CN111928511B - Liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system and method based on compressor intermediate suction - Google Patents
Liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system and method based on compressor intermediate suction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J1/0282—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquefied air energy storage and peak regulation system and method based on compressor intermediate suction, wherein the system consists of a first turbine set, a second turbine set, a condenser, a refrigeration compressor, an air compressor, a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, a liquid air storage tank, an air heating device, an air expander and a control valve; the system utilizes redundant steam to drive the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, reduces energy transfer loss and greatly reduces cryogenic production cost, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor enters different working stages in the air compressor again after being cooled to a certain extent through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, temperature rise and power consumption in the compression process are reduced, the energy storage efficiency of the system is improved, an interstage cooler does not need to be arranged, and system investment and occupied area are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage peak shaving, and particularly relates to a liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system and method based on middle suction of a compressor, which are suitable for various thermal power plants taking a coal-fired unit as a typical power plant and can improve the peak shaving capacity of the coal-fired unit and the economy of an energy storage system.
Background
At present, renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like in China are rapidly developed year by year, in addition, the electricity consumption of the whole society is increased year by year, the electricity peak-valley difference of a power grid is increased day by day, and the requirements of the power grid on the peak regulation times and the depth of a coal-fired unit are greatly improved.
The technology for improving the peak regulation capacity of the coal-fired unit mainly comprises an electric boiler heat storage technology, a water tank heat storage technology, a steam turbine steam flow reconstruction technology, an electrochemical battery energy storage technology and the like, wherein electric energy is converted into heat energy for heating through the electric boiler heat storage technology, the peak regulation capacity is high, but the energy quality is greatly reduced, and the electric boiler heat storage technology is only suitable for a cogeneration unit, the water tank heat storage technology and the steam turbine steam flow reconstruction technology have the advantages of good heat economy, relatively low investment, limited peak regulation capacity and suitability for the cogeneration unit, the electrochemical battery energy storage technology has the advantages of quick response, small volume and short construction period, but short service life, high average cost and high safety risk, and whether the electric boiler is suitable for constructing large-scale energy storage and still needs engineering demonstration verification.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the peak shaving technology of the existing coal-fired unit, the invention provides the liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system and the method based on the middle suction of the compressor, the pressure and the temperature are rapidly increased in the air compression process, most of high-grade electric energy is converted into heat energy, the energy consumption of the compressor is very large, the working condition is worsened, the energy storage efficiency of the system is reduced, in addition, the energy consumption is very large in the cryogenic preparation process, the COP is very low, which is also a key factor influencing the economical efficiency of the liquefied air energy storage system, and the invention can effectively solve the problems. The unit generates a large amount of redundant steam with work capacity during peak regulation, the part of the steam is used for driving the small steam turbine and then driving the refrigeration compressor to compress the refrigeration working medium, finally, the required refrigeration capacity is obtained and stored through the cascade refrigeration system, and the production cost of the part of the refrigeration capacity is basically zero; after partial high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor is cooled to a certain degree through the cold storage system, the high-pressure air is delivered to different working stages in the compressor in a middle air suction mode, so that the air temperature is reduced, the temperature rise in the whole compression process is small, the power consumption is low, the energy storage efficiency is improved, meanwhile, an interstage cooler does not need to be arranged, and the system investment and the occupied area are reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system based on compressor middle air suction consists of a first turbine set 1, a first valve 2, a second valve 3, a second turbine set 4, a condenser 5, a refrigeration compressor 6, an air compressor 7, a third valve 8, a fourth valve 9, a fifth valve 10, a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a sixth valve 12, a liquid air storage tank 13, a seventh valve 14, an air heating device 15 and an air expander 16;
the first turbine set 1 comprises a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder which are sequentially connected, an outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is sequentially connected with the low-pressure cylinder and a condenser 5 through a first valve 2, and an outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet of the second turbine set 4 through a second valve 3; the second turbine set 4 directly drives the refrigeration compressor 6 to rotate through a connecting shaft, the refrigeration compressor 6 drives the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, and the outlet of the second turbine set 4 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 5; an outlet of the air compressor 7 is sequentially connected with an interstage air supply cooling side inlet a of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 and an interstage air supply cooling side outlet b of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 through a third valve 8, and the interstage air supply cooling side outlet b of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 is connected with a first interstage air suction inlet a of the air compressor 7 through a fourth valve 9 and connected with a second interstage air suction inlet b of the air compressor 7 through a fifth valve 10; an outlet of the air compressor 7 is sequentially connected with a cooling liquefaction side inlet c of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a cooling liquefaction side outlet d of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a sixth valve 12 and a liquid air storage tank 13; an outlet of the liquid air storage tank 13 is sequentially connected with a cold energy recovery side inlet e of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a cold energy recovery side outlet f of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, an air heating device 15 and an air expander 16 through a seventh valve 14; the system utilizes redundant steam to drive the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, reduces energy transfer loss and greatly reduces cryogenic production cost, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor enters different working stages in the air compressor again after being cooled to a certain extent through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, temperature rise and power consumption in the compression process are reduced, the energy storage efficiency of the system is improved, an interstage cooler does not need to be arranged, and system investment and occupied area are reduced.
And the second valve 3 is connected with an outlet of an intermediate pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine set 1, or the steam extraction position is screened according to the condition of the generator set.
The cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 is driven by a vapor-driven refrigeration compressor 6 and operates at high load during peak shaving and does not operate substantially during non-peak shaving.
The air compressor 7 has a first inter-stage suction inlet a and a second inter-stage suction inlet b representing a plurality of inter-stage suction inlets, and is driven by electric power or steam.
The air heating device 15 uses the extracted steam of the first turbine unit 1 as a heat source.
The air heating device 15 and the air expansion machine 16 are in one stage or multiple stages, the number of the air heating device 15 corresponds to that of the air expansion machine 16, and the air heating devices of each stage are connected with the corresponding air expansion machines in series.
The system is suitable for a cogeneration unit and a straight condensing unit, the deep cooling preparation cost is greatly reduced, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor 7 enters different working stages inside the air compressor 7 again after being cooled to a certain degree through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, the air temperature rise in the compression process is small, the compression power consumption of the air of unit mass is small, and the high energy storage efficiency and the high economical efficiency are realized.
The operation method of the liquefied air energy storage and peak regulation system based on compressor intermediate suction comprises an energy storage mode and an energy release mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
an energy storage mode: when the power consumption of a power grid is low and the coal-fired unit is required to reduce the power generation load, the energy storage mode is started, the second valve 3, the third valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 10 and the sixth valve 12 are opened, the opening degree of the first valve 2 is adjusted, and the seventh valve 14 is closed; a part of steam at the outlet of a pressure cylinder in the first steam turbine unit 1 enters a second steam turbine unit 4 through a second valve 3 to drive the second steam turbine unit to rotate at a high speed, the second steam turbine unit 4 drives a refrigeration compressor 6 to rotate through a connecting shaft so as to drive a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 to operate, the generated cold energy is directly stored in the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, and the exhaust steam at the outlet of the second steam turbine unit 4 enters a condenser 5 to release heat so as to generate condensed water; the rest steam at the outlet of the pressure cylinder in the first turbine unit 1 firstly enters the low-pressure cylinder of the first turbine unit 1 to do work, and then enters the condenser 5 to release heat to generate condensed water; the air compressor 7 is driven by electric energy or steam to compress air, a small part of high-pressure air enters the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 through the third valve 8 to be cooled, the cooled air enters different working stages of the air compressor 7 through the fourth valve 9 and the fifth valve 10 respectively to reduce the temperature rise in the air compression process and the compression power consumption of air of unit mass, the rest air enters the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 to be cooled and liquefied, and liquid air enters the liquid air storage tank 13 through the sixth valve 12 to be stored;
energy release mode: starting an energy release mode when the power consumption peak of a power grid and the coal-fired unit are required to lift the power generation load, closing the second valve 3, the third valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 10 and the sixth valve 12, and opening the first valve 2 and the seventh valve 14; the low temperature liquid air flows out from the liquid air storage tank 13, the normal temperature high pressure air generated after cold energy recovery by the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 enters the air heating device 15 to absorb heat, the high temperature high pressure air enters the air expander 16 to expand and work to output electric energy, the outlet of the air expander 16 is normal pressure normal temperature air, and the air is discharged into the surrounding environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the system utilizes redundant steam to drive the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, reduces energy transfer loss and greatly reduces cryogenic production cost, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor enters different working stages inside the air compressor again after being cooled to a certain extent through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, reduces temperature rise and power consumption in the compression process, improves the energy storage efficiency of the system, does not need to be provided with an interstage cooler, and reduces system investment and floor area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a first turbine set 2-a first valve 3-a second valve 4-a second turbine set 5-a condenser 6-a refrigeration compressor 7-an air compressor 8-a third valve 9-a fourth valve 10-a fifth valve 11-a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 12-a sixth valve 13-a liquid air storage tank 14-a seventh valve 15-an air heating device 16-an air expander
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, which are described herein for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in fig. 1, the liquefied air energy storage and peak shaving system based on compressor intermediate suction of the present invention is composed of a first turbine set 1, a first valve 2, a second valve 3, a second turbine set 4, a condenser 5, a refrigeration compressor 6, an air compressor 7, a third valve 8, a fourth valve 9, a fifth valve 10, a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a sixth valve 12, a liquid air storage tank 13, a seventh valve 14, an air heating device 15, and an air expander 16.
The first turbine set 1 comprises a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder which are sequentially connected, an outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is sequentially connected with the low-pressure cylinder and a condenser 5 through a first valve 2, and an outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet of the second turbine set 4 through a second valve 3; the second turbine set 4 directly drives the refrigeration compressor 6 to rotate through a connecting shaft, the refrigeration compressor 6 drives the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, and the outlet of the second turbine set 4 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 5; an outlet of the air compressor 7 is sequentially connected with an interstage air supply cooling side inlet a of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 and an interstage air supply cooling side outlet b of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 through a third valve 8, and the interstage air supply cooling side outlet b of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 is connected with a first interstage air suction inlet a of the air compressor 7 through a fourth valve 9 and connected with a second interstage air suction inlet b of the air compressor 7 through a fifth valve 10; an outlet of the air compressor 7 is sequentially connected with a cooling liquefaction side inlet c of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a cooling liquefaction side outlet d of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a sixth valve 12 and a liquid air storage tank 13; an outlet of the liquid air storage tank 13 is sequentially connected with a cold energy recovery side inlet e of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, a cold energy recovery side outlet f of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, an air heating device 15 and an air expander 16 through a seventh valve 14; the system utilizes redundant steam to drive the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, reduces energy transfer loss and greatly reduces cryogenic production cost, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor enters different working stages in the air compressor again after being cooled to a certain extent through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, temperature rise and power consumption in the compression process are reduced, the energy storage efficiency of the system is improved, an interstage cooler does not need to be arranged, and system investment and occupied area are reduced.
The liquefied air energy storage and peak regulation system based on the intermediate suction of the compressor can operate according to the following energy storage mode and energy release mode.
An energy storage mode: when the power consumption of a power grid is low and the coal-fired unit is required to reduce the power generation load, the energy storage mode is started, the second valve 3, the third valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 10 and the sixth valve 12 are opened, the opening degree of the first valve 2 is adjusted, and the seventh valve 14 is closed; a part of steam at the outlet of a pressure cylinder in the first steam turbine unit 1 enters a second steam turbine unit 4 through a second valve 3 to drive the second steam turbine unit to rotate at a high speed, the second steam turbine unit 4 drives a refrigeration compressor 6 to rotate through a connecting shaft so as to drive a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 to operate, the generated cold energy is directly stored in the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11, and the exhaust steam at the outlet of the second steam turbine unit 4 enters a condenser 5 to release heat so as to generate condensed water; the rest steam at the outlet of the pressure cylinder in the first turbine unit 1 firstly enters the low-pressure cylinder of the first turbine unit 1 to do work, and then enters the condenser 5 to release heat to generate condensed water; the air compressor 7 is driven by electric energy or steam to compress air, a small part of high-pressure air enters the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 through the third valve 8 to be cooled, the cooled air enters different working stages of the air compressor 7 through the fourth valve 9 and the fifth valve 10 respectively to reduce the temperature rise in the air compression process and the compression power consumption of unit mass air, the rest air enters the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 to be cooled and liquefied, and liquid air enters the liquid air storage tank 13 through the sixth valve 12 to be stored.
Energy release mode: starting an energy release mode when the power consumption peak of a power grid and the coal-fired unit are required to lift the power generation load, closing the second valve 3, the third valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 10 and the sixth valve 12, and opening the first valve 2 and the seventh valve 14; the low temperature liquid air flows out from the liquid air storage tank 13, the normal temperature high pressure air generated after cold energy recovery by the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system 11 enters the air heating device 15 to absorb heat, the high temperature high pressure air enters the air expander 16 to expand and work to output electric energy, the outlet of the air expander 16 is normal pressure normal temperature air, and the air is discharged into the surrounding environment.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention. Any insubstantial modification of the invention using this concept is intended to be covered by the act of infringing the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system based on breathing in the middle of the compressor, its characterized in that: the system is composed of a first turbine set (1), a first valve (2), a second valve (3), a second turbine set (4), a condenser (5), a refrigeration compressor (6), an air compressor (7), a third valve (8), a fourth valve (9), a fifth valve (10), a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), a sixth valve (12), a liquid air storage tank (13), a seventh valve (14), an air heating device (15) and an air expander (16);
the first steam turbine set (1) comprises a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder which are sequentially connected, an outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is sequentially connected with the low-pressure cylinder and a condenser (5) through a first valve (2), and an outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet of the second steam turbine set (4) through a second valve (3); the second turbine set (4) directly drives the refrigeration compressor (6) to rotate through a connecting shaft, the refrigeration compressor (6) drives the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), and an outlet of the second turbine set (4) is connected with an inlet of the condenser (5); an outlet of the air compressor (7) is sequentially connected with an interstage air supply cooling side inlet (a) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) and an interstage air supply cooling side outlet (b) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) through a third valve (8), and the interstage air supply cooling side outlet (b) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) is connected with a first interstage air suction inlet (a) of the air compressor (7) through a fourth valve (9) and is connected with a second interstage air suction inlet (b) of the air compressor (7) through a fifth valve (10); an outlet of the air compressor (7) is sequentially connected with a cooling liquefaction side inlet (c) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), a cooling liquefaction side outlet (d) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), a sixth valve (12) and a liquid air storage tank (13); an outlet of the liquid air storage tank (13) is sequentially connected with a cold energy recovery side inlet (e) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), a cold energy recovery side outlet (f) of the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), an air heating device (15) and an air expander (16) through a seventh valve (14); the system utilizes redundant steam to drive the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, reduces energy transfer loss and greatly reduces cryogenic production cost, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor enters different working stages in the air compressor again after being cooled to a certain extent through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system, temperature rise and power consumption in the compression process are reduced, the energy storage efficiency of the system is improved, an interstage cooler does not need to be arranged, and system investment and occupied area are reduced.
2. The compressor intermediate suction based liquefied air energy storage peaking system of claim 1, wherein: and the second valve (3) is connected with an outlet of a medium pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine set (1), or the steam extraction position is screened according to the condition of the generator set.
3. The compressor intermediate suction based liquefied air energy storage peaking system of claim 1, wherein: the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) is operated by a vapor-driven refrigeration compressor (6) and is operated at high load during peak shaving and is substantially inoperative during non-peak shaving.
4. The compressor intermediate suction based liquefied air energy storage peaking system of claim 1, wherein: the air compressor (7) first and second interstage suction inlets (a, b) represent a plurality of interstage suction inlets, and the air compressor is driven by electric energy or steam.
5. The compressor intermediate suction based liquefied air energy storage peaking system of claim 1, wherein: the air heating device (15) takes the extracted steam of the first steam turbine set (1) as a heat source.
6. The compressor intermediate suction based liquefied air energy storage peaking system of claim 1, wherein: the air heating device (15) and the air expansion machine (16) are in one stage or multiple stages, the number of the air heating device (15) is in one-to-one correspondence with that of the air expansion machine (16), and the air heating devices of each stage are connected in series with the corresponding air expansion machines.
7. The compressor intermediate suction based liquefied air energy storage peaking system of claim 1, wherein: the system is suitable for a cogeneration unit and a straight condensing unit, the deep cooling preparation cost is greatly reduced, a small part of air at the outlet of the air compressor (7) enters different working stages inside the air compressor (7) again after being cooled to a certain degree through the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), the air temperature rise in the compression process is small, the compression power consumption of the air of unit mass is small, and the high energy storage efficiency and the high economical efficiency are realized.
8. Method of operating a liquefied air energy storage peaking system based on compressor intermediate suction as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the energy storage device comprises an energy storage mode and an energy release mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
an energy storage mode: the method comprises the steps that when the power consumption of a power grid is low and a coal-fired unit is needed to reduce the power generation load, an energy storage mode is started, a second valve (3), a third valve (8), a fourth valve (9), a fifth valve (10) and a sixth valve (12) are opened, the opening degree of a first valve (2) is adjusted, and a seventh valve (14) is closed; a part of steam at the outlet of a pressure cylinder in the first steam turbine set (1) enters a second steam turbine set (4) through a second valve (3) to push the second steam turbine set (4) to rotate at a high speed, the second steam turbine set (4) drives a refrigeration compressor (6) to rotate through a connecting shaft so as to drive a cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) to operate, the generated cold energy is directly stored in the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11), and the exhaust steam at the outlet of the second steam turbine set (4) enters a condenser (5) to release heat so as to generate condensed water; the rest steam at the outlet of the medium pressure cylinder of the first turbine set (1) firstly enters the low pressure cylinder of the first turbine set (1) to do work, and then enters the condenser (5) to release heat to generate condensed water; the air compressor (7) is driven to compress air by electric energy or steam, a small part of high-pressure air enters the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) through the third valve (8) to be cooled, the cooled air enters different working stages of the air compressor (7) through the fourth valve (9) and the fifth valve (10) respectively to reduce temperature rise in the air compression process and reduce compression power consumption of air of unit mass, the rest air enters the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) to be cooled and liquefied, and liquid air enters the liquid air storage tank (13) through the sixth valve (12) to be stored;
energy release mode: the energy releasing mode is started when the power consumption peak of a power grid and the coal-fired unit are required to lift the power generation load, the second valve (3), the third valve (8), the fourth valve (9), the fifth valve (10) and the sixth valve (12) are closed, and the first valve (2) and the seventh valve (14) are opened; the low-temperature liquid air flows out from the liquid air storage tank (13), normal-temperature high-pressure air generated after cold energy is recovered by the cascade refrigeration/cold storage system (11) enters the air heating device (15) to absorb heat, the high-temperature high-pressure air enters the air expansion machine (16) to be expanded to work and output electric energy, and the outlet of the air expansion machine (16) is normal-pressure normal-temperature air and is discharged into the surrounding environment.
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| CN202010790621.XA CN111928511B (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Liquefied air energy storage peak shaving system and method based on compressor intermediate suction |
| PCT/CN2020/126290 WO2022027844A1 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | Liquefied air energy storage peak regulation system and method based on intermediate suction of compressor |
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| CN114592929B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-09-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Gradient heat storage system and method for coal motor group depth peak shaving |
| CN114592937B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-08-29 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Electric storage system and method for electric storage coupling of compressed air and heat pump |
| CN114810250A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-29 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Power generation thermodynamic system for reducing heat loss of steam turbine exhaust |
| CN114856735B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-11-17 | 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 | Air turbine coupling gas turbine power generation system based on compressed air energy storage |
| CN114776401A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Operation optimization method and system for dry-wet combined cold end |
| CN115218608A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-21 | 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 | Liquid-air gas storage process method |
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