CN112240540A - Thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage - Google Patents

Thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112240540A
CN112240540A CN202011166654.3A CN202011166654A CN112240540A CN 112240540 A CN112240540 A CN 112240540A CN 202011166654 A CN202011166654 A CN 202011166654A CN 112240540 A CN112240540 A CN 112240540A
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China
Prior art keywords
steam
generating unit
air
power generating
thermal power
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Pending
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CN202011166654.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
居文平
马汀山
吕凯
王妍
张建元
黄嘉驷
林轶
王春燕
杨利
郑天帅
王东晔
刘学亮
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Xian Xire Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Xian Xire Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011166654.3A priority Critical patent/CN112240540A/en
Publication of CN112240540A publication Critical patent/CN112240540A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/345—Control or safety-means particular thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
    • F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
    • F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0242—Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/22—Compressor driver arrangement, e.g. power supply by motor, gas or steam turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage, which comprises a coal-fired generating unit, a liquid compressed air energy storage system and a liquid compressed air energy release system; the liquid compressed air energy storage system is in multiple coupling with the steam-water thermal cycle of the thermal power generating unit, the compressor is driven by a straight condensing steam turbine which takes steam inlet and steam outlet of a middle pressure cylinder of the thermal power generating unit as a heat source, heat in the energy storage compression process is used for heating condensed water so as to expel low pressure cylinder heat regenerative steam extraction, and heat absorption in the energy release expansion process is provided by high-temperature water supply. The operation mode of the system for improving the peak regulation and frequency modulation capability provided by the invention can realize the space-time transfer of partial energy of the steam-water thermal cycle of the thermal power generating unit, and is favorable for improving the peak regulation and frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit participating in the power grid. The method is suitable for all thermal power generating units and has the universal condition for large-scale popularization.

Description

Thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission in the aspect of energy storage, and relates to a thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage.
[ background of the invention ]
By 2019, the cumulative installed capacities of photovoltaic power and wind power respectively reach 2.05 hundred million kilowatts and 2.1 hundred million kilowatts, and account for 10.2 percent and 10.4 percent of the total installed capacity (20.1 hundred million kilowatts); the total annual energy production reaches 2243 and 4057 hundred million kilowatts, which account for 3 percent and 5.5 percent of the total annual energy production (73253 hundred million kilowatts). New energy power is rapidly developed in the future, and the thermal power generating unit is required to further excavate the peak regulation potential on the current basis. The renewable energy source electric energy with the characteristics of volatility and intermittence is connected to the power grid on a large scale, and higher requirements are provided for peak clipping, valley filling, safety and stability of the power grid. The construction of large-scale energy storage devices improves the operation flexibility and safety of the power system, and is an effective way for solving the problem of high-proportion consumption of new energy.
The main performance indicators of the operation flexibility of the power system are two: the load regulation range and the regulation rate, namely, the minimum technical output of the unit is reduced and the load response rate of the unit is improved.
At present, the energy storage technology mainly comprises pumped storage, compressed air storage and electrochemical storage. The pumped storage technology is mature, the efficiency is high, but the problems of geographical position limitation and the like exist, and the large-scale popularization is difficult; the electrochemical battery energy storage technology has the advantages of fast response, small volume and short construction period, but has the defects of short overall service life, large industrial pollution and the like. The liquid compressed air energy storage technology has the characteristics of long service life, small environmental pollution, low operation and maintenance cost and the like, and has large-scale popularization and application potential.
The existing compressed air energy storage and power generation system is applied to the side of a power grid or a user side, heat conduction oil or water is used as a heat carrier, and the compression heat in the energy storage and compression process is used for expansion and heat absorption in the energy release expansion power generation process, so that the overall electricity-electricity conversion efficiency of the system is improved to a certain degree. There is still a strong coupling relationship between compressor heat rejection and expander heat rejection, limiting the overall electrical-to-electrical conversion efficiency improvement of the system and the manufacturing process and cost of critical equipment such as compressor and expander generators: for an air expansion generator, the internal efficiency is in direct proportion to the inlet air temperature, and the air compression process is required to provide high-temperature heat; for air compressor trains, the most efficient would be isothermal compression. In general, efficient operation of a compressor and an expander of the compressed air energy storage power generation system is difficult to achieve simultaneously.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a thermal power unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
thermal power generating unit peak regulation frequency modulation system based on liquid compressed air energy storage includes:
the low-pressure cylinder steam exhaust port of the coal-fired generator set is sequentially connected with a first condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater group, a water feed pump group and a high-pressure heater group;
the liquid compressed air energy storage system comprises an air compressor, an outlet of the air compressor is sequentially connected with a compression heat cooler and a precooler, an outlet of the precooler is sequentially connected with a refrigeration expansion machine and a gas-liquid separator, a gas air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the precooler, and a liquid air outlet is connected with a liquefied air storage device;
the liquid compressed air energy release system comprises a variable frequency liquefied air booster pump, an inlet of the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump is connected with a liquefied air storage device, an outlet of the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump is sequentially connected with an air heater and an air expansion generator to release energy and generate power, and air after acting is discharged into the atmosphere.
The system is further improved in that:
the coal-fired power generating unit comprises a boiler, wherein a new steam outlet of the boiler is connected with a steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder, a steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with an inlet of a reheater of the boiler, an outlet of the reheater of the boiler is connected with a steam inlet of a medium-pressure cylinder, and a steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet of a low-pressure cylinder; the outlet of the high-pressure heater group is connected with the boiler; the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder are coaxially connected and drive the generator to generate electricity together.
Part of exhaust steam is led out from an exhaust pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder through an intermediate exhaust steam extraction valve group; part of hot re-steam is led out from a steam inlet pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder through a hot re-steam extraction valve group; steam led out by the middle exhaust steam extraction valve group and the hot re-extraction valve group is converged and then is output to the straight condensing turbine as driving steam, the exhaust steam of the straight condensing turbine is output to the second condenser to exchange heat with cooling water of the closed circulating cooling water system, and condensed water after heat exchange flows back to the first condenser; the straight condensing turbine is connected with the air compressor unit through the first clutch gear box and used for driving the air compressor unit to work.
And the second condenser is connected with a water ring vacuum pump and is used for pumping out non-condensable gas in the second condenser.
Closed recirculating cooling water system includes cooling tower, cooling tower's export is carried the cooling water respectively to first condenser and second condenser through circulating water pump and is carried out the heat transfer, all flows back to cooling tower after the heat transfer and accomplishes the cooling water circulation.
The air compressor set is connected with one rotating shaft of the motor through a second clutch gear box, and the air expansion generator is connected with the other rotating shaft of the motor through a third clutch gear box.
And part of water at the inlet of the low-pressure heater group is led out to the compression heat cooler to exchange heat with compressed air from the air compressor group, and the heat exchanged water is output to a pipeline at the outlet of the low-pressure heater group.
The inlet of the air heater of the high-pressure heater group leads out part of the feed water through the first valve group, the outlet leads out part of the feed water through the second valve group, the feed water led out by the first valve group and the second valve group is merged and then output to the air heater to exchange heat with liquid air, and the heat exchanged and output to the inlet of the low-pressure heater group.
And a cold accumulation device is also arranged between the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump and the air heater, and the cold accumulation device is connected with the precooler and provides a cold source for the precooler.
A thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation method based on liquid compressed air energy storage comprises the following steps:
i. peak regulation mode:
and (3) compression energy storage link: when the power grid does not require deep peak shaving, closing the hot re-extraction valve group, opening the intermediate-exhaust extraction valve group, and enabling the intermediate-pressure cylinder to exhaust steam to enter the straight condensing steam turbine to do work; when the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power generating unit, the middle-exhaust steam extraction valve group is gradually closed until the middle-exhaust steam extraction valve group is closed, the hot re-steam extraction valve group is gradually opened, the high-quality steam drives the straight condensing steam turbine, the bypass part enters the steam of the middle-pressure cylinder for power generation, the power of the generator of the thermal power generating unit is reduced, and the purpose of deep peak regulation is achieved;
an expansion energy release link: when the power grid does not require deep peak shaving, liquefied air at the outlet of the liquefied air storage device is pressurized by a variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump, low-temperature cold energy of the liquid air is stored in a cold storage device and then enters an air heater in a gaseous form with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature, and the liquid air enters an air expansion generator to do work and generate power after being heated and is merged into a power outlet end of a generator of a thermal power generating unit; when the power grid requires deep peak shaving, gradually reducing the operating frequency of the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump to reduce the output power of the energy release system until the energy release link stops operating;
frequency modulation mode:
a. increasing total network power
And (3) compression energy storage link: closing a middle exhaust steam extraction valve group or a hot re-steam extraction valve group of the steam inlet of a straight condensing turbine of an air compressor unit, reducing steam extraction of the turbine and improving the power generation power of a thermal power generating unit; opening a condensation water valve of the large compression heat cooler, reducing the flow of condensation water flowing through the low-pressure heater group, reducing the extraction flow of the low-pressure cylinder regenerative system, and improving the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit;
an expansion energy release link: firstly, the operating frequency of a large variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump is set to improve the output power of an energy release system; opening a first valve group at the inlet of a large high-pressure heater group, closing a second valve group at the outlet of the high-pressure heater group until the first valve group is closed, reducing the water supply flow passing through the high-pressure heater group, reducing the steam extraction flow of a regenerative system of a high-pressure cylinder and a medium-pressure cylinder, and improving the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit;
b. reducing total network power
And (3) compression energy storage link: opening a middle exhaust steam extraction valve group or a hot re-steam extraction valve group of the steam inlet of a straight condensing turbine of a large air compressor unit, increasing steam extraction of the turbine and reducing the power generation power of a thermal power generating unit; secondly, fully opening a steam re-extraction valve set of the steam inlet heat of the straight condensing turbine of the air compressor unit, closing the steam re-extraction valve set until the steam re-extraction valve set is fully closed, and replacing low-quality steam with high-quality steam to reduce the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit; the opening of a condensate valve of the compression heat cooler is reduced until the condensate valve is closed, the flow of condensate flowing through the low-pressure heater group is improved, the steam extraction flow of the low-pressure cylinder regenerative system is increased, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is reduced;
an expansion energy release link: the operating frequency of a variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump is reduced to reduce the output power of an energy release system; and closing the first valve group at the inlet of the small high-pressure heater group until the first valve group is closed, and simultaneously opening the second valve group at the outlet of the large high-pressure heater group until the second valve group is fully opened, so that the water supply flow passing through the high-pressure heater group is increased, the steam extraction flow of a regenerative system of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder is increased, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the liquid compressed air energy storage system is in multiple coupling with the steam-water thermal cycle of the thermal power generating unit, the compressor is driven by a straight condensing steam turbine which takes steam inlet and steam outlet of a middle pressure cylinder of the thermal power generating unit as a heat source, heat in the energy storage compression process is used for heating condensed water so as to expel low pressure cylinder heat regenerative steam extraction, and heat absorption in the energy release expansion process is provided by high-temperature water supply. The operation mode of the system for improving the peak regulation and frequency modulation capability provided by the invention can realize the space-time transfer of partial energy of the steam-water thermal cycle of the thermal power generating unit, and is favorable for improving the peak regulation and frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit participating in the power grid. The method is suitable for all thermal power generating units and has the universal condition for large-scale popularization.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-a boiler, 2-a high pressure cylinder, 3-an intermediate pressure cylinder, 4-a low pressure cylinder, 5-a generator, 6-a condenser, 7-a circulating water pump, 8-a cooling water tower, 9-a condensate pump, 10-a low pressure heater group, 11-a water feed pump group, 12-a high pressure heater group, 13-a pure condensing turbine, 14-a second condenser, 15-a water ring vacuum pump, 16-an intermediate exhaust steam extraction valve group, 17-a hot re-extraction valve group, 18-a clutch gear box, 19-an air compressor group, 20-a motor, 21-a compression heat cooler, 22-a precooler, 23-a refrigeration expander, 24-a gas-liquid separator, 25-a liquefied air storage device and 26-a variable frequency liquefied air booster pump, 27-a cold accumulation device, 28-an air heater, 29-an air expansion generator and 30-31 valve groups.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually arranged when the product of the present invention is used, the description is merely for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the term "horizontal", if present, does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the thermal power generating unit peak shaving frequency modulation system based on liquid compressed air energy storage of the invention comprises a coal-fired power generating unit, a liquid compressed air energy storage system and a liquid compressed air energy release system;
a steam outlet of a low-pressure cylinder 4 of the coal-fired power generating set is sequentially connected with a first condenser 6, a condensate pump 9, a low-pressure heater group 10, a water feed pump group 11 and a high-pressure heater group 12; the liquid compressed air energy storage system comprises an air compressor 19, wherein the outlet of the air compressor 19 is sequentially connected with a compression heat cooler 21 and a precooler 22, the outlet of the precooler 22 is sequentially connected with a refrigeration expansion machine 23 and a gas-liquid separator 24, the gas air outlet of the gas-liquid separator 24 is connected with the precooler 22, and the liquid air outlet is connected with a liquefied air storage device 25; the liquid compressed air energy release system comprises a variable frequency liquefied air booster pump 26, wherein the inlet of the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump 26 is connected with a liquefied air storage device 25, the outlet of the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump is sequentially connected with a cold accumulator 27, an air heater 28 and an air expansion generator 29 to release energy and generate power, and air after doing work is discharged into the atmosphere.
The coal-fired generating set comprises a boiler 1, wherein a new steam outlet of the boiler 1 is connected with a steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder 2, a steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected with an inlet of a reheater of the boiler 1, a reheater outlet of the boiler 1 is connected with a steam inlet of a medium-pressure cylinder 3, a steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder 3 is connected with a steam inlet of a low-pressure cylinder 4, and a steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 4 is sequentially connected with a first condenser 6, a condensate pump 9, a low-pressure heater group 10, a water feed pump group 11 and a high-pressure heater group 12; the outlet of the high-pressure heater group 12 is connected with the boiler 1; the high pressure cylinder 2, the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 and the low pressure cylinder 4 are coaxially connected and drive a generator 5 to generate electricity together.
Part of exhaust steam is led out from an exhaust steam pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 through an intermediate exhaust steam extraction valve group 16; part of hot re-steam is led out from a steam inlet pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 through a hot re-steam extraction valve group 17; the steam led out by the middle exhaust steam extraction valve group 16 and the hot re-extraction valve group 17 is converged and then is output to the straight condensing turbine 13 as driving steam, the exhaust steam of the straight condensing turbine 13 is output to the second condenser 14 to exchange heat with the cooling water of the closed circulating cooling water system, and the condensed water after heat exchange flows back to the first condenser 6; the straight condensing turbine 13 is connected with an air compressor unit 19 through a first clutch gear box 18 and is used for driving the air compressor unit 19 to work. The second condenser 14 is connected with a water ring vacuum pump 15 for pumping out non-condensable gas in the second condenser 14.
Closed recirculating cooling water system includes cooling tower 8, and cooling water is carried respectively to first condenser 6 and second condenser 14 through circulating water pump 7 in the export of cooling tower 8 and is carried out the heat transfer, all flows back to cooling tower 8 after the heat transfer and accomplishes the cooling water circulation.
The air compressor unit 19 is connected to one rotating shaft of the electric motor 20 through a second clutch gear box 32, and the air expansion generator 29 is connected to the other rotating shaft of the electric motor 20 through a third clutch gear box 33. And part of water at the inlet of the low-pressure heater group 10 is led out to the compression heat cooler 21 to exchange heat with the compressed air from the air compressor group 19, and the heat exchanged water is output to a pipeline at the outlet of the low-pressure heater group 10. The inlet of the high-pressure heater group air heater 28 leads out part of the water supply through the first valve group 30, the outlet leads out part of the water supply through the second valve group 31, the water supply led out by the first valve group 30 and the second valve group 31 is merged and then output to the air heater 28 to exchange heat with liquid air, and the heat exchanged water is output to the inlet of the low-pressure heater group 10. A cold storage device 27 is further arranged between the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump 26 and the air heater 28, and the cold storage device 27 is connected with the precooler 22 to provide a cold source for the precooler 22.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the new steam at the outlet of the boiler 1 returns to a reheater of the boiler 1 after sequentially doing work through a high-pressure cylinder 2 of a steam turbine and secondarily heats the new steam, then enters an intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 and a low-pressure cylinder 4 to do work to drive a generator 5 to generate electricity, the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder 4 enters a first condenser 6 to be condensed, and a cold source is provided by a closed circulating cooling water system consisting of a circulating water pump 7 and a cooling water tower 8. Condensed water at the outlet of the condenser sequentially flows through a condensed water pump 9, a low-pressure heater group 10, a water feed pump group 11 and a high-pressure heater group 12 and then enters the boiler 1 to absorb heat, and the circulation of a typical steam-water thermal system of the coal-fired power generator set is completed.
The energy storage process of the liquid compressed air is as follows: the air is pressurized by the air compressor unit 19, enters the compression heat cooler 21 and the precooler 22 for gradient cooling, enters the refrigeration expander 23 for deep cooling, realizes the liquid and gas separation of the air in the gas-liquid separator 24, and enters the storage device 25 for storage in the form of low-temperature liquid. The cold source of the precooler is provided by the gaseous air of the gas-liquid separator 24 and the cold storage device 27 at the outlet of the energy release link liquefied air storage device 25.
The energy-releasing and power-generating process of the system comprises the following steps: liquefied air at the outlet of the liquefied air storage device 25 is pressurized by a variable frequency liquefied air booster pump 26, liquid air low-temperature cold energy is stored in a cold storage device 27, and then enters an air heater 28 in a gaseous form slightly lower than the ambient temperature to be heated, and then enters an air expansion generator 29 to apply work to generate power, and the power is merged into a generator outlet end of a thermal power generating unit.
Coupling points of the liquid compressed air energy storage system and the thermal power generating unit steam-water thermal cycle are as follows:
1) the compressor driving method. The compressor is driven coaxially by a double power of a motor 20 and a straight condensing turbine 13, and connection and rotation speed adjustment are realized through a clutch gear box 18. The straight condensing turbine 13 is provided with two paths of steam sources which are respectively used for steam inlet and steam exhaust of the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 3, and can independently take steam or jointly take steam. The exhaust steam of the straight condensing turbine 13 enters the added second condenser 14 for condensation and then enters the first condenser 6 to maintain the quality balance of the steam and water. The cooling water of the second condenser 14 is taken from the outlet of the circulating water pump 7, and the high-temperature water after heat absorption is merged into the outlet circulating water main pipe of the first condenser 6 and then enters the cooling water tower 8. A water ring vacuum pump 15 is provided to pump out non-condensing gases in the second condenser 14 to maintain efficient heat exchange.
2) The compression exotherm is used to heat the condensate. Part of the condensed water is led to the compression heat cooler 21 from the outlet of the condensed water pump 9, absorbs heat and then returns to the outlet of the low-pressure heater group 10.
3) The expansion heat absorption is provided by high-temperature feed water. A portion of the feedwater is directed from the outlet and inlet of the high pressure heater bank 12 to the air heater 28, respectively, and after heat rejection is returned to the inlet of the low pressure heater bank 10.
After the thermal power generating unit is provided with the liquid compressed air energy storage system, or the compressed energy storage link or the expansion energy release link is operated, and the conditions that the compressed energy storage link and the expansion energy release link are operated or not operated do not exist. The invention relates to a thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation method based on liquid compressed air energy storage, which comprises the following steps:
1) the operation mode of peak regulation capacity improvement (reducing the total on-line electric power of the thermal power generating unit) comprises the following steps:
and (3) compression energy storage link: when the power grid does not require deep peak shaving, from the economical point of view, the hot re-extraction valve group 17 is closed, the middle exhaust extraction valve group 16 is opened, and the exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder 3 enters the straight condensing turbine 13 to do work. When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power generating unit, the intermediate exhaust steam extraction valve group 16 is gradually closed, the hot re-extraction valve group 17 is gradually opened, high-quality steam-intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet replaces low-quality steam-intermediate pressure cylinder 3 steam exhaust to drive the pure condensing steam turbine 13, part of steam which originally enters the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 to do work for power generation is bypassed, the power of the generator of the thermal power generating unit is reduced, and the purpose of deep peak regulation is achieved.
An expansion energy release link: when the power grid does not require deep peak shaving, liquefied air at the outlet of the liquefied air storage device 25 is pressurized by the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump 26, low-temperature cold energy of the liquid air is stored in the cold storage device 27, and the liquid air enters the air heater 28 in a gaseous state with a temperature slightly lower than the ambient temperature to be heated and then enters the air expansion generator 29 to do work for power generation and is merged into the outlet end of the generator of the thermal power generating unit. When the power grid requires deep peak shaving of the thermal power generating unit, the operating frequency of the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump 26 is gradually reduced to reduce the output power of the energy release system until the energy release link stops operating.
2) The operation mode of frequency modulation capability improvement (rapid heating/reducing of the total on-grid electric power of the thermal power generating unit) comprises the following steps:
(1) quickly increasing total power of network
And (3) compression energy storage link: firstly, quickly closing a middle exhaust steam extraction valve set 16 or a hot re-steam extraction valve set 17 of the steam inlet of a straight condensing turbine 13 of an air compressor unit 19, reducing steam extraction of the turbine and improving the power generation power of a thermal power generating unit; secondly, the opening of a condensation water valve of the compression heat cooler 21 is quickly enlarged, the flow of condensation water flowing through the low-pressure heater group 10 is reduced, the extraction flow of the low-pressure cylinder 4 regenerative system is reduced, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is improved.
An expansion energy release link: firstly, rapidly increasing the operating frequency of the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump 26 to improve the output power of the energy release system; and secondly, quickly opening a water supply pipeline regulating valve group 30 at the inlet of the high-pressure heater group 12, and quickly closing the water supply pipeline regulating valve group 31 until the outlet of the high-pressure heater group 12 is closed, so that the water supply flow passing through the high-pressure heater group 12 is reduced, the steam extraction flow of the regenerative system of the high-pressure cylinder 2 and the medium-pressure cylinder 3 is reduced, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is improved.
(2) Fast reduction of total internet power
And (3) compression energy storage link: firstly, a middle exhaust steam extraction valve set 16 or a hot re-steam extraction valve set 17 of the steam inlet of a straight condensing turbine 13 of an air compressor unit 19 is quickly enlarged, the steam extraction of the turbine is reduced, and the power generation power of a thermal power generating unit is reduced; secondly, the steam inlet heat of the straight condensing turbine 13 of the air compressor unit 19 is quickly and fully opened and then the steam extraction valve set 17 is quickly closed until the steam extraction valve set 16 is fully closed, and high-quality steam replaces low-quality steam to reduce the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit; and thirdly, the opening of a condensation water valve of the compression heat cooler 21 is quickly reduced or even closed, the flow of condensation water flowing through the low-pressure heater group 10 is improved, the steam extraction flow of the low-pressure cylinder 4 regenerative system is increased, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is reduced.
An expansion energy release link: firstly, quickly reducing the operating frequency of the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump 26 to reduce the output power of the energy release system; quickly closing the water supply pipeline regulating valve group 30 until the inlet of the high-pressure heater group 12 is closed, and simultaneously quickly opening the water supply pipeline regulating valve group 31 until the outlet of the high-pressure heater group 12 is fully opened, so that the water supply flow passing through the high-pressure heater group 12 is improved, the steam extraction flow of the regenerative system of the high-pressure cylinder 2 and the medium-pressure cylinder 3 is increased, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is reduced.
The operation modes of the system for improving the peak regulation and frequency modulation capability can be overlapped and are determined according to the field requirements.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Thermal power generating unit peak regulation frequency modulation system based on liquid compressed air energy storage, its characterized in that includes:
the steam exhaust port of a low-pressure cylinder (4) of the coal-fired power generating unit is sequentially connected with a first condenser (6), a condensate pump (9), a low-pressure heater group (10), a water feed pump group (11) and a high-pressure heater group (12);
the liquid compressed air energy storage system comprises an air compressor (19), an outlet of the air compressor (19) is sequentially connected with a compression heat cooler (21) and a precooler (22), an outlet of the precooler (22) is sequentially connected with a refrigeration expansion machine (23) and a gas-liquid separator (24), a gas air outlet of the gas-liquid separator (24) is connected with the precooler (22), and a liquid air outlet is connected with a liquefied air storage device (25);
the liquid compressed air energy release system comprises a variable frequency liquefied air booster pump (26), an inlet of the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump (26) is connected with a liquefied air storage device (25), an outlet of the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump is sequentially connected with an air heater (28) and an air expansion generator (29) to release energy and generate power, and air after work is done is discharged into the atmosphere.
2. The peak-load and frequency-modulation system of the thermal power generating unit based on the liquid compressed air energy storage is characterized in that the coal-fired generating unit comprises a boiler (1), a new steam outlet of the boiler (1) is connected with a steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder (2), a steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder (2) is connected with an inlet of a reheater of the boiler (1), a reheater outlet of the boiler (1) is connected with a steam inlet of a medium-pressure cylinder (3), and a steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder (3) is connected with a steam inlet of a low-pressure cylinder (4); the outlet of the high-pressure heater group (12) is connected with the boiler (1); the high pressure cylinder (2), the intermediate pressure cylinder (3) and the low pressure cylinder (4) are coaxially connected and drive the generator (5) to generate electricity together.
3. The thermal power generating unit peak-load regulation and frequency modulation system based on the liquid compressed air energy storage is characterized in that a part of exhaust steam is led out from an exhaust pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder (3) through an intermediate exhaust steam extraction valve set (16); on a steam inlet pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder (3), partial hot re-steam is led out through a hot re-steam extraction valve set (17); steam led out by the middle exhaust steam extraction valve group (16) and the hot re-extraction valve group (17) is converged and then is output to the straight condensing turbine (13) as driving steam, the exhaust steam of the straight condensing turbine (13) is output to the second condenser (14) to exchange heat with cooling water of a closed circulating cooling water system, and condensed water after heat exchange flows back to the first condenser (6); the straight condensing turbine (13) is connected with the air compressor unit (19) through a first clutch gear box (18) and is used for driving the air compressor unit (19) to work.
4. The thermal power generating unit peak-load adjusting and frequency modulating system based on the liquid state compressed air energy storage is characterized in that a water ring vacuum pump (15) is connected to the second condenser (14) and used for pumping out non-condensable gas in the second condenser (14).
5. The thermal power generating unit peak-load regulation and frequency modulation system based on the liquid compressed air energy storage is characterized in that the closed circulating cooling water system comprises a cooling water tower (8), cooling water is respectively conveyed to a first condenser (6) and a second condenser (14) through an outlet of the cooling water tower (8) through a circulating water pump (7) for heat exchange, and after heat exchange, the cooling water flows back to the cooling water tower (8) to complete cooling water circulation.
6. A thermal power generating unit peak shaving system based on liquid compressed air energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that the air compressor unit (19) is connected with one rotating shaft of the electric motor (20) through a second clutch gear box (32), and the air expansion generator (29) is connected with the other rotating shaft of the electric motor (20) through a third clutch gear box (33).
7. The thermal power generating unit peak-load regulation and frequency modulation system based on the liquid compressed air energy storage is characterized in that part of water at an inlet of the low-pressure heater group (10) is led out to a compression heat cooler (21) to exchange heat with compressed air from an air compressor group (19), and the heat exchanged water is output to a pipeline at an outlet of the low-pressure heater group (10).
8. The thermal power generating unit peak-load regulation and frequency modulation system based on the liquid compressed air energy storage is characterized in that part of feed water is led out from an inlet of an air heater (28) of the high-pressure heater group through a first valve group (30), part of feed water is led out from an outlet of the air heater group through a second valve group (31), the feed water led out from the first valve group (30) and the second valve group (31) is merged and then output to the air heater (28) to exchange heat with liquid air, and the feed water is output to an inlet of a low-pressure heater group (10) after heat exchange.
9. The thermal power generating unit peak-shaving frequency modulation system based on the liquid compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, wherein a cold storage device (27) is further arranged between the variable frequency liquefied air booster pump (26) and the air heater (28), and the cold storage device (27) is connected with the precooler (22) to provide a cold source for the precooler (22).
10. A thermal power generating unit peak shaving frequency modulation method based on liquid compressed air energy storage according to any one of the systems of claims 1-9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
i. peak regulation mode:
and (3) compression energy storage link: when the power grid does not require deep peak shaving, closing the hot re-extraction valve set (17), opening the intermediate-exhaust extraction valve set (16), and enabling the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder (3) to enter the straight condensing turbine (13) to do work; when the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power generating unit, the middle-exhaust steam extraction valve group (16) is gradually closed until the middle-exhaust steam extraction valve group is closed, the hot re-steam extraction valve group (17) is gradually opened, the high-quality steam drives the straight condensing turbine (13), the bypass part enters the steam which is used for power generation by the middle-pressure cylinder (3), the power of the generator of the thermal power generating unit is reduced, and the purpose of deep peak regulation is achieved;
an expansion energy release link: when the power grid does not require deep peak shaving, liquefied air at the outlet of the liquefied air storage device (25) is pressurized by the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump (26), low-temperature cold energy of liquid air is stored in the cold storage device (27), then the liquid air enters the air heater (28) in a gaseous state with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature, and after the temperature is raised, the liquid air enters the air expansion generator (29) to do work for power generation and is merged into the outlet end of the generator of the thermal power generating unit; when the power grid requires deep peak shaving, gradually reducing the operating frequency of the variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump (26) to reduce the output power of the energy release system until the energy release link stops operating;
frequency modulation mode:
a. increasing total network power
And (3) compression energy storage link: closing a middle exhaust steam extraction valve group (16) or a hot re-extraction valve group (17) of the steam inlet of a straight condensing turbine (13) of an air compressor unit (19), reducing steam extraction of the turbine and improving the power generation power of a thermal power generating unit; secondly, opening the opening of a condensation water valve of the large compression heat cooler (21), reducing the flow of condensation water flowing through the low-pressure heater group (10), reducing the extraction flow of a regenerative system of the low-pressure cylinder (4), and improving the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit;
an expansion energy release link: firstly, the operating frequency of a large variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump (26) is set to improve the output power of an energy release system; opening a first valve group (30) at the inlet of the large high-pressure heater group (12), closing a second valve group (31) at the outlet of the small high-pressure heater group (12) until the second valve group is closed, reducing the water supply flow passing through the high-pressure heater group (12), reducing the steam extraction flow of a regenerative system of the high-pressure cylinder (2) and the medium-pressure cylinder (3), and improving the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit;
b. reducing total network power
And (3) compression energy storage link: opening a middle exhaust steam extraction valve group (16) or a hot re-extraction valve group (17) of the steam inlet of a straight condensing turbine (13) of a large air compressor unit (19), increasing steam extraction of the turbine and reducing the power generation power of a thermal power generating unit; secondly, fully opening a heat re-extraction valve set (17) of steam entering a straight condensing turbine (13) of the air compressor set (19), closing the heat re-extraction valve set until the steam extraction valve set (16) is fully closed, and replacing low-quality steam with high-quality steam to reduce the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit; the opening of a condensate valve of the compression heat cooler (21) is reduced until the condensate valve is closed, the flow of the condensate flowing through the low-pressure heater group (10) is improved, the steam extraction flow of a regenerative system of the low-pressure cylinder (4) is increased, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is reduced;
an expansion energy release link: the operating frequency of a variable-frequency liquefied air booster pump (26) is reduced to reduce the output power of an energy release system; and secondly, closing a first valve group (30) at the inlet of the small high-pressure heater group (12) until the first valve group is closed, and simultaneously opening a second valve group (31) at the outlet of the large high-pressure heater group (12) until the second valve group is fully opened, so that the water supply flow passing through the high-pressure heater group (12) is improved, the steam extraction flow of a regenerative system of the high-pressure cylinder (2) and the medium-pressure cylinder (3) is increased, and the power generation power of the thermal power generating unit is reduced.
CN202011166654.3A 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Thermal power generating unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system and method based on liquid compressed air energy storage Pending CN112240540A (en)

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CN112865084A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-28 华中科技大学 Power plant energy storage mode setting method considering deep peak shaving of thermal power generating unit
CN113217899A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-06 杭州英集动力科技有限公司 Comprehensive energy station for actively regulating steam pipe network load and operation scheduling method
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CN112865084A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-28 华中科技大学 Power plant energy storage mode setting method considering deep peak shaving of thermal power generating unit
CN113217899A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-06 杭州英集动力科技有限公司 Comprehensive energy station for actively regulating steam pipe network load and operation scheduling method
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CN115324675A (en) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-11 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Control method for adjusting power grid frequency of thermal power generating unit based on variable-frequency condensate pump
CN115324674A (en) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-11 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 System for frequency conversion condensate pump of thermal power generating unit participates in power grid frequency adjustment
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