CN113958374A - Partially-pumped multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system and method - Google Patents
Partially-pumped multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113958374A CN113958374A CN202111109545.2A CN202111109545A CN113958374A CN 113958374 A CN113958374 A CN 113958374A CN 202111109545 A CN202111109545 A CN 202111109545A CN 113958374 A CN113958374 A CN 113958374A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
- F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
- F04B37/12—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system with partial air extraction and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises: an isothermal compressor; a gas-liquid separator; an air outlet of the isothermal compressor is communicated with a working medium inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a first multistage heat exchange module; a gas-phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with an air inlet of the isothermal compressor through a first multistage heat exchange module; the working medium inlet of a turbine at one end of the first multistage turbine power generation module is communicated with a certain heat flow outlet in the first multistage heat exchange module; a working medium outlet of the turbine at the other end of the heat exchanger is communicated with a certain cold flow outlet in the first multistage heat exchange module; a second multistage heat exchange module; a second multi-stage turbine power generation module; a working medium inlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the liquid phase outlet; the working medium outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the working medium inlet of the turbine through the second multistage heat exchange module. The system can improve the circulation efficiency of the system and realize the multi-stage utilization of the cold quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquefied air energy storage, and particularly relates to a partially-pumped multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system and a method.
Background
With the increasing severity of the problems of energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like, the energy storage technology gradually becomes a key technology for energy development. The existing energy storage technology comprises a pumped storage technology, a compressed air energy storage technology, a capacitance energy storage technology, an electromagnetic energy storage technology and the like; due to the limitation of factors such as technical level, the existing technologies for realizing large-scale energy storage only comprise a pumped storage technology and a compressed air energy storage technology. However, both the pumped storage technology and the conventional compressed air energy storage technology have certain limitations; the pumped storage technology has strict limitation on the terrain conditions, namely, the pumped storage technology has feasibility only by having a large enough fall; the main disadvantages of the conventional compressed air energy storage technology are that fuel is consumed, a large air storage cave is relied on, and the system efficiency is not high, so that the application and popularization of the compressed air energy storage technology are limited.
At present, the liquefied air energy storage technology is proposed as a novel compressed air energy storage technology, and the liquefied air energy storage technology has more and more attention due to the advantages of high energy storage density, high cleanliness, no terrain limitation, flexible device adjustment and the like; however, because of the large energy consumption required for liquefying air and the low circulation efficiency of the system due to the influence of equipment, technology and other factors, the efficiency of the conventional liquefied air energy storage system is only about 40% -50%. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new liquefied air energy storage system to improve the system cycle efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system and method with partial air extraction, so as to solve one or more technical problems. The liquefied air energy storage system provided by the invention can improve the circulation efficiency of the system and can realize the multi-stage utilization of the cold quantity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system with partial air extraction, which comprises:
an isothermal compressor provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the air inlet of the isothermal compressor is used for introducing air into the isothermal compressor;
the gas-liquid separator is provided with a working medium inlet, a gas-phase outlet and a liquid-phase outlet;
a first multi-stage heat exchange module comprising a plurality of heat exchangers arranged in series; an air outlet of the isothermal compressor is communicated with a working medium inlet of the gas-liquid separator after sequentially passing through a heat flow channel of each heat exchanger of the first multistage heat exchange module; a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with an air inlet of the isothermal compressor after sequentially passing through cold flow channels of the heat exchangers of the first multistage heat exchange module;
the first multistage turbine power generation module comprises a plurality of turbines which are arranged in series, and the turbines are used for driving a generator to generate power; a working medium inlet of a turbine at one end of the first multistage turbine power generation module is communicated with a heat flow outlet of a preset heat exchanger in the first multistage heat exchange module; a working medium outlet of the turbine at the other end of the first multistage turbine power generation module is communicated with a cold flow outlet of a preset heat exchanger in the first multistage heat exchange module;
a second multi-stage heat exchange module comprising a plurality of heat exchangers arranged in series;
the second multistage turbine power generation module comprises a plurality of turbines which are arranged in series, a heat exchanger for heating a working medium is arranged between the turbines, and the turbines are used for driving a power generator to generate power;
the liquid storage tank is provided with a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet; a working medium inlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator; and the working medium outlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the working medium inlet of the turbine at one end of the second multistage turbine power generation module through the cold flow channel of each heat exchanger in the second multistage heat exchange module.
The invention is further improved in that a throttle valve is arranged at a working medium inlet of the gas-liquid separator.
The invention has the further improvement that a liquid pump is arranged between the working medium outlet of the liquid storage tank and the second multistage heat exchange module.
The invention has the further improvement that in the first multistage turbine power generation module, a heat exchanger for heating a working medium is arranged between turbines; and in the second multistage turbine power generation module, a heat exchanger for heating the working medium is arranged between the turbines.
The invention further improves the method and also comprises the following steps: the first generator is used for generating power under the driving of the first multistage turbine power generation module; and the second generator is used for generating power under the driving of the second multistage turbine power generation module.
In a further development of the invention, the first multistage heat exchange module comprises: a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a third heater;
the hot flow inlet and the cold flow outlet of the first heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the air outlet and the air inlet of the isothermal compressor;
the hot fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the hot fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger;
the hot fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet of the third heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the hot fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger; and the hot flow outlet and the cold flow inlet of the third heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the working medium inlet and the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator.
In a further development of the invention, the first multistage turbine power generation module comprises: a first turbine, a second turbine and a fourth heat exchanger;
the working medium inlet of the first turbine is communicated with the heat flow outlet of the first heat exchanger,
and the working medium outlet of the first turbine is communicated with the working medium inlet of the second turbine through the cold flow channel of the fourth heat exchanger, and the working medium outlet of the second turbine is communicated with the cold flow inlet of the second heat exchange.
In a further development of the invention, the second multistage turbine power module has three stages.
The invention is further improved in that the second multistage heat exchange module has three stages.
The invention relates to a multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage method with partial air extraction, which is based on the system provided by the invention and comprises the following steps:
when a user is in a low ebb of electricity, compressed air output by the isothermal compressor enters the first multistage heat exchange module and performs stage heat exchange with air discharged by the gas-liquid separator; one part of the compressed air after heat exchange enters the first multistage turbine power generation module, expands and applies work in a turbine in stages to drive a generator to generate power, and the other part of the compressed air after heat exchange enters the gas-liquid separator; the air discharged by the gas-liquid separator is introduced into the isothermal compressor after heat exchange; the air output after expansion work is introduced into the first multistage heat exchange module, and performs stage heat exchange with the compressed air output by the isothermal compressor;
when a user is in a power consumption peak, liquid air stored in the liquid storage tank is introduced into the second multistage heat exchange module for stage heat exchange, air subjected to stage heat exchange is introduced into the second multistage turbine power generation module, and the air subjected to stage heat exchange is expanded in a turbine in stages to do work and is used for driving a generator to generate power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system with partial air exhaust can improve the circulation efficiency of the system and realize the multi-stage utilization of the cold quantity. Specifically, the isothermal compressor is used for carrying out approximate isothermal compression, so that the heat release of compression can be reduced to the greatest extent, the power consumption in the compression process can be reduced, and the cycle efficiency of the system can be improved; the invention can carry out multi-stage heat exchange in the air liquefaction cooling and gasification heating processes, and can improve the utilization rate of energy. In addition, in the air liquefaction cooling process, part of high-pressure air is pumped into the turbine to be expanded to do work, so that the output work of the system can be increased, and the circulation efficiency of the system is improved; the multistage heat exchange in the air gasification heating process can be used for different systems with cold quantity aiming at different temperature requirements, thereby realizing the multistage utilization of the cold quantity and meeting the requirements of users with different cold quantity requirements.
In the invention, the low-temperature air after energy release can also provide cold energy, thereby meeting the requirements of corresponding users and enriching the cold energy source and utilization of the system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partially pumped, multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 1, isothermal compressor; 2. a first heat exchanger; 3. a second heat exchanger; 4. a first turbine; 5. a first generator; 6. a fourth heat exchanger; 7. a second turbine; 8. a third heat exchanger; 9. a throttle valve; 10. a gas-liquid separator; 11. a liquid storage tank; 12. a liquid pump; 13. a fifth heat exchanger; 14. a sixth heat exchanger; 15. a seventh heat exchanger; 16. a third turbine; 17. a second generator; 18. an eighth heat exchanger; 19. a fourth turbine; 20. a ninth heat exchanger; 21. a fifth turbine; 22. a tenth heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system with partial air extraction according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the system comprises an isothermal compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3, a first turbine 4, a first generator 5, a fourth heat exchanger 6, a second turbine 7, a third heat exchanger 8, a throttle valve 9, a gas-liquid separator 10, a liquid storage tank 11, a liquid pump 12, a fifth heat exchanger 13, a sixth heat exchanger 14, a seventh heat exchanger 15, a third turbine 16, a second generator 17, an eighth heat exchanger 18, a fourth turbine 19, a ninth heat exchanger 20, a fifth turbine 21 and a tenth heat exchanger 22; wherein, multistage heat transfer liquefied air energy storage system includes: an energy storage subsystem and an energy release subsystem.
The energy storage subsystem in the embodiment of the invention comprises an isothermal compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3, a first turbine 4, a first generator 5, a fourth heat exchanger 6, a second turbine 7, a third heat exchanger 8, a throttle valve 9, a gas-liquid separator 10 and a liquid storage tank 11. Wherein, the outlet of the isothermal compressor 1 is connected with the first inlet of the first heat exchanger 2, the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected with the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 and the inlet of the first turbine 4, the first outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected with the first inlet of the third heat exchanger 8, the outlet of the first turbine 4 is connected with the first inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 6, the main shaft thereof is connected with the first generator 5, the first outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 6 is connected with the inlet of the second turbine 7, the outlet of the second turbine 7 is connected with the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 3, the main shaft thereof is connected with the first generator 5, the first outlet of the third heat exchanger 8 is connected with the inlet of the throttle valve 9, the outlet of the throttle valve 9 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 10, the first outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage tank 11, the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 is connected with the second inlet of the third heat exchanger 8, a second outlet of the third heat exchanger 8 is connected with a second inlet of the second heat exchanger 3, a second outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected with a second inlet of the first heat exchanger 2, and a second outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected with an inlet of the isothermal compressor 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first heat exchanger 2, the second heat exchanger 3 and the third heat exchanger 8 form a multi-stage heat exchange system in the air liquefaction cooling process, the air discharged by the gas-liquid separator 10 is heated by utilizing the air discharged by the isothermal compressor 1, the heat of the multi-stage heat exchange system can be fully utilized, the utilization rate of the heat is improved, and the number of the heat exchangers in the multi-stage heat exchange system can be selected according to actual conditions.
In the embodiment of the invention, a first turbine 4, a first generator 5, a fourth heat exchanger 6 and a second turbine 7 form part of an air extraction work-doing system, in the multi-stage heat exchange process of air liquefaction and cooling, an inlet or an outlet of a certain stage of heat exchanger is selected, part of air is used for turbine expansion, and other air is continuously subjected to heat exchange, so that the output work of the system can be increased, the circulation efficiency of the system is improved, in order to fully expand the air, the air can also be subjected to multi-stage expansion, the stages can be selected according to actual conditions, and normal-temperature water can be selected as a heating medium for intermediate reheating. It should be noted that the temperature of the air should not be too low, and if the temperature of the air is too low, more cooling capacity needs to be provided in the corresponding multi-stage heat exchange process, so that the system cost will be increased, and meanwhile, the too low temperature will also reduce the output power of the air, which will cause adverse effect on the system efficiency. In addition, if a dimensionless air extraction coefficient α is defined as the air extraction amount/total air amount, when α is too small, the system efficiency is low, and the low-temperature air in the gas-liquid separator cannot provide sufficient cooling capacity for the first multistage heat exchange module in the liquefaction cooling process, and if the part of cooling capacity is additionally provided, the system cost is increased; when alpha is too large, the air quantity entering the gas-liquid separator is small, the energy storage capacity of the system is small, the energy storage scale of the system is small, and the energy storage effect of the system is weakened. Therefore, the extraction coefficient alpha is selected by comprehensively considering the requirements of system efficiency and energy storage scale.
The energy release subsystem in the embodiment of the invention comprises a liquid storage tank 11, a liquid pump 12, a fifth heat exchanger 13, a sixth heat exchanger 14, a seventh heat exchanger 15, a third turbine 16, a second generator 17, an eighth heat exchanger 18, a fourth turbine 19, a ninth heat exchanger 20, a fifth turbine 21 and a tenth heat exchanger 22. Wherein, the outlet of the liquid storage tank 11 is connected with the inlet of the liquid pump 12, the outlet of the liquid pump 12 is connected with the first inlet of the fifth heat exchanger 13, the first outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 13 is connected with the first inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 14, the first outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 14 is connected with the first inlet of the seventh heat exchanger 15, the first outlet of the seventh heat exchanger 15 is connected with the inlet of the third turbine 16, the outlet of the third turbine 16 is connected with the first inlet of the eighth heat exchanger 18, the main shaft thereof is connected with the second generator 17, the first outlet of the eighth heat exchanger 18 is connected with the inlet of the fourth turbine 19, the outlet of the fourth turbine 19 is connected with the first inlet of the ninth heat exchanger 20, the main shaft thereof is connected with the second generator 17, the first outlet of the ninth heat exchanger 20 is connected with the inlet of the fifth turbine 21, the outlet of the fifth turbine 21 is connected with the first inlet of the tenth heat exchanger 22, the main shaft of which is connected to the second generator 17 and the first outlet of the tenth heat exchanger 22 is connected to the atmosphere.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the fifth heat exchanger 13, the sixth heat exchanger 14 and the seventh heat exchanger 15 form a multi-stage heat exchange system in the air gasification heating process, liquid air discharged from the liquid storage tank 11 is used for cooling an external system (a heat source), the cold energy of liquefied air can be used for systems with different temperature requirements through multi-stage heat exchange, the cold energy is fully utilized, meanwhile, the liquefied air is gasified after absorbing heat, and is convenient to be subsequently used for turbine expansion to do work, and the number of the heat exchangers in the multi-stage heat exchange system can be selected according to the actual requirements of users.
In the embodiment of the invention, a third turbine 16, a second generator 17, an eighth heat exchanger 18, a fourth turbine 19, a ninth heat exchanger 20, a fifth turbine 21 and a tenth heat exchanger 22 form a multistage turbine expansion system, liquefied air enters the multistage turbine expansion system for expansion work after being gasified and heated in multiple stages, the arrangement of the multistage turbines can enable the gas to be fully expanded, the output work of the system can be increased, the circulation efficiency of the system is improved, normal-temperature water can be selected as a heating medium for reheating in the expansion process, and the stages of the turbines can be selected according to actual conditions. Meanwhile, the air temperature after energy release (namely after the outlet of the final stage turbine) can reach lower temperature, and the air temperature can serve as a cold source of an external system, so that the cold energy source and the utilization of the system are further enriched.
The working process of the partially-pumped multistage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
when a user is at the power consumption valley, the air at normal temperature and normal pressure enters the first heat exchanger 2 after being compressed by the isothermal compressor 1, the heat exchange is carried out with the air discharged from the gas-liquid separator 10, part of the cooled air enters the second heat exchanger 3 to carry out the second-stage heat exchange with the low-temperature air discharged from the gas-liquid separator 10, part of the cooled air enters the first turbine 4 to carry out expansion work, the main shaft of the first turbine 4 is connected with the first generator 5 and drives the first generator 5 to generate electricity, the expanded air enters the fourth heat exchanger 6 to be reheated, the heating medium can be normal-temperature water, the reheated air enters the second turbine 7 to carry out expansion work, the main shaft of the second turbine 7 is connected with the first generator 5 and drives the first generator 5 to generate electricity, and the expanded air and the low-temperature air at the outlet of the third heat exchanger 8 are merged and enter the second heat exchanger 3 to cool the air from the compressor 1 under the constant temperature. The cooled air in the second heat exchanger 3 enters the third heat exchanger 8 to perform third-stage heat exchange with low-temperature air discharged from the gas-liquid separator 10, the cooled air is throttled and expanded to a gas-liquid two-phase state under the action of the throttle valve and is separated into gaseous air and liquid air in the gas-liquid separator 10, the gaseous low-temperature air serves as a cooling medium for multi-stage heat exchange as described above, and the liquid low-temperature high-pressure air enters the liquid storage tank 11 to be stored, so that the energy storage process is completed.
When a user is in a peak of power utilization, low-temperature high-pressure liquid air stored in the liquid storage tank 11 enters the fifth heat exchanger 13 under the action of the liquid pump 12 to perform first-stage heat exchange to serve as a cooling medium of a first external system, the air after heat exchange enters the sixth heat exchanger 14 to perform second-stage heat exchange to serve as a cooling medium of a second external system, and the air after heat exchange enters the seventh heat exchanger 15 again to perform third-stage heat exchange to serve as a cooling medium of a third external system. The high-pressure air after multi-stage heat exchange enters a third turbine 16 to be expanded to do work, a main shaft of the third turbine 16 is connected with a second generator 17 and drives the second generator 17 to generate electricity, the expanded air enters an eighth heat exchanger 18 to be reheated, a heating medium can be normal-temperature water, the reheated air enters a fourth turbine 19 to be expanded to do work, a main shaft of the fourth turbine 19 is connected with the second generator 17 and drives the second generator 17 to generate electricity, the expanded air enters a ninth heat exchanger 20 to be reheated, the heating medium can be normal-temperature water, the reheated air enters a fifth turbine 21 to be expanded to do work, a main shaft of the fifth turbine 21 is connected with the second generator 17 and drives the fifth generator 17 to generate electricity, the expanded air enters a tenth heat exchanger 22 to exchange heat and serves as a cooling medium of a fourth external system, and the air after heat exchange is discharged into the atmosphere, so that the energy release process is completed.
Optionally, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stage heat exchange may be arranged between the isothermal compressor 1 and the throttle valve 9, a specific heat exchange stage number may be selected according to an actual requirement of a user, a multi-stage heat exchange may be arranged between the liquid pump 12 and the third turbine 16, and a specific heat exchange stage number may be selected according to an actual requirement of a user.
Preferably, the heat exchange stages in the liquefaction heat release and gasification heating processes can be selected according to actual requirements, and the external systems can be selected according to temperature requirements, so that the cold energy can be fully and reasonably utilized.
The invention can realize that: the circulation efficiency of the liquefied air energy storage system can be improved, and the multi-stage utilization of the cold energy is realized.
For example, for economy, the main cycle parameters of the system may take the following values: the outlet pressure of the isothermal compressor is 6MPa to 18MPa, the inlet temperature of the throttle valve is minus 180 ℃ to minus 150 ℃, the outlet pressure of the liquid pump is 2MPa to 14MPa, and the partial air extraction coefficient alpha is 0.4 to 0.6. Under the given parameter range, the system efficiency is about 50-65%, and the efficiency is improved compared with the efficiency of about 40-50% of the conventional liquefied air energy storage system.
In summary, the invention provides a multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system and method capable of partially exhausting air, which can improve the circulation efficiency of the system and realize multi-stage utilization of cold energy. Specifically, the air is approximately isothermally compressed by a spray cooling technology, so that the heat release of the compression is reduced to the maximum extent, the power consumption in the compression process is reduced, and the circulation efficiency of the system is improved; the invention improves the utilization efficiency of energy by carrying out multi-stage heat exchange in the processes of air liquefaction cooling and gasification heating; furthermore, part of high-pressure air is pumped into a turbine to do work through expansion in the air liquefaction and cooling process, so that the output work of the system is increased, and the circulation efficiency of the system is improved; furthermore, the multi-stage heat exchange in the air gasification heating process can use the cooling capacity for different systems according to different temperature requirements, thereby realizing the multi-stage utilization of the cooling capacity and meeting the requirements of users with different cooling capacity requirements; furthermore, the low-temperature air after energy release can also provide cold energy, thereby meeting the requirements of corresponding users and enriching the cold energy source and utilization of the system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multistage heat transfer liquefied air energy storage system of part bleed air which characterized in that includes:
an isothermal compressor (1), the isothermal compressor (1) being provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the air inlet of the isothermal compressor (1) is used for introducing air into the isothermal compressor (1);
the gas-liquid separator (10), the said gas-liquid separator (10) has working medium entrance, gas phase outlet and liquid phase outlet;
a first multi-stage heat exchange module comprising a plurality of heat exchangers arranged in series; an air outlet of the isothermal compressor (1) is communicated with a working medium inlet of the gas-liquid separator (10) after sequentially passing through a heat flow channel of each heat exchanger of the first multistage heat exchange module; a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (10) is communicated with an air inlet of the isothermal compressor (1) after sequentially passing through cold flow channels of the heat exchangers of the first multistage heat exchange module;
the first multistage turbine power generation module comprises a plurality of turbines which are arranged in series, and the turbines are used for driving a generator to generate power; a working medium inlet of a turbine at one end of the first multistage turbine power generation module is communicated with a heat flow outlet of a preset heat exchanger in the first multistage heat exchange module; a working medium outlet of the turbine at the other end of the first multistage turbine power generation module is communicated with a cold flow outlet of a preset heat exchanger in the first multistage heat exchange module;
a second multi-stage heat exchange module comprising a plurality of heat exchangers arranged in series;
the second multistage turbine power generation module comprises a plurality of turbines which are arranged in series, a heat exchanger for heating a working medium is arranged between the turbines, and the turbines are used for driving a power generator to generate power;
the liquid storage tank (11), the said liquid storage tank (11) has working medium entry and working medium outlet; a working medium inlet of the liquid storage tank (11) is communicated with a liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (10); and a working medium outlet of the liquid storage tank (11) is communicated with a working medium inlet of a turbine at one end of the second multistage turbine power generation module through cold flow channels of the heat exchangers in the second multistage heat exchange module.
2. The partially-pumped multi-stage heat-exchange liquefied air energy storage system is characterized in that a throttling valve (9) is arranged at a working medium inlet of the gas-liquid separator (10).
3. The partially pumped multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein a liquid pump (12) is disposed between the working medium outlet of the liquid storage tank (11) and the second multi-stage heat exchange module.
4. The multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system with partial air extraction according to claim 1,
in the first multistage turbine power generation module, a heat exchanger for heating a working medium is arranged among turbines;
and in the second multistage turbine power generation module, a heat exchanger for heating the working medium is arranged between the turbines.
5. The multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system with partial extraction as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a first generator (5) for generating electricity driven by the first multistage turbine power generation module;
and a second generator (17) for generating electricity driven by the second multistage turbine power generation module.
6. The partially bled, multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the first multi-stage heat exchange module comprises: a first heat exchanger (2), a second heat exchanger (3) and a third heater;
the hot flow inlet and the cold flow outlet of the first heat exchanger (2) are respectively communicated with the air outlet and the air inlet of the isothermal compressor (1);
the hot fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger (3) are respectively communicated with the hot fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger (2);
the hot fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet of the third heat exchanger (8) are respectively communicated with the hot fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger (3); and a hot flow outlet and a cold flow inlet of the third heat exchanger (8) are respectively communicated with a working medium inlet and a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (10).
7. The partially extracted, multi-stage heat exchanged liquefied air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the first multi-stage turbine power generation module comprises: a first turbine (4), a second turbine (7) and a fourth heat exchanger (6);
the working medium inlet of the first turbine (4) is communicated with the heat flow outlet of the first heat exchanger (2),
and a working medium outlet of the first turbine (4) is communicated with a working medium inlet of the second turbine (7) through a cold flow channel of the fourth heat exchanger (6), and a working medium outlet of the second turbine (7) is communicated with a cold flow inlet of the second heat exchange.
8. The partially extracted, multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the second multi-stage turbine power generation module is three-stage.
9. The partially bled, multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the second multi-stage heat exchange module is three-stage.
10. The multi-stage heat exchange liquefied air energy storage method based on the partial air exhaust system of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when a user is in a low ebb of electricity, compressed air output by the isothermal compressor (1) enters the first multistage heat exchange module and performs stage heat exchange with air discharged by the gas-liquid separator (10); one part of the compressed air after heat exchange enters the first multistage turbine power generation module, expands and applies work in a turbine in stages to drive a generator to generate power, and the other part of the compressed air after heat exchange enters the gas-liquid separator (10); the air discharged by the gas-liquid separator (10) is introduced into the isothermal compressor (1) after heat exchange; the air output after expansion work is introduced into the first multistage heat exchange module, and performs stage heat exchange with the compressed air output by the isothermal compressor (1);
when a user is in a peak of power utilization, liquid air stored in the liquid storage tank (11) is introduced into the second multistage heat exchange module for stage heat exchange, air subjected to stage heat exchange is introduced into the second multistage turbine power generation module, and the air subjected to stage heat exchange is expanded in a turbine in stages to do work and is used for driving a power generator to generate power.
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