through four sets of bevel gear sets 10, so that four corners of the transmission are closed, the rotating speeds of the guide rollers 11 at all positions are guaranteed to be the same through a transmission closing locking effect, the displacement linearity of the sensing plate 3 is guaranteed, and the accuracy of subsequent data acquisition and analysis is improved.
In order to solve the supporting problem, as shown in fig. 6-8, the supporting member 19 includes an oil cylinder 20 and an air cylinder 25 which are fixed to each other and are communicated with each other, an oil flushing port 21 and an air flushing port 24 which are communicated with inner cavities of the oil cylinder 20 and the air cylinder 25 are respectively arranged on outer walls of one side of the oil cylinder 20 and one side of the air cylinder 25, a first filling valve 22 and a second filling valve 23 are respectively welded on outer walls of the oil flushing port 21 and the air flushing port 24, a first piston 27 is slidably fitted on an inner wall of the oil cylinder 20, a second piston 29 is slidably fitted on an inner wall of the air cylinder 25, oil is flushed in a closed wall formed by the first piston 27 and the second piston 29, air is flushed in an inner cavity of the air cylinder 25 located on the right side of the second piston 29, a wireless air pressure sensor 28 is fixed on an outer wall of the second piston 29 through a bolt, a diameter of the first piston 27 is larger than a diameter of the second piston 29, firstly, pressure is transmitted to the second piston 29 through an inner cavity air pressure of the air cylinder 25, then the pressure is transmitted to the first piston 27 through oil, the bearing plate 5 is supported through the piston rod 26, and when the wheel rolls the induction plate 3, the piston rod 26Contraction, at this moment, the first piston 27 moves downwards, pressure is transmitted to the second piston 29, the second piston 29 moves to the right, air pressure in the cavity of the air cylinder 25 is increased, the wireless air pressure sensor 28 can monitor air pressure, on one hand, the diameter design of the first piston 27 and the second piston 29 is realized through the principles of pressure, pressure and action area, thrust of the second piston 29 is realized through air pressure, the thrust is amplified in proportion and then transmitted to the piston rod 26, large supporting force can be provided, in addition, the impact of the vehicle rolling sensing plate 3 can be buffered to a certain degree by utilizing the compressibility of air, and the pressure and the movement distance of the piston rod 26 can be determined through monitoring of the wireless air pressure sensor 28 on air pressure, and the pressure value of the piston rod 26 is as follows: reading P of the wireless barometric sensor 28Real timeCross-sectional area S of piston two 29Piston twoRadius R of piston rod 26Piston oneRadius R of piston II 29Piston twoAccording to the formula in which the gas pressure is inversely proportional to the volume, i.e. P1V1＝P2V2Assuming that the sectional area of the second piston 29 is S, the axial length of the cavity occupied by the gas before displacement is L, and the reading of the wireless air pressure sensor 28 before displacement is P1The reading of the wireless air pressure sensor 28 after displacement is P2The amount of displacement is
Due to P in the formula1、P2L are both direct and controlled quantities, and are known quantities, so the pressure and the movement distance of the piston rod 26 can be obtained through the reading of the wireless air pressure sensor 28.
In order to solve the problems of control and energy saving, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, a generator 7 is fixed on the outer wall of one of the angle steel frames 6 through a bolt, an output shaft of the generator 7 is in transmission fit with one of the transmission shafts 9 through a synchronous belt 8, a control main board 16, an inverter 17 and a storage battery 18 are fixed at the bottom of the frame 1 through a bolt, a power generation end of the generator 7 is connected to the storage battery 18 through the inverter 17, an ammeter is connected in series and a voltmeter is connected in parallel in a power generation loop of the generator 7, and all electrical components of the control main board 16 are in control connection; after the wheel rolls induction plate 3, induction plate 3 moves down, breaks away from induction plate 3 after, induction plate 3 moves up to can drive transmission shaft 9 and rotate, rethread hold-in range 8 drives generator 7 and rotates the electricity generation, generates electricity and stores in battery 18 after the conversion of inverter 17, thereby realizes energy-conserving function.
In this embodiment, the specific calculation method for the vehicle weight, the vehicle type, and the vehicle acceleration is as follows:
the lifting state of the induction plate 3 can be obtained by detecting the steering of the guide roller 11 through a wheel speed sensor; the lifting speed of the induction plate 3 can be obtained by the product of the rotating speed of the guide roller 11 detected by the wheel speed sensor and the radius of the guide roller 11; the displacement distance of the sensing plate 3 is the displacement distance of the piston rod 26, and can be obtained by reading difference of the wireless air pressure sensor 28
S1: determining the vehicle type: shooting vehicle information through a shooting camera 35, extracting a vehicle logo according to the shot picture, calculating the vehicle speed according to the time of the wheel contacting the induction plate 3, the time of leaving the induction plate 3 and the width of the induction plate 3, determining the vehicle wheelbase according to the time interval of the front wheel and the rear wheel of the vehicle contacting the induction plate 3, and determining the vehicle type according to the vehicle wheelbase and the brand of the vehicle logo;
suppose that the width of the induction plate 3 is dWidth of boardThe time for one-time descending and resetting of the induction plate 3 is delta t1Then the vehicle speed
Wherein the time interval is determined by the time interval between the first depression of the sensing plate 3 and the second depression, assumed to be Δ t2The wheelbase is
S2: obtaining other parameters of the vehicle: determining vehicle quality information M according to vehicle type determination and vehicle parameter list recorded in advanceNet weight；
S3: acquiring the actual weight of the vehicle; calculating the actual weight of the vehicle according to the displacement of the sensing plate 3 and the stress condition of the vehicle;
s4: calculation of the loading mass: will be provided withThe actual weight of the vehicle is differentiated from the net weight referred to in S2 to obtain the loading mass MLoading；
S5: and (3) calculating the number of loaded people: and obtaining the number n of the passengers according to the contrast value of the average adult weight of the loading mass.
In S3, the actual weight of the vehicle is calculated as follows:
the vehicle is subjected to stress analysis, and the gravity M is subjected to loadLoadingG, four wheels, two wheels contacting the sensing plate 3, the sensing plate 3 being subjected to a pressure of
The force analysis is carried out on the sensing plate 3, and the sensing plate is stressed by the pressure F of the wheel during the movementVehicle pressureReceiving a supporting force F of the piston rod 26Support for supportingAnd also by the rotational frictional resistance F of the inner parts thereofResistance forceThen the resultant force is FVehicle pressure+FSupport for supporting+FResistance forceWith an acceleration of
The relationship between the moving distance and the acceleration is
Wherein the induction board 3 moves downwards by the same amount as the control main board 16, i.e. the induction board 3 moves downwards
Can be calculated from the reading of the wireless barometric sensor 28 as a known quantity, and Δ t3Then P may be determined based on the wireless barometric pressure sensor 28 reading1To P2In the process, a is directly displayed by a timing module and is also a known quantity, so that a can be calculatedLongitudinal direction of vehicleAs a known quantity, the supporting force of the piston rod 26 can be calculated from the reading of the wireless air pressure sensor 28 as
Wherein SPiston two、RPiston one、RPistonIIAre all known quantities, P, which can be measured directlyReal timeFor direct reading of quantities, also known, so FSupport for supportingIs a known amount, and MLifting induction moduleCan be weighed directly to a known amount, assuming FResistance forceIs a known amount according to
By the formula, F can be calculatedVehicle pressureTwice this value is the actual weight of the vehicle.
In the moving process, the resistance is sliding, rolling and rotating friction force which is independent of the speed, so the resistance is a fixed value; for FResistance forceBefore the device is started, the supporting function of the supporting piece 19 is withdrawn, so that the whole lifting induction module 2 moves in a free falling mode, meanwhile, a linear velocity-time relation graph of the guide roller 11 is obtained by using a wheel speed sensor, and a power-time graph of the generator 7 is obtained according to the power and the time of the generator 7 through an ammeter and a voltmeter of a circuit where the generator 7 is located; the power and time diagram of the generator 7 and the linear velocity and time relationship diagram of the guide roller 11 both take the starting point time of the free falling body of the lifting induction module 2 as the origin, and any time period t is selected on the time axis4-t5In this period, the falling distance of the lifting sensing module 2 is t in the graph of the linear velocity of the guide roller 11 and the time relationship4-t5Area S of the regionTestingAccording to the law of conservation of energy, the gravitational potential energy of the lifting induction module 2 is represented by FResistance forceWork is absorbed by the generator 7, i.e. Δ E ═ F existsResistance force·STesting+PGenerator(t5-t4) And in which Δ E ═ MLifting induction module·ΔH＝MLifting induction module·STesting，PGenerator＝UI，STestingAnd is a known quantity, so that F can be obtainedResistance forceIs the specific value of (a).
The vehicle acceleration calculation method is as follows:
the original dynamic friction between the tire and the ground is generated due to the driving force/braking force applied to the vehicle during runningThe force and wind resistance are known from the calculation of the vehicle weight and the vehicle type, the average speed V of the vehicle passing through the induction plate 3 is known, the vehicle type and the actual weight of the vehicle are known, and the stress F of the vehicle in the horizontal direction is taken as an example of a four-wheel drive vehicleResultant forceIs FWind resistance+FOriginal friction force between tyre and ground，FDriving or braking forcesSince the vehicle model is a known quantity, the designed wind resistance coefficient is also a known quantity k, and the wind resistance is the air resistance, the wind resistance is FWind resistance＝kV2Whereas for a front-wheel vehicle the driving and braking forces are equally distributed over four tyres, the friction force transmitted to the sensing plate 3 by a two-wheel drive or brake is half of the total force, while the friction force between the two wheels and the ground can be directly displayed by the reading of the pressure sensor 14FTotal frictionIn known amounts for FOriginal friction force between tyre and groundDetermining vehicle type, determining dynamic friction factor mu between tyre and ground, and determining actual weight M of vehicleLoadingDetermine if FOriginal friction force between tyre and ground＝μ·MLoadingThen the instantaneous acceleration of the vehicle is
A positive acceleration value indicates that the vehicle is accelerating, and a negative acceleration value indicates that the vehicle is decelerating.
Example 3:
a service area traffic flow prediction system is disclosed, as shown in figures 1 and 6, the induction plate 3 is connected with the outer wall of the opposite side of the frame 1 through a pleated sealing rubber 4; the flexible connection of the pleated sealing rubber 4 can ensure that the sensing plate 3 can move and has reliable sealing, and rain water or dust stones are prevented from entering the frame 1 to damage the device; the frame 1 is provided with a lane boundary supporting rib 15 at the lane boundary; the lane boundary support rib 15 may provide a certain support force to secure the structural stability of the frame 1.
In this embodiment: the flexible connection of the pleated sealing rubber 4 can ensure that the sensing plate 3 is movable and has reliable sealing, prevent rainwater or dust stones from entering the frame 1 to damage the device, and ensure the structural stability of the frame 1.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A service area traffic flow prediction system is characterized by comprising a signal collector, a plurality of decision makers which are connected in parallel and are mutually independent, a probability statistics machine and a final decision maker, wherein the decision makers at least comprise a continuous driving time length decision maker, a time period decision maker, a total high-speed driving time length decision maker, a decision maker for judging whether a congested road section is passed or not, and a decision maker and an auxiliary decision maker for judging whether the congested road section exists or not in the route to the next service area; the signal collector comprises an upstream collecting device which is in communication connection with the high-speed entrance gate and is arranged at the upstream of the service area, an entrance collecting device which is arranged at the entrance of the high-speed service area and an exit collecting device which is arranged at the exit of the high-speed service area.
2. The traffic flow prediction system for service area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the continuous driving duration of the continuous driving duration decider is obtained by using an upstream acquisition device to wirelessly communicate the time of the vehicle entering the high speed service area obtained from the high speed entrance gate or the time of the vehicle leaving the service area obtained from the exit of the high speed service area with the current time, and the continuous driving duration decider has the following operation logic:
a1: if the continuous driving time exceeds 4h, judging that 90% of the vehicles enter the service area;
a2: if the continuous driving time does not exceed 4h and the sum of the time from the next service area to the current time exceeds 4h, judging that 10% by 90% enters the service area;
a3: if the continuous driving time does not exceed 4h and the sum of the time from the next service area to the current time does not exceed 4h, judging that 10% by 90% enters the service area;
the working logic of the decision device of the time period is as follows:
b1: if in 6 a.m.: 00-12: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 10 percent;
b2: if in 12 pm: 00-18: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 35 percent;
b3: if in the morning night 18: 00-24: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 20 percent;
b4: if the position is 0 in the morning of the morning: 00-6: in the time period of 00, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 35 percent;
the total high-speed driving time length in the total high-speed driving time length decider can be obtained by accumulating the continuous driving time lengths in the continuous driving time length decider, and the working logic of the total high-speed driving time length decider is as follows:
c1: if the total high-speed driving time is longer than 8h, the probability of entering the service area is judged to be 70%;
c2: if the total high-speed driving time is less than 8h, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 30%;
the working logic of the decision device for judging whether the congested road section exists in the route to the next service area is as follows:
e1: if yes, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 60%;
e2: if not, the probability of entering the service area is determined to be 40%.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the inlet collection device and the outlet collection device are high definition cameras.
4. The system for predicting the traffic flow in the service area according to claim 1, wherein the upstream collecting device comprises L-shaped struts (30) fixed on a paved road surface (100) of a highway and follow-up photographing pieces (32) corresponding to the number of lanes and installed on the outer walls of the L-shaped struts (30), each follow-up photographing piece (32) comprises a velocimeter (31), a photographing camera (35) and a light supplementing flash lamp (36), the velocimeter (31) is fixed on the outer walls of the L-shaped struts (30), the outer walls of the photographing camera (35) and the light supplementing flash lamp (36) are fixed with a same support frame (34) through bolts, the outer walls of the support frames (34) are rotatably connected with fixing plates (33) through rotating shafts, the fixing plates (33) are fixed on the outer walls of the L-shaped struts (30) through bolts, and driving motors (37) are fixed on the outer walls of the fixing plates (33) through bolts, an output shaft of the driving motor (37) is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupling.
5. The system for forecasting the traffic flow of the service area according to claim 1, wherein the decision maker is implemented by a decision maker (200), the decision maker (200) is disposed in a preset pit of the pavement (100) of the highway, and the decision maker (200) comprises a frame (1), a number of lifting sensing modules (2) which are disposed in the frame (1) and correspond to the number of lanes, and a support member (19) which is disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the frame (1) and is used for supporting the lifting sensing modules (2).
6. The service area traffic flow prediction system according to claim 5, wherein the lifting sensing module (2) comprises a sensing plate (3) and a bearing plate (5) which are horizontally and slidably connected with each other, corner steel frames (6) are welded at four corners of each bearing plate (5), transmission shafts (9) are rotatably connected between adjacent corner steel frames (6), a guide roller (11) attached to the inner wall of the frame (1) is fixedly installed at the end of each transmission shaft (9), and a wheel speed sensor is arranged on the outer wall of each transmission shaft (9).
7. The service area traffic flow prediction system according to claim 6, characterized in that a sliding rod (12) is fixed between the opposite angle steel frames (6) through a bolt, a sliding plate (13) is connected to an outer wall of the sliding rod (12) in a sliding manner, the sliding plate (13) is welded to an outer wall of the bottom of the induction plate (3), and a pressure sensor (14) is fixedly installed on an outer wall of the sliding plate (13) and an opposite side of the angle steel frame (6).
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the decision logic of the auxiliary decision-maker is:
f1: setting the probability that each person needs to go to a toilet as P% and the number of vehicle-mounted people as n;
f2: the probability that the vehicle personnel need not go to the service area toilet is (1-P%)nThe probability that the vehicle personnel need to go to the service area and wash the room is 1- (1-P%)n；
G1: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is forward, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 10 percent;
g2: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is backward and the absolute value of the acceleration is within a threshold interval {0, a }, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 90% x 10%;
g3: if the acceleration direction of the vehicle is backward and the acceleration value is not in the threshold interval {0, a }, the probability that the vehicle enters the service area is determined to be 90% × 90%.
9. The service area traffic flow prediction system according to claim 8, wherein the support member (19) comprises an oil cylinder (20) and an air cylinder (25) which are fixed to each other and communicated with each other, the outer walls of one side of the oil cylinder (20) and one side of the air cylinder (25) are respectively provided with an oil flushing port (21) and an air flushing port (24) which are communicated with the inner cavities of the oil cylinder and the air cylinder, the outer walls of the oil flushing port (21) and the air flushing port (24) are respectively welded with a first filling valve (22) and a second filling valve (23), the inner wall of the oil cylinder (20) is in sliding fit with a first piston (27), the inner wall of the air cylinder (25) is in sliding fit with a second piston (29), oil is flushed in the closed wall formed by the first piston (27) and the second piston (29), the inner cavity of the air cylinder (25) on the right side of the second piston (29) is flushed with air, and the outer wall of the second piston (29) is fixed with a wireless air pressure sensor (28) through a bolt, the diameter of the first piston (27) is larger than that of the second piston (29).
10. The system for forecasting the traffic flow of the service area according to claim 9, wherein a generator (7) is fixed on the outer wall of one of the angle steel frames (6) through bolts, an output shaft of the generator (7) is in transmission fit with one of the transmission shafts (9) through a synchronous belt (8), and a control main board (16), an inverter (17) and a storage battery (18) are fixed on the bottom of the frame (1) through bolts.
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| CN115050195B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-08-11 | 河南省科学院地理研究所 | Urban traffic flow monitoring device |
| CN115273462A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-01 | 国汽智控(北京)科技有限公司 | Deceleration prompting method, device and equipment based on deceleration strip |
| CN115273462B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-01-26 | 国汽智控(北京)科技有限公司 | Deceleration prompt method, device and equipment based on deceleration strip |
| CN115497299A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2022-12-20 | 中科聚信信息技术（北京）有限公司 | ETC-based service area traffic flow prediction method and system and service area |
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| CN117523850A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 浙江浙商互联信息科技有限公司 | Short-time congestion prediction method and system for high-speed service area |
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