CN113959665B

CN113959665B - Dangerous rock collapse test simulation device

Info

Publication number: CN113959665B
Application number: CN202111580136.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨星; 范安军; 李树鼎; 周志林; 蒋发森
Original assignee: Sichuan Highway Engineering Consulting And Supervision Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Highway Engineering Consulting And Supervision Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-22
Filing date: 2021-12-22
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-22
Also published as: CN113959665A

Abstract

The application provides dangerous rock collapse test simulation device belongs to the technical field of geological collapse, and this dangerous rock collapse test simulation device includes torsional pendulum test subassembly and yaw test subassembly. The torsional pendulum test assembly comprises a test bed, a torsional pendulum disk, torsional pendulum balls and a torsional pendulum motor. The law that the collapse surface layer of the simulation test slides and collapses to be separated from the surface of the dangerous rock matrix can be further driven by a torsional pendulum motor to swing in a rotating mode, the test collapse surface layer slides and separates from the dangerous rock matrix under the action of ring tangential inertia to simulate the dangerous rock collapse and slide test, the transverse inertia acting force and the ring tangential inertia acting force combine to form a force, the relative sliding between the test collapse surface layer and the dangerous rock matrix is more complicated and multidirectional, the law of simulating the collapse and slide of the dangerous rock is favorably analyzed, the scene of the natural dangerous rock surface layer sliding and collapse is simulated through the relative sliding between the complicated and multidirectional test collapse surface layer and the test dangerous rock matrix, and the evolution characteristics and the instability collapse law of the dangerous rock structure surface are scientifically analyzed.

Description

Dangerous rock collapse test simulation device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of geological collapse, in particular to a dangerous rock collapse test simulation device.

Background

A dangerous rock collapse test simulation device with a collapse test function in the related art. Collapse (caving, collapsing or caving) is a geological phenomenon that rock and soil bodies on a steep slope suddenly separate from a parent body and collapse, roll and accumulate on a slope toe (or valley) under the action of gravity. Dangerous collapses cause buildings, and sometimes even entire residences, to be destroyed, leaving roads and railways buried. The losses from the collapse of dangerous rocks are not only direct losses from the destruction of buildings, but often cause interruptions in traffic and significant losses to the transport. Different types of dangerous rock collapse materials have different conditions, collapse test simulation needs to be carried out according to the compactness and pertinence of a dangerous rock structure, various structural surfaces such as joints, cracks, bedding planes, faults and the like are determined, a slope body is cut and separated, and boundary conditions of a separation body (mountain body) are provided for the formation of dangerous rock collapse.

However, the existing dangerous rock collapse test simulation device generally simulates the structural surface evolution characteristics and the instability collapse law of the natural dangerous rock under the self-gravity action, and cannot effectively simulate the instability collapse caused by the multidirectional relative sliding of the dangerous rock collapse surface layer and the dangerous rock base layer, so that the simulation of the dangerous rock instability collapse under various conditions is difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, the dangerous rock collapse test simulation device has a collapse test function, can simulate transverse cutting unstable collapse and twisting unstable collapse caused by earthquake waves in a short time, increases simulation scenes of dangerous rock collapse, and is beneficial to scientific analysis of evolution characteristics and unstable collapse rules of a dangerous rock structural plane.

The application is realized as follows:

the application provides a dangerous rock collapse test analogue means includes experimental subassembly of torsional pendulum and yaw test subassembly.

The torsion pendulum test assembly comprises a test bed, a torsion pendulum plate, torsion pendulum balls and a torsion pendulum motor, wherein the torsion pendulum plate is arranged above the test bed, the torsion pendulum balls are uniformly arranged between the test bed and the torsion pendulum plate, a torsion pendulum motor body is arranged at the bottom of the test bed, the output end of the torsion pendulum motor is meshed with the torsion pendulum plate, the torsion pendulum test assembly comprises a main guide rail, a main platform, a main push cylinder, a lateral guide rail, a lateral platform and a lateral push cylinder, the main guide rail is uniformly arranged on the torsion pendulum plate, the main platform slides on the surface of the main guide rail, the cylinder body of the main push cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the torsion pendulum plate, one end of the piston rod of the main push cylinder is arranged on the main platform, the lateral guide rail is uniformly arranged on the main platform, the lateral platform slides on the surface of the lateral guide rail, the cylinder body of the lateral push cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the main platform, one end of the piston rod of the side-push cylinder is arranged on the lateral table.

In an embodiment of this application, the fixed torsional pendulum fluted disc that has cup jointed of torsional pendulum dish surface, the torsional pendulum motor output is fixed with the torsional pendulum gear, the torsional pendulum gear mesh in the torsional pendulum fluted disc.

In an embodiment of this application, the bottom of the torsion pendulum plate evenly rotates and is provided with the guide pulley, be provided with the ring rail on the test bench, the guide pulley joint in ring rail week side.

In an embodiment of the present application, ball grooves have been all seted up to the test bench upper surface with the pendulum plate lower surface, the pendulum ball roll in between the ball groove.

In one embodiment of the application, the main push cylinder body is provided with a first mounting seat, and the first mounting seat is fixed on the torsion pendulum plate.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bottom of the main guide table is uniformly provided with a first sliding block, and the first sliding block slides on the surface of the main guide rail.

In one embodiment of the application, the side-push cylinder body is provided with a second mounting seat, and the second mounting seat is fixed on the main directional table.

In one embodiment of the present application, the lateral table bottom is uniformly provided with a second sliding block, and the second sliding block slides on the lateral guide rail.

In one embodiment of the present application, a rack is disposed at the bottom of the test bed.

In one embodiment of the application, the bottom of the rack is symmetrically provided with a traveling wheel and a supporting leg.

In an embodiment of the application, the dangerous rock collapse test simulation device further comprises a landslide test component and a stress test component.

The landslide test assembly comprises rail frames, landslide frames, transmission shafts and a landslide motor, the lower ends of the rail frames are symmetrically arranged on the lateral table, two sides of the landslide frames slide between the rail frames, two ends of each transmission shaft rotate to the upper ends of the rail frames, the surfaces of the transmission shafts are meshed with the surfaces of the landslide frames, a landslide motor body is arranged at the upper ends of the rail frames, the output ends of the landslide motor are transmitted to one end of each transmission shaft, the stress test assembly comprises a top pressure plate, a top pressure hydraulic cylinder, a side pressure plate and a side pressure hydraulic cylinder, the top pressure plate uniformly slides and penetrates through the landslide frames, cylinder bodies of the top pressure hydraulic cylinder are uniformly arranged in the landslide frames, one end of a piston rod of the top pressure hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top pressure plate, the side pressure plate symmetrically slides in the landslide frames, and the cylinder bodies of the side pressure hydraulic cylinder are symmetrically arranged on the landslide frames, one end of the side pressure hydraulic cylinder piston rod is fixed on the side pressure plate.

In an embodiment of the application, the periphery of the landslide frame is symmetrically provided with pulleys, a track groove is formed in one side of the track frame, and the pulleys penetrate through the track groove in a sliding mode.

In an embodiment of the application, the transmission shaft surface is symmetrically and fixedly sleeved with landslide gears, landslide ring teeth are symmetrically arranged on the landslide frame, and the landslide gears are meshed with the landslide ring teeth.

In an embodiment of the application, the top pressure hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixed in the slip frame, top pressure guide pillars are symmetrically arranged on the top pressure plate, and one end of each top pressure guide pillar penetrates through the connecting frame in a sliding manner.

In one embodiment of the application, the side pressure guide posts are symmetrically arranged on the side pressure plates, the side pressure guide sleeves are symmetrically arranged on the landslide frame, and one ends of the side pressure guide posts penetrate through the side pressure guide sleeves in a sliding mode.

The beneficial effect of this application is: the dangerous rock collapse test simulation device obtained through the design is used, a test dangerous rock matrix is placed into the simulation device to be fixed, a test collapse surface layer covers the outer surface of the dangerous rock matrix, the test dangerous rock matrix is pushed to shake left and right in a reciprocating mode through the side-push cylinder, the test collapse surface layer is separated from the dangerous rock matrix in a sliding mode under the action of left and right transverse inertia to simulate a dangerous rock collapse sliding test, the test dangerous rock matrix is pushed to shake back and forth in a reciprocating mode through the main push cylinder, the test collapse surface layer is separated from the dangerous rock matrix in a sliding mode to simulate a dangerous rock collapse sliding test under the action of front and back transverse inertia, the side-push cylinder is linked with the main push cylinder, the rule that the test collapse surface layer is separated from the surface of the dangerous rock matrix is simulated under the action of multi-direction inertia, the test dangerous rock matrix can be driven to swing through the torsion swing motor, and the test collapse surface layer is under the action of tangential inertia, the sliding separation dangerous rock matrix simulates a dangerous rock collapse and sliding test, the transverse inertia acting force and the ring tangential inertia acting force combine at the moment, the relative sliding of the test collapse surface layer and the dangerous rock matrix is more complicated and multidirectional, the analysis and simulation of the dangerous rock collapse and sliding law are facilitated, the scene of natural dangerous rock surface layer sliding collapse is simulated through the relative sliding of the complicated and multidirectional test collapse surface layer and the test dangerous rock matrix, and the evolution characteristic of the dangerous rock structural plane and the instability collapse law are scientifically analyzed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective structure view of a dangerous rock collapse test simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a torsional pendulum test assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a yaw test assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first angular perspective structure of a landslide test assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second angular perspective structure of a landslide test assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a stress testing assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figure: 100-torsion pendulum test assembly; 110-test stand; 111-circular track; 112-ball grooves; 113-a frame; 114-road wheels; 115-legs; 120-torsion pendulum plate; 121-a torsional pendulum fluted disc; 122-a guide wheel; 130-a pendulum ball; 140-a torsional pendulum motor; 141-torsional pendulum gear; 300-a yaw test assembly; 310-a main guide rail; 320-a master direction table; 321-a first slider; 330-main push cylinder; 331-a first mount; 340-side rail; 350-lateral table; 351-a second slider; 360-side pushing cylinder; 361-a second mount; 500-landslide test assembly; 510-a track frame; 511-track groove; 520-a ramp frame; 521-a pulley; 522-landslide ring teeth; 523-side pressure guide sleeve; 530-a drive shaft; 531-landslide gear; 540-landslide motor; 700-a stress testing assembly; 710-top pressure plate; 711-pressing the guide post; 720-top pressure hydraulic cylinder; 721-a connecting frame; 730-side press plate; 731-side pressing guide pillar; 740-lateral pressure hydraulic cylinder.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and thus should not be considered limiting.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact of the first and second features, or may comprise contact of the first and second features not directly but through another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to the embodiment of the present application includes a torsional pendulum test assembly 100, a yaw test assembly 300, a landslide test assembly 500, and a stress test assembly 700, wherein the yaw test assembly 300 is installed on the torsional pendulum test assembly 100, the landslide test assembly 500 is installed on the yaw test assembly 300, and the stress test assembly 700 is uniformly installed on the peripheral side of the landslide test assembly 500. The yaw test component 300 simulates a natural dangerous rock surface layer transverse sliding collapse scene, and researches and analyzes dangerous rock collapse rules in corresponding scenes; the torsional pendulum test assembly 100 simulates a tangential sliding collapse scene of a ring on the surface layer of the dangerous rock in the nature, and is matched with the torsional pendulum test assembly 100, so that the relative sliding between the test collapse surface layer and the dangerous rock matrix is more complicated and multidirectional, and the analysis and simulation of the collapse and sliding rules of the dangerous rock are facilitated; the landslide test assembly 500 simulates a scene of natural dangerous rock surface layer up-and-down sliding collapse, the slope of the inner ring landslide collapse body can analyze and simulate the collapse damage range, the test collapse surface layer is positioned at various landslide angles through tangential rotation and lifting of the ring, and the dangerous rock collapse scene under the natural environment is simulated; the stress test assembly 700 simulates the change of factors such as cracks, cutting and separation of a dangerous rock collapse structure body in a natural environment under the action of stress through stress extrusion.

According to some embodiments of the application, as shown in fig. 2 to fig. 6, in a real natural environment, a dangerous rock sliding layer and a dangerous rock base layer have multidirectional relative sliding, the relative sliding between the rock layers causes different collapse mimicry of the dangerous rock sliding layer, and the conventional dangerous rock collapse test simulation device cannot effectively simulate the multidirectional sliding collapse and is difficult to meet the requirements of dangerous rock collapse simulation under various conditions. The torsional pendulum test assembly 100 comprises a test bed 110, a torsional pendulum disk 120, torsional pendulum balls 130 and a torsional pendulum motor 140, wherein the torsional pendulum disk 120 is arranged above the test bed 110, and the torsional pendulum balls 130 are uniformly arranged between the test bed 110 and the torsional pendulum disk 120. Ball grooves 112 are formed in the upper surface of the test bed 110 and the lower surface of the torsional pendulum plate 120, torsional pendulum balls 130 roll between the ball grooves 112, the critical rock matrix and the critical rock test collapse surface layer weight are shared in a rolling mode, guide wheels 122 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the torsional pendulum plate 120 in a rotating mode, the guide wheels 122 are connected with the torsional pendulum plate 120 through pin shafts, ring rails 111 are arranged on the test bed 110, the guide wheels 122 are connected to the periphery of the ring rails 111 in a clamping mode, and the vertical direction limiting and the rotating center limiting of the torsional pendulum plate 120 are achieved through the structure.

The body of the torsional pendulum motor 140 is disposed at the bottom of the test bed 110, and the torsional pendulum motor 140 is screwed with the test bed 110. The output end of the torsional pendulum motor 140 is engaged with the torsional pendulum plate 120, a torsional pendulum fluted disc 121 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the torsional pendulum plate 120, and the torsional pendulum fluted disc 121 and the torsional pendulum plate 120 are integrally formed and machined. The output end of the torsional pendulum motor 140 is fixed with a torsional pendulum gear 141, the torsional pendulum gear 141 is connected with the torsional pendulum motor 140 through a key, and the torsional pendulum gear 141 is meshed with the torsional pendulum fluted disc 121. The torsional pendulum motor 140 controls the torsional pendulum plate 120 to rotate, the rack 113 is arranged at the bottom of the test stand 110, the test stand 110 is in threaded connection with the rack 113, the support of the test stand 110 is facilitated, the walking wheels 114 and the supporting legs 115 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rack 113, the movement and balance adjustment of a simulation device are facilitated, the torsional pendulum motor 140 drives the test dangerous rock base body to swing in a rotating mode, the test collapse surface layer slides away from the dangerous rock base body to perform collapse and slide tests under the action of ring tangential inertia, and the multi-direction relative sliding collapse rule of the dangerous rock sliding layer and the dangerous rock base layer under the natural environment is simulated and analyzed.

The yaw test assembly 300 comprises a main guide rail 310, a main table 320, a main push cylinder 330, a lateral guide rail 340, a lateral table 350 and a lateral push cylinder 360, wherein the main guide rail 310 is uniformly arranged on the torsion plate 120, and the main guide rail 310 is in threaded connection with the torsion plate 120. The main table 320 slides on the surface of the main guide rail 310, the bottom of the main table 320 is uniformly provided with first sliding blocks 321, the first sliding blocks 321 are in threaded connection with the main table 320, and the first sliding blocks 321 slide on the surface of the main guide rail 310. The main push cylinders 330 are symmetrically arranged on the torsion swing plate 120, the main push cylinders 330 are provided with first installation bases 331, the first installation bases 331 are fixed on the torsion swing plate 120, the first installation bases 331 are respectively in threaded connection with the main push cylinders 330 and the torsion swing plate 120, one ends of piston rods of the main push cylinders 330 are arranged on the main direction table 320, the lateral guide rails 340 are uniformly arranged on the main direction table 320, and the lateral guide rails 340 are in threaded connection with the main direction table 320. The lateral table 350 slides on the surface of the lateral guide rail 340, the bottom of the lateral table 350 is uniformly provided with a second sliding block 351, the lateral table 350 is in threaded connection with the second sliding block 351, and the second sliding block 351 slides on the lateral guide rail 340.

Wherein, the cylinder body of the side-push cylinder 360 is symmetrically arranged on the main directional platform 320, the cylinder body of the side-push cylinder 360 is provided with a second mounting seat 361, the second mounting seat 361 is fixed on the main directional platform 320, the second mounting seat 361 is respectively screwed with the side-push cylinder 360 and the main directional platform 320, one end of the piston rod of the side-push cylinder 360 is arranged on the side directional platform 350, the optimized test dangerous rock matrix is relatively pushed to rock back and forth by the side-push cylinder 360, the test collapse surface layer slides and collapses and breaks away from the dangerous rock matrix under the action of left and right transverse inertia, the test collapse surface layer slides and breaks away from the dangerous rock matrix under the action of forward transverse inertia, the transverse inertia force and the ring tangential inertia force combine at the moment, the relative sliding of the test collapse surface layer and the dangerous rock matrix is more complex and multidirectional, and the analysis and simulation of the sliding rule of dangerous rock collapse are facilitated, and simulating and analyzing the sliding collapse rule of the natural dangerous rock surface layer through the relative sliding of the complicated multidirectional test collapse surface layer and the test dangerous rock matrix.

The landslide test assembly 500 comprises a track frame 510, a landslide frame 520, a transmission shaft 530 and a landslide motor 540, wherein the lower end of the track frame 510 is symmetrically arranged on a lateral table 350, the track frame 510 is in threaded connection with the lateral table 350, two sides of the landslide frame 520 slide between the track frame 510, pulleys 521 are symmetrically and rotatably arranged on the peripheral side of the landslide frame 520, a track groove 511 is formed in one side of the track frame 510, the pulleys 521 slidably penetrate through the track groove 511, the specific track groove 511 is arc-shaped, the landslide frame 520 makes arc-shaped reciprocating motion in the track groove 511 through the pulleys 521, two ends of the transmission shaft 530 rotate at the upper end of the track frame 510, bearings are arranged at the upper end of the specific track frame 510, and two ends of the transmission shaft 530 rotate between the bearings. The surface of the transmission shaft 530 is meshed with the surface of the landslide frame 520, the surface of the transmission shaft 530 is symmetrically and fixedly sleeved with landslide gears 531, the landslide gears 531 are in key connection with the transmission shaft 530, landslide ring teeth 522 are symmetrically arranged on the landslide frame 520, and the landslide gears 531 are meshed with the landslide ring teeth 522 to realize the annular motion transmission of the landslide frame 520.

The body of the landslide motor 540 is arranged at the upper end of the track frame 510, the landslide motor 540 is in threaded connection with the track frame 510, the output end of the landslide motor 540 is transmitted to one end of the transmission shaft 530, and the landslide motor 540 is in coupling connection with the transmission shaft 530. More optimally, the landslide motor 540 controls the landslide frame 520 to swing downwards in the tangential direction of the ring in the track frame 510, the dangerous rock base body and the test collapse surface layer slide and collapse to be separated from the surface of the dangerous rock base body under the action of inertia in the tangential direction of the ring, the vertical gliding collapse rule of the natural dangerous rock surface layer is simulated and analyzed, and the comprehensive analysis research on the sliding between the natural dangerous rock surface layer and the dangerous rock base layer is realized by matching the transverse inertia acting force and the ring tangential inertia acting force.

According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 4 to fig. 6, there are differences in natural dangerous rocks, either continuous slopes or isolated and steep hills, and slopes have different tendencies, and the existing dangerous rock collapse test simulation apparatus cannot effectively simulate such complex dangerous rocks, and is difficult to satisfy the dangerous rock collapse simulation under various differences. The stress test assembly 700 comprises a top pressure plate 710, a top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720, a side pressure plate 730 and a side pressure hydraulic cylinder 740, wherein the top pressure plate 710 uniformly penetrates through the landslide frame 520 in a sliding mode, the top pressure plate 710 is fixed with a dangerous rock matrix, the cylinder body of the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 is uniformly arranged in the landslide frame 520, the cylinder body of the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 is provided with a connecting frame 721, the connecting frame 721 is fixed in the landslide frame 520, the connecting frame 721 is respectively in threaded connection with the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 and the landslide frame 520, one end of the piston rod of the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 is fixed on the top pressure plate 710, and the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 is in threaded connection with the top pressure plate 710. The top pressure guide columns 711 are symmetrically arranged on the top pressure plate 710, the top pressure guide columns 711 are in threaded connection with the top pressure plate 710, and one ends of the top pressure guide columns 711 slidably penetrate through the connecting frames 721, so that the supporting precision strength of the dangerous rock matrix is improved.

Wherein, the side pressure plates 730 symmetrically slide in the landslide frame 520, the cylinder bodies of the side pressure hydraulic cylinders 740 are symmetrically arranged on the landslide frame 520, the side pressure hydraulic cylinders 740 are in bolt connection with the landslide frame 520, one end of the piston rod of the side pressure hydraulic cylinders 740 is fixed on the side pressure plates 730, the side pressure guide pillars 731 are symmetrically arranged on the side pressure plates 730 and in bolt connection with the side pressure plates, the side pressure guide sleeves 523 are symmetrically arranged on the landslide frame 520 and in bolt connection with the landslide frame 520, one end of the side pressure guide pillars 731 is slidably penetrated in the side pressure guide sleeves 523 to increase the clamping precision strength of the collapse surface layer of the test dangerous rock, the dangerous rock basal body is put into a plurality of separation boxes on the landslide frame 520 and is locked and fixed through the top pressure plates 710, the collapse surface layer covers the outer surface of the dangerous rock basal body to form continuous slope dangerous rock or isolated mountain mouth dangerous rock, the radial movement of the dangerous rock basal body on the top pressure plates 710 is controlled through the top pressure hydraulic cylinders 720, dangerous rock matrix inclined planes of various slopes are simulated on the annular landslide frame 520, so that dangerous rock collapse rules and damage ranges of various slopes are analyzed and researched, the dangerous rock matrix on the top pressure plate 710 is controlled to rotate annularly by matching with the landslide motor 540, dangerous rock collapse bodies of more slopes are simulated, and collapse rules of suspended dangerous rock under the self-gravity action of natural environment are researched.

According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, in more cases, in the external extrusion process of dangerous rocks in the nature, joint, fissure, bedding plane, fault and other structural surfaces may appear, and these structural surfaces provide boundary conditions for the collapse separation of dangerous rocks, and the fissures in the slope body are more developed and more prone to collapse, so that it is necessary to perform law analysis of the collapse conditions, and the lateral pressure hydraulic cylinder 740 controls the lateral pressure plate 730 to perform two-side stress extrusion on the test collapse surface layer, and the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 controls the top pressure plate 710 to perform inside-outside extrusion on the test collapse surface layer, so as to simulate the change of factors such as fracture, cutting and separation generated by the dangerous rock collapse structure under the stress action in the nature environment, and at the same time, the inner ring support of the landslide frame 520 is used to lay and form the collapse slope surface, so as to study the damage range of the dangerous rock stress collapse in various nature environments.

Specifically, this dangerous rock collapse test analogue means's theory of operation: when in use, a test dangerous rock matrix is placed into a plurality of compartments on a landslide frame 520 and is locked and fixed through a top pressure plate 710, a test collapse surface layer covers the outer surface of the dangerous rock matrix to form a dangerous rock collapse test landslide collapse body, a landslide motor 540 controls the landslide frame 520 to swing downwards in the tangential direction of an inner ring of a track frame 510, the dangerous rock matrix and the test collapse surface layer simulate the rule that the test collapse surface layer collapses and breaks away from the surface of the dangerous rock matrix under the tangential downward inertia effect of the ring, the optimized ring of the landslide collapse body lifts in the tangential direction, the ring of the test collapse surface layer at the upper end is suspended in the tangential direction, the collapse rule under the self-gravity effect of vertical dangerous rocks or suspended dangerous rocks in natural environment is researched, the slope surface is laid through the inner ring support of the landslide frame 520 in an optimized mode, the damage range of dangerous rock collapse in various natural environments is researched, a side pressure hydraulic cylinder 740 is used for controlling a side pressure plate 730 to carry out stress extrusion on the test collapse, simulating the change of factors such as cracks, cutting, separation and the like generated by a dangerous rock collapse structure body under the action of stress under a natural environment, and influencing the rule caused by dangerous rock collapse, controlling the radial movement of a dangerous rock matrix on a top pressure plate 710 through a top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720, enabling the dangerous rock matrix to simulate dangerous rock landslide inclined planes with various slopes on an annular landslide frame 520, analyzing and researching the rule and the damage range of dangerous rock collapse under various slopes, relatively pushing the test dangerous rock matrix to reciprocate and rock left and right through a side pushing cylinder 360, sliding the test collapse surface layer to separate from the dangerous rock matrix to simulate a dangerous rock collapse sliding test under the action of left and right transverse inertia, relatively pushing the test dangerous rock matrix to reciprocate and rock back through a main pushing cylinder 330, sliding the test collapse surface layer to separate from the simulation dangerous rock collapse sliding test under the action of front and back transverse inertia, and further being linked with the main pushing cylinder 330 through the side pushing cylinder 360, under the action of multidirectional inertia, the law that the collapse surface layer of the test collapses to slide and collapse away from the surface of the dangerous rock matrix is simulated, further, the test dangerous rock matrix can be driven to swing through the torsional pendulum motor 140, the test collapse surface layer slides and separates from the dangerous rock matrix under the action of ring tangential inertia to simulate the collapse and slide test of the dangerous rock, at the moment, the transverse inertia acting force and the ring tangential inertia acting force combine to make the relative sliding between the test collapse surface layer and the dangerous rock matrix more complicated and multidirectional, so that the analysis of the collapse and slide law of the dangerous rock is facilitated, the sliding and collapse scene of the natural dangerous rock surface layer is simulated through the relative sliding between the test collapse surface layer and the test dangerous rock matrix in the complicated and multidirectional way, the collapse and slide slope inclined plane of the natural dangerous rock is simulated through the radial expansion and contraction of the ring frame, the collapse law and the damage range of the dangerous rock under various slope rates are researched and analyzed, and the test collapse surface layer is positioned under various slide slope angles through the ring tangential rotation and lifting, the dangerous rock collapse scene under the natural environment is simulated, the collapse rule and the damage range under the gravity of dangerous rocks are researched, the factor changes of cracks, cutting, separation and the like of a dangerous rock collapse structural body under the stress action under the natural environment are simulated through stress extrusion, the simulation scene of dangerous rock collapse is increased, and the evolution characteristics of a dangerous rock structural surface and the unstable collapse rule are scientifically analyzed.

It should be noted that the specific model specifications of the torsional pendulum motor 140, the main push cylinder 330, the side push cylinder 360, the landslide motor 540, the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 and the side pressure hydraulic cylinder 740 need to be determined by type selection according to the actual specification of the device, and the specific type selection calculation method adopts the prior art in the field, and therefore detailed description is omitted.

The power supply and the principle of the torsional pendulum motor 140, the main push cylinder 330, the side push cylinder 360, the landslide motor 540, the top pressure hydraulic cylinder 720 and the side pressure hydraulic cylinder 740 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device is characterized by comprising

The torsional pendulum testing assembly (100) comprises a testing stand (110), a torsional pendulum disk (120), torsional pendulum balls (130) and a torsional pendulum motor (140), wherein the torsional pendulum disk (120) is arranged above the testing stand (110), the torsional pendulum balls (130) are uniformly arranged between the testing stand (110) and the torsional pendulum disk (120), a body of the torsional pendulum motor (140) is arranged at the bottom of the testing stand (110), and an output end of the torsional pendulum motor (140) is meshed with the torsional pendulum disk (120);

a yaw test assembly (300), the yaw test assembly (300) comprising a main guide rail (310), a main directional pad (320), a main thrust cylinder (330), a lateral guide rail (340), a lateral pad (350), and a lateral thrust cylinder (360), the main guide rails (310) are uniformly arranged on the torsion swing disc (120), the main table (320) slides on the surfaces of the main guide rails (310), the main push cylinder (330) is symmetrically arranged on the torsion swing disc (120), one end of a piston rod of the main push cylinder (330) is arranged on the main table (320), the lateral guide rails (340) are uniformly arranged on the main guide table (320), the lateral table (350) slides on the surface of the lateral guide rails (340), the body of the side-push cylinder (360) is symmetrically arranged on the main direction table (320), one end of a piston rod of the side push cylinder (360) is arranged on the lateral table (350);

the landslide test assembly (500) comprises a track frame (510), a landslide frame (520), a transmission shaft (530) and a landslide motor (540), wherein the lower end of the track frame (510) is symmetrically arranged on the lateral table (350), two sides of the landslide frame (520) slide between the track frame (510), two ends of the transmission shaft (530) rotate at the upper end of the track frame (510), the surface of the transmission shaft (530) is meshed with the surface of the landslide frame (520), the body of the landslide motor (540) is arranged at the upper end of the track frame (510), and the output end of the landslide motor (540) is transmitted to one end of the transmission shaft (530);

the stress test assembly (700), the stress test assembly (700) includes top pressure board (710), top pressure hydraulic cylinder (720), side pressure board (730) and side pressure hydraulic cylinder (740), top pressure board (710) evenly slide run through in slip frame (520), top pressure hydraulic cylinder (720) shaft evenly set up in slip frame (520), top pressure hydraulic cylinder (720) piston rod one end is fixed in on top pressure board (710), side pressure board (730) symmetry slide in slip frame (520), side pressure hydraulic cylinder (740) shaft symmetry set up in on slip frame (520), side pressure hydraulic cylinder (740) piston rod one end is fixed in on side pressure board (730).

2. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a torsional pendulum fluted disc (121) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the torsional pendulum fluted disc (120), a torsional pendulum gear (141) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the torsional pendulum motor (140), and the torsional pendulum gear (141) is meshed with the torsional pendulum fluted disc (121).

3. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein guide wheels (122) are uniformly and rotatably arranged at the bottom of the torsion-pendulum plate (120), a ring rail (111) is arranged on the test bed (110), and the guide wheels (122) are clamped on the periphery of the ring rail (111).

4. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the test bed (110) and the lower surface of the torsional pendulum plate (120) are provided with ball grooves (112), and the torsional pendulum balls (130) roll between the ball grooves (112).

5. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the main thrust cylinder (330) body is provided with a first mounting seat (331), and the first mounting seat (331) is fixed on the torsion pendulum plate (120).

6. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein first sliding blocks (321) are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the main guide table (320), and the first sliding blocks (321) slide on the surface of the main guide rail (310).

7. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the side-thrust cylinder (360) body is provided with a second mounting seat (361), and the second mounting seat (361) is fixed on the main directional platform (320).

8. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a second sliding block (351) is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the lateral table (350), and the second sliding block (351) slides on the lateral guide rail (340).

9. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a rack (113) is arranged at the bottom of the test bed (110).

10. The dangerous rock collapse test simulation device according to claim 9, wherein the bottom of the frame (113) is symmetrically provided with road wheels (114) and supporting legs (115).