CN113957766B - Composite water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Composite water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113957766B
CN113957766B CN202111477862.XA CN202111477862A CN113957766B CN 113957766 B CN113957766 B CN 113957766B CN 202111477862 A CN202111477862 A CN 202111477862A CN 113957766 B CN113957766 B CN 113957766B
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permeable brick
steel slag
curing
recycled aggregate
water permeable
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CN113957766A (en
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杨刚
金强
王文君
颜凡
梁纾钘
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Shanghai Mcc Environmental Engineering Technology Co ltd
MCC Baosteel Technology Services Co Ltd
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Shanghai Mcc Environmental Engineering Technology Co ltd
MCC Baosteel Technology Services Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
    • E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of bricks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building material products, and discloses a composite water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite water permeable brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, the surface layer comprises waste ceramic particles and a binder, and the mass ratio of the binder to the waste ceramic particles is (2.5-3.5): 100; the bottom layer comprises steel slag, recycled aggregate, cement and water, and the mass ratio of the steel slag to the recycled aggregate to the cement to the water is (120-150): (35-50): (38-40): (12-13). The surface layer of the composite water permeable brick takes the waste ceramic particles and the binder as raw materials, and has attractive appearance and high water permeability; the bottom layer takes the steel slag, the recycled aggregate and the cement as raw materials, the water permeability of the bottom layer can be improved while the strength is ensured, the water permeability retention rate of the water permeable brick obtained by compounding the surface layer and the bottom layer for 3 years is more than 90%, the resource recycling is realized, and the requirement of sponge city paving products is met.

Description

Composite water permeable brick and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building material products, in particular to a composite water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
According to statistics, the steel slag is generated by nearly 1.5 hundred million tons per year in China, the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 40 percent, the construction waste is generated by nearly 30 hundred million tons per year, and a large amount of steel slag and construction waste are urgently required to be treated and utilized. Along with the increasing tightening of national environmental protection policies and the implementation of strategic target schemes of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, the clean treatment and resource utilization of solid wastes such as steel slag, construction wastes, waste ceramics and the like are particularly urgent. The construction of sponge cities is one of the green projects of the national vigorously developed infrastructures in recent years, the paving of water permeable brick products is an important part of the construction of sponge cities, and mainstream technologies such as steel slag water permeable bricks, ceramic water permeable bricks, sand-based water permeable bricks and the like are formed domestically in the last five years and are respectively applied to respective markets. However, the prior art still has the following problems:
the steel slag, the recycled aggregate and the ceramic permeable brick have advantages and disadvantages in simplification and utilization. 1) The steel slag has too strong rigidity. The single steel slag pervious concrete has high strength, but has poor construction performance, and has the problems of fragmentation, hollowing, clay and the like during rolling. 2) The recycled aggregate has surplus flexibility and insufficient rigidity. The strength of the pervious concrete with the independently recycled aggregate is low, and the 28d compressive strength is less than 10Mpa, so that the pervious concrete has no use effect. 3) Slag, recycled aggregate material self do not possess quick water permeability, consequently need great, more surface hole to realize the function of permeating water, rubbish on road surface, particulate matter etc. carry out the brick body through surface hole easily, accumulate each other day, cause the water permeability decay of brick even block up. 4) The ceramic tile has elegant appearance, good water permeability under the condition of keeping low porosity, but low strength, needs to be fired and has high energy consumption.
In the prior art, ceramics are disclosed as aggregates to prepare water permeable bricks, for example, CN106045472B discloses a preparation method of ecological ceramic water permeable bricks made of composite materials, and the method takes waste ceramic particles as raw materials of fabrics, but high-temperature firing is needed, so that the energy consumption and the cost are high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention is directed to a composite water permeable brick and a method for manufacturing the same, which solve the problems of the prior art.
To achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A composite water permeable brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, the composite water permeable brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer,
the raw material of the surface layer comprises waste ceramic particles and a binder, wherein the mass ratio of the binder to the waste ceramic is (2.5-3.5): 100;
the bottom layer comprises steel slag, recycled aggregate, cement and water, wherein the mass ratio of the steel slag to the recycled aggregate to the cement to the water is (120-150): (35-50): (38-40): (12-13).
The proportion of the adhesive to the waste ceramic in the application cannot be too high or too low, and if the proportion of the adhesive is higher, the water permeability is low or even water impermeability is caused; if the proportion of the binder is lower, the strength of the composite water permeable brick is lower.
The proportion between the steel slag and the recycled aggregate exceeds the range of the application, so that the strength of the water permeable brick is low, the brittleness is increased, and the water permeable brick is easy to crack; the cement consumption exceeding the range of the application can cause the porosity of the water permeable brick to be lower, so that the water permeability is low; too high water consumption can lead to the low intensity of the brick that permeates water, and too low water consumption can't guarantee the brick shaping that permeates water.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the binder to the waste ceramic may be (2.5-3.0): 100, or (2.7-3.2): 100, or (3.0-3.5): 100.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the steel slag, the recycled aggregate, the cement and the water can be (120-130): (35-45): (38-40): (12-13), which may be (125-150): (40-50): (38-40): (12-13). Specifically, the mass ratio of the steel slag, the recycled aggregate, the cement and the water is 135.
Preferably, the particle size of the waste ceramic is 0.5 to 2mm. The brick that permeates water that forms in the particle diameter scope of the useless pottery of this application is not only outward appearance pleasing to the eye, and the porosity of surface course is little moreover, is unfavorable for the pollutant to enter into to the bottom.
Preferably, the water content of the waste ceramic is less than or equal to 0.2 percent based on the total mass of the waste ceramic. In the application, the moisture content detection method is carried out according to GB/T14684-2011 construction sand.
Preferably, the mud content of the waste ceramic is less than or equal to 0.2 percent based on the total mass of the waste ceramic. The method for detecting the mud content in the application refers to GB/T14684-2011 construction sand.
Preferably, the waste ceramic is produced by Zibojia color industry trade Co.
Preferably, the binder is a special binder for the conglutinate stone. Specifically, the special adhesive for the sticky stone is produced by Shanghai langshi new material science and technology Limited. More preferably, the special adhesive for the sticky stone is AB adhesive, the A adhesive is natural adhesive, the B adhesive is a hardening agent, and the mass ratio of the A adhesive to the B adhesive is (2-3): 1. Specifically, the mass ratio of the glue A to the glue B is 2.5.
Preferably, the cement is portland cement.
More preferably, the cement is PO 42.5 cement from taicang conch cement limited.
Preferably, the steel slag is electric furnace roller slag. Specifically, the steel slag is obtained by crushing, magnetically separating and screening electric furnace roller slag produced by BaoWU group Baostee corporation.
Preferably, the free calcium f.Ca0 in the steel slag is less than or equal to 1.4 percent based on the total mass of the steel slag. The method for detecting the content of f-CaO in the application refers to a YB/T140-2009 steel slag chemical analysis method.
Preferably, the particle size of the steel slag is 3-5mm.
Preferably, the recycled aggregate is a particle material crushed after the building is dismantled.
Preferably, the particle size of the recycled aggregate is 5-20mm.
Preferably, the content of the mud blocks of the recycled aggregate is less than or equal to 0.5 percent based on the total mass of the recycled aggregate. The method for detecting the content of the mud blocks in the application is GB/T14684-2011 construction sand.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the composite water permeable brick, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw material components in the surface layer to obtain a fabric;
mixing the raw material components in the bottom layer to obtain a bottom material;
and carrying out primary forming on the base material, then laying the fabric on the formed base material, carrying out secondary forming, and maintaining to obtain the composite water permeable brick.
Preferably, the raw material component mixing in the facing layer includes stirring and mixing the waste ceramic and the binder.
More preferably, the stirring time of the raw material components in the face layer is 180 to 300 seconds.
Preferably, the mixing of the raw material components in the bottom layer comprises the steps of firstly stirring and mixing the steel slag, the recycled aggregate and the cement, and finally adding water and stirring and mixing.
More preferably, the stirring time of the raw material components in the bottom layer is 70 to 80 seconds.
Preferably, the first forming mode is vibration compression forming, and the pressure is 150-220KN.
More preferably, the pressure of the vibro-compaction is 200KN.
Preferably, the second molding mode is static pressure molding, and the pressure is 80-1000KN.
Preferably, the pressure of the static pressure forming is 94KN.
Preferably, the curing includes curing in a curing kiln and natural curing.
More preferably, the curing temperature of the curing kiln is 20-25 ℃. Specifically, the curing temperature of the curing kiln is 22 ℃.
More preferably, the humidity of the curing in the curing kiln is 60-80%. Specifically, the humidity of the curing in the curing kiln is 70%.
More preferably, the curing time of the curing kiln is 20-24h. Specifically, the curing time of the curing kiln is 22h.
According to the invention, the raw materials such as steel slag, recycled aggregate, waste ceramic and binder are screened and controlled, so that the composite water permeable brick prepared from the raw materials has the ceramic attractiveness and anti-blocking property, the link that the ceramic brick needs to be fired at high temperature in the prior art is avoided, and meanwhile, the composite water permeable brick also has high strength and high water permeability.
The surface layer of the invention takes the waste ceramic particles and the adhesive as raw materials, the waste ceramic particles are utilized to have high water permeability, the adhesive is adopted to reduce the gaps among the waste ceramic particles, the water permeability is ensured, meanwhile, the environmental pollutants can be greatly reduced to enter a water permeable system of the base layer, and the attractiveness of the ceramic can be maintained; the bottom layer adopts small-particle steel slag and large-particle recycled aggregate, and the small-particle steel slag and the large-particle recycled aggregate are matched with each other to increase the porosity of the bottom layer and the water permeability of the bottom layer; the composite water permeable brick formed by the surface layer and the bottom layer can ensure the integrity and the aesthetic property of the surface layer and the water permeability and the strength of the composite water permeable brick at the same time, so that the 3-year water permeability retention rate of the composite water permeable brick is more than 90%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The composite water permeable brick can reduce the surface porosity and reduce the water permeable function loss caused by the fact that pollutants such as garbage, particles and the like on the pavement pass through the brick body through surface pores by selecting the waste ceramic and the adhesive with specific particle sizes.
2) The composite water permeable brick provided by the invention takes waste ceramics, steel slag and waste after building demolition as raw materials, and prepares the water permeable brick with high strength, good water permeability, low cost, high quality and low price by utilizing respective advantages, so that the composite water permeable brick can meet the pavement product of sponge cities.
3) The composite water permeable brick can utilize solid wastes to the maximum extent, reduce the production cost and realize the resource recycling.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the composite water permeable brick of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are only intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the composite water permeable brick of the present invention, the composite water permeable brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is arranged above the bottom layer, the thickness of the surface layer is 1-2cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 4-5cm.
The preparation method of the composite water permeable brick is further illustrated by specific examples.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, the steel slag is converter steel slag produced by Baogang group Baogang Limited company, and the free calcium f.CaO content in the steel slag is 0.6 percent and the particle size is 3-5mm by taking the total mass of the steel slag as a reference; the cement is PO 42.5 cement of Taicang conch cement company; the adhesive is a special adhesive for the sticky stone of Shanghai lanshi new material science and technology Limited, and comprises an adhesive A and an adhesive B, wherein the mass ratio of the adhesive A to the adhesive B is 2.5; the recycled aggregate is a crushed granular material after the building is dismantled, the particle size of the recycled aggregate is 5-12mm, and the content of mud blocks of the recycled aggregate is 0.3 percent by taking the total mass of the recycled aggregate as a reference; the waste ceramic particles are produced by Zibojia color industry and trade company Limited, the particle size of the waste ceramic particles is 0.5-2.0mm, the water content of the waste ceramic particles is 0.1 percent and the mud content of the waste ceramic particles is 0.1 percent based on the total mass of the waste ceramic.
In the following embodiments of the application, the machine adopted for vibration compression molding is a QT10 full-automatic block forming machine of Fujian spring industry Co., ltd; the machine used for the static pressure forming is a turntable type static pressure machine HP-1200T of Fujian spring industry Co.
Example 1
Fabric: adhesive: 3.5kg, waste ceramics: 100kg.
Backing material: 42.5-grade portland cement: 380 of the raw material; steel slag: 1200kg; recycled aggregate: 500kg.
According to the process flow, stirring the base material for 70s, then placing the base material in a mould, and carrying out vibration pressing forming under the condition that the exciting force is 200 KN; the surface layer was stirred for 250 seconds, spread on the base material molded by shaking and press, and subjected to static press molding under a pressure of 94KN. And (3) conveying the pressed and molded product into a curing kiln for curing (the temperature is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 60%), and after curing for 20 hours, measuring the compressive strength, the water permeability coefficient and the water permeability retention rate.
Example 2
Fabric: adhesive: 2.5kg, waste ceramics: 100kg.
Backing material: 42.5-grade portland cement: 400, respectively; steel slag: 1500kg; recycled aggregate: 500kg.
According to the process flow, stirring the base material for 70s, then placing the base material in a mold, and carrying out vibration pressing molding under the excitation force of 200 KN; the surface layer was stirred for 250 seconds, spread on the base material molded by shaking and press, and subjected to static press molding under a pressure of 94KN. And (3) conveying the pressed and molded product into a curing system for curing (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 80%), and after curing for 20 hours, measuring the compressive strength, the water permeability coefficient and the water permeability retention rate.
Example 3
Fabric: adhesive: 3kg, waste ceramics: 100kg.
Bottom materials: 42.5-grade portland cement: 390; steel slag: 1300kg; recycled aggregate: 450kg.
According to the process flow, stirring the base material for 70s, then placing the base material in a mold, and carrying out vibration pressing molding under the excitation force of 200 KN; the surface layer was stirred for 250 seconds, spread on the base material molded by shaking and press, and subjected to static press molding under a pressure of 94KN. And (3) conveying the pressed and molded product into a curing system for curing (the temperature is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 75%), and after curing for 24 hours, determining the compressive strength, the water permeability coefficient and the water permeability retention rate.
Example 4
Fabric: adhesive: 2.8kg, waste ceramics: 100kg.
Bottom materials: 42.5-grade portland cement: 390; steel slag: 1350kg; recycled aggregate: 420kg.
According to the process flow, stirring the base material for 70s, then placing the base material in a mould, and carrying out vibration pressing forming under the condition that the exciting force is 200 KN; the surface layer was stirred for 250 seconds, spread on the base material molded by shaking and press, and subjected to static press molding under a pressure of 94KN. And (3) conveying the pressed and molded product into a curing system for curing (the temperature is 22 ℃ and the humidity is 75%), and after curing for 22 hours, determining the compressive strength, the water permeability coefficient and the water permeability retention rate.
Comparative example 1
Fabric: 42.5-grade portland cement: 420kg; steel slag: 2050kg; water: 140kg.
Bottom materials: 42.5-grade portland cement: 390kg; steel slag: 1350kg and recycled aggregate 420kg.
The preparation method and maintenance conditions were the same as in example 4, and then the compressive strength, water permeability coefficient and water permeability retention rate were measured.
Comparative example 2
Fabric: adhesive: 2.8kg; waste ceramics: 100kg.
Bottom materials: adhesive: 2.8kg; waste ceramics: 100kg.
The preparation method and the curing conditions were the same as in example 4, and then the compressive strength, the water permeability coefficient and the water permeability retention rate were measured.
The water permeability coefficient of the samples obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was examined with reference to "GB/T25993-2010 water permeable pavement bricks and water permeable pavement slabs".
The 1-year water permeability retention rate and the 3-year water permeability retention rate were calculated according to the following formulas:
the 1-year water permeability retention rate = 100% of the daily water permeability coefficient accepted as a complete project for one year/the daily water permeability coefficient accepted as a complete project;
3-year water permeability retention ratio = daily water permeability coefficient for three years in completion acceptance/daily water permeability coefficient for completion acceptance 100%;
the samples obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested for their 28-day compressive strength with reference to "GB 28635-2012 concrete pavior brick".
The results of the tests of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 examples
Figure BDA0003394203160000061
As can be seen from Table 1, the 28d average compressive strength of the permeable brick of the application is more than 45Mpa, and the requirement of the permeable brick on the concrete pavement brick in the national standard requirement is met; the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable brick is higher than 2.0 x 10 specified by the national standard requirement -2 cm/s. Compared with the all-ceramic water permeable brick, namely the comparative example 2, the 28-day compressive strength of the composite water permeable brick is increased by more than 70%; compared with the full steel slag permeable brick, namely the comparative example 1, the permeable retention rate of the composite permeable brick of the application in 1 year and 3 years is increased, the permeable retention rate in 1 year reaches more than 95%, and the permeable retention rate in 3 years reaches more than 90%; comparative example 2 has a high water permeability retention, but has poor strength and does not meet the standard requirements of concrete pavement bricks.
Under the condition of the original process ratio (namely comparative example 1), the water permeable brick is difficult to meet the requirements of strength, short-term water permeability and long-term water permeability at the same time, and has higher cost. The method comprises the following steps of taking waste ceramic particles as aggregates of the surface layers of the permeable bricks and taking a binder as a binding material; slag and recycled aggregate are as the brick bottom aggregate that permeates water, and cement is as binding material preparation compound solid useless permeable brick product that permeates water, compromise permeable brick technical requirement such as anti-blocking nature, aesthetic property, high strength, high water permeability, consequently, the compound permeable brick surface hole of this application is less, and the wholeness of the permeable pavement who paves, aesthetic property travelling comfort all promote to some extent.
Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value. The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or change the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The composite water permeable brick is characterized by comprising a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is prepared from waste ceramic and a binder, and the mass ratio of the binder to the waste ceramic is (2.5-3.5): 100;
the particle size of the waste ceramic is 0.5-2mm, the adhesive is a special adhesive for sticky stones, and the special adhesive for sticky stones is AB glue;
the bottom layer comprises the following raw materials of steel slag, recycled aggregate, cement and water, wherein the mass ratio of the steel slag to the recycled aggregate to the cement to the water is (120-150): (35-50): (38-40): (12-13);
the steel slag is electric furnace roller slag, the particle size of the steel slag is 3-5mm, the particle size of the recycled aggregate is 5-20mm, and the recycled aggregate is a crushed granular material after the building is dismantled.
2. The composite water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the waste ceramic is less than or equal to 0.2% based on the total mass of the waste ceramic;
and/or the mud content of the waste ceramic is less than or equal to 0.2 percent based on the total mass of the waste ceramic.
3. The composite water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the free calcium f.Ca0 of the steel slag is less than or equal to 1.4 percent based on the total mass of the steel slag;
and/or the cement is portland cement;
and/or, the content of mud blocks of the recycled aggregate is less than or equal to 0.5 percent based on the total mass of the recycled aggregate.
4. A method of making a composite water permeable brick according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw material components in the surface layer to obtain the fabric;
mixing the raw material components in the bottom layer to obtain a base material; and carrying out primary forming on the base material, then laying the fabric on the formed base material, carrying out secondary forming, and maintaining to obtain the composite water permeable brick.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said curing comprises curing in a kiln and natural curing.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the curing temperature of the curing kiln is 20-25 ℃;
and/or the humidity of the curing in the curing kiln is 60-80%;
and/or the curing time of the curing kiln is 20-24h.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first forming mode is vibration compression forming, and the pressure is 150-220KN.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the second forming operation is a static press forming operation at a pressure of 80-1000KN.
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